Search the National Biological Information Infrastructure Metadata Clearinghouse for more biological information.

When you connect to the NBII Metadata Clearinghouse you will be able to search through metadata-based descriptions of biological data sets and information products from many different sources to identify those that meet your particular search criteria.

The NBII Metadata Clearinghouse: http://metadata.nbii.gov/

The NBII Home Page: http://www.nbii.gov/

Powered by Mercury

Prediction of thistle infested areas in Badlands National Park using a GIS model

Metadata:


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Maribeth Price and Jason Tinant, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
Publication_Date: 20000814
Title:
Prediction of thistle infested areas in Badlands National Park using a GIS model
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: maps data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: unknown
Publisher: National Park Service
Description:
Abstract:
Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) is a highly invasive, noxious weed that is widespread throughout the Badlands National Park. This study sought to identify significant correlations between known thistle occurrences and environmental parameters including soils, geology, vegetation communities, slope, aspect, distance to water, distance to roads, and satellite-derived vegetation (NDVI) and moisture indices. Two approaches were tried, a logistic multiple linear regression, and a statistical frequency analysis. Three maps were produced, including a probability map based on the regression, a Z-score map based on the frequency analysis, and a combination map including both approaches. Significant factors correlating with thistle occurrence include soils, geology, vegetation communities, slope, and NDVI. The accuracy of the maps was assessed against known thistle infestations in the park. The maps show areas where thistles are likely to become established and spread, but do not well predict where thistles may be found at any given time.
Purpose:
This study sought to identify significant correlations between known thistle occurrences and environmental parameters including soils, geology, vegetation communities, slope, aspect, distance to water, distance to roads, and satellite-derived vegetation and moisture indices. The rugged nature of the Burns Basin area of the Badlands National Park makes field identification of thistle-infested areas both cost and time prohibitive. A map showing areas where thistles are likely to grow or spread can reduce the time and effort required to search for and locate infestations. In addition, a predictive thistle model will aid in guiding management decisions in the application of Tordon.
Supplemental_Information: (previous geoform was 'map')
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date_Time:
Calendar_Date: 1998
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Burns Basin of Badlands National Park
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -102.259488
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -102.018042
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.892013
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.730691
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Theme_Keyword: soils
Theme_Keyword: geology
Theme_Keyword: vegetation communities
Theme_Keyword: slope
Theme_Keyword: NDVI
Theme_Keyword: invasive
Theme_Keyword: noxious
Theme_Keyword: aspect
Theme_Keyword: distance to water
Theme_Keyword: distance to roads
Theme_Keyword: satellite-derived vegetation
Theme_Keyword: moisture indices
Theme_Keyword: herbicide treatment
Theme_Keyword: Tordon
Theme_Keyword: picloramine compound
Theme_Keyword: Dow Chemical
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Place_Keyword: Badlands National Park
Place_Keyword: South Dakota
Place_Keyword: SD
Taxonomy:
Keywords_Taxon:
Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cirsium arvense
Taxonomic_Keywords: Canada thistle
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Plantae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tracheobionta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Division
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnoliophyta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnoliopsida
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Asteridae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Asterales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Asteraceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cirsium
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cirsium arvense
Applicable_Common_Name: Canada thistle
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints: none
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Eddie Childers
Contact_Organization: National Park Service
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing
Address: P.O. Box 6
City: Interior
State_or_Province: South Dakota
Postal_Code: 57750
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (605) 433-5263
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Eddie_Childers@nps.gov
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Maribeth Price and Jason Tinant, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
Publication_Date: 20000814
Title:
Predition of thistle infested areas in Badlands National Park using a GIS model
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Back to Top
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
In order to assess the accuracy of the probability map, thistle data was collected along four transects in the park. The transects were chosen to cross a range of Z-scores on the map, cross navigable terrain as much as possible, and start and end near roads. Approximately every 150 meters along each transect, all the thistles were counted or estimated within a circle 20 m in diameter. The circle was defined using a rope 10 m long, attached to a stake. The person at the center of the circle counted thistles between the center and a knot at 5 meters on the rope, while the other person walked around the circle holding the rope and counted thistles between the end of the rope and the knot. In thick infestations, thistles were estimated by watching the rope crossing the thistles and estimating every time groups of 10 or 20 or 50 thistles were crossed, depending on the thistle density. In the accuracy assessment, values were determined for the regression probability map, the Z-scores map, and the combined Z-score/regression map for each point in the transects, as well as for each point in the original BADL thistle survey. Each transect point was classified as thistle or no-thistle. All of the BADL survey points were considered thistle points. The distribution of thistle points and non-thistle points falling within three probability ranges were then compared. Because the BADL points were used in the original regression and probability model, those values were tallied separately from the transect values.
Logical_Consistency_Report: no dangling nodes, etc. Anything else along these lines.
Completeness_Report: Dataset is complete
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Identifier:
Methodology_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Methodology_Keyword: map of thistle locations
Methodology_Description:
The study sought to identify significant correlations between known thistle occurrence and environmental parameters including soils, geology, vegetation communities, slope, aspect, distance to water, distance to roads, and satellite-derived vegetation and moisture indices. A horseback survey of the Burns Basin in 1998 provided a map of known thistle locations. The environmental parameters comprised a series of GIS layers obtained from BADL and other sources. Two distinct approaches were applied to develop a GIS model of thistle-infestation probability. Numeric parameters, including the slope, distance, and satellite indices were amenable to analysis by logistic multiple linear regression. The thematic variables, including soil, geology, vegetation community, and aspect, are not suitable for regression analysis, so a statistical approach was applied in assessing the frequency of thistle infestation in particular classes. The final product is a map showing the probability of thistle infestation for the Burns Basin. Three maps are presented, one based on the regression alone, one based on the frequency analysis alone, and one combining the two approaches.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
A logistic multiple linear regression was applied to the following GIS data layers: slope, distance to streams, distance to water bodies, distance to wetlands, distance to roads, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI). Slope was calculated from the standard USGS 30m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) products obtained from BADL. The distance to roads, streams, water bodies, and wetlands was calculated from the GIS layers of these features obtained from BADL and based on the USGS 1:24,000 Digital Line Graph products. The spring and fall NDVI and NDMI values were derived from a May 03, 1998 and November 17, 1998 Landsat TM image. NDVI is an index of greenness that correlates roughly with biomass and is calculated as NDVI = (B4-B3)/ (B4+B3), where B3 and B4 are Bands 3 and 4 of a Landsat TM image, corresponding to measured red and near-infrared reflectance. NDMI is an analogous index sensitive to soil moisture and is calculated NDMI = (B4-B5)/ (B4+B5).

