Go to: Thomas Jefferson: an American Man for All Seasons
Papers and Correspondence
| Main Page
Table of Contents
| Catalog record and links to related information from the Library of Congress catalog
A Abortion, Indian use of, 186. Adams, Abigail, letters to, 809-12, 830-32, 889- 90, 1144-46. Adams, John, 46, 54-58, 75-77, 591, 632, 978; bonds issued by, 77; on charac- ter of, 884 85; Declaration commit- tee, 17; and Federalists, 671-72. Letters to: on abiding friendship im- mune to slander, 1480-82; on age and metaphysics, 1382-84; on aristoc- racy, natural and pseudo, 1305-10; on Assembly of Notables, 906-08; Bar- bary states, war on, 855-57; on Bo- naparte and Plato, 1339-43;' on Calvin and cosmology, 1466-70; on communications, 759; on the Consti- tution, 912-14; on Europe's past, present, and future, 1374-77; on ex- periments in government, 1033-35; first letter, 758-60; on Indians, 1260- 64; on Jesus and Christianity, 1300- 04; on old politics, 1277-79; on pref- ace to Paine's Rights of Man, 980-82; reconciliation, 1258-60; on represen- tation, 759; on 1796 election and Hamilton, 1040-41; on south of France and Italy, 897-99; on Univ. of Va., neology, and materialism, 1440-45; on opposition to T.J., 695; to Rush on break with, 1235-39; tax- ation debate, Articles of Confedera- tion, 25-26; Vice-President, elected as, 75; voting debate, Articles of Confederation, 29-30. Adams, Samuel, 1419, 1422. Addison, Joseph, lines from, 617. Admiralty court, in Virginia, 257. Africa, 528, 969, 1082; on colonization by American slaves, 1098, 1239-41, 1484-88. Agriculture, 495, 970, 972; big farm v. small garden, 1249; cattle feed, 1405; depression in, 1515; English practices, 894.; European, need to observe, 659; French practices, 894; on gypsum use, 1732; on horizontal plowing, 1405-07; Indian agriculture, 164, 520, 556, 559-62, 1115, 1119; international exchanges in, 1200-02; livestock feed, 1019-21; manuring practices, 894, 895, 1021; on Merino sheep raising, 1223-25; national society of, 1133; olive trees, 703; one-piece wheel used by New Jersey farmers, 877, 878; plows, 650, 651, 1021-22, 1193; Rhineland agricultural prices, 646; rotation of crops, 1016, 1078-22, 1249; seeding, 1027; small farmer, 842, io2g; threshing machine, 1009; upland rice, 703; Virginia crops, 164, 165; virtues of farming, 301, 818, 918, 1029, 1144. Aix-en-Provence, mineral waters of, 65, 885, 897. Alabama Indians, 546. Albermarle, addresses to people of, 491, 550. Alcoholic beverages, drunkenness in Europe and America, 834; Indian problems with, 555; personal habits of T.J., 1416. Aldermen, 366, 367. Alexander 1, 1109, 1110, 1222, 1276, 1340; letter to, 1161-62. Alexander the Great, 93. Alexandria, 131, 140, 233, 234. Alfred the Great, 1326-28. Algiers, 59, 60, 540, 545, 821. Alien and Sedition Laws, 1060, 1063; Kentucky resolutions on, 449-56; Virginia resolutions on, 479. Aliens, national bank and laws regarding, 416; rights in Virginia, 281. Allegheny Mountains, 127, 142-44, 534. Allegheny River, 138. Alvensleben, 70. American Revolution, causes of, 24243; cruelties of British during, 59091; disbanding of troops after, 573, 582; France, effect in, 6z-63, 936; French aid, 757, 760; Indian support in, request for, 551-54; Lexington and Concord battles, 747; Long Island battle, 753-54, 757-58; marksmanship of American soldiers, 760; Massachusetts, on role of, 1418-20; misrepresentations by British, 571-74, 760; prisoners of war, 764-73; Yorktown campaign, 775-77. Amethysts, in Virginia, 152. Amsterdam, 67; attack on, 70; travel journals on, 629-31. Anas, the, selections from, 661-96. Ancestry, Jefferson, 3. Ancien regime, 95. Andernach, 636. Andes Mountains, 154. Anglican Church, 34, 35, 283; William and Mary College and, 43. Anglo-Saxon language, 465-66, 1297, 1298, 1502-06. Angora goats, 646, 649. Animal magnetism, 974. Animals (See also specific animals), 165-182; bones for French institutions, 1189-92; on classifications of, 13233; growth of, 169- 82, 801; hoofed mammals in America and Europe, 909-10; laws in Virginia regarding, 261; Lewis' descriptions of, 1389. Annapolis, Congress at, 47, 664; state assembly at, description of, 737-38; Treaty of Paris ratification debate, So-S4. Antimony, 1209. Antoinette, Marie, 80, 92, 93, 907. Antoninus, 1121, 1124. Appalachian Mountains, 142. Appalachian River, 142. Appeals court, in Virginia, 257, 3443. Appomattox River, 129. Archaeology, brickworks of Indians, 864- 65; burial mound of Indians, 223-26. Archimedes' screw, 627-28, 1290-91. Architecture, 869; for academical village, 122- 23; in Amsterdam, 629; brick and stone v. wood construction, 2780; on Capitol, 976; capitol building for Virginia, 822, 828-29, 845-47; in England, 853; European, need to observe, 660; French countryside, 650; Heidelburg castle, 646-47, 921; Hessian castle near Hanau, 639; Hope's house in Hol- land, 632-33; Jeffersonville town plans, 1117; Mason carree at Nismes, 830, 845-46, 891-93; military, 463, 1441-42; naval, 1441-42; on Presi- dent's house, 976; prison design, 41- 42, 847-48; on Roman ruins in France, 891-92; Rudesheim tower, 641; Univ. of Va. plan, 458, 1152; in Virginia, 278-80, 853; on Washington city plans, 975-76; yellow fever re- duced by city planning, 1157. Arcives (See State papers) Aristocracy, 963-64; abuses of, 859-60; American alternative, 1309; American students, effect on minds of, 838-39; Cincinnati Society and, 584, 587; firearms and, 1305; French nobility and revolution, 78, 82-85, 91, 94; in legislatures, 1306; on natural and pseudo- aristocracy, 1304-10; revision of laws of Virginia to eradicate, 44; of virtue and talent, 32; of wealth, 32. Armenia, 155. Arminius, 634. Arnold, Benedict, 773-74, 775, 1409-10. Arrowsmith, Aaron, 1313. Arson, 357-58. Art, in Europe and America, 83,+; European, need to observe, 660; introduction into America, need for, 828-30; tastes of T.J. in, 921; Univ. of Va. instruction in, 468. Articles of Confederation, critique of, 71, 75, 575-79, 663, 698; early debate, 24-31; regulation of commerce under, 575-78, 804- 08, 821, 836, 848-49; representation debate, 28-31, 760; state disputes, handling of, 578-79; taxation under, 25- 27, 75, 575, voting right for each colony, 28-31; weakness of Congress under, 71, 698, 798. Asbestos, in Virginia, 156. Asia, Indian origins in, 226-27. Asparagus, 650. Assembly of Notables (France), 63-65, 78, 879, 890, 892-93, 906-08, 931-32, 9338. Astronomy, 923, 926, 1064, 1214; an eclipse, 762-63; Rittenhouse's achievements in, 190, 191, 762-64. Athletics, 468, 816. Attica, 155. Auditors, Virginia board of, 258. Augusta, 560. Austin, Benjamin, letter to, 1369-72. Austin, David, 497. Autun, Bishop of, 393. Aviaries, 630-31; at Heidelberg, 647. Avignon, 896. B Bache, Richard, 1052. Bacon, Francis, 939-40. Baden, 649. Bailly, Jean, 91-92. Balloons, hot air, British Channel crossing attempt, 809, 811; letter to Turpin describing, 794-97. Baltimore (town of), 234, 566. Baltimore, Lord, 127, 238. Banister, John, Jr., letter to, 837-40. Bankruptcy, 836, 888. Bank of the United States (See National bank) Banks and Banking, reformation of, 1283-86. Banneker, Benjamin, letter to, 98283. Baptism, 283. Barbary states, 59-61, 502-03, 545, 821; peace with, 527; war proposed by T.J., 855-57. Barlow, Joel, 697; letter to, 1160. Barron, James, 539. Barruel, Abbe, 1076-77. Barton, Benjamin, 697; letter to, 1212-13. Bartram, William, 175. Basques, 379. Bastille prison, 64, ,90 91. Bastrop, Baron, 534. Bayard, James A., 694. Bayonne, 953. Bayou Pierre, 524. Beccaria, Cesare Bonesana, 40, 1176. Beggars, 259, 649, 652Bellini, Charles, letter to, 83z-34. Benedictine monks, 656. Bennington, 980. Bergstrasse mountains, 644, 649. Berthelot, Pierre, 926. Beverley, Robert, 303. Bidwell, Barnabas, letter to, 1163-66. Big Bones Lick, 157. Bill of Rights, on need for, 915-16, 919, 930, 939, 942-45. Bingham, Anne Willing, letters to, 887-89, 922-23. Binns, John Alexander, 1133. Birds, aviaries, 630-31, 647; in Germany, 638; list of designated American birds, 193-97; along Mississippi River, 132; mockingbird, 8n, 896; nightingale, 811, 896; thrush, 811; whippoorwills, swallows, and martins, 969. Bishop, Samuel, 497. Bland, Richard, 304. Blenheim gardens, 626-27. Blowing cave, 147. Blue Licks, 157. Blue Ridge Mountains, 142-44, 1205-06. Bois de Boulogne, 593. Bolingbroke, Henry St. John, Viscount, on writings of, 1451-52. Bonaparte, Napoleon, 53, 93, 1075, 1133, 1164, 1165, 1199, 1217-19, 1221, 1272, 1340, 1360-61, 1369-70, 1410. Bonds, U.S., 77. Bonn, 636. Book of Common Prayer, 240. Books, 741-42, 817, 833, 1228-31; censorship of, 1334-35; duty on books, petition against, 474-76; on fiction, 741 42, 1411-12; on Indians, 1261-63; lists recommended for others, 74345 823-25, 905-06, 967; to Wells and Lilly Publishers, 1413-15. Borders, of Louisiana Purchase, 1137; northeastern and northwestern U.S. boundaries, question of, 513; state disputes under Confederation, 578; Virginia, 127-28, 304, 787; western territories, 376-78. Boston, 55, 540; blockade of harbor, 112-13; murders and riots in, 114; Port Bill resolution, 7- 8. Boston Tea Party, 112-13. Bouquet, Henry, 228. Boyle, Robert, 276. Brandy, 657. Brazier, John, letter to, 1423-25. Brazil, 1409. Breckenridge, James, 472-73; letter to, 1452- 54. Breckinridge, John, letters to, 1074-76, 1136- 39 Bricks, 156, 279-80; Indian use of, 86465. Bridges, in Amsterdam, 630; in Virginia, 277; iron bridge design by