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Maps showing geology, oil and gas fields and geological provinces of Africa

Metadata also available as - [Outline] - [Parseable text] - [DIF]

Frequently-anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

Title:
Maps showing geology, oil and gas fields and geological provinces of Africa
Abstract:
Map showing geology, oil and gas fields and geologic provinces of Africa in a data set designed originally in ESRI's ARC/INFO geographic information system, version 7.0.4.
Supplemental_Information:
The data set contains the following components:
COVER (directory)
   Contains original UNIX ARC/INFO (ver. 7.0.4) coverages in
   Robinson projection. The ARC/INFO coverages are
   supplemented by several files (total 30) in ARC/INFO
   INTERCHANGE format (where it was available). These files
   allow user to produce complete Map Composition of data at
   a scale 1:12,500,000 by using ARCPLOT subsystem.
COVER/geo2_7 (coverage)
   Surficial geology. Item "glg" in Feature Attribute Table.
COVER/prov2_7 (coverage)
   Geological Provinces that outline areas with common
   geological structures and petroleum systems. There are
   two additional items in the FAT, "code" - Geologic
   Province code and "name" - Geologic Province name.
COVER/fld2_7 (coverage)
   Centerpoints of Oil and Gas fields.
COVER/pol2_7 (coverage)
   Country boundaries.
COVER/llf2_7 (coverage)
   Latitude/Longitude grid with cell size 4 * 6 degree.
COVER/reg_2_7 (coverage)
   Boundary between region 2 (Middle East/North Africa and
   7 (Sub Saharan Africa). These regions are two of the
   eight regional subdivisions in the USGS Oil and Gas
   assessment of the World.
COVER/anno2_7 (coverage)
   Annotations for ocean names.
COVER/shore2_7 (coverage)
   Shoreline for Africa and surrounding areas
EXPRT_UX (directory)
   This directory contains several subsets of the data in
   export and ungenerate formats for use on UNIX systems: (
   1) ARC/INFO EXPORT data set (Robinson projection)
   consisting of eight files in ARC/INFO INTERCHANGE
   format (*.e00 files without compression). File names are
   correspondent to the original coverages names (see
   directory COVER). (2) ARC/INFO UNGENERATE files (ASCII
   comma delimeted) for four major coverages (*.gen
   extention). File names correspond to the original
   coverage names. (3) Attribute files (*.csv extention).
   Contains ASCII, comma delimeted files for the five
   feature attribute tables of the ARC/INFO coverages.
EXPRT_PC (directory)
  same contents as EXPRT_UX but for PC's not running UNIX.
PLOT (directory)
  Files to facilitate plotting and printing the map.
PLOT/afr_map (directory)
  Complete map composition for use in ARC/INFO ARCPLOT, a
  collection of *.gra files.
PLOT/prov2_7 (directory)
  Complete map composition without geology for use in ARC/
  INFO ARCPLOT, a collection of *.gra files.
PLOT/afr.hp2 (file)
  Plot file for all the data in HPGL2 format.
PLOT/provs.hp2 (file)
  Plot file for data without geology in HPGL2 format.
TEXT_UX (directory)
TEXT_UX/plot_aml (text file)
  AML file to produce complete Map Composition at a scale
  1:12,500,000 and to plot map composition automatically on
  HP650C plotter. To use this file the user must set actual
  full path name to the data or copy all the files to
  single directory (by Feliks Persits).
TEXT_UX/usgs_lab (text file)
  USGS headline text
TEXT_UX/source (text file)
  List of all the sources of the data
TEXT_UX/authors (text file)
  Who participated in Data Set creation.
TEXT_UX/pol_txt (text file)
  Text indicating political boundaries are for reference
  and are not definitive in any manner.
TEXT_UX/geo_rob (text file)
  Command file for PROJECT (Geographic to Robinson).
TEXT_UX/tr_rob (text file)
  Command file for PROJECT (Transverse Mercator to Robinson).
TEXT_UX/index (text file)
  Text for small index map showing Provinces and boundary
  between regions 2 and 7.
TEXT_UX/prov_key (text file)
  Key-legend file for Province outlines
TEXT_UX/pol_key (text file)
  Key-legend file for International boundaries
TEXT_UX/map_key (text file)
  Base key file for map legend
TEXT_UX/oil_key (text file)
  Key-legend file for Oil/Gas fields centerpoints
TEXT_UX/afr_shd (text file)
  Shadeset file
TEXT_UX/mapbar (text file)
  AML for drawing scale and scalebar (by B. Beeman)
TEXT_UX/afr_aml (text file)
  AML for ARCEDIT
TEXT_UX/pr_draw (text file)
  AML for Map Composition without geology.
TEXT_UX/afr_menu (text file)
  Menu file for geological attributing.
TEXT_UX/lut_txt (text file)
  Text file for look-up table that keeps symbols for every "glg" value.
TEXT_UX/afr_lut (text file)
  INFO Look-up table for POLYGONSHADE of "glg" item.
TEXT_UX/block_r (text file)
  Text for Projection description
TEXT_UX/fnt034 (text file)
  Pattern for afr_shd shadeset
TEXT_UX/of_name (text file)
  Open File report Number
TEXT_UX/ds_claim (text file)
  Text for disclaimer
TEXT_MAC (directory)
  same contents as TEXT_UX but with CR only at the end of each line
TEXT_PC (directory)
  same contents as TEXT_UX but with CR LF at the end of each line
VIEWS (directory)
  Data in formats compatible with ARCVIEW 3.0
VIEWS/afr_all.apr (directory)
  Project file for use with ARCVIEW 3.0
VIEWS/geo2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
  Surficial geology in shapefile format
VIEWS/fld2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
  Oil and gas field centerpoints in shapefile format
VIEWS/prov2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
  Geologic provinces in shapefile format
VIEWS/llf2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
  Graticule of latitude and longitude lines 4 x 6 degrees
  in shapefile format
VIEWS/pol2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
  Country boundaries in shapefile format
VIEWS/afr_geol.avl (ARCVIEW legend file)
  index names for geologic age
VIEWS/afr_age.avl (ARCVIEW legend file)
  geologic names without index
adob_aml (AML file)
  Commands used to produce complete Map Composition at a
  scale 1:12,500,000 by using ARCPLOT subsystem and to plot
  Map Composition automatically on HP650C plotter
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    Persits, Feliks, Tuttle, Michele, Charpentier, Ronald, Brownfield, Michael, and Takahashi, Kenneth, 1997, Maps showing geology, oil and gas fields and geological provinces of Africa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-470A, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado.

