Level 2 Help for MAP3

INP

 STRING-INP=(IN,GEOM)
 INP is the input dataset to be projected where: IN (REQUIRED)
 is the input dataset filename. GEOM (OPTIONAL) is an IBIS dataset
 which, if supplied, must contain a valid set of GEOMA parameters
 capable of transforming the input frame from image space
 (geometrically distorted) to object space (undistorted). Such a
 dataset can be produced by OLDGEOMA2IBIS, or RESLOCVO(Viking Orbiters 1 and 2)
 or RESLOC or FARENC(Voyager). 


OUT

 STRING-OUT=OUTIMAGE
 OUT is the output version of IN.  Unless the NOGEOM parameter is specified
 (see NOGEOM Parameters write-up), it must be NL lines by NS samples, where
 NL and NS come from the size field, plus extra lines for labels. 


SIZE

 INTEGER-SIZE=(1,1,NL,NS) 
 SIZE is a standard VICAR size field with NL as the number of lines and NS
 as the number of samples. 


NL

 INTEGER-
 NL is the number of lines in the output dataset.


NS

 INTEGER-
 NS is the number of samples in the output dataset.


PLANET

 STRING-
 PLANET is the target body name, 12 characters fully spelled out.  This will 
 determine the planet radii and the SPICE.  
 THIS IS A PLANET DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER.


NOSEDR

 KEYWORD-(Valid:'NOSEDR)
 'NOSEDR requests for MAP3 to not read the project SEDR for pointing,
 trajectory, etc. data.  The user must input all relevent information. 


DNTHRESH

Specifies a DN threshold used only in interpolation mode. If, when
interpolating a dn value in the input file, one or more of the four
neighbors is less than or equal to DNTHRESH it will not be used
in the interpolation.
Several combinations of input dn values can occur.
Cases:
If 4 input neighbors are > dnthresh then interpolation is done.
If 3 input neighbors are > dnthresh the fourth is extrapolated and then
   interpolation is done.
If 2 input neighbors are > dnthresh the output pixel is determined from
   a linear weighting of the 2 good pixels.
If 1 input neighbor is > dnthresh it is copied to the output.
If all the input neighbors are <= dnthresh the output is determined from
   the nearest neighbor.


NOINTERP

 KEYWORD-(Valid:'NOINTERP)
 'NOINTERP will suppress interpolation between input DN values. Use nearest 
 neighbor to determine output DN.


NOGEOM

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'NOGE)
 NOGEOM will suppress the fetch of LGEOM. 


REFTIME

 INTEGER-REFTIME=(N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,N6)
 REFTIME is the reference time for the output projection. 
 Specifying REFTIME invokes the zonal differential flow correction (see
 the ZVP keyword). REFTIME specifies the time of the output projection
 to which the different input latitudes must be shifted using the
 zonal flow model. To correctly mosaic images of a gas planet, all the
 input images must be projected to the same reference time so that
 the different latitudes match.  Defaults to the same time as the input image
 (no zonal correction).Format is 6 integers, Nn, in the order:
           year day hour minute second millisecond.
 Example:  reftime=(92,88,56,2,33,0) in the same sense as the GLL sclk time
 found in the picture label; ie: year 1992 day 88...


ZVP

 STRING-
 ZVP is the name of the zonal flow file used by map3. Only used
 if REFTIME is specified and if the default name is inappropriate.


SHORT

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'SHORT) 
 Applicable for Viking Orbiter 1 and 2 ONLY, 'SHORT indicates that the
 SEDR input is NOT the master Viking Orbiter SEDR.  Instead it is a dataset
 containing a VICAR label and one other record of 2000 bytes containing
 one SEDR record. Such a dataset can be produced as an alternate output
 from VOLOG, the Orbiter logging program, or directly from a SEDR tape
 using VSAR. When a master SEDR file is in use, the DAS, FDS or FSC time
 is used to access the correct record in the file. If no corresponding
 entry appears in the dataset's directory, MAP3 abends. If SHORT is specified,
 the first non-label record is used and no check on FSC time is made. 