T. Paine, 929, 948- 49; Rhine River bridges, 640, 645, 649. Brock's Gap, 160. Broglio, Marshal de, 88. Brunswick, Duke of, 68-69. Buchan, Earl of, letter to, 1134-35. Buchanan, William, letter to J. Hay and, 845- 48. Bufon, Georges Louis Leclerc, Comte de, 165, 835, 961, 1281; on chemistry, 925; climate and animal growth, on theory of, 169-82, 801; death of, 923, 927; an elk for, 844-45; on Indians of America, 182-83, 800; letter to, 909-10 on migration of animals, 199. Bullet's Lick, 157. Bureaucracy, reductions urged by T. J., 504. Burgoyne, John, 979. Burial mounds, Indian, 223-26. Burke, AEdanus 584. Burke, Edmund, 977. Burning springs, 159. Burr, Aaron, conversations with, 690-96; conspiracy involving, 532-38, 1172, 1232- 33; on trial of, 1173-76, 1179. Burrhesheim, Baron Breidbach, 637. Burwell, Nathaniel, letter to, 1411-13. Burwell, Rebecca, 736. C Cabell, Joseph C., letter to, 1377-81. Cabinis, Pierre J. G., 1159; letter to, 1135-36. Caermarthen, Marquis of, 57, 591. Cacsar, 93, 246, 633. Cahokia Indians, 1119. Calcareous stone, Voltaire's theory of, 155, 156. Calonne, Charles Alexandre, 63-65, 382, 383, 936, 937. Calvert, Cecilius and Charles (See Baltimore, Lord) Calvin, John (See Presbyterianism) Camels, 629-30. Campbell, John, letter to, 1210-12. Canada, 1316. Canals, amendment proposed to empower Congress to undertake, 529-30; Languedoc canal, 896; states' rights to construction of, 483, 485-86. Canning, George, 1483. Cape Cod, 540. Cape of Good Hope, 636. Capital city, Georgetown as, 669, 804; New York City as, 804. Capital punishment, 39, 40, 349, 351, 352. Carp, 625. Carr, Peter, 968; letters to, 814-18; 900-06; 1341-52. Carrington, Edward, letter to, 880-82. Carroll, Charles, 673; letter to, 976-77. Carter, Robert, 737. Cartwright, John, letter to, 1490-96. Castries, Marshal de, 65. Catesby, Mark, 176, 179, 198; birds designated by, 192, 193-96. Catherine the Great, 46, 62, 927, 1221. Catholic Church, in Cologne, 635-36. Cato, slaves of, 267-68. Cattle, 180-81, 1405. Caverns, of Virginia, 145-47. Caversham gardens, 624. Cecil, Robert (Earl of Salisbury), King's grant to, 236-37. Cedar Creek, 148-49. Censorship, 880-81, 1333-35. Central College, 457-58, 472-73. Chace, Jeremiah, 50. Chancery courts, jury trial in, 33, 45; in Virginia, 257, 342. Charity, from head and heart dialogue, 875- 76; on Indian improvement society, 1454- 58; maintenance of poor in Virginia, 259- 60. Charles I, 238; American trade prohibitions under, 108 Charles II, American trade prohibitions under, 108 Charleston, S.C., 540, 591. Charlottesville, 130, 233. Charter of Rights for France, draft of text, 955- 56. Charters, Virginia and neighboring states, 127-28. Chase, Samuel, Articles of Confederation, taxation debate, 25; voting debate, 28. Chastellux, letters to, 780-81, 785-86, 799-802; 826-28; thoughts on English prosody to, 593-622. Chatham, William Pitt, 748. Chaucer, Geoffrey, 1504.. Cheat River, 138. Cherbourg, 861. Cherokee Indians, 546, 1263; address to chiefs of, 561-63; war against, 754. Chesapeake, the, attack on, 545. Chesapeake Bay, 140, 540. Chickahominy Indians, 221. Chickahominy River, 129. China, 837. Chiswick gardens, 623. Choctaw Indians, 546, 1120; address to representatives of, 558-60. Choiseul Gouffier 41. Christianity, 1077, 1081-82, 1090, 112026, 1459- 60; to Adams on, 1300-04; common law and, 1321-29, 1498, 1499; conversion of Indians to, 27677; laws regarding, 284-85; Lord's prayer in Anglo-Saxon, 1504; marriage, 260; on perversion of, 1085-88, 1213-15, 1431, 1466-70; Platonic Christianity, 1302, 1341-42, 1373; Presbyterianism, 1465, 1466, 1468; Unitarians, 1459-60, 1464; on virgin birth, 1469. Church, Mrs., letter to, 1012-13. Cicero, 96, 188, 1121, 1124, 1341, 1413, 1430-31. Cincinnati, Society of the, 472, 582-88, 632, 664, 1015-16; letter to Washington on, 790- 93. Citizenship, literary as condition of, 1387- 88; revision of naturalization laws urged by T.J., 508; in Virginia, 260, 34-4, 374-75. Civilization, on progression in America, 1497-98; on war and, 1039. Claiborne, William, letter to, 1172. Claremont gardens, 624. Clark, George Rogers, 159, 552, 554; expedition with Lewis, 527; letter to, 783- 84. Clavijero, Francisco Javier, 948. Clayton, John, 164. Clcanthcs, 1303. Clergy, at French assembly, 82-83; pardoning power of, 271, 363; schisms and priests, 1089-90. Clcrissault, M., 41, 846. Cleves, 634. Clifford, Rosamond, bower of, 626. Climate, 1083; and character of Americans, 826-28; European and American compared, 1155; plant growth, effect on, 170; Virginia observations of T.J., 200-08, 761. Clinton, Henry, 753. Clover, 1018-20, 1027. Coal, 142, 152, 649. Codes, 1104. Coke, Edward, 735. Colchester, 233. Coles, Edward, letter to, 1343-46. Collins, William, lines from, 607-08, 613, 621, 622. Cologne, 635-37. Columbia River, 527. Colvin, John, letter to, 1231-34. Commerce, Dutch merchants appraised, 631; embargoes as alternatives to war, 1006- 07, 1014, 1045-46, 1093; with England, 57, 1037, 104243; European commerce with U.S., report on, 435-48; with France, 58, 953-54; with Indians, 553-54, 1118; Nonintercourse Act, 1208; regulation of commerce under Confederation, 575-78, 804-06, 821, 836, 848-49; river commerce with Western territory, 139-40, 787-89; surplus and war, 930. Commercial treaties, 443, 448, 575, 576, 802- 09; Continental Congress, 54; with England, 57, 448; with France, 58, 448; between neutrals and belligerents, 1095; to Monroe on, 802-09; Versailles efforts, 56-57. Committees of Correspondence, 1419, 1420; origins of, 7; proposal for Congress of, 8. Common law, 251; Christianity and, 1321-29, 1495-96; as U.S. legal system, 1066-69, 1079. Common Sense pamphlet, 247. Condensation, 925, 948. Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas Caritat, 1064. Congregationalists, 1082. Congress, annual messages to, 501-09, 511- 17, 524-31, 543-49; corruption in, 679-80, 682, 684, 986-88; internal improvements amendment, 529, 549; library for, 1353-55; special messages to, 532-38, 539-42; Virginia delegates, appointment of, 341. Connecticut, 577, 1052, 1053. Constitutional amendments, Bill of Rights (See Bill of Rights) Constitutionality, on extra-legal actions, 1231-34. Constitutions, France, 95-97; convention, 71, 665; objections and recommendations of T.J., 71-73, 911, 91320, 941-45, 996; power of legislatures to alter, 246-51; presidential reeligibility issue, 72, 73, 913, 914, 916, 917, 919, 920, 941, 942; ratification of, 919-20; Saxon origins of English constitution, 1491; states' rights in (See States' rights). Continental Congress, 48-54; attendance, 10, 11; Declaration of Independence (See Declaration. of Independence); delegate from Virginia, 47; proposal for, 8-10. Contraband, 1092, 1093. Conveyors, patent controversy, 128694. Cook, Captain James, 61, 226. Cooper, Thomas, 1014; letters to, 1109- 1321- 29; 1464-66. Copper, in Virginia, 151. Copyright, 964. Corbin, Alice, 736. Corn, 636, 644, 647, 649, 1019-21. Cornwallis, Charles, 775. Corny, M. de, 90. Coroners, in Virginia, 341. Correa da Serra, letter to, 1388-91. Corruption, 246, 285, 485, 671, 963, 1034, 1079; debt payment and paper money, 679-80, 682, 684, 986-88; in Louisiana, 1170. Cosway, Maria, 1013; letters to, 866-77, 899, 900, 921, 922. Cotton, 1200-01; Cherokee use of, 561. Cotton gin, 1095-96. Counsel, right to, 364. Counterfeiting, 357. Cowes, England, 55, 98. Coxe, Tench, letter to, 1013-15. Credit and creditors, 110, 844, 960-63. Creek Indians, 546, 1116, 1263. Cresap, Thomas, murder of Indians by, 188. Crevecoeur, St. John de, letters to, 87778, 927-29. Criminal law, crimes (See specific crimes); French, 78; punishments (See Punishments); reformation of offenders, 349; revision of laws of Virginia, 38, 39, 40- 42, 270, 271; right to counsel, 364. Criminals, emigration to America, 579. Croghan, George, 228. Cromwell, Oliver, Virginia's opposition to, 238. Cruet, design of, 638. Cuba, importance of, 1483. Culture, American compared to European, 190-92; Indian, 189; South American, 192. Cumberland River, 135, 536. Cunninghame-Graham, Robert, lines from, 608, 616. D D'Alembert, Jean lc Rond, 411. Dalton, Tristam, letter to, 1405-07. Damen, Hermen Hend, 631, 636. Dana, Francis, 1058. Danbury Baptist Association, message to, 510. D'Artois, Count, 84, 85, 87, 992, 907. D'Aubenton, Louis Jean Marie, 171, 175-77, 181, 182. Davila, Pedrarias, 977, 978. Deane, Silas, 45-46, 1044. Debate, contentiousness generally, 52, 53; Franklin's skills, 53; Madison's abilities, 36-37; opinions on legislative deliberation, 52, 53; at Parisian residence of T.J., 95-96; Pendleton's abilities in, 33; Treaty of Paris ratification, 50-54; Washington's skills, 53. Debt and debtors, Indian debt, 1118; on inheritance of debts and obligations, 959- 64, 1280-82; personal debts in 1826, 1515-16; Virginia debtors law, 258-59; on war and debt, 1282. Declaration of Independence, 479, 1420-22; censure of English people, 18, 22-23; committee for preparation of, 17; debate, 13- 18; Dickinson's opposition to, 12, 18; epitaph citation, 706; on fiftieth anniversary of signing, 1517-18; final vote on, 18; first draft, 12; to Henry Lee on object of, 1501-02; opposing colonies, 13, 14, 17; slavery and, 18, 22; text of, 19-24. Declaration of the Rights of Man, 87, 94 Deeds, in Virginia, 260. Deer, 178, 179, 626, 842, 909-10. Deflation, 1448. Deism, 1081, 1121, 1124-25, 1466-70. Delaware Bay, 540. Delaware Indians, 165, 188, 754- Delaware