    This is part of the following larger work.

    U.S. Geological Survey, 1998, World energy data on CD-ROM: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-470.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -17.4
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: 63.36
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.3
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: -37.1

  3. What does it look like?

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Calendar_Date: 1997
    Currentness_Reference: publication date

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):

      • Entity point
      • Area point

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      The map projection used is Robinson.

      Projection parameters:
      Longitude_of_Projection_Center: 0
      False_Easting: 0
      False_Northing: 0

      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 1
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 1
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters

      The ellipsoid used is Sphere.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6370997.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/1.0.

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    Polygon of surficial geology
    Polygon features in coverage geo2_7 and corresponding ARCVIEW shape file geo2_7.dbf (Source: USGS)

    glg
    Geologic series. These values can be used with Look-up table /text/afr_lut in ARC/INFO or with legend file (.avl in ARCVIEW to plot colored geological map. (Source: USGS, values taken from original map legend.)

    ValueDefinition
    QQuaternary
    Qe 
    Qp 
    QTQuaternary or Tertiary
    TTertiary
    MzMesozoic
    TKTriassic - Cretaceous
    KCretaceous
    Kl 
    KJCretaceous - Jurassic
    JJurassic
    Jl 
    JTrJurassic - Triassic
    TrTriassic
    Trl 
    PzPaleozoic
    MzPzMesozoic - Paleozoic
    PPermian
    TrPTriassic - Permian
    KC 
    PC 
    JC 
    CCarboniferous
    CDCarboniferous - Devonian
    Du 
    DDevonian
    DSDevonian - Silurian
    SSilurian
    SOSilurian - Ordovician
    OOrdovician
    OCmOrdovician - Cambrian
    CmCambrian
    pCPrecambrian
    PzpC 
    Qv 
    Ti 
    Mi 
    MiPi 
    Pi 
    KimbKimberlite
    Salt Dome 
    Unmapped area 
    Open water 
    Sea 

    Geologic Province outlines
    Polygons in coverage prov2_7 and corresponding ARCVIEW shape file prov2_7.dbf (Source: USGS)

    code
    Arbitrary, unique, integer geologic province code (Source: USGS)

    Range of values
    Minimum:7000
    Maximum:7999

    name
    Name of geologic province (character) (Source: USGS unique subdivisions of petroleum geology for African continent.)