In order to perform a logistic regression, it was necessary that the locations of some thistles as well as an approximately equal number of thistle-free locations be known. The known thistle locations were derived from a horseback GPS survey conducted in 1998 by BADL within the Burns Basin Wilderness area. The survey tallied a total of 120 point locations representing thistle infestations 0-5 acres in size, and mapped approximately 40 polygons of intensive thistle growth with a total area of 1.4 x 106 m2. To produce point locations free of thistles, we generated approximately 160 randomly distributed locations within the study area, excluding those that occurred within the mapped thistle polygons, or within 90 meters of a mapped thistle point. (A five-acre circle corresponds to a circle 80 m in diameter.) However, one must be aware that there is a chance that a thistle-free location actually contains thistles that were not mapped by the BADL survey. The random non-thistle and known thistle locations were then combined to produce a single data set for the logistic regression.

Process_Date: Unknown
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Because logistic regression can only be performed on numeric variables (such as slope), analysis of the discrete variables geology, soil type, aspect, and vegetation types was performed using a probability prediction model. In this model, one assumes that if thistles were randomly located, the number of thistles found in each cover type would be proportional to the area fraction of the cover type in the study unit. One can thus compare the expected number of thistle locations to the observed number to determine cover types for which thistles seem to show an affinity or aversion. A Z-score representing the statistical significance of the apparent affinities or aversions may be calculated.

Polygon coverages of each of the variables were provided by BADL. Each coverage was clipped to the study area boundary. Area fractions qi of each occurring class (e.g. geologic unit) were computed for the study area. The number of thistle points Ni falling within each class was determined, with the total observed points N = SNi. The predicted number of thistle points for each class Ei was also determined as the mean of the binomial distribution function Ei = Nqi, and a 2s confidence interval about this mean was calculated using the formula for the standard deviation of the binomial distribution function s = [Nqi(1-qi)]0.5. Classes for which the observed thistle locations fell outside the 2s confidence interval of the predicted locations were considered to have a significant correlation (positive or negative) with thistle growth.

For each cover type a Z-score was calculated using Z = (Ni - Ei) / [Nqi(1-qi)]0.5 to show the number of standard deviations that the observed value falls from the expected value. A positive Z-score greater than 2 indicates a less than 5% probability that this number of points occurred in that particular cover type by chance. A negative Z-score less than •2 indicates that far fewer thistle points were observed in that unit than would be expected by chance. Thus a negative Z-score less than 2 suggests that thistles show an aversion to the cover type, and positive Z-score greater than 2 suggests that thistles show an affinity for that cover type.

Process_Date: Unknown
Back to Top
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Back to Top
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 13
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -105.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 10.000000
Ordinate_Resolution: 10.000000
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi_major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222
Back to Top
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Geology
Entity_Type_Definition: geologic formations
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Geol_Unit
Attribute_Definition: geological formation
Attribute_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qa
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary Alluvium
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qe
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary Eolian Sand
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qoa
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary Older Alluvium; terraces
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Tb
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: TertiaryBrule Formation; clay, silt, sand, volcanic ash
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Tc
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Tertiary Chadron Formation; sand, clay
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: SOILS
Entity_Type_Definition: Soil type
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Soil
Attribute_Definition: soil type
Attribute_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: BoB
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Blackpipe Wortman complex
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Bp
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Badland
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: CeA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Cedarpass silty clay loam
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Cfa
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Cedarpass-Denby complex
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: DmA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Denby silty clay
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Ch
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Cedarpass-Interior-Badland complex
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: FaE
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Fairburn clay loam
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: KtA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Kyle clay
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: WwB
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Wortman silt loam
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Vegetation
Entity_Type_Definition: Vegetation types
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: veg_code
Attribute_Definition: vegetation code
Attribute_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 16
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 17
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Park Service
Back to Top
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Eddie Childers
Contact_Organization: National Park Service
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing
Address: P.O. Box 6
City: Interior
State_or_Province: South Dakota
Postal_Code: 57750
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (605) 433-5263
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Eddie_Childers@nps.gov
Distribution_Liability:
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the National Park Service, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the accuracy or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from a National Park Service server, and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data. The National Park Service shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein.
Custom_Order_Process: Please contact distributor.
Back to Top
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20010501
Metadata_Future_Review_Date: 20010501
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Cheryl Solomon
Contact_Organization: Science Systems and Applications, Inc.
Contact_Position: Metadata specialist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 10210 Greenbelt Road, Suite 500
City: Lanham
State_or_Province: Maryland
Postal_Code: 20706
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301 867-2080
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-867-2149.
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: solomon@gcmd.nasa.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name:
FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
Metadata_Access_Constraints: none
Metadata_Use_Constraints: none
Back to Top