NOLABEL

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'NOLABEL)
 'NOLABEL will suppress certain label updating activities of MAP3. This
 parameter does NOT allow MAP3 to run on non-VICAR datasets and does NOT
 suppress the addition of several logical label records which
 mathematically describe the output projection. The logging programs for
 the standard missions usually generate several label records containing
 the latitude and longitude of the four corners and center of the input
 frame. Normally, MAP3 updates these labels using the same camera pointing
 information it uses to project the picture. The updated values may differ
 from their old values, but still refer to the input frame, not the
 output. Mariner 10 labels did not contain these entries, so MAP3
 creates them and fills them in. The primary use of NOLABEL was to
 suppress this activity for Mariner 10 frames in order to improve the
 picture to label size ratio on MASK'ed pictures. 


HALF

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'HALF)
 'HALF indicates that the input and output are halfword data.


BYTE

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'BYTE)
 'BYTE indicates that the input and output are byte data.


GEODET

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'GEODET)
 'GEODET indicates that CLAT and SLAT, entered by the user via the
 parameter list, are geodetic latitudes. They will be converted to
 geocentric before processing. 


NAM2

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'NAM2)
 'NAM2 specifies that the north angle is to be measured as if it were
 the angle from up of the planet spin axis projected on the image,
 i.e., the MAP3 convention. The default is that the north angle is
 measured as if it were the angle from up of the planet spin axis
 projected on the image after the cameras have been slewed to place
 the optical axis coincident with the planet center. This is the SEDR
 convention. 


MM71

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'MM71)
 'MM71 forces the program to assume a Mariner 9 input frame, regardless
 of the picture label.  The default is to obtain the project from the input
 image label.  THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER.


MVM73

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'MVM73)
 'MVM73 forces Mariner 10 processing, regardless of the picture label. 
 The default is to obtain the project from the input image label.
 THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER.


VI76

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'VI76)
 'VI76 forces Viking Orbiter 1 and 2 processing, regardless of the
 picture label.  The default is to obtain the project from the input
 image label.  THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER. 


VGR1

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'VGR1)
 'VGR1 forces Voyager-1 processing, regardless of the picture label. 
 The default is to obtain the project from the input image label.
 THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER. 


VGR1

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'VGR2)
 'VGR2 forces Voyager-2 processing, regardless of the picture label. 
 The default is to obtain the project from the input image label.
 THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER. 


GLL

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'GLL)
 'GLL forces Galileo processing, regardless of the picture label. 
 The default is to obtain the project from the input image label.
 THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER. 


NOPROJEC

 KEYWORD-(Valid - 'NOPROJEC)
 'NOPROJEC forces non-flight processing.  The default is to obtain the
 project from the input image label.


DAS

 INTEGER-DAS=N1
 Where N1 is an integer, DAS means the same as the FDS and FSC parameters. 
 They are available for user convenience.  N1 is the DAS(MM71), 
 FDS(MVM73, Voyager), or FSC(Viking Orbiter) time of the input picture. 
 It is necessary if data is to be obtained from a SEDR and is normally 
 obtained from the picture label.  THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER. 


FDS

 INTEGER-FDS=N1
 Where N1 is an integer, FDS means the same as the DAS and FSC parameters. 
 They are available for user convenience. N1 is the DAS(MM71), 
 FDS(MVM73, Voyager), or FSC(Viking Orbiter) time of the input picture. 
 It is necessary if data is to be obtained from a SEDR and is normally 
 obtained from the picture label.  THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER. 


FSC

 INTEGER-FSC=N1
 Where N1 is an integer, FSC means the same as the FDS and DAS parameters. 
 They are available for user convenience. N1 is the DAS(MM71), 
 FDS(MVM73, Voyager), or FSC(Viking Orbiter) time of the input picture. 
 It is necessary if data is to be obtained from a SEDR and is normally 
 obtained from the picture label.  THIS IS A FLIGHT RELATED PARAMETER. 


RADII

 REAL-RADII=(RA,RB,RC)
 RADII is the radii of the projected target.  RA, RB, RC are reals and
 each specify the following:
	RA is the long equatorial radius (km).
	RB is the short equatorial radius (km).
	RC is the polar radius (km).
 THIS IS A PLANET DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER.


