READ AND REMOVE THIS PAGE BEFORE PLACING
THE SPECIFICATION SECTION IN THE CONTRACT

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O U T L I N E  G U I D E

DIVISION 2 : SITE CONSTRUCTION

	SECTION 02732 - CRUSHED STONE SURFACING

USE:	Furnishing and placing, and compacting gravel or crushed stone on a prepared roadbed, then left exposed.

NOTES TO SPECIFIER:

A.	Options within paragraphs are identified by enclosure in brackets; blank spaces enclosed by brackets [      ] provide for information to be inserted, as appropriate to individual projects.

B.	TO AVOID CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS AND COSTLY MISTAKES, the specifier must edit (delete, substitute or add to the text).  The remaining paragraphs must be renumbered.

C.	DELETE FOR FINAL COPY: Notes to the Specifier, located between lines of asterisks; all [brackets], underlining, boldface, and italics within the paragraphs; and this page.  (Open Reveal Codes [alt F3] to do this accurately).

D.	To Edit “(Footer B)”: (Corel 8).  ENTIRE FOOTER SHOULD BE BOLDED.  Click in the footer and delete the “Project Name (ftr B)” text and replace it with the Name Of The Project (upper/lower case).  Replace date with current MM/YY (WITHOUT BRACKETS). 

E.	The Guide Specifications are intended to be continuously reviewed and revised.  User’s technical comments are appreciated.  Also, other related or similar specifications that are written “from scratch” that could benefit others, or other questions can be sent to NSTC A/E Group, ST-110 or call (303) 987-6851.

DRAWING DATA REQUIRED:  Location and detail drawings as needed.

REVISIONS OF THIS SECTION:
CSI format, editorial changes:  12/00
Metric:  
Technical Update:  

SECTION 02732

CRUSHED STONE SURFACING

PART 1:  GENERAL

1.1	SUMMARY

A.	Section Includes:  This work shall consist of furnishing, placing and compacting gravel or crushed stone courses on a prepared roadbed in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, thickness, and typical cross section shown on the drawings or established by the Contracting Officer.

B.	Related Sections:

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LIST ITEMS OF WORK THAT MIGHT LOGICALLY BE FURNISHED AND INSTALLED UNDER THIS SECTION, BUT INSTEAD ARE SPECIFIED IN ANOTHER SECTION.  THIS ARTICLE IS RARELY REQUIRED.
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1.2	DEFINITIONS

A.	Coarse Aggregates:  The material retained on the No. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve shall be known as coarse aggregate.  Coarse aggregates shall be reasonably uniform in density and quality.  When the coarse aggregate is supplied from more than one source, aggregate from each source shall meet these requirements.
1.	The coarse aggregate shall have a percentage of wear not to exceed 50 percent after 500 revolutions as determined by ASTM C 131.
2.	The amount of flat and/or elongated particles shall not exceed 20 percent.  A flat particle is one having a ratio of width to thickness greater than three; an elongated particle is one having a ratio of length to width greater than three.  

B.	Fine Aggregates:  The material passing the No. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve shall be known as fine aggregate.  Fine aggregate shall consist of screenings, sand, soil, or other finely divided mineral matter that is processed or naturally combined with the coarse aggregate.

1.3	SUBMITTALS

A.	Materials Source:  Submit the name, address, and telephone number of imported materials suppliers.

1.4	QUALITY ASSURANCE

A.	Requirements:  Perform work in accordance with [State of ______] [County of _____] Highway Standards.
1.5	SITE CONDITIONS

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THE FIRST SENTENCE OF THIS PARAGRAPH MAY BE DELETED IN LOCALITIES WHERE FREEZING TEMPERATURES DO NOT OCCUR.
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A.	Weather Limitations:  Do not construct aggregate surface courses when the ambient temperature is below 35 degrees F (2 degrees C) and on subgrades that are frozen or contain frost.  Surfaces damaged by freeze, rainfall, or other weather conditions shall be brought to a satisfactory condition by the Contractor.