River, 540. Deluges, 154-55. Demeumer, Jean Nicholas, 701; on Cincinnati Society, 664; Encyclopedie Methodique article by, answers for, 575-92; letter to, 1028- 29. Democratic Republicans (See Republican Party) Demosthenes, 188. Denison, J. Evelyn, letter to, 1502-06. Denmark, 57, 61, 945, 950; commerce with, 436; duties and restrictions on U.S. goods, 440, 442. D'Enville, Madame, letter to, 965-66. Deportation, of slaves after emancipation, 44, 264-, 1450-51, 1484-88. Descartes, 285-86. Despotism, 107, 109, 927-29. D'Estaing, Charles Hector, 851. Destutt de Tracy, A.L.C., on Commen tary and Review of Montesquieu's Spirit of Laces, 1229-31, 1241-47. "Dialogue Between My Head and My Heart," text of, 867-76. Dickinson, John, 11, 12, 18; letters to, 1084-85, 1169-70. Dictatorship, Virginia proposal for, 252-55 Diet, personal habits of T.J., 1416. Dinwiddie, Robert, 303. Diodati, letter to, 956-59. Diplomacy, on cutbacks in expenses of, 1112- 13; etiquette, memorandum on, 705; to Madison on certain diplomats, 884-86. Dissenters, in Virginia, 34-35 . D'Ivernois, Francois, letter to, 1022-25. Dodge, John, 228. Dodge, Nehemiah, 510. Dolci, Carlo, 921. Donald, Alexander, letter to, 919-20. Dorset, Duke of, 70. Duane, William, letter to, 1227-31. Ducos, Roger, 1076. Duelling, punishments for, 351-52. Due process, Presidential orders in violation of, 451-52. Dufief, N. G., letter to, 1333-35. Duisburg, 634. Dumfries, 233. Dunbar, William, 1159; letter to, 1082-84. Duning's Lick, 157. Dunkirk, 382. Dunmore, Lord Governor, 7, 11; Chief Logan's speech to, 188-89. Dupont de Nemours, Pierre Samuel, 1071, 1073, 1104, 1107; letters to, 1099-1101, 1203-O4, 1208- 10, 1384-88. Dusseldorf, 635, 921. Duties, Mediterranean fund, 529; Parliamentary, 111; report to Congress on foreign duties, 435-48; on salt, 529; on whale 011, 380, 383. E East India Company, 112. East Indies, American prisoners sent to, 591. Ebeling, Professor, notes for, 697-701. Eclipse, 762-63. Economics, 1415-16, 1448; Annapolis Congress, 47-48; on wealth in U.S., 1028. Edinburgh, 862. Edinburgh Review, 1295, 1299. Education, 274, 365-73, 457-73, 859-64, 1085; accomplishments of T.J., 703, 704; advice, 781-83, 814-18, 837-40, 860-64, 900-06, 966- 68, 1063-66, 1193-97; book duty's effect on, 475-76; classical learning, 1423-25; discipline, 469, 480-81, 1466; on European education for Americans, 837-40, 862-64; on French studies, 86263; grammar schools, 368-73; Indian education, 520, 554; on intuitive knowledge, 1343; Jefferson's education, 4, 733; of laborers, 1348; in languages (See Languages); law study (See Law); lottery for East Tennessee College, 1222; mathematics (See Mathematics); national establishment for, 530; northern education for southern boys, 1452-54; Philadelphia and the sciences, 1181; in political principles, 479, 1378; on post- revolutionary tendencies in, 1342-43; principles of, 273-75, 365, 461-62; professional education, 1348-51; scholarships, 372; teachers, 367, 368, 371; technical schools, 1352; university education, 274, 373, 1222-23; Virginia education scheme, 4244, 272, 36573, 859; 1073, 1308, 1346-52, 1452-54; for wealthy, 1348-50; of women, 782, 1411-13 Egypt, 58, 155. Elephants, 166-69. Elevators, patent controversy, 1286-94. Elizabeth I, 235.' Elk, 178-79, 845, 909-10. Elk River, 159. Ellery, William, 51. Ellis, Wellbore, 623. Embargo Act, 1188, 1199-1200, 1203. Embargoes, as alternatives to war, 1006-07, 1014, 1045-46, 1093. Emeralds, in Virginia, 152. Emigration, from Amsterdam, 631; British and Saxon compared, 106; criminals to America, 579; on em- ployment for immigrants, 1028-29; European governments' fears of, 821; indentured servants to America, 57981; Indians to America, 226, 865; misgivings of T.J. regarding, 210-12; of musicians, 762; press in Europe to discourage, 836; right of, 105-06. Encyclopedie Methodique, 808, 850; Demeunier article on U.S., answers for, 575-92; Virginia religious freedom bill in, 858-59. Encyclopedias 191. Endless Mountains, 144. Enfield Chase, 627. England, 3, 9, 61, 750, 1217, 1259, 1271-77; aid to America, 106; church and state relationship in, 1321-29; colonial grievances against, 18, 22-23, 331-35; commerce with, 57, 436, 448, 1037, 1042-43; 1812 war, 1264-67, 1272-76; eternal war of, 1364, 1367; as Federalist model, 670-71; Franklin negotiations with, 100; gardens in, 623-28, 851; Gordon riots in, 573; on government of, 1219-21; histories of, 1176-77, 1228-29; Indians, relations with, 552, 1312-13; judiciary appointments in, 73; law in Virginia, 258; monopoly on colonial trade, 333, 336; Monroe Doctrine and alliance with, 1482-84.; neutrality violations, 543-45, ioo6-07; newspapers reporting of America after independence, 571-74, 785, 821, 831, 835-36, 871, 911; Virginia property taken at end of war, 572; war with Netherlands, 66-70; whal- ing trade, 380-87. English language, dialects of English, 1503-06. Engraving, on glass, 927. Enterprise, the, schooner, 502. Epernay, 652, 656-57. Epictetus, 1121, 1124, 1430-32. Epicurus, 1121, 1124, 1373, 1430-33. Episcopalians, 1082. Epitaph, 706. Eppes, Francis, letter to, 1451-52. Eppes, John Wayles, letter to, 1280-86. Equality, of women, 185-86. Esher Place, 623-24. Essen, 634. Estates General (See States General) Etiquette, 705. Evans, Oliver, rights to use of elevators, conveyors, and hopper-boys, 1286-94. Excise tax, 679, 680, 1009, 1016. Executive, on extra-legal actions by, 1232; King's authority over colonies, 115-20; proposal by T. J. for, 49; on singular or plural executive, 1243-47; Virginia constitutional provisions regarding, 340- 42; war role of, 1218. Exercise, personal habits of T.J., 1417; on walking, 816-17, 863-64. Expatriation, bill asserting right of, 36, 702; Virginia law, 260, 375. Explosives, 926. Exports, figures, 435-36. Extradition, 375. F Fabbroni, Giovanni, letter to, 760-62. Fabius, 632. Fairfax, Thomas, Lord, 238. Falling Spring, 145. Fauquier, Governor, 4. Fauxbourg St. Antoine, 82. Federalist, The, 479. Federalist Party, 493, 700, 940-42, 1052-53, 1114, 1188, 1470-72; French Revolution aiding, 672-73; Hartford Convention of, 673, 1363-64; Mis- souri question and, 1449; monarchi- cal tendencies of, 669-73, 698-99; New England strength, 1078-79, 1088-89; in new guise, 1463, 14773; newspapers supporting, 700-01; principles explained, 1268-69; Wash- ington, control of, 673; XYZ Affair and, 1058-61, 1079. Felonies, 256. Fenno's Gazette, 996-99. Ferries, 278. Feudalism, 94, 118-19, 752. Feuillants, 1004. Firearms, 240, aristocrats and, 1305; manufacture of, 547-48,1095-96; right to bear, 344; Virginia militia, 216. Fish and fishing, 198; English competition for fisheries, 1340-41; Mississippi River fish, 132; Rhine River fish, 641; whale fishing (See Whales and whaling). Fitzhugh, William, 737. Fletcher, Andrew, 1134. Flint, in Virginia, 156. Florida, 1137, 1164, 1199, 1232; on French possession of, 1104-07. Fluvanna River, 130. Forfeitures, 344, 351-57, 375, 446. Fortescue, John, 466, 1326, 1329. Fort Pitt, 134, 137. Fossils, 154-56. Foster, Dwight, 695-96. France, 98; agricultural practices, 89495; aid in American Revolution, 757, 760; American Revolution's effect on, 62, 63, 97, 936; Anglo-Dutch war and, 66-70; Charter of Rights for, 955-56; Cincinnati Society, French officers in, 583, 585; commerce with, 58, 381-92, 435-48, 953-54; commissioner to, 45; consular convention signed with, 77-78; debt to, 898-99; economic distress of, 62-64, 78; on Florida's cession to, 1104-07; Indians and, 553; journal of travel in, 650-58; on Louisiana's cession to, 1104-07; Monroe sent to, 1111-13; neutrality of U.S., on violations of, 543-45; Patriotic party in, 63, 936-37; peace with England, 47; Restoration, 1360-62; on study in, 862-63; treaties of U.S. with republican France, validity of, 422-34; women in government of, 932-33. Frankfurt, 638-40. Franklin, Benjamin, 12, 45, 46, 49, 53, 54-57, 77, 498, 763, 1052, 1195; death of, 100, 973; Declaration committee, 17; memories of, 973-75; papers given to T.J., 99-101; scientific activities of, 190, 801, 877-78; voting debate, Articles of Confederation, 28. Franklin, William Temple, loo, 101. Franks, Colonel, 54. Fraud, against bank of U.S., 449-50. Fredericksburg, 131, 233. Frederick the Great, 57, 68, 590, 844, 866, 947. Frederick William II, 68, 70, 945, 950, 1221. Freeman, explorer of Red River, 527. Freemasonry, 1077. Freemen, taxation debate, Articles of Confederation, 25-27. Free trade, 443, 494, 507; British prohibitions on America, 108-09, 333; neutrals and belligerents, 1094; settlement of Virginia rebellion, 23940, 242. French language, 465, 817, 862, 1298-99, 1412. French Revolution, 78-97, 949-54, 957-59; American political repercussions, 672-73, 1005; Bastille, storming of, 90; bread shortages, 81; a Charter of Rights for France by T.J., 955-56; Constitution, 95-97; the Consulate, 1074-75; Declaration of the Rights of Man, 87, 94; the Directory, 1074- 75; Estates General (See States General); Federalists aided by, 673; first violence of, 79; foreign troops in Paris, 87-89; Genet affair 688-90, 1008-09; Hotel de Ville, King's procession to, 91; Invalides, taking of, 89-90; on Jacobins, 672, 1004; Jefferson's compromise, 85; King's death, 1007; on legitimacy of, 957, 1002-03; ministry, change of, 88; National Assembly (See National Assembly); nobility, 78, 82-85, 94, 1034; on outcome of, 965-66, 971-72, 1014, 1027-28, 1057, 1101, 1110, 1136, 1369-70; overview