LORA

 REAL-LORA=R1
 Where R1 is a real number, LORA is the longitude of RA (the long equatorial
 radius).  This parameter is only meaningful when RA does NOT equal RB (the
 short equitorial radius) and even then the prime meridian is usually defined
 at RA. The default is LORA=0.0.  THIS IS A PLANET DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


CSCALE

 REAL-CSCALE=R1
 Where R1 is a real number, CSCALE is the number of pixels per millimeter on
 the focal plane once geometric distortion is removed.  
 THIS IS A CAMERA DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


FOCL

 REAL-FOCL=R2
 Where R2 is a real number, FOCL is the camera focal length in millimeters. 
 THIS IS A CAMERA DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


CLINE

 REAL-CLINE=R3
 Where R3 is a real number, CLINE is the line in an object space picture at
 which the optical axis intersects the image plane. Default non-standard
 flight pictures is NLI/2, where NLI is the number of lines in the input
 picture.  THIS IS A CAMERA DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


CSAMP

 REAL-CSAMP=R4
 Where R4 is a real number, CSAMP is the sample of the optical axis. Default
 for non-standard flight pictures is NSI/2, where NSI is the number of samples
 in the input frame.  THIS IS A CAMERA DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


CAMERA

 INTEGER-CAMERA=N1
 Where N1 is an integer, CAMERA is the number specifying which camera took the
 picture. It is normally obtained from the picture label, and is needed to
 obtain the correct CSCALE, FOCL, CLINE and CSAMP values if they are defaulted.
 N1 has the following meaning according to each flight. 
	Mariner 9 and Mariner 10
		N1 = 1 for A Camera
		N1 = 2 for B Camera
	Viking Orbiter
		N1 = 1 for Viking Orbiter 1, A Camera, S/N=7
		N1 = 2 for Viking Orbiter 1, B Camera, S/N=4
		N1 = 3 for Viking Orbiter 2, A Camera, S/N=8
		N1 = 4 for Viking Orbiter 2, B Camera, S/N=6
		N1 = 5 for Ground Test Camera, S/N=5
	Voyager
		N1 = 1 for Voyager 1, Narrow Angle, S/N=7
		N1 = 2 for Voyager 1, Wide Angle, S/N=6
		N1 = 3 for Voyager 2, Narrow Angle, S/N=5
		N1 = 4 for Voyager 2, Wide Angle, S/N=4
 THIS IS A CAMERA DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER.


DISTOR

 KEYWORD-Valid:('DISTOR, 'IMAGE)
 DISTOR tells MAP3 the input frame has NOT been corrected for vidicon
 scene-dependent geometric distortion and causes a distortion correction
 to be included as well as a map projection. Thus there is no need to GEOM
 a frame twice to get a corrected map projection. DISTOR is superfluous if
 a GEOM dataset is supplied, since its presence automatically induces the
 correction.  For MM71, MVM73, and Viking Orbiter, default "nominal" GEOMA
 parameters are built into the program for each camera. If DISTOR is
 specified and a GEOM dataset is not provided, the nominals for the
 given camera are used. If neither DISTOR nor GEOM are given, the
 input image label is read to determine if geometric correction has
 been performed. THIS IS A CAMERA DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


IMAGE

 KEYWORD-Valid:('DISTOR,'IMAGE)
 See DISTOR.  IMAGE and DISTOR are synonyms.


OBJECT

 KEYWORD-Valid:('OBJECT)
 'OBJECT tells MAP3 that the input image is geometrically correct. OBJECT
 overrides the information obtained from the input image label as to the
 geometric state of the input image. OBJECT is the antonym of IMAGE
 and DISTOR.


CMATRIX

 REAL-CMATRIX=(R1,R2,...,R9)
 Rn is a real number and specifies the C-matrix in row major order
 (C11, C12, C13, etc.). This matrix transforms camera coordinates to
 reference frame coordinates. The reference frame is the Earth Mean
 Equator 1950.0 System. (See Reference (3) for details.)
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER used in method 1. 


MEMATRIX

 REAL-MEMATRIX=(R10,R11,...,R18)
 Rn is a real number and specifies the ME matrix in row major order
 (C11,C12,C13,etc.). This matrix tranforms planet coordinates to
 reference frame coordinates. The reference frame is the Earth Mean
 Equator 1950.0 System. (See Reference (3) for details.)
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER used in method 1. 


OMMATRIX

 REAL-OMMATRIX=(R19,R20,...,R27)
 Rn is a real number and specifies the OM matrix in row major order
 (C11, C12, C13, etc.). This matrix transforms planet coordinates to
 camera coordinates. The reference frame is the	Earth Mean Equator
 1950.0 System. (See Reference (3) for details.)
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER. 