    Centerpoints of Oil and Gas fields
    Point features in coverage fld2_7 and corresponding ARCVIEW shape file fld2_7.dbf (Source: Petroconsultants International Data Corp.)

    Longitude
    Centerpoint longitude (attribute value matches geography) (Source: Petroconsultants International Data Corp.)

    Range of values
    Minimum:-17.4
    Maximum:63.36
    Units:Decimal Degrees
    Resolution:0.001

    Latitude
    Centerpoint latitude (attribute value matches geography) (Source: Petroconsultants International Data Corp.)

    Range of values
    Minimum:-37.1
    Maximum:38.3
    Units:Decimal Degrees
    Resolution:0.001

    Prov_code
    Integer unique value for each province. (Source: Petroconsultants International Data Corp.)

    Fie_id
    Integer unique value for each field. (Source: Petroconsultants International Data Corp.)

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    ARC/INFO coverage named /cover/pol2_7 and ARCVIEW shape file /views/pol2_7 created from ESRI's ArcWorld 1:3 million Map. This is a line coverage with many Items in Arc Attribute Tables. These Items are of minor importance for this Project.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: This is ESRI's ArcWorld 1:3 million ARC/INFO coverage.

  8. What are the components of this data set?

    COVER (directory)
    Contains original UNIX ARC/INFO (ver. 7.0.4) coverages in Robinson projection. The ARC/INFO coverages are supplemented by several files (total 30) in ARC/INFO INTERCHANGE format (where it was available). These files allow user to produce complete Map Composition of data at a scale 1:12,500,000 by using ARCPLOT subsystem.

    geo2_7 (coverage)
    Surficial geology. Item "glg" in Feature Attribute Table.
    prov2_7 (coverage)
    Geological Provinces that outline areas with common geological structures and petroleum systems. There are two additional items in the FAT, "code" - Geologic Province code and "name" - Geologic Province name.
    fld2_7 (coverage)
    Centerpoints of Oil and Gas fields.
    pol2_7 (coverage)
    Country boundaries.
    llf2_7 (coverage)
    Latitude/Longitude grid with cell size 4 * 6 degree.
    reg_2_7 (coverage)
    Boundary between region 2 (Middle East/North Africa and 7 (Sub Saharan Africa). These regions are two of the eight regional subdivisions in the USGS Oil and Gas assessment of the World.
    anno2_7 (coverage)
    Annotations for ocean names.
    shore2_7 (coverage)
    Shoreline for Africa and surrounding areas

    EXPRT_UX (directory)
    This directory contains several subsets of the data in export and ungenerate formats for use on UNIX systems: (1) ARC/INFO EXPORT data set (Robinson projection) consisting of eight files in ARC/INFO INTERCHANGE format (*.e00 files without compression). File names are correspondent to the original coverages names (see directory COVER). (2) ARC/INFO UNGENERATE files (ASCII comma delimeted) for four major coverages (*.gen extention). File names correspond to the original coverage names. (3) Attribute files (*.csv extention). Contains ASCII, comma delimeted files for the five feature attribute tables of the ARC/INFO coverages.
    EXPRT_PC (directory)
    same contents as EXPRT_UX but for PC's not running UNIX.
    PLOT (directory)
    Files to facilitate plotting and printing the map.

    afr_map (directory)
    Complete map composition for use in ARC/INFO ARCPLOT, a collection of *.gra files.
    prov2_7 (directory)
    Complete map composition without geology for use in ARC/INFO ARCPLOT, a collection of *.gra files.
    afr.hp2 (file)
    Plot file for all the data in HPGL2 format.
    provs.hp2 (file)
    Plot file for data without geology in HPGL2 format.

    TEXT_UX (directory)

