Effect of tillage system on growth, maturity and yield of corn and soybean
Entry ID:
PU.Agronomy.TillageSystem
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Summary
This experiment was initiated in 1976. In the previous years (1955-1975), the site had corn/soybean production with annual moldboard ploughing. It is estimated that between 1880-1955 there was mixed forage/grain production, ploughed two years in every five. Before 1880 the site was in native prairie grass. ... Rotations used in this experiment are continuous corn, corn after soybean, soybean after corn and continuos soybean. Treatments are the same on all rotations and are: 1) moldboard plough and secondary tillage, 2) Chisel plow and secondary tillage, 3) Ridge-plant and 4) No till plant SOIL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SITE a) Soil description Chalmers silty clay loam fine-silty, mixed, mesic Typic Haplaquoll. Mollisol. A and Ap - high O.M. content - developed in loess. Depth to 38cm. Bt and BC - significant swelling cracking clays. Prismatic structure grading to Blocky structure (primary) to 96cm. 2C - Glacial till and outwash. b) Soil properties Depth of root limiting layer: No root limiting layer Approximate water holding capacity: 30 mm per 1000 mm Approximate minimum cation exchange capacity: 20 mmol/kg Approximate maxiumum cation exchange capacity: 25 mmol/kg Approximate minimum soil organic matter content: 4% Approximate maximum soil organic matter content: 6% Approximate minimum soil bulk density: 1.3 g/cm3 Approximate maximum soil bulk density: 1.4 g/cm3 Percent clay: 32% Percent silt: 59% Percent sand: 9% Approximate minimum soil pH: 6.1 Approximate maximum soil pH: 6.7 Method of determining soil pH: pH measured in water MEASUREMENTS MADE DURING THE EXPERIMENT a) Vegetation measurements made and frequency Yield: Yearly Total dry matter offtake: Yearly b) Soil sampling Time zero soil measurements taken. Sampled in corn after harvest. Represents 32 sub-samples with a soil probe to a depth of 20 cm. Measurements = pH, P, K. Samples not stored, OM first sampled in 1981. Details of soil sampling method: Subsamples taken with a 2 cm wide soil probe, 20 subsamples/plot to 1981, 11 subsamples/plot 1985-1994, All 64 plots in 1981 and 1994. Selected plots in 1985. Soil is separated into layers. Details of measuring depths and soil layers: 1981: Soil separated as follows: 0-7.5, 7.5-15, 15-22.5, 22.5-30 cm. 1985 & 1994: Soil separated as follows: 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20 cm. c) Soil measurements made and frequency Total carbon: Twice in 1981 and 1994 Method of measuring total carbon: Determined by Melbius or Walkley-Black procedure. Soil bulk density or weight: Twice in 1981 and 1994. Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Troxler SC-120H Surface Density Guage (radioactive source) Other nutrients: pH, P and K d) Details of the meteorological station Nearest meteorological station to the site: West Layafette 6 N'W which is 2 km from the site at coordinates 87deg.0min. West, 40deg.28min. North. The meteorological station is automatic. e) Meteorological data available and frequency Rainfall: Daily Air temperature: Hourly Soil temperature: Daily at under grass at 10cm, under bare soil at 5, 10 and 20cm. depth Wind speed: Continuous Net Radiation: Hourly Sun hours: Continuous Relative humidity: Continuous EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 9.1 m Length of smallest plot is 31.6 m Slope: 0-2% . Shape: Concave Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel to long-axis of plot Width of Bare Strip around plot: 0.76m Width of Discard Strip around plot: 3m This information was compiled for the GCTE-SOMNET Database, Pete Smith, Pete Falloon, David Powlson, and Jo Smith. Soil Science Department, IACR-Rothamsted, UK.
Geographic Coverage
Spatial coordinates
N: 40.47 |
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S: 40.46 |
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E: -86.09 |
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W: -87.01 |
Min Depth: SURFACE
Max Depth: 20CM
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Temporal Coverage
Location Keywords
Science Keywords
ISO Topic Category
Platform
Quality
There are at least 4 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a restricted randomized plot design. Split plot design with crop rotation as main plot and tillage system as subplot. There are control plots described as follows: Fall moldboard ploughing, most common practice on this soil for the previous 100 years, was included as a control. Yield data was analysed using Student-Newman-Keuls test and coefficient of variation. Years was included as a fixed variable.
Access Constraints
none
Use Constraints
Link to the following location to view data use policy of SOMNET members: http://saffron.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/somnet-expts
Ancillary Keywords
Data Center
Personnel
JOHN
G.
GRAVEEL
Role:
TECHNICAL CONTACT
Phone:
765-494-8060
Email:
jgraveel at purdue.edu
Contact Address:
Department of Agronomy
Lilly Hall of Life Sciences
915 W. State Street
Purdue University
City:
West Lafayette
Province or State:
Indiana
Postal Code:
47907-2054
Country:
USA
TYLER
B.
STEVENS
Role:
DIF AUTHOR
Phone:
(301) 614-6898
Fax:
301-614-5268
Email:
Tyler.B.Stevens at nasa.gov
Contact Address:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Global Change Master Directory
City:
Greenbelt
Province or State:
MD
Postal Code:
20771
Country:
USA
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Publications/References
Griffith, D.R., Kadivko, E.J., Mannering, J.V., West, T.D. & Parsons, S.D. (1988) Long-term tillage and rotation effects on corn growth and yield on high and low organic matter poorly drained soils. Agron. J. 80: 599-605. Kladivko, E.J. & Larney, F.L. (1988) Spatial distribution of soil structural properties ... under conservation tillage systems. Proc. ISTRO 11th Int. Conf. Vol. 1: 73-78. Kladivko, E.J., Griffith, D.R. & Mannering, J.V. (1986) Conservation tillage effects on soil properties and yield of corn and soy beans in Indiana. Soil & Tillage Res. 8: 277-287. West, T.D., Griffith, D.R., Steinhurst, G.C., Kladivko, E.J. and Parsons, S.D. (1996) Effect of tillage and rotation on agronomic performance of corn and soybean - a 20 year study on dark silty clay loam soil. J. Prod. Agric. (in press).
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date:
1999-09-21
Last DIF Revision Date:
2008-10-01
Future DIF Review Date:
2000-09-21
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