VRVECTOR

 REAL-VRVECTOR=(R28,R29,R30)
 Rn is a real number and specifies, in order, the X, Y, and Z components
 of the VR vector. This is the vector from the target body center to the
 spacecraft in reference frame coordinates. THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER.


RSVECTOR

 REAL-RSVECTOR=(R31,R32,R33)
 Rn is a real number and specifies the RS vector. This is the vector from
 the target body center to the spacecraft in planet XYZ coordinates.
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER.
 


SLATITUD

 REAL-SLAT=R34
 Where R34 is a real number, SLAT along with SLON and RMAG are the spherical
 target body coordinates of the RS vector. They are used to compute the RS
 vector if QUAM, FARENC or TIEPTS is specified. Default for standard flights
 is to obtain all three from the SEDR.  SLAT is the subspacecraft latitude and
 SLON the subspacecraft longitude (west) in degrees. RMAG is the planet center
 to spacecraft range in kilometers. 
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER used in method 1. 


SLONGITU

 REAL-SLON=R35
 Where R35 is a real number, SLON along with SLAT and RMAG are the spherical
 target body coordinates of the RS vector. They are used to compute the RS
 vector if QUAM, FARENC or TIEPTS is specified. Default for standard flights
 is to obtain all three from the SEDR.  SLAT is the subspacecraft latitude and
 SLON the subspacecraft longitude (west) in degrees. RMAG is the planet center
 to spacecraft range in kilometers. 
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER used in method 1. 


RMAGNITU

 REAL-RMAG=R36
 Where R36 is a real number, RMAG along with SLAT and SLON are the spherical
 target body coordinates of the RS vector. They are used to compute the RS
 vector if QUAM, FARENC or TIEPTS is specified. Default for standard flights
 is to obtain all three from the SEDR.  SLAT is the subspacecraft latitude and
 SLON the subspacecraft longitude (west) in degrees. RMAG is the planet center
 to spacecraft range in kilometers.
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER used in method 1. 


TIME

 INTEGER-TIME=(N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,N6)
 Where Nn is an integer, TIME is the time (GMT) at which the frame was taken.
 The Nn's specify, in order, the year, day, hour, minute, second, and
 millisecond of the middle (ideally) of the exposure. Default is to obtain
 this data from the SEDR if available.  (The ME matrix is time dependent.)
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER. 


RTAS

 REAL-RTAS=R1
 Where R1 is a real number, RTAS is the right ascension (in degrees) of the
 target body's north celestial pole. Values for the inner five planets and
 the moon are built into the program. See Reference (1) for an illustration of 
 the meaning of right ascension and declination. THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER. 


DECLINAT

 REAL-DECLINAT=R2
 Where R2 is a real number, DECLINAT is the declination in degrees of the 
 target's north pole.  Values for the inner five planets and the moon are
 built into the program.  THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER. 


QUAM

 KEYWORD-Valid:('QUAM)
 'QUAM indicates the QUAM algorithm is to be used to obtain OM.	
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER.


CLATITUD

 REAL-CLAT=R4
 Where R4 is a real number, CLAT is the latitude, in degrees, of the point at
 the center of the input image -- more precisely , at the intersection of the
 optical axis and the planet's surface. Default is to obtain CLAT from the
 SEDR.  THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER . Used in QUAM algorithm.


CLONGITU

 REAL-CLON=R5
 Where R5 is a real number, CLON is the west longitude, in degrees, of the
 above point.  Default is to get CLON from the SEDR. 
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER.  Used in QUAM algorithm.


NORANGLE

 REAL-NORA=R6
 Where R6 is a real number, NORA is the angle of north in degrees. It is used
 as a VIEWING PARAMETER in the QUAM algorithm and also in the FAR ENCOUNTER
 algorithm. In the QUAM algorithm, NORA is measured in the image plane, at
 the optical axis, clockwise from up. Default is to obtain NORA from the SEDR.
 The NORA in the SEDR differs slightly from the NORA actually desired. The
 error is a complicated function of the camera pointing and spacecraft
 position, but is not significant except for very oblique viewing angles or
 when quantitative accuracy for mosaicking is desired.  NORA, as used in the
 FAR ENCOUNTER algorithm, is measured in the image plane at the subspacecraft
 point clockwise from up. Note the important difference in the definition of
 NORA in the QUAM and FAR ENCOUNTER algorithms. The default for NORA is the
 same as for the QUAM algorithm, with similar errors involved. In a far
 encounter frame, NORA can and should be measured directly from the image. 