of beginnings, 936-39; Parlement's protest, 78-79; riots, 81-82, 89, 950-51, 957, 959; Tennis Court Oath, 84; on the terror, 1004; third estate representation debate, 79-80, 931-32; treaties of U.S. with France, effect on, 422-34; Versailles meeting of States General, 8z-84. Freneau, Philip, 679, 997-99. Friendship, 792; to Adams, 1480-82; head and heart dialogue, 872-76; in Parisian society, 888. Fruits, 278, 581-82; European and American, 842-43; at Heidelberg, 646-47; New England wild fruits, 979; natural fruits of Virginia, 160-63. Fry, Joshua, 3, 142. Fuel, European, 649. Fulton, Robert, letter to, 1185-86. Furniture, bedstead at Mannheim, 645-46; tables in Amsterdam, 629. G Galileo, 285. Gallatin, Albert, letter to, 1447-51. Gambling, 261, 898. Gardens, 1249, 1315-16; English gardens, 623-28, 853; European, need to observe, 660; at Heidelberg and Schwetzingen, 646-47; for Monticello, 1166-69. Gardiner, Sylvester, 672. Garrick, David, 612. Gates, Horatiu, 539, 812. Gates, Thomas, 236. Genesis, lines from, 619. Genet, Edmond Charles Edouard, 686, 1008- 09, 1012, 1094; letter regarding, 688-90. Geneva, 837-38. Geneva Academy, 1022-25. Genius, 763-64. Geology, Blue Ridge passage of Potomac River, 143; fossil deposits, 15456; limestone formations of Virginia, 153. George II, 109. George III, 105, 121, 1217, 1221, 1315; audience with, 57; grievances declared against, 19-22, 115-20, 336-38; madness of, 931, 945-46, 950. Georgetown, as capital city location, 669, 804. Georgia, 851, 1116; olive trees in, 703; upland rice in, 703. Geranium, 1204. German language, 465. Germantown, battle of, 590. Germany, towns visited by T.J., 77. Gerry, Elbridge, 51; letters to, 104-44, 1055- 62, 1088-90. Gibraltar, 502, 540. Giles, William Branch, letter to, 1510-13. Gilmer, Francis, 1489-90, 1496. Godwin, William, 1077, 1078. Gold, in Virginia, 150. Gordon, Lord George, 573. Government, appointments to, 1145-46, 1148- 49, 1215-16; books on, 1176; bureaucracy, 504; emigration's effect on, 211-12; England, 1219-21; European, 660, 880-81, 882, 1374-77; expenditures, 503-07, 514-15, 547-48, 766-67, 1112-13; experiment in, 1034; on extra-legal actions in, 1231-34; Indian government, 220; inefficiency in, effect of, 698-99; on laws and the nation, 1067-68; on nepotism in, 1215-16; principles of, 479, 494-95, 1386-87; profession of political faith, 1056-57; regulatory excesses of, 285-86; republics, 1024; rogues in, 1030; state government, 984; student government, 469, 480-81; test of republicanism, 1393-97; time limits on, 963; ward and district organization, 1226- 27, 1308, 1377-81. 1400-01; Western Territory, 376-78. Governor of Virginia, 45, 257. Graham Society, 472. Grain, export, 435; inventions for handling, 1286-94. Grammar schools, 368-73. Grandchildren, letters to, 1102, 1501-10. Granger, Gideon, letter to, 1078-80. Gray, Thomas, lines from, 599, Goo, 620-22. Great Kanawha River, 130, 134, 137, 188, 376, 787. Great Lakes, 139, 376-78, 788. Great Miami River, 136. Greek, 464-65, 477, 733, 816, 1072, 1296-98, 1423-25, 1429-30, 1443; prosody, 593-97, 604, 614. Greene, Nathanael, 759, 813, 1460. Greenland, 226. Greenland whale, 388-89. Green River, 136. Gregoire, Henri, letter to, 1202. Grenville, George, 624. Grimm, Baron, 62, 1382. Grotius, Hugo, 428-31. Guiandot River, 137. Gulf of Mexico, 139. Gypsum, 156, 1133. H Habeas corpus, 72, 495. Habits, personal habits of T.J., 1416-17. Hagley, 626. Hague, the, 55, 67, 75, 76. Haiti (See Santo Domingo) Hale, Matthew, 1323-24, 1328. Halifax, 381. Hamilton, Alexander, 1039, 1040, 1101, 1235- 36, 1268-70; character of, 671; on conflict with, letter to Washington, 992-1001; on Constitution, 682; at Constitutional Convention, 665; financial program of, 666-70; on Genet letter, 688; retirement of, 685; Washington on T.J.'s differences with, 681, 683. Hamilton, William, letter to, 1166-69. Hampton, 233. Hampton Court, 623. Hampton Roads, 129. Hanau, 639. Hancock, John, 996-97. Handsome Lake, address to, 555-57. Hanover, 233. Harbors, defense of, 507, 526, 539-42, 546-47. Harmer, Colonel, 54. Harrison, Benjamin, 11, 12, 737; taxation debate, Articles of Confederation, 26. Harrison, William Henry, letter to, 1117-20. Hartford Convention, 673, 1363-65. Hartley, David, 56. Harvard University, honorary doctorate to T.J., 947. Harvie, John, letter to, 733. Hastings, battle of, 118. Hatteras Island, 235. Havre, Le, 55, 98. Hawkins, Benjamin, letter to, 1113-16. Hay, George, letter to, 1179-80. Hay, James, letter to William Buchanan and, 845-48. Hazard, Ebenezer, letter to, 973. Health, of T.J., 1026, 1037, 1116, 1260, 1373, 1416-17, 1440-41, 1480; of Washington, ion. Heating, 638, 649-50. Heaton, James, letter to, 1516-17. Hebrew language, 464, 477. Hebrew law, 39. Heidelberg, 644, 646-47, 921. Hening, William Waller, letter to, 117172. Henry II, 626. Henry IV, 741. Henry, Patrick, 33, 37, 984, 1418-20; Boston Port Bill resolution, 7-8; la- ziness of, 9; letter to, 764 73; Ra- leigh tavern meeting, 6-7. Heresy, 284. Herschel, William, 923-24. Hesse, 639. Hippopotamus, 166. History, 863; on British histories, 117677; on Greek and Latin originals, 817; on Hume's history of England, 1229, 1230; of Mexico, 949; state papers of America, 304- 25; teaching of, 273-74, 367; Virginia histories, 303-04. Hocheim, 641-43. Hock-hocking River, 137. Hogs, 635, 640. Hollins, John, letter to, 1201-02. Holmes, John, letter to, 1434-35. Holy Alliance, 1483. Homer, 190, 597, 614, 615, 619, 1072. Honey bee, 198, 199. Hopkins, Lemuel, lines from, 597. Hopkins, Stephen, 30. Hopkinson, Francis, letter to, 940-42. Horses, 181, 294, 1054 55; riding habits of T.J., 1417; theft of, punishment for, 581. Hospitals, 260. Hotel de Ville, 90, 91. Hot Spring, 158. Houdon, Jean-Antoine, Washington statue, 812-14, 850. House of Burgesses, 5-6, 237. House of Representatives, 913, 915, 1164. Howe, William, 100, 590, 753. Hudson River, 139, 140, 788, 980. Humboldt, Alexander von, letters to, 1247-48, 1311-14. Hume, David, 1178, 1228-29, 1491. Hutchins, Thomas, 228. Hypnotism, 974. I Iceland, 226. Illinois River, 133, 513. Illuminatism, 1076-78. Imports, U.S., 436. Inaugural addresses, 492-96, 518-23. Indentured servants, 579-81. Indians (See also specific tribes or groups), 182-90; addresses to Indians, 551-66; agriculture among, 164, 520, 556, 559-62, 1115, 1118; alcohol problems among, 555; books on, 1261-63; bricks and iron, use of, 864, 865; Buffon's description of, 18283; burial mounds, 223-26; conservatism of, 520-21; conversion and instruction of, 276- 77; culture of, 184-89, 800-01, 1262-63; education among, 461-62, 520, 554; in 1812 war, 131Z-13; enslavement of, 186-87; fate of, 221-22, 520, 1114, 1118-20; French influence on, 1121; labor, 651, 801; land purchases or cessions from, 261, 262, 3'76, 512-13; 555-56, 558-59, 1115-16, 1118-20; languages, 220,, 222, 227, 865, 1083-84, 1212- 13, 1389; law and government among, 219- 20, 561; legends of, 165; Lewis' instructions regarding, 1128-30; Louisiana Purchase and, 512, 1138; migration to America, 226, 865; murder of, 188; Negroes compared to, 266; Negro colonization of lands of, 1097; peace and friendship with, 501, 513, ,527, 545-46, 977; policy toward, 977, 1117-20; populations and area of, 218-23, 22732; in Revolution, 551-54, 754; a society for the civilization and improvement of, 1455-58; trade with, 553-54, 1118, 1166; Ulloa on, 184, 800- war among or with, 562, 565, 1118-19. Indigo, 435. Inflation, 1415-16, 1448. Ingenhousz, Jan, 924. Inheritance, bill concerning, 702; of debts and obligations, 959-64, 1280-86; land tenure, 32-33, 416, 751-52, 1307; of patent rights, 1291; slave inheritance in Virginia, 260-61. Insects, 198-99. Interest rates, in Virginia, 261. Invalides, taking of, 89-90. Iowa Indians, 546. Ireland, 1313. Iron, Indian use of, 865-66; trade restrictions on, 109-10. Iron works, 151-52, 261. Iroquois Indians, 221-22. Irrigation and drainage, Archimedes' screw, 627-28, 1290-91; Persian wheel, 1289-90. Irvine, William, 555. Italian language, 465, 901. Italy, 897-98; northern towns visited, 65. J Jackson's River, 130. Jacobins, 672, 1004. Jamaica, 991. James I, 236-38, 258. James River, 129, 158, 233, 769. James River Company, 472. Jamestown, 35, 129, 236. Jay, John, 46, 67, 975 686, 1479; authorship of address to the people of Great Britain, 11- 12; letters to, 818-20, 949-54. Jay Treaty, 673, 1015, 1030, 1114. Jefferson, Field, 3. Jefferson, John Garland, letters to, 966-68, 1215-16. Jefferson, Maria, death of, 1144-45; on engagement of, 1046-47; European arrival of, 66; letter to, 868-69. Jefferson, Martha "Patsy" (See Jefferson, Patsy) Jefferson, Martha Wayles (wife of T.J.), death of, 46, 781; marriage to T.J., 5. Jefferson, Patsy, European trip with T.J., 54; letters to, advice on conduct and studies, 781-83, 784-85, 896-97, 970-71, 1046-48; marriage of, 99. Jefferson, Peter, 3-4, 142. Jefferson, Polly, 896. Jefferson, Thomas (uncle of T.J.), 3. Jeffersonian Party (See Republican party) Jeffersonville, town plan, 1117. Jenner, Edward, letter to, 1162-63. Jersey, The, deaths of American revolutionaries aboard, 590. Jerusalem artichokes, 1405. Jesus Christ, 903-04, 1077, 1120-26, 1143, 1431, 1436-39; to Adams on, 1304; to Charles Thompson on, 1372-73; to Benjamin Waterhouse on, 1458-60. Jeu de paume oath, 84. Job, 733, 735. Johannisberg wines, 641. John Baptist de Coigne, address to, 551-54. Johnson, Samuel, 595. Johnson, Thomas, 686-88. Johnson, Justice William, letters to, 1460-64, 1470-78. Johnson, Sir William, 228. Jones, Walter, letter to, 1317-21. Journal de Paris, 877. Judaism, 1,21, 1124-26, 1300-O1, 1437 38. Judiciary, 73, 507-08, 943-44; on com mon law as law of U.S., 1066-69. 