    plot_aml (text file)
    AML file to produce complete Map Composition at a scale 1:12,500,000 and to plot map composition automatically on HP650C plotter. To use this file the user must set actual full path name to the data or copy all the files to single directory (by Feliks Persits).
    usgs_lab (text file)
    USGS headline text
    source (text file)
    List of all the sources of the data
    authors (text file)
    Who participated in Data Set creation.
    pol_txt (text file)
    Text indicating political boundaries are for reference and are not definitive in any manner.
    geo_rob (text file)
    Command file for PROJECT (Geographic to Robinson).
    tr_rob (text file)
    Command file for PROJECT (Transverse Mercator to Robinson).
    index (text file)
    Text for small index map showing Provinces and boundary between regions 2 and 7.
    prov_key (text file)
    Key-legend file for Province outlines
    pol_key (text file)
    Key-legend file for International boundaries
    map_key (text file)
    Base key file for map legend
    oil_key (text file)
    Key-legend file for Oil/Gas fields centerpoints
    afr_shd (text file)
    Shadeset file
    mapbar (text file)
    AML for drawing scale and scalebar (by B. Beeman)
    afr_aml (text file)
    AML for ARCEDIT
    pr_draw (text file)
    AML for Map Composition without geology.
    afr_menu (text file)
    Menu file for geological attributing.
    lut_txt (text file)
    Text file for look-up table that keeps symbols for every "glg" value.
    afr_lut (text file)
    INFO Look-up table for POLYGONSHADE of "glg" item.
    block_r (text file)
    Text for Projection description
    fnt034 (text file)
    Pattern for afr_shd shadeset
    of_name (text file)
    Open File report Number
    ds_claim (text file)
    Text for disclaimer

    TEXT_MAC (directory)
    same contents as TEXT_UX but with CR only at the end of each line
    TEXT_PC (directory)
    same contents as TEXT_UX but with CR LF at the end of each line
    VIEWS (directory)
    Data in formats compatible with ARCVIEW 3.0

    afr_all.apr (directory)
    Project file for use with ARCVIEW 3.0
    geo2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
    Surficial geology in shapefile format
    fld2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
    Oil and gas field centerpoints in shapefile format
    prov2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
    Geologic provinces in shapefile format
    llf2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
    Graticule of latitude and longitude lines 4 x 6 degrees in shapefile format
    pol2_7.shp, .shx, .dbf (shapefile)
    Country boundaries in shapefile format
    afr_geol.avl (ARCVIEW legend file)
    index names for geologic age
    afr_age.avl (ARCVIEW legend file)
    geologic names without index

    adob_aml (AML file)
    Commands used to produce complete Map Composition at a scale 1:12,500,000 by using ARCPLOT subsystem and to plot Map Composition automatically on HP650C plotter


Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

    Digital Map Compilation - Feliks Persits
    Geological Attribution - Feliks Persits, Thomas Ahlbrandt, Michelle Tuttle, Ronald Charpentier, Michael Brownfield
    Province Boundaries: Region 2 - Thomas Ahlbrandt, Region 7 - Michelle Tuttle
    Province Boundaries Digital Compilation - Lee Osmonson
    Oil and Gas Database - Tim Klett

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    U.S. Geological Survey, Central Energy Resource Team
    c/o Dr. Thomas Ahlbrandt
    Project Chief
    Mail Stop 939
    Box 25046
    Denver Federal Center
    Denver, Colorado 80225
    USA

    303-236-5776 (voice)
    303-236-8822 (FAX)
    ahlbrandt@usgs.gov


Why was the data set created?

The data provide government, geological community, consultants, and public with information on important geological basis used to define provinces and oil and gas fields for USGS oil and gas assessement of the world.


How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

    Paper Geologic Map (source 1 of 5)
    UNESCO, CGMW and , 1990, International Geologic Map of Africa: CGMW and UNESCO, Paris,France.

    Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
    Source_Scale_Denominator: 5,000,000
    Source_Contribution:
    All the five paper map sheets are used as the sources for creation the correspondent ARC/INFO coverages.

    Scanned images (source 2 of 5)
    USGS, Central Region, unpublished material, Binary and gray-scale images.

    Other_Citation_Details: Intermediate data
    Type_of_Source_Media: online
    Source_Scale_Denominator: 5,000,000
    Source_Contribution: Used as a background for digitizing in ARCEDIT.

    Mylar (source 3 of 5)
    USGS, Central Region, World Energy Resource T, Unpublished material, Mylar:, unpublished material.

    Other_Citation_Details: Intermediate data
    Type_of_Source_Media: Stable-base material
    Source_Scale_Denominator: 5,000,000
    Source_Contribution:
    Mylar used to extract geological boundaries from original paper map and produce binary scanned image.

    Centerpoints of Oil and Gas Fields (source 4 of 5)
    Petroconsultants International Data Corp., 1996, PetroWorld Database: Petroconsultants International Data Corp., Geneva, Switzerland.