ISSCPT

 REAL-ISSCPT=(R1,R2)
 Where Rn is a real number, R1 specifies the line and R2 the sample of the
 subspacecraft point in image space (the picture before it is corrected for
 camera distortion).  There are no defaults.  THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER. 


OSSCPT

 REAL-OSSCPT=(R3,R4)
 Where Rn is a real number, R3 specifies the line and R4 the sample of the
 subspacecraft point in object space (picture after it's been corrected for
 camera distortion).  There are no defaults.  THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER. 


TIEPTS

 REAL-TIEPTS=(R11,R21,R31,R41,R12,R22,R32,R42,...R1N,R2N,R3N,R4N)
 Where RnN is a real number, TIEPTS instructs MAP3 to use the tiepoints
 mode and that a tiepoints list follows.  This MUST be the LAST
 keyword specified.  R1N is the line coordinate in the input picture
 of the Nth tiepoint.  R2N is the sample of the Nth tiepoint.  R3N is
 the latitude of the Nth tiepoint in degrees.  R4N is the west
 longitude of the Nth tiepoint in degrees.  3<=N<=20 is expected.  If
 N<3 the program ABENDS. If N>20 only the first twenty points are
 used and a warning is printed.
 THIS IS A VIEWING PARAMETER used in method 5. 


MERCATOR

 KEYWORD-Valid:('MERCATOR)
 'MERCATOR forces MAP3 to generate a Mercator projection.  This
 projection maps the sphere, except for the two poles, onto a strip
 on the plane.  The width of the strip is equal to the scaled
 circumference of the planet at the equator.  It extends infinitely
 in both vertical directions.  Longitudinal lines project to the
 infinitely long, vertical straight lines which are equally spaced.
 Latitudinal circles become horizontal line segments whose spacing
 increases without limit as you approach the pole.  The Mercator is a
 conformal projection (scale errors at any point are equal in all
 directions, so shapes of small areas are preserved).
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


LAMBERT

 KEYWORD-Valid:('LAMBERT)
 'LAMBERT specifies a Two-Standard Lambert Conformal Conic
 projection.  In this projection, two latitudinal parallels on the same
 side of the equator are chosen as "standard".  There will be no
 scale error anywhere on these parallels.  In addition, a longitudinal 
 line is chosen as "central".  The projection is developed on a
 cone which intersects the planet at the standard parallels.  This
 cone is cut along the meridian 180 degrees away from the central
 meridian.  The result is that the sphere is mapped onto the region
 between two semi-infinite rays emanating from the projection of the
 pole in the same hemisphere as the standard parallels.  The opposite
 pole is the only point on the sphere which is not mapped.  Longitudinal
 meridians become semi-infinite rays emanating from the visible
 pole, but not at their true angle since all longitudes are confined
 to lie between the two outermost rays, each of which represent the
 meridian along which the cone was cut.  The central meridian is the
 only vertical line among the longitudinal meridians.  Latitudinal circles
 become circular arcs centered on the projected pole and confined
 between the outer longitudinal meridians.  The longitudinal rays are
 equally spaced.  The latitudinal circles are too widely spaced outside 
 the standards and too closely spaced between them.  The spacing of
 the latitudinal circles increases without limit as you approach the
 opposite pole.  As its name implies, this projection is conformal.
 Neither the Mercator nor the Lambert is a true perspective
 projection.  You cannot produce them with a model containing a
 globe, some paper, and a point source of light. 
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


STEREOGR

 KEYWORD-(Valid-'STEREOGR)
 'STEREOGR requests a Stereographic projection.  If POLE (see POLE
 parameter) is not specified and if LATITUDE (see LATITUDE
 parameter) does not specify + or - 90 degrees, an Oblique
 Stereographic projection results.  The stereographic is a true
 perspective projection.  A plane is placed tangent to the sphere at
 the center of projection.  Perspective lines emanate from the point
 on the sphere diametrically opposite from the center of projection.
 Thus the entire sphere, except for one point, is mapped to the entire
 plane.  Longitudinal lines and latitudinal circles project to ellipses
 whose spacing and orientation vary in a complicated way.  The
 projection is conformal.  Features are expanded more and more
 without limit as you move away from the center of projection.
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


CYLINDRI

 KEYWORD-(Valid-'CYLINDRI)
 'CYLINDRI requests the cylindrical (normal) projection.  This
 projection maps the sphere onto a strip on the plane.  The width of
 the strip is equal to the scaled circumference of the planet at the
 equator.  Longitudinal lines project to vertical lines which are
 equally spaced and extend from one pole to the other.  Latitudinal
 circles become horizontal lines whose spacing varies as the cosine
 of the latitude.  The cylindrical projection is an equal area
 projection. 
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER used in method 1. 