1079; on limits of judicial review, 1426-28; power and control of, 74- 75; on seriatim opinions from Su- preme Court, 1446-47, 1461-63, 1477; states' rights encroachments of, 1446, 1472-73; subversive tendencies of, 1446-47, 1449; in Virginia, 32, 256-58, 342-43; in Western territory, 1074. Jurisdiction, diversity jurisdiction in Virginia, 257-58; English trials for Boston murders, 114; federal and state courts, 1066-69; on the high seas, 1092; on Supreme Court, 1474- 75. Jury trial, 33, 45, 72, 495, 508, 917; in Virginia, 256-57, 343. Justices of the peace, in Virginia, 256 57. K Kalm, Peter, animals of Europe and America, 175-76, 179, 199. Kamchatka, 62, 158, 226, 926, 927. Karlsruhe, 648, 649. Kaskaskia Indians, 512-13, 1119-20. Keith, William, 303. Kentucky, 535-36, 590, 84-4. Kentucky Resolutions, draft of, 449-56. 1586 Kentucky River, 136. Kercheval, Samuel, letters to, 1213-15; 1395- 1403. Kew, 627. Kickapoo Indians, 554, 1119-20. King, Rufus, 686. Knox, Henry, 632, 663-q., 688. Koblenz, 638. Kosciusko, Thaddeus, letters to, 110203, 1264-67. Kracheninnikow, Etienne P., 158. L Laborers, clerks in government, 966; education of, 1348; English, 624-26, 853; French, 654, 853, 894-95; German, 637-38; Indians as, 801; observation of European laborers, need for, 660; Prussian, 634; women as, 640, 651-52, 840-41. Labrador, 226. Lacepede, B. G. E. de la Ville, letter to, 1189-92. Lafayette, Marquis de, 64, 68, 91, 97, 381, 821, 851, 879, 885, 934; aid with commercial agreements, 58; army in Virginia, 775-76; constitutional debate at T.J.'s residence, 95-96; Declaration of the Rights of Man, 87; jailing of, 1012; letters to, 774-75, 893-95, 990-91, 1360-66, 1407-09, 1498-99. Lake Champlain, 980. Lake George, 979. Lambert, M., 383. Land, depression in prices for, 1515-16; on European ownership, 841-42; grants from king, 119; on Indian purchases or cessions, 261-62, 376, 512-13, 555-57, 558- 60, 1115-16, 1118-20; national debt, land sales to pay, 837; for Negro colonization, 99; standard measure of, 399-400, 408, 415; tenure, 751-54; Virginia laws and rights, 260-63, 343-44. Landscaping, 623-28, 630, 648. Langdon, John, letter to, 1218-22. Languages, 273, 371, 817-18, 840, 861; American effects on English, 12951300; Anglo-Saxon, 465-66, 1297, 1298; Celtic, 746; on classical lan- guages, 1423-25; dialects, 1296, 1503-06; Indian languages, 220, 222, 22'7, 865, 1083- 84, 1212-13, 1389; Languedoc, 897; legal language, 39; on neology, 1294-1300, 1442- 43; Univ. of Va. courses in, 462, 464-67, 1072-73. Lapland, 199. La Rochefoucault, Francois, duc de, 1030. Latin, 464-65, 477, 593-95, 733, 816, 1072, 1295, 1297, 1298, 1424-26. Latin America (See South America) Latrobe, Benjamin, 1179; letter to, 1108-09. Laurens, John, 46. Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent, on chemical nomenclature of, 925-26, 948. Law, on Christianity and English common law, 1321-29, 1494 96; on extralegal actions, 1231-34; Indian law, 220, 561; on maritime law of nations, 1091-95; natural law (See Natural law and right); on reading Coke, 735; on seriatim opinions from Supreme Court, 1461-63; on study of, 739-40, 838, 862, 966-68, 1226; time limits on, 963. Law, Thomas, letter to, 1335-39. Law practice, beginning of, 5. Lawyers, 53, 119, 364-, 1169; books for, 740, 744, 967. Lead mines, in Virginia, 15O-51, 787. Leasowes, 625-26. Ledyard, John, 61, 865, 926-27. Lee, Arthur, 304. Lee, Francis Lightfoot, 6, 7. Lee, Henry, 632, 683; letter to, 1501-02; on libel of Greene, 1460-61. Lee, Richard Henry, 6, 7, 12, 50. Lee, Thomas L., 37-38. Legislatures, aristocracy in, 1306; bicameral legislature, purpose of, 245; colonial, dissolution of, 117-18; constitutions, power to alter, 246-51; election of T.J. to Virginia legislature, 5; quorum in, power to set, 251; Virginia, 338-40, 756-57. Legitimacy, on French Revolution, 957, 1002-03. Leib, Thomas, letter to, 1188-89. L'Enfant, Pierre Charles, letter to, 97576. Levant, the, 58. Lewis, Meriwether, 62, 527, 564; on papers of, 1388-91. Lewis and Clark Expedition, 527, 1159, 1189- 90, 1315-16; instructions to Lewis, 1126- 32; on publication of accounts, 1313-14, 1390-91. Lexington (Va.), 457, 472. Lexington and Concord, battles of, 747. Lex talionis, 39. Libraries, 275, 458, 472, 475, 1207-08; classification, 1366-68; for Congress, 1353- 55; gentleman's, 740-45. Lighting, Amsterdam lanterns, 630. Limestone, 142, 145, 153, 979. Linnaeus, Carolus, 161, 193-96, 1331-33. Lisbon, 58. Literacy, citizenship, as condition of, 1387-88. Literature, 833, 1411-12. Little Kanawha River, 137. Little Miami River, 136. Livingston, Robert, 687; Declaration committee, 17; letters to, 1090-95, 1104-07. Livingston, William, authorship of address to the people of Great Britain, 11-12. Livy, 926, 1414, 1436. Locke, John, 479, 939-40, 1176. Logan, Mingo chief, 188-89. Logan, George, 1055-56. Loire River, 66. Lomax, Thomas, letter to, 1062-63. Lom6nie de Brienne, Charles, 65, 78, 79, 912- 13, 936-37. London, 57, 573, 660, 801. 853. Long Island, battle of, 753, 757-58. Long Island Sound, 540. Looming, 207-08. Lord's prayer, in Anglo-Saxon, 1504. Lords proprietors, 107. L'Orient, 66, 954. Lorraine, 652. Lottery, for a college, 1222. Louisiana, 1169-70; on French possession of, 1104-07. Louisiana Purchase, 511-12, 514, 519, 1137-38, 1143; on constitutionality of, 1138-41,; Indians in territory of, 512, 1138; Monroe sent to France, 1112-13. Louis XVI, 63-64, 92-93, 907, 1221; concessions made by, 80; court of, 80; death of, 1007; Indians and, 553; manipulation of, 84-85; Parlement of Paris and, 79; surrender to National Assembly, 91-92. Louisville, 134-35, 233. Love, in Europe and America, 833, 839; head and heart dialogue, 867-76. Lucerne, 1014. Ludlow, William, letter to, 1497-98. Luzerne, Count de la, 46, 65, 88, 780, 884. Lynch, John, letter to, 1239-41. M McCaul, Alexander, 746. Machinery, 627-30, 659-60, 1286-94. Macon, Nathaniel, letter to, 1415-16. McPherson, Charles, letter to, 745-47. McPherson, Isaac, letter to, 1286-94. McPherson, James, 746. Madison, James, 36-37, 40, 72, 473, 684, 686, 693, 702, 1116, 1134; letters to, 820-25, 828- 30, 840-43, 848-52, 881-87, 914-18, 942-46, 959-64, 1006-12, 1015-17, 1025-27, 1038-41, 1223-25, 1513-16. Madison, Reverend Bishop James, 1082; letters to, 923-27, 1076-78. Madison's cave, 145-47. Magistrates, in Virginia, 256-57. Magna Carta, 1325. Main River, 638, 642, 644. Mainz, 640-45. Maison carree, 846-47, 892-93. Majority rule, 491, 495. Malmesbury, Lord, 67. Malta, 61. Malthus, Thomas Robert, 1143-44. Mammoths, 165-69, 176-77, 783-84, 835, 1189, 1191-92. Manchester, 233. Mandan Indians, address to, 564-66. Mannahoac Indians; 218-20. Manners, in Europe and America, 834. Manners, John, letter to, 1329-33. Mannheim, 645-48. Manslaughter, 42, 353. Manual of Parliamentary Practice, 1211. Manufacturing, 261, 290-91, 659-60, 769, 818, 1267-68, 1357, 1370-72; Of arms, 547-48; bounties for encouragement of, 677; 1812 comparison of U.S. and England, 1265-66, 1267; under embargo, 548, 1208-09; interchangeable parts, 1095-96; on nailmaking, 1028-29; spinning jenny, 1259, 1267-68; steam engine, 854; type foundries, 1209-10; wind saw mills, 630. Manure, 894-95, 1021. Maps and mapping, Lewis' map, 1390. Marble, in Virginia, 152-53. Marbois, Francois de, 55, 781, 786; letter to, 1409-11. Marbury v. Madison, 1428, 1474-75. Margraf, Georg, 198. Marl, in Virginia, 156. Marne River, 652. Marriage, to M. Skelton, 5; Virginia law, 260. Marshall, John, 1058, 1174, 1279, 147475 Martinique, 1012. Maryland, 127. Maskelyne, Nevil, 411. Mason, George, 36-38, 1501; letter to, 971-72. Mason, Thompson, 778. Mason-Dixon Line, 127, 757. Massachusetts, 584, 1364; common cause with, 6-8; fisheries threatened by England, 1340-41; Penobscot attack, 667; on Revolutionary role of, 1418-20; in War of 1812, 1359. Massawomec Indians (See Iroquois Indians) Materialism, 1444-46. Mathematics, 190, 367, 374 462-63, 64. Mattapony Indians, 221-22. Mattapony River, 130, 221. Mazzei, Philip, 1082; letter to, 1035-37. Medicine, 1065, 1158, n63, 1182-85, 1326; study of, 466-67, 838; vaccination, 1162, 1163, 1201; In Virginia, 259-260. Medicinal plants, of Virginia, 160, 161. Medicinal springs, in Virginia, 157-59. Mediterranean, 59, 60, 154, 502, 529, 539, 540. Meherrin Indians, 221. Melish, John, letter to, 1267-71. Melons, 970. Memory, 861. Mennonites, 260. Mesmer, F. Anton, 974. Mexico, 534, 948, 1213, 1311. Mexico City, 133. Mica, in Virginia, 156. Military, 530, 531, 1171; arms manufacturing, 547-48; authority, military v. Civil, 120, 495, 587; Continental army, 573, 582, 666- 67, 785; 1812 war strategy, 1264-65; expense of, 301-02, 505-07; fortifications, 507, 525, 526, 539, 546; Militia, 215-16, 505, 506, 52425, 535-36, 547, 1164-65; in Rhineland, 646; standing army, 344, 505, 977, 1103; and women's work, 651-52. Miller, John Riggs, 393. Miller, Philip, 161. Miller, Samuel, letter to, 1186-87. Mills (See Manufacturing) Millstones, of Cologne, 636-37; in Virginia, 156. Milton, John, 190, 596, 597, 602, 610, 618, 619, 1503. Mind, freedom of the, 346. Minerals, of Virginia, 150-57. Mingo Indians, 188-89. Minister plenipotentiary, service of T. J. as, 54-62. Minister