PART 2:  MATERIALS:

2.1	GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

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THIS PARAGRAPH APPLIES TO GENERAL CONDITIONS.  SPECIFY OTHER MATERIALS SUCH AS DISINTEGRATED GRANITE, VOLCANIC ASH OR CINDERS, LIMEROCK, AND CALICHE WHEN SUPPORTED BY ADEQUATE PERFORMANCE DATA.  DELETE THE REQUIREMENT FOR SOUNDNESS AND PERCENTAGE OF WEAR WHEN LOCAL EXPERIENCE INDICATES THE MATERIAL IS SATISFACTORY.
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A.	Crushed Aggregate:  Aggregate shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of stone or gravel crushed to the size and of the quality requirements for crushed aggregate materials normally used locally in the construction and maintenance of highways by Federal or State agencies and shall be according to AASHTO M 147.  Aggregates shall be uniformly graded from course to fine and shall be free of vegetable matter and clay balls.

2.2	SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

A.	Surface Course Aggregates:  The surface aggregates shall have a maximum size of 3/4‑inch; plasticity index for surface aggregates shall not be less than 4 or greater than 9.  

B.	Base Aggregates:  Shall have a maximum size of 1 1/4‑inch.  Plasticity index for base aggregates shall be less than 6.  [Base course materials shall have a bearing ratio of at least 100 as determined by laboratory tests on a 4-day soaked specimen in accordance with ASTM D 1883.]

C.	Quality Control:  The Contracting Officer may conduct quality control reviews to determine the reliability of the certifications.  If the reviews indicate that the certifications are not reliable, acceptance by certification will be discontinued.  Costs to the Government for sampling and testing may be charged against the Contractor and may be deducted from the payment for the work.

PART 3:  EXECUTION

3.1	PREPARATION OF UNDERLYING SUBGRADE
 
A.	Requirements:  The underlying subgrade, including shoulders, shall be cleaned of foreign substances.  At the time of surface course construction, the underlying subgrade shall contain no frozen material.  Ruts and soft yielding spots in the underlying subgrade and areas having inadequate compaction and deviations of the surface from these specifications shall be corrected by loosening and removing soft or unsatisfactory material and by adding approved material, reshaping to line and grade and recompacting to density requirements specified.  The completed underlying subgrade shall not be disturbed by traffic or other operations and shall be maintained by the Contractor in a satisfactory condition until the surface course is placed.

B.	Preparation of Roadbed Including Parking Areas and Yards:  All slide material including culvert inlet and outlet debris, shall be removed and the existing roadbed, including parking areas shall be scarified, bladed, and shaped to reasonably close conformity with the line, grade, and cross sections shown on the plans or established by the Contracting Officer.  Any high places in the road‑bed shall be cut to grade and the resulting material hauled and deposited on low areas on fill slopes as directed by the Contracting Officer.  Should there remain any depressions or narrow embankments, sufficient approved material shall be obtained and placed to bring the width and/or surface of the roadway in reasonably close conformity with the lines, grades and cross sections shown on the plans or established by the Contracting Officer.  The road‑bed shall then be rebladed and reshaped.  At intersections, the roadbeds of side roads shall be treated similarly, as governed by the grading performed, to provide for proper joining of the proposed and existing riding surfaces.

3.2	CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

A.	Mixing:  Each course placed shall be mixed to its full depth by means of power graders, traveling mixers or other approved mixing equipment.  During the mixing, water shall be added in the amount necessary to provide the optimum moisture content for compaction.  Spreading shall be completed within 24 hours after mixing.

B.	Placing:  The material shall be placed on the prepared roadbed in layers of the uniform thickness with a spreader as shown on the plans.  Courses of(6 inches)150 mm  or less in thickness shall be placed in a single layer.  When a compacted thickness of more than 6 inches    (150 mm) is required, no layer shall exceed 6 inches (150 mm) nor be less than 3 inches (75 mm) when compacted.  Each layer shall be shaped and compacted before the succeeding layer is placed.
1.	Stationary‑Plant Method:  Mix aggregates and water until a uniform homogeneous mixture is obtained.  Do not dump materials in piles; place in layers of essentially uniform thickness, not to exceed   6 inches (150 mm) after compaction, by an approved spreader.  Tail gate spreading will be acceptable only with permission, under conditions such as where space limitations prohibit use of the spreader.
2.	Windrow Traveling‑Plant Method:  Place aggregates in windrows of such cross section and proportions that, when picked up, mixed, and redeposited in windrows, the finished mixture shall conform to the specified requirements.  Do not exceed the rated capacity of the traveling plant with the size of the windrow of the combined materials.  Add water, in quantity sufficient to provide the necessary moisture content for compacting, to the aggregates at the time of mixing.  Mix materials uniformly by the traveling plant, deposit in windrows of uniform cross section, and spread in a layer of uniform thickness to the required contour and grades.
3.	When hauling is done over previously placed material, hauling equipment shall be routed as uniformly as possible over the entire width of previously constructed layers.