RECTANGU

 KEYWORD-(Valid-'RECTANGU)
 'RECTANGU requests the Simple Cylindrical (Rectangular) projection.
 This projection is similar to the Normal Cylindrical except that
 the spacing of the latitudinal circles (horizontal lines) is constant
 with and is equal to the spacing of the longitudinal lines.
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


ORTHOGRA

 KEYWORD-(Valid-'ORTHOGRA)
 'ORTHOGRA requests an Orthographic projection.  This is a true 
 perspective projection with perspective point at infinity.  The 
 projection plane is tangent to the planet at the center of
 projection.  Perspective lines are parallel to each other,
 perpendicular to the projection plane.  Thus one hemisphere centered
 at the center of projection is mapped to a circle on the plane of
 radius Req.  Longitudinal meridians and latitudinal circles map to
 ellipses.  Features are compressed relative to their true scale as
 you move away from the center of projection.  No point more than 90
 degrees away from the center can be projected.  This projection is
 frequently used by space projects because it makes the input frame
 appear much as it would from the spacecraft if it were directly
 above the center of projection (except for the stairsteps on the
 limb.-ed.)
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER used in method 1. 


POLE

 KEYWORD-Valid:('POLE)
 'POLE is only meaningful for Orthographic and Stereographic projections.
 It causes the center of projection to be the pole nearest the center of
 the input frame.  Polar projections are treated separately by MAP3 because
 many of the equations normally used have singularities when the center of
 projection is a pole.  In both polar projections (Orthographic and
 Stereographic) longitudinal meridians are straight lines intersectiong
 at the pole at their correct angles.  Latitudinal circles project to
 complete circles centered on the pole.  The difference between the
 two lie in the spacing of the latitudinal circles and the fact that
 the orthographic only fills a circular region on the plane of
 projection, not the entire plane.
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


OBCYLIND

 KEYWORD-Valid:('OBCYLIND)
 'OBCYIND requests the Oblique simple cylindrical projection (oblique
 rectangular).  Same as the rectangular projection but the planet can be
 rotated before performing the projection.  Neither conformal nor equal area.


SINUSOID

 KEYWORD-Valid:('SINUSOID)
 'SINUSOID requests the Sinusoidal projection.  Equal area.  Latitudes are
 horizontal parallel lines.  Longitudes converge on the poles.  Scale is
 true along straight central meridian and all latitudes.


OBSINUSO

 KEYWORD-Valid:('OBSINUSO)
 'OBSINUSO requests Oblique sinusoidal projection. Same as sinusoidal except
 the sphere can be rotated before the projection is performed.


MOLLWEID

 KEYWORD-Valid:('MOLLWEID)
 'MOLLWEID requests the mollweid projection. Equal area. Latitudes are
 straight parallel lines. Longitudes converge on the poles. Scale is true
 at latitudes +/- 40 deg 44 min.


TMERCATO

 KEYWORD-Valid:('TMERCATO)
 'TMERCATO requests the Transverse mercator projection. Same as Mercator
 except the central meridian is substituted for the equator, permitting both
 poles to be seen. Central meridian, other meridians 90 degrees distant,
 and the equator are straight lines.


PERSPECT

 KEYWORD-Valid:('PERSPECT)
 'PERSPECT requests the Perspective projection, as seen from a framing camera
 not at infinity.  This is the same as the VICAR "Object Space" with this
 difference:  the Perspective projection has in its label all the data 
 required to define the projection, whereas the Image/Object-space images
 require access to the SEDR/SPICE to get this information.