to France, 805, 812, 832, 1035; departure from Paris, 98, 965, 966; national debt negotiations, 75-77. Minority, rights of, 493, 498. Minzees, Ninian, 746. Mirabeau, Honore Gabriel Riquetti, 584. Miscegenation, 186, 187, 270. Mississippi River, 127, 131, 132, 139, 376, 378, 512, 513, 1137, 1138; Cherokee fighting along, 562; Choctaw land sales along, 558-59; defense of, 525, 526, 540; Pike's exploration Of, 528; settlement of, 1119; Spanish on, 883, 884. Missouri, slavery question in, 1433-35, 1447- 50. Missouri River, 13233, 527, 564, 1126- Monacan Indians, 218-20, 222. Monarchy, 95, 1221-22, 1314-15; American tendencies toward, 663-66, 66973, 678, 679, 681, 682, 686, 698, 699, 987, 988, 990-91, 1218, 1219. Money, 1283-86; coinage measures proposed, 398, 407-10, 1254; counterfeiting, 357; dollar adopted, 47-48; inflation of, 1415-16, 448; paper money speculation, 677, 679, 986; in Virginia, 296-97. Monongahela River, 137-38. Monopolies, 416. Monroe, James, 51, 886, 1026, 1037, 1408; letters to, 777-80, 802-09, 1095-99, 1111-13, 1198-1200, 1482 84. Monroe Doctrine, 1439, 1482-84. Montaigne, Michel, 1030. Montesquieu, Charles, 1024, 1229-31, 1242. Monticello, 99, 843, 870; 1516; climate observations at, 202-04, 206-08; on gardens for, 1166-69; rainbows at, 925. Montmorin, Count de, 59, 65, 68, 70, 78, 81, 96, 913. Montreal, 1313. Moore, Nathaniel, letter to, 1429-30. Moor Park gardens, 627. Moose, a carcass to Buffon, 909-10. Morality (See also Natural law and right), 1335-39; advice to Peter Carr, 814-18; cities and, 1081; on conscience, 901-02, 784-85; earth and life to the living, 959-64; egoism and, 1336-37; ethics for men and nations, 965-66; Europe and America, 833, 839; of fictional works of literature, 741-42; final advice to namesake, 1499-1500; government and, 1386-87; head and heart dialogue, 866-77; on integrity of opinion, 1061; love of God and, 1337; moral sense in man, 1338-39; of nations, 1217; physical and moral faculties related, 1135-36; self- love and, 1336-37; slavery's effect on, 269, 288-89; on study of, 901-02; of treaties between nations, 423, 428, 432; truth and, 1335-36; writers on, 816-17. Morellet, Abbe, 849. Morris, Gouverneur, 47-48, 694-95; letter to, 1001-03. Morris, Lewis, 695. Morris, Robert, 47, 50, 669, 1012. Morocco, 821. Morse, Jedidiah, 697, 1076-77; letter to, 1454- 58. Mortmain, 44, 416. Moselle River, 637, 638, 645, 652. Moses, 619, 1437. Mother (See Randolph, Jane) Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel, letter to, 773-74. Munford, William Green, letter to, 1063-66. Murder, 42, 114, 188, 271; punishments for, 351-55. Murray, John, Lord Dunmore (See Dunmore, Lord Governor) Muscle Shoals, 135. Music, 748, 761-62, 834, 940, 1412-13. Muskingum River, 137. Mutiny, of Philadelphia soldiers, 572, 786. N Nails, on making of, 1028-29. Nancy, 650, 652. Nansemond River, 129. Nantucket, whaling commerce and, 380-85, 388. Naples, 61. Natchez, 1083. National Assembly (France), 84, 87, 91, 94- 97, 957-58. National bank, 416-21, 449-50, 670, 699. National debt, 495, 679-So, 682-83, 837, 898- 99, 985-88, 1110, 1280-82; 1812 war and, 1357-59; on inheritance or perpetuity of, 961-63, 1280-82; negotiations of T.J. regarding, 75-77; and paper money (See Money); payments of, 75, 505, 514-15, 528, Natural Bridge, 148-49, 1206. Natural gas, Virginia fissures, 159. 548-49. Natural history, bones for French institutions, 1189-92. Natural law and right, 251, 347, 348, 491, 510; on inheritance of debts and obligations, 959-64, 1280-82; on patents, 1287, 1291-92; property rights, European violation of, 841-42; states' rights and, 453; treaties between nations, 423, 428, 432. Natural well, 160. Navy, Chesapeake, attack on the, 545; dry- docking of ships, 1108-09; expenditures for, 506-07, 513; force needed, 301-02, 818- 20; gunboats to defend harbors, 526, 539- 42, 546-47; torpedoes and submarines, 1185-86; Tripoli involvement of, 502, 513; Virginia's marine forces, 217. Neckar River, 644. Necker, Jacques, 79, 82, 84-86, 88, 91, 94, 937- 38, 951, 953. Negroes, to B. Banneker on equality, 982-83; enslavement of (See Slavery); physical and mental distinctions, 187, 197-98, 264- 67, 270, 1202; on West Indian revolts, 991. Neology, 1295-1300, 1442-43. Nepotism, 1215-16. Netherlands, 77, 803, 820, 898-99, 946, 1034; commerce with, 436, 440, 442; despotism in, 927-28; loans from, 953; travel journal entries on, 629-34; war with England, 66- 70; whaling from, 379-80. Neutrality, Anglo-Dutch conflict, 69; 1803 message to Congress urging, 515-16; on English and French threats to, 1041-44; on free trade between neutrals and belligerents, 1093, 1161-62; French treaties affecting, 422; Indians in Revolution, 552, 754; violations by England and France, 543-45, 1006-07. Newcastle, 233, 234. New England, on Federalist strength in, 1078-79; tour through, 979-80. New Hampshire, 55. New Haven, to merchants of, 497-500. New Jersey, 877-78, 1064. New London, 233. New Orleans, 133, 134, 884, 1111; and Burr conspiracy, 533-37; on French possession of, 1105-07; Indian trade from, 553; purchase of, 511, 514. Newspapers, 700-01, 880, 1089, 117778, 1317, 1415; British reporting of America after independence, 571-74, 821, 831, 835-36, 871, 911; on Fenno's Gazette, 996-99; freedom of the press (See Press, freedom of); Fre- paper, 679, 998-99; journal de Paris, 811; on personal attacks in, 1048-51. Newton, Isaac, 411, 414, 763, 939-40. New York, 111, 540, 556, 827, 1063. New York City, 99, 101, 566, 572, 591, 753-54; as capital of U.S., 805; river commerce to, 139-40. Nicholas, Robert Carter, 34, 304. Nicholas, Wilson, 1017; letter to, 113941. Nightingale, 812, 896. Nijmegen, 633. Nismes (see Maison carree), 41. Nitre, in Virginia, 157. Nivemois, Duke de, 65. Noailles, Viscount de, 94. Nobility (See Aristocracy) Nolan, Philip, letter to, 1051-52. Nonintercourse Act, 1208. Nootka Sound, 62. Norfolk, 98, 129, 233-34. Normans, 118-19, 1491. North, Lord, 11, 12, 100-41, 331-35. North Carolina, on secession of, 1049-50. North Mountain, 142, 144. Norvell, Jolm, letter to, 1176-79. Norway, 226. Notes on the State of Virginia, 1205-06, 1210; cautions on certain parts of, 799-Boo, 804- 05, 822; origin and publication of, 55-56, 849, 857-58; text of, 123-325. Nottoway Indians, 221, 222. Nova Scotia, 381. Novels, 1411-12. O Ochre, in Virginia, 156. Oconee River, 1116. Ohio River, 127, 133-35, 233, 376, 378, 513; and Burr conspiracy, 532-38. Okisko, king of Weopomeiocs, 235. Olive trees, 703. Onondago Lake, 157. Orange, Prince of, 66-70. Orchards, in Virginia, 165. Orleans, Duke of, 79. Ornamental plants, of Virginia, 16263. Ossian, 746. Ottoman Empire, 821, 930, 945, 950. P Pacific Ocean, 527, 1127, 1131. Pagan Creek, 129. Page, John, letters to, 733-39, 852-54- Page, Mann, letter to, 1029-30. Paine, Robert Treat, 27. Paine, Thomas, 929, 948, 977-78, 1451, 1490; Rights of Man, 980-81, 991-92. Palatinate, 631. Pamunkey River, 130. Pamunky Indians, 221-22. Panama, Isthmus of, 589. Paris, 58, 98, 801, 853, 887-89, 965; martial law in, 79. Parish system, 34-35, 233, 259. Parlement of Paris, 78-80. Parliament, beginning of colonial rule, 238; Boston blockade, 112-13; conciliatory proposal on taxation by, 33135; duties passed on colonies, iii; free trade restrictions on America, 108- ignorance on American determi- 750; New York legislature, suspension of, iii; omnipotence of, 958; slavery of colonies to, 110, 112; trials in England for Boston crimes, 114; Virginia revolt against rule by, 238-41. Parliamentary practice manual, 1211. Parsons, Theophilus, 632. Passy, 55. Patents, 964, 1286-94. Patriotic party (France), 63, 936-37. Patterson, Robert, letter to, 1250-58. Pawnee Indians, 1212-13. Paynshill gardens, 624. Peale, Charles Wilson, letter to, 1249. Peat, 629. Pecans, 845, 852. Penal laws, Virginia, 41-42. Pendleton, Edmund, 33, 34-35, 37-45; letters to, 751-54. Penn, William, 127. Pennant, Thomas, 176. Pennsylvania, 127, 304, 584, 827, 1063, 1450. Penobscot, 667. Peoria Indians, 1119. Persian wheel, 1288-89. Petersburg, 129, 233-34. Petrarch, 646, 896, 921. Peuchen, Jean Jaques, 636. Philadelphia, 71, 566, 572, 590; as capital, 669; Cincinnati Society meetings, 583, 585; educational advantages of, 1181; mutiny in, 572. Philosophy, 1121, 1124; materialism, 1443- 46; Platonic Christianity, 1302, 1341-42, 1373. Phocylides, lines from, 597. Piankatank River, 131. Picard, Jean, 411. Piedmont, 58. Piers Plowman, 1503. Pike, Zebulon, 1313; Mississippi Rive; exploration, 528. Pilatre de Rosiere, 809, 811. Pillnitz treaty, 93, 1375. Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 1046, 1058. Pinckney, Thomas, letter to, 1044-46. Pinto, the Chevalier, 58. Piracy, punishment for, 358. Pisa, 838. Pittsburgh, 535. Plants, 761, 1204; on classifications of, 1329- 33; climate's effect on growth, 170; Ingenhousz experiments, 924; and Lewis and Clark, 1315-16, 1389; of Virginia, 160- 64. Plato, 96, 1341-43, 1431, 1436; on Platonic Christianity, 1302, 1373. Plows, 650-51, 1012, 1021-22, 119293. Plutarch, 1435. Poetry, American and European compared, 190; lyric, 622; of Negroes, 267; a scandalous song in Paris, 81011. Point Comfort, 236. Poland, 931-3z, 945-46, 950; partition of, 93, 1375. Political parties (See also Federalist Party, Republican party), 9442, 1045, 1463; Benjamin Franklin on, 49; history in America, 1470-73; inevitability of, 1052-53; principles distinguishing, 1268-71; War of 1812, effect of, 1407-08. Politics (See also Government), 1056- Polygamy, 355. Polygraph, 1157-58. Pompadour, Madame de, 877. Pope, Alexander, 1072; gardens of, 623; lines from, 595-97, 599, 604, 608. Population, calculation of, 209-14, 503, 589- 90; debt and mortality tables, 960-61, 1281; Indians 111 U.S., 218-22, 229-32; Malthus, 1143-44; tax apportionment by, 25-27, 575. Portugal, 58, 61, 106, 590, 1220, 1409; on commerce with, 436, 437, 441, 442. Post office, HO, 759. Potash, 1028. Potatoes, 644, 647, 1014, 1020-21, 1205. Potawatomi Indians, 1119-20. Potomac River, 127, 131, 139, 140, 143, 159, 788-89, 1205; towns on, 233. Potter, Sukey, 736, 737. Poverty, 634, 786, 840-41; maintenance of the poor in Virginia, 259-60. Powhatan Indians, 219-22. Presbyterianism, 34, 283, 1465. Presidency, 1170-71; abjuration of, 1025-26; ambitions for, 1041-42; duties of, 492, 495- 96, 497, 499; eligibility, 72-73, 913-14, 916- 17, 915-20, 941-42, 1153-54; extra-legal actions, 1232; orders violating due process, 451-52; religious directions from, 1186-87; retirement from, 1203-04; Revolution of 1800, 1084 85; sedition laws, 454-55; subpoena of President, 1179-80; war role of, 1217-18. Presidential addresses, 492-96, 501-09, 511- 49. Press, freedom of, 71, 344, 495, 114647; abuses of, 521-22; Alien and Se- dition laws, q-49-56; French abuses, 78. Price, Richard, 1076; letters to, 798-99, 935- 39. Priestly, Joseph, 1014, 1076, 1176; letters to, 1069-74, 1085-87, 1120-22, 114143. Primogeniture, 38, 44. Printing presses, 822-23, 852, 866, 887, 910, 1209, 1413-14. Prison, design for, 41-42, 847-48. Prisoners of war, 590, 764-73. Privateers, 56. Progress, 1073; and science, 1057, 1064 65, 1085-86. Prosody, 593-622. Prostitutes, 840. Prussia, 68-70, 590, 820; Frederick the Great (See Frederick the Great); Frederick William II (See Frederick William II); journal of travels in, 634-49. Psalms, 617, 1303-04. Ptolemy, 947. Public service, limits of duty, 777-80. Puckshanublee, 558. Pufendorf, Samuel, Baron von, on treaties between nations, 428, 430-31. Pumice, 144. Punishments, 39-40, 270-71, 581, 75657; bill for apportioning crimes and, 349-64, 702- 03; for rebellion, 880-82, 889-90. Pythagoras, 1123, 1124. Q Quakers, 34, 260, 283, 1090, 1214-15, 1408, 1459-60. Quarantine, 261. Quebec, 1083, 1313. Quorum, power to set, 251. R Rabbits, 843. Rabout de St. Etienne, letter and charter of rights to, 954-56. Racism, 264. Rainbows, 924-25, 1083. Raleigh, Walter, 303, 1205; Queen's grant to, 235-36. Raleigh Tavern, 6-8. Randolph, Acme Cary, letter to, 1102. Randolph, Edmund, 687, 689; letter to, 1066- 69. Randolph, Ellen Wayles, letter to, 1102. Randolph, Isham, 3. Randolph, Jane, 3. Randolph, John, 739, 1232; letter to, 748-51. Randolph, Martha Jefferson (See Jefferson, Patsy) Randolph, Peter, 733. Randolph, Peyton, 7, 9-10. Randolph, Thomas Jefferson, on education of, 1181-82, 1193-97; letters to, on being loved by everybody, 1102; educational advice, 1193-97. Randolph, Thomas Mann, Jr., letters to, educational advice, 860-64; on northern states tour, 979-80. Rape, 355-56. Rappahannock River, 131; towns on, 233 Raynal, Guillaume Thomas Francois, on American culture, 190-92, 701, 801. Rebellion, value of, 880-81, 889-90, 911; West Indian negroes, 991; Whiskey Rebellion, 1015-17. Red River, 524, 527-28, 1159. Reed, Joseph, 50. Refugees, 698. Religion, 1120-26; church and state relation, 462, 510, 519-20, 1087-88, 1307, 1321-29; fanaticism rising, 1464-66; Indian ceremonies, 1262-63; revision of laws of Virginia, 40, 44; schisms and priests, logo; on study of, 902-04; in Univ. of Va. curriculum, 467, 477-79, 1464-66. Religious freedom, 71, 283-87, 344, 467, 478, 479, 493, 495, 1404-05; accomplishments of T.J., 702; bill for establishing, 346-48, 702, 706, 85859; book censorship case, 1334-38; Danbury Baptist Association, message to, 510; fanaticism rising in America, 1465- 66; on Presidential recommendations of religious exercises, 1186-87; Sedition Act and, 1081-82, 1087-88; in Virginia, 34-35, 44, 283-87, 344, 346-48, 858-59. Representation, Articles of Confederation debate on, 28-31, 760; counties in Virginia, 116-17; in France, 79-80, 931-32, 938; Virginia constitution, 243-44, 338-40. Republican party, 493, 663-65, 672, 698-700, 1004, 1269-70, 1470-71; national bank, 670; newspapers supporting, 701; Revolution of 1800, 1084-86, 1100; spirit Of 1776, 1062- 63, 1088; Washington on, 670, 673, 684-86; XYZ Affair and, 1060. Retirement, 777, 1009-11; from Presidency, 1025-26, 1203-04; Washington and T.J. on, 675-88, 989-90,1000. Revision of laws of Virginia, 37-45. Revolution, on future of, 1477-79; printing press and, 1478; South American, 1247-48, 1311. Revolution of 1800, 1084-86, 1088, 1100. Rhineland, journey through, 77, 63349. Rhode Island, 575, 577-78, 584. Rhone River, 65. Rhubarbs, 647-48. Rice, 58, 65, 390, 703, 897, 1197-98; exports, 435, 442, 934. Richard II, 117. Richmond, 130, 233, 234. Riots, American conditions reported by British press, 571-74; in Boston, 114; in Charlestown, 572; in France, 81-82, 89, 907, 950-51, Gordon riots in England, 573. Riparian rights, 1378. Ritchie, Thomas, letter to, 1445 47. Rittenhouse, David, 190-91, 1008; letter to, 762-64. Rivanna River, 130, 702. Riviera, 65. Roads, 483, 485-86; construction and maintenance in Virginia, 277; in Germany, 649. Roane, Judge Spencer, letter to, 142528. Roanoke Island, first settlement at, 235. Roanoke River, 119. Robertson, William, Boo, 948. Robespierre, Maximilien Marie Isidore, 1271. Robinson, John, bequests to Univ. of Va., 471-72. Robinson, Moses, letter to, 1087- 88. Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste, 781, 851. Rodney, Caesar, letter to, 1216-18. Rome, 254, 267-70, 285, 838. Rubens, Peter Paul, 922. Rudesheim, 641-43. Rush, Benjamin, 30; letters to, 1080- 1122-26, 1234-39. Russia, 62, 540, 950, 1213. Rutledge, Edward, 17, 686; traveling notes for, 659-60. S Sabine River, 524, 533. Sac Indians, 546. St. Lazare prison, 89. St. Louis, 133. St. Petersburg, 62, 70. Salisbury, Earl of (See Cecil, Robert) Salm, Rhingrave of, 69. Salt, 157, 529 Salted meats and fish, 58. Salt River, 136. Sancho, Ignatius, 267. Sandy River, 159. Santa Fe, 133. Santo Domingo, 1003, 1098, 1113; deportation of slaves to, 1450, 1486. Saratoga, 979. Saratoga, Convention of, 765. Saunderson, John, 36. Savannah, 540, 560. Saverne, 650. Saxons, 106, 118-19, 752, 1325, 1494-95. Say, Jean Baptiste, 1176; letter to, 1143- 44. Scheffer, John, 199. Schist, 154. Schuyler, Philip John, 682. Science, 814, 923-27, 947-49; the re- public of, 1200-02; classification in natural history, 1329-33; in Europe and America, 190, 833; freedom and, 1023; Philadelphia advantages in, 1181; progress and, 1057, 1064-65, 1085-86; study advice, 861; Univ. of Va. courses in 462-64; on usefulness of study of 1063-64. Scotland, family origins in, 3. Secession, 484, 1043-4-4; debt assumption controversy, 668, 988; Missouri question and, 1449-So; in Western territory, 882-83. Secretary of State, appointment by Washington, 98; notes (the Anal) from Jefferson's time as, 665-90. Sedition Act (See Alien and Sedition laws) Seneca, 1121, 1124, 1431. Separation of powers, 682, 915, 1426-28; Articles of Confederation, failings of, 71; in Virginia, 245-46. Shadwell, 3. Shakespeare, William, 190, 611, 741-42. Shawnee Indians, 188, 754. Shay's Rebellion, 671, 911. Sheep, 626, 1200, 1204, 1223-25, 1249, 1266. Shells, 154-55. Shenandoah River, 143. Shenstone, William, estate garden of, 625- 26; lines from, 597 599-604, 608, 609, 612, 613, 620, 621. Sheriffs, in Virginia, 341. Sherman, Roger, Declaration committee, 17. Shipman, Elias, message to Shipman and merchants of New Haven, 497500. Shippen, William, traveling notes for, 659-60. Ships and shipping, 818-20, 933; Amsterdam, 629-30; Barbary pirates, 59- 61; defense of, 56, 444-45, 818- on maritime law of nations, 1090-95; steam engines for, 949. Short, William, 1316; letters to, 1003- 1430- 33, 1435-40. Sicilies, the two, 61. Siculus, 1435. Sidney, Algernon, 479. Sierra Leone, 1240, 1484. Sieyes, Abbe, 83, 94, 1075. Silver, in coinage, 407, 409; in Virginia, 150. Sinclair, John, letter to, 1132-33. Sioto River, 136-37. Six Nations tribes, 221. Skelton, Martha Wayles (See Jefferson, Martha Wayles) Skipwith, Robert, letter to, 740-45. Slate, 156, 637. Slavery, African colonization, 1484-87; colonies to Parliament, 110, 112; condemnation in Declaration, 18, 22; criminal punishment of slaves, 271, 364; to Demeunier on, 591-92; deportation, 44, 264; emancipation, 5, 44, 264, 591-92, 799- 800, 804-05, 1343-46; food for slaves, 1021; importation of slaves, bill ending, 34, 702; Indian enslavement, 186-87; inheritance of slaves in Virginia, 260, 261; King's power to prohibit, 115-16; last words on, 1516; in Louisiana, 1169; in Missouri, 1433-35; moral depravities produced by, 269, 288- 89; population of slaves in Virginia, 212- 14; public service as, 779; religious slavery, 285; Roman slavery, 267-70; in South America, 192, note; taxation debate, Articles of Confederation, 25-27; trade, 528. Sloane, Sir Hans, 198. Small, William, 4; letter to, 747-48. Smallpox, letter to Jenner, 1162-63. Smith, Adam, 1143, 1176. Smith, John, 303. Smith, Larkin, letter to, 1148-49. Smith, Robert, 887. Smith, Samuel, 694; letters to, on library for Congress, 1052-55, 1353-55. Smith, Mrs. Samuel, letters to, 1204, 1403-05. Smith, Thomas, 235. Smith, Thomas Jefferson, letter to, 1499-1500. Smith, Reverend