C.	Compacting:  Immediately following final placing and spreading, each layer shall be compacted full width by approved means of compacting equipment.  Rolling shall progress gradually from the side to the center, parallel with the centerline of the road or parking area, and shall continue until all the surface has been rolled.  Irregularities or depressions that develop shall be corrected by loosening the material at these places and adding or removing material until the surface is smooth and uniform.  Along curbs, headers, and walls, and at all places not accessible to the roller, the base material shall be compacted thoroughly with approved tampers or compactors.
1.	Compaction of each layer shall continue until a density of not less than 95 percent of the maximum density determined according to AASHTO T 180, Method D, or other approved method, has been achieved.
   	2.	In‑place field density  determinations will be made according to AASHTO T 191, T 205, or other approved method.  The use of AASHTO T 224 to correct for oversize particles may be required.
   	3.	The Contracting Officer will make measurements of test holes at random during progress of the work to determine the depth of uncompacted layers required to produce the designated depth of material after compacting to the specified density.
   	4.	Cutting of the test holes and refilling with materials properly compacted shall be done by the Contractor under the supervision of the Contracting Officer.

D.	Thickness Requirements:  The thickness of the completed course shall not vary more than 1/2 inch (50 mm) from the thickness shown on the plans.

E.	Surface Requirements:  When directed by the Contracting Officer, the surface shall be tested with a 10 foot (3 m) straight‑edge furnished and operated by the Contractor.  Any areas where the surface variation exceeds 1/2 inch in 10 feet (50 mm in 3000 mm ) shall be reworked until the variation falls within this limit.

PART 4:  MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

4.1	METHODS OF MEASUREMENT

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WHEN A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT IS USED, DELETE THE TITLE PART 4:  MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT, AND BOTH ARTICLES FROM THIS SECTION.  MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT WILL BE ADDRESSED IN PART 4 OF SECTION 01009 OR SECTION 01010.

WHEN NOT A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT, SELECT APPLICABLE PHRASES; USE THE "NO MEASUREMENT" PHRASE WHEN NONE OF THE PAY ITEMS IN THIS SECTION ARE INCLUDED IN THE BID SCHEDULE.
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A.	Method:  The quantity to be paid for will be the number of cubic yards measured in the hauling vehicle at the point of delivery, or tons of material placed, compacted and accepted in the completed course.  Weighing of material shall be at Contractor's expense.  A weight receipt for each load of material shall be furnished by the Contractor.  BLM Form #DSC 9100‑3 ‑ Materials Receipt may be used for this purpose.

4.2	BASIS OF PAYMENT

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WHEN NOT A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT, SELECT APPLICABLE PHRASES; USE THE "NO DIRECT PAYMENT" PHRASE WHEN NONE OF THE PAY ITEMS IN THIS SECTION ARE INCLUDED IN THE BID SCHEDULE.

WHEN NOT A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT AND PAYMENT IS TO BE MADE UNDER THIS SECTION, SELECT APPLICABLE PAY ITEMS.  DO NOT CHANGE PAY ITEM NUMBER.  WHEN THERE IS MORE THAN ONE SIZE OF TRENCH OR BEDDING SPECIFIED ON THE PROJECT, THERE SHOULD BE SEPARATE PAY ITEMS FOR EACH TYPE.
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A.	General:  The accepted quantities, determined as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price per unit of measurement for the pay items listed below that are shown in the bid schedule, which price and payment will be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals  necessary to complete the work prescribed in this section.  Compaction water will not be paid for separately but will be considered as a subsidiary obligation of the Contractor incidental to work specified.
		Payment will be made under:

Pay Item	Pay Unit

02732(1)   Crushed Aggregate Base	Yard (Cubic Meter)
02732(2)   Crushed Aggregate Base	Ton
02732(3)   Crushed Aggregate Surface	Yard (Cubic Meter)
02732(4)   Crushed Aggregate Surface	Ton

END OF SECTION

CRUSHED STONE SURFACING
Project Name (ftr B)	[12/00]
02732 -