SOUTH

 KEYWORD-Valid:('SOUTH) 
 'SOUTH is meaningful only for the Lambert projection when the latitudes of
 the standard parallels are defaulted. It causes the defaults to have negative
 values regardless of the latitude of the center of the input frame. This
 is a rarely used parameter. THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


SCALE

 REAL-SCALE=R1 
 Where R1 is a real number, SCALE is the scale, in km/pixel, at the
 undistorted part of the projection.
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


LINE

 REAL-LINE=R1 
 Where R1 is a real number, LINE is used as a PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE
 PARAMETER.  Each is explained as follows:
                                  METHOD  


SAMPLE

 REAL-SAMPLE=R2
 Where R2 is a real number, SAMPLE is used as a PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE 
 PARAMETER. Each is explained as follows:
                                 METHOD 


LATITUDE

 REAL-LATITUDE=R3
 Where R3 is a real number, LATITUDE is used as a PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE
 PARAMETER .Each is explained as follows: 
                                 METHOD


LONGITUD

 REAL-LONGITUD=R4 
 Where R4 is a real number, LONGITUD is used as a PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE
 PARAMETER. Each is explained as follows: 
                                 METHOD


PAR1

 REAL-PAR1=R1
 Where R1 is a real number, PAR1 is the latitude in degrees of the 
 northernmost of the two standard parallels. Default is 59.17 for northern
 hemisphere input frames and -35.83 for southern. 
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


PAR2

 REAL-PAR2=R2 
 Where R2 is a real number, PAR2 is the southernmost of the two standard
 parallels. Default is 35.83 or -59.17. PAR1 and PAR2 must have the same sign
 or the projection is undefined.  THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


LIN1

 REAL-LIN1=R3 
 Where R3 is a real number, LIN1 is the line in the output frame  at which
 the northern standard parallel's projected arc is to intersect the central
 meridian.  THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


LIN2

 REAL-LIN2=R4
 Where R4 is a real number, LIN2 is the same as LIN1 but refers to the
 southern standard parallel.  THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


NORTH

 REAL-NORTH=R5
 Where R5 is a real number, NORTH is the angle in degrees of north in the
 output picture.  This angle is measured in  the projection plane at the
 center of projection clockwise from up.  NORTH need not be related to NORA,
 discussed in the Viewing Geometry section.  The default is to compute NORTH
 so that the center of projection and another point which lies on the same
 line in the input picture as the C.P. fall on the same line in the output
 picture. As long as the C.P. lies somewhere in the input frame this
 technique minimizes relative rotation from input to output.  If, due
 to the C.P. lying near the limb, the program is unable to perform
 the above calculation, the value of NORA obtained from the SEDR or
 parameter list is used.  If the C.P. lies near a limb and no SEDR is
 available, it is risky to default NORTH.  R5 in method 6 (Polar
 Stereographic and Orthographic) is meaningless  and is ignored in
 polar projections.  THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER (Oblique
 Stereographic and Orthographic).


PLATITUD

 REAL-PLAT=R1 
 Where R1 is a real number, PLAT is the latitude of an arbitrary point. 
 Default is the latitude of the center of the input picture. 
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


PLONGITU

 REAL-PLON=R1 
 Where R1 is a real number, PLON is the longitude of an arbitrary point. 
 Default is the longitude of the center of the input frame.  
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER used in method 7. 


PLINE

 REAL-PLINE=R1 
 Where R1 is a real number, PLINE is a line near which the point at (PLAT,PLON)
 will project.  Default is NL/2.  THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


PSAMPLE

 REAL-PSAMPLE=R1 
 Where R1 is a real number, PSAMPLE is a sample near which the point at  
 (PLAT,PLON) will project. Default is NS/2.  
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


RECENTER

 KEYWORD-Valid:('RECENTER) 
 'RECENTER turns on the recentering algorithms. It need be specified only if
 you want defaults for all of PLAT, PLON, PLINE, and PSAMPLE. Using this
 keyword alone forces the input picture to fall in the center of the output
 picture even if the LATITUDE and LONGITUDE parameters specify a point (or
 meridian) far outside the input frame.  
 THIS IS A PROJECTION DESCRIPTIVE PARAMETER. 


TARGET

Ex: TARGET=GANYMEDE specifies that GANYMEDE is the target in the input image.

The TARGET may be a planet, satellite, or asteroid.  If defaulted, the target
name is extracted from the VICAR label or determined by other TBD means.

A complete list of valid target names is located in the ASCII file assigned
the logical name (or environmental variable) BODY_IDS.


SPICEMODE

SPICEMODE=LOCAL specifies that SPICE data is to be retrieved from local
SPICE kernels.  SPICEMODE=REMOTE specifies that SPICE data is to be retrieved
via the SPICE server.  If SPICEMODE is defaulted, the logical name (or
environmental variable) DEFAULTSPICE is used to determine whether LOCAL or
REMOTE is used.  Note that if SPICE data is not found in LOCAL or REMOTE mode,
the other mode is attempted.