    Other_Citation_Details:
    All data in Petroworld Database use Latitude and Longitude coordinates in Decimal Degrees.
    Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM
    Source_Contribution:
    Centerpoints of Oil and Gas Fields were reprojected to Robinson Projection and used as the layer on final ARC/INFO Map Composition.

    Country boundaries (source 5 of 5)
    ESRI, ArcWorld 1:3 million geographical data set.: ESRI, Redlands, CA, USA.

    Other_Citation_Details:
    There are many informational layers in this data set. Coordinates are Latitude and Longitude in Decimal Degrees.
    Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM
    Source_Scale_Denominator: 3000000
    Source_Contribution:
    The external source for country boundaries in ARC/INFO final Map Composition.

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: 1996 (process 1 of 2)
    Paper geological map digitizing.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    U.S. Geological Survey, Central Region
    c/o Feliks Persits
    USGS contractor
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Energy Resource Program
    Denver Federal Center, MS 939
    Denver, Colorado 80225
    USA

    303-236-4608 (voice)
    fpersits@usgs.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 9 a.m. - 5 p.m. local time U.S. Rocky Mountain Time Zone
    Data sources used in this process:
    • Paper Geologic Map

    Data sources produced in this process:

    • Transparent mylar copy, Binary and gray-scale images

    Date: 1997 (process 2 of 2)
    Scanning mylars and original paper maps on large format Anatech Eagle scanner. There were two copies of every map sheet - binary (after mylar scanning) and gray-scale (after original map scanning). Both image copies were in TIFF format at 200 dot/inch resolution.

    Data sources used in this process:

    • Paper geological maps
    • Mylars

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Commission for the Geological M, UNESCO, 1990, International Geological Map of Africa: CGMW and UNESCO with the financial support of BRGM, Paris, France.


How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

    Overall accuracy based on accuracy of general geology coverage. The scanned images of each of five sheets of original paper map (from UNESCO base geologic map) were transformed to Transverse Mercator projection with RMS error not more than 2500 m (0.5 mm in original paper map). No rubber transformation applied. Gray-scale images were used as a background in ARCEDIT digitizing. Maximum shift a line in a coverage from centerline of its copy on image did not exceed 1500-1700 m. Final plot of 1:5,000,000 scale was superimposed on a top of original map, maximum error did not exceed 3500 m.

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

    1. Original geological maps are of 500 m. maximum accuracy (0.1 mm on paper map of 1:5,000,000 scale) 2. Scanned images were of 200 dot/inch resolution (0.12 mm on paper). That is why fuzzy tolerance for CLEAN program in ARC/INFO was set to 500 m. Average positional accuracy can be evaluated as 1000 m (twice of fuzzy tolerance).

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    The generalizations of original geological map (UNESCO) were carried out: 1. Several geological age subdivisions on original (UNESCO) 1:5,000,000 geological map were combined into single units. For example, all Cretaceous combined into one unit. 2. All the Precambrian subdivisions were combined into one unit. This version of Geologic Province Boundaries are correct as of July, 1997.

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    Since Data set is collection of ARC/INFO coverages topological consistency are supported. Fuzzy tolerance has been maintained the same through all processing steps. Based on fuzzy tolerance value all undershoots and overshoots were detected and deleted. A comparison between color plot and original paper map was carried out by visual comparison. Color plots in 1:5,000,000 scale were superimposed on every of correspondent original map sheets. All detected errors in attributes were corrected.


How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints: None

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    USGS Information Services
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Box 25286, Building 810
    Denver Federal Center
    Denver, Colorado 80225
    USA

    1-888-ASK-USGS (voice)
    303-202-4693 (FAX)
    infoservices@usgs.gov

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    USGS Open-File Report 97-470A

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    Although these data have been processed on computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the Geological Survey regarding the utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.

  4. How can I download or order the data?

  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?

    To use coverage data you need to have ARC/INFO ver. 7.0.4 or higher installed. To use ARCVIEW data you need to have ARCVIEW 3.0 installed. If you dont't have ARC/INFO other similar data set is available in Adobe Systems, Inc., Portable Document Format(TM) (PDF). (You must download and install the Adobe(R) Reader, available at no charge from Adobe Systems, to view and print this version.)


Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 10-Sep-1999
Last Reviewed: 10-Sep-1999
Metadata author:
Feliks Persits
USGS Central Energy Resource Team
Mail Stop 939
Box 25046
Denver federal Center
Denver, Colorado 80225
USA

303-236-4608 (voice)
fpersits@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:


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