CKNAME

CKNAME is a four character string specifying the C-kernel to be used:

  CKNAME	C KERNEL
  --------      -------------
  DAVI		MIPS_DAVI.CK
  NAV		MIPS_NAV.CK
  FARE		MIPS_FARENC.CK
  NAV2		MIPS_NAV2.CK
  NEAR		MIPS_NEAR.CK
  AMOS		MIPS_AMOS.CK
  NAIF		the best NAIF kernel is used

If defaulted, the kernels are searched in the above order.


CKID

CKID is an alternative way to specify the prefered C-kernel (see CKNAME
parameter):

  CKID	  CKNAME	C KERNEL
  ----	  --------      -------------
  M906	  DAVI		MIPS_DAVI.CK
  M905	  NAV		MIPS_NAV.CK
  M904	  FARE		MIPS_FARENC.CK
  M903	  NAV2		MIPS_NAV2.CK
  M902	  NEAR		MIPS_NEAR.CK
  M901	  AMOS		MIPS_AMOS.CK
  varies  NAIF		there are a large number of these files

Ex:  CKID=M901 specifies the four character ID which uniquely identifies the
     C-kernel MIPS_AMOS.CK.

A complete list of the C-kernel IDs is located in the ASCII file assigned the
logical name (or environmental variable) KERNELDB.

If specified, CKID overrides the CKNAME parameter.


USERID

USERID is a three character string which identifies the user who created the
camera pointing.

Ex:  USERID=HBM identifies Helen Mortensen as the creator of the camera
     pointing.


GROUPID

GROUPID is a three character string which identifies the group which created the
camera pointing.

Ex:  GROUPID=040 identifies group 040 as the creator of the camera pointing.


INSTITUTE

INSTITUTE is a four character string identifying the facility which created
the camera pointing.

Ex:  INSTITUTE=MIPS specifies that MIPS created the camera pointing.


PURPOSE

PURPOSE is a four character string identifying the purpose of the observation
or the purpose of processing.  For example,
  PURPOSE=MOSA identifies the image as part of a mosaic sequence
  PURPOSE=COLO identifies the image as part of a color sequence


PROGRAM

PROGRAM is the first six characters of the program creating the camera pointing.

Ex:  PROGRAM=FARENC specifies that FARENC created the camera pointing.


SPKID

SPKID specifies the four character ID which uniquely identifies the
SP kernel used to create the camera pointing.  The SP-kernel IDs are located
in the ASCII file assigned the logical name (or environmental variable)
KERNELDB.

Ex:  SPKID=N015 specifies the SP kernel GLL_LONG_2.BSP


REQNUM

REQUNUM is a four character string identifying the IPL request number for
which the camera pointing was created.

Ex:  REQNUM=3456 identifies (somewhat) request number R123456


CDATE

Date and time the camera pointing was created in the form 'YEARMMDDHHMM'.

Ex:  CDATE=199602291200 specifies that the pointing was created at noon
     on February 29, 1996.


PRINT

The PRINT parameter prints computational information for the specified range
of output lines.  (By default this info is not printed.)  This is intended as 
an aid in interpreting the output image and as a means of checking Map3
operations.  (This data does not go into the session log.)

The first set of information printed is the GRID POINT INFO.  For a grid of
points in the output image, Map3 computes latitude, longitude, and the
corresponding line and sample coordinates in the input image.

The second set of information printed is the INFO FOR SOME OUTPUT POINTS.
This set usually contains fewer lines than the GRID POINT INFO. The two sets
are interleaved as Map3 works down through the output image.  Each set of
INFO FOR SOME OUTPUT POINTS is preceded by a header and can be distinguished
from the GRID POINT INFO by the presence of the output DN value.  (The
subsequent GRID POINT INFO follows the Output Point info without a separating
line or header.)  If the header "INFO FOR SOME OUTPUT POINTS" does not appear,
these lines in the output image are either zeros or not much greater than
the DNTHRESH value.  
There are two forms used for output point info.  If there is an asterisk
after the latitude and longitude, these values are approximate, being taken
from one of the adjacent grid points.  A better value can be obtained 
by interpolating between the adjacent four grid points, remembering that
these functions are often non-linear.  If there is no asterisk after
latitude and longitude, these values are precise.