William, letter to, 973-75. Smith, William Loughton, 668, 686. Smith, William S., letter to, 910-12. Smithfield, 129, 233. Snowden, family estate of, 4. Socrates, 1120-21, 1124, 1342, 1431, 1436. Sodomy, 356. Soldiers, protest in France, 87; quarter- ing of English soldiers in peacetime, 21, 334, 336. South, character of people, 827, 828; discontents in, 684, 988-89; on traveler's view of, 697. South America, 1389, 1408-09; culture of, 192; population potential for, 589-90; on revolutions in, 1247-48, 1311, 1481-82. South Carolina, 584, 703. Spafford, Horatio CV., letter to, 1204-08. Spain, 60, 109, 1104-5, 1164, 1199, 1387-88, 1409; American possessions of, 844; and Burr conspiracy, 525, 53334; commerce with, dollars and tonnage of, 436; duties and restrictions on U.S. goods, 436-37, 441, 442; Florida and, 1137; Mississippi River to, 882-83; negotiations with, 545; New Orleans closed by, 1111; troops at Bayou Pierre, 524. Spallanzani, Lazzaro, 948. Spanish Armada, 235. Spanish language, 465, 817-18, 901. Sparks, Jared, letter to, 1484-87. Special interest groups, on danger of large associations, 1454-58. Speculation, in certificates of debt to Continental army, 6667; paper money speculation, 677, 986-87. Sperm whale, 387-88. Spinning jenny, 1259, 1267. Spoils system, 1089-90, 1101, 1114; Adams' role in causing, 1145-46; in New Haven collector case, 497-S0o. Springs, Kamchatka hot springs, 158; in Virginia, 157-59. Spruce trees, 6z7. Squash, 1036. Squirrels, 980. Stael, Madame Germaine de, letter to, 1271-77. Stalactites, 147. Stamp Act, resolutions against, 5-6. Stanhope, Captain, beating of, 591. Stanhope, William, 623. Stanwix, John, 228. State of the union messages, first, 501- 09; third, 511-17; sixth, 524-31; eighth, 543-49. State papers, of America, 304-25, 973; Virginia laws, 1031-33, 1171-72. States General, 928, 931-32, 951-52; agenda, 38-39; calling of, 79; Versailles meeting of, 82-84. States' rights, 74, 494, 504, 1078-80, 1493; consolidation eroding, 1463; judicial encroachments on, 1448, 144547, 1472-74; Kentucky Resolutions on Alien and Sedition laws, 449-56; road and canal construction, 483, 485, 486; Virginia declaration and protest on usurpations of, 482-86; States (U.S.), commerce regulation under Confederation, 575-78, 805-07, 821; debts of, program for assumption of, 6677-70, 680; dispute settlement under Confederation, 578-79; national bank's effect on, 419-21. Staunton, 233, 457-58. Steam engines, 854, 949. Sterne, Laurence, 741, 902, 922. Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm, Baron von, 632, 663. Steward, Dugald, letter to, 1487-90. Stiles, Ezra, 697; letter to, 864-66. Stith, William, 303. Stowe gardens, 625. Strasbourg, 649, 650, 921. Stuart, Archibald, letters to, 843-45, 983-84. Suffolk, 233. Suffren, Admiral, 69. Sullivan, John, 758. Sulphur springs, 159. Summary View of the Rights of British America, 10, 1210-11; text of, 105-22. Supreme Court (See Judiciary) Surgeons, 260. Sweden, 61, 945, 950; commerce with, dollars and tonnage of, 436; duties and restrictions on U.S. goods, 441- 43. Sweet Springs, 158. Swift, Jonathan, 604. Swiss guards, 87, 89. Switzerland, 838. Sylvestre, M., letter to, 1192-93. Syphon fountains, 159-60. T Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de, 1059- Tammany Society, 1188. Tapir, 178, 180. Taverns, 278, 659, 697. Taxation, 240, 242, 573; apportionment issue, 25-26, 575; excise tax, 680, 986, 1009, 1016; on foreign goods, 518-19; French, 78; internal taxes, discontinuance of, 518; light taxes in U.S., reasons for, 573; national debt and, 1280, 1282-83; on Parliament's conciliatory proposal regarding, 331-35; reductions urged by T.J., 503-05; religion, in support of, 34-35, 44; revenues from, 514, 528, 548; withholding of payment as privilege, 332. Taylor, John, 1445; letters to, 1018-22, 1048- 51, 1153-54, 1391-95 Tazewell, Littleton Waller, letter to, 1149-53. Tea duties, 111, 112. Telescope, 866, 886. Temple, Sir William, 51. Tennessee, 536. Tennessee River, 135. Tennis court oath, 84. Tesse, Madame de, death of, 1365; letters to, 891-93, 1314-16. Textiles, 391-92, 831-32, 1258-59, 126568. Theater, in Paris, 922. Theft, punishments for, 358-61. Theocritus, lines from, 597. Theognis, 1305, 1308-09. Thessaly, 155. Third estate, representation debate, 7980, 931-32, 938, 951-52. Thomson, Charles, letter to, 1372-74. Threshing machine, 1009. Tiffin, Governor, 535. Timber products, 163-64, 390, 898; export dollars in, 435; one-piece wheel, 877-78. Timor, 969. Tobacco, 58, 109, 164, 261, 292, 293, 390, 647, 837, 898, 933; abuses of, 1458; duties and restrictions on, 4443; export dollars in, 435. Tombigbee River, 558. Tombstone, design for, 707. Tooke, John Home, 466. Tories, 281-82, 698. Toul, 652. Tracey, Nathaniel, 55. Travel, advice to a young man on, 904-05; to appreciate home, 808-09; journals of European travels, 623-60; to Lafayette urging, 895. Treason, 257, 270, 350-51. Treasury, debt assumption controversy, 669- 70, 680, 985-88, 994-97; moneyunit proposals, 47-48; power of, 669-70, 674, 676, 994-95; surplus, 529-30, 549; Washington's approval expressed, 679- 80. Treaties, with France, 422-34; renunciation of, cause for, 423-31. Treaty of Paris, 56, 132, 513; ratification of, 50-54. Trees, of New England, 979; of Virginia, 161- 64. Trenton, Congress at, 47. Tresilian, 117. Tripoli, 502, 513. Trist, Browze, 1116. Trout, 626. Trumbull, John, letter to, 939-40. Tunis, 527. Turnips, 1019-21. Turpin, Philip, letter to, 794-97. Turpin, Thomas, letter to, 739-40. Tuscany, 57. Tuscarora Indians, 222. Tutelo Indians, 221. Twickenham gardens, 623. Tyler, John, letters to, 1146-48, 1225-27. Tyranny, 110. U Ulloa, Antonio de, 149, 162, 184, Boo01, 822. Unitarians, 1458-59, 1464. United States (See also Congress, Constitution (U.S.), Government, National Bank, National Debt, Population), British press reports, 571-74, 785-86, 821, 831, 835-36, 871, 911; common law, 1066-69, 1079; employment in, 1028- 29; Encyclopedie Methodique article, 575-92; English language in, 1295-1300; Europe compared to, 808-09; natural beauties of, 870; political principles of, 479; science in, 949; state papers of, 973; strength of, 493, 1037; unity of sentiment in, 522-23; wealth in, 1028; world's best hope, 493. University education, 274, 373; architectural plan for, 1222-23; going away to, 733. University of Virginia, 1069-74, 134752; architectural plan, 458, 1152; arts instruction, 468; books for, 1513-14; building commenced, 1440; commissioner's report 457-73; construction costs, 458; courses of study, 462-68, 1071, 1441-42; delay, 1452-53, 1465; direction of, 1151; endowment, 115051; epitaph citation, 706-07; food and lodging for students, 468-69; gifts and bequests, 471-73; government of students, 469, 480-81; his hobby, 1479-80; libraries, 458, 472; maintenance and administration, 469-71; mineralogical specimens for, 1500- 01; political instruction, 479; professors, 467-68, 1071, 1151-52, 1487-89, 1502, 1513- 14; progress of, 1512-13; purposes of, 459- 62, 1070, 1149-50; rector's role, 470-71; religious instruction, 467, 477-79, 1465; review of, 1440-41; riot, 1506; shameful Latinists at, 1512; site determination, 457- 58, 1150; Visitors, 1151. Urbanna, 233. Utley, Vine, letter to, 1416-17. Utrecht, 68, 69, 633. V Vaccinations, 1162-63, 1201. Vagabonds, 259. Van Hogendorp, G. K., letter to, 83437. Van Staphorst, Jacob, 631. Varus, 634. Vattel, Emerich de, 424, 427-33. Vaudreuil, Marquis de, 145. Vaughan, Samuel, Jr., letter to, 969-70. Venice, 61. Verac, Marquis de, 66-67. Vergennes, Count de, 56, 59, 61, 65-66, 382, 879-80, 885, 974. Versailles, 56, 60, 70, 660. Vetch, 1019, 1036. Veto, King's power of, 115; on national bank issue, 421. Vice-Presidency, 1038-41. Virgil, 190, 594, 619. Virginia, aldermen, 366-67; Alien and Sedition laws, 479; aliens' rights, 281; animals, 165-82, 261; architecture, 278-80, 853-54; attorney general, 341; board of auditors, 258; borders, 12728, 304, 787; capital seat, 35-36; capitol building, 278, 822, 828-29, 84547; caverns, 145-47; character of people, 827; charter, 127; citizenship, 260, 34-4, 374-75; crate, 200-07; congressional delegates, 341; constitution of 1776, 243-55, 336-45; constitutional reform, 1395-1403; coroners, 341; counties, 116, 215, 233; Cromwell, opposition to, 238; crops, 164-65; deeds, 260; dictatorship proposal, 25z-55; education, 42-43, 272, 365-73, 859, 1073, 1308, 1343-52, 1452-54; executive powers, 340-42; expatriation, 260, 375; expenses, 298- 300; exports, 292-95; extradition, 375; ferries, 278; first among nations, 1492; government, 237-38, 243-55; histories, 303- 04; imports, 295; indentured servitude, 580; independence convention, 247; Indians, 218-23; interest rates, 261; judiciary, 32, 256- 58, 342-43; laws 37-45, 258-75, 343-44, 858, 1031-33, 1171-72; legislative branch, 338- 40, 755-56; manufacturing, 290-91; mapping by J. Fry and P. Jefferson, 3-4; marine forces, 217; medical care, 260; militia, 215- 16; minerals, 150-57; money supply, 29697; mountains, 142-44; parish system, 34-35, 233, 259; Parliament, revolt against, 238-41; plants and trees, 160-64; poor, 259-60; population, 209-14; press, freedom of, 344; prison design, 41-42, 847-48; prisoners of war, 764-73; property taken by England, 572; punishments for crimes, 270-71, 349-64; Raleigh's settlement, 235-36; religious freedom, 34-35, 44, 283-87, 344, 346-48, 858-59; rivers, 129-40; roads and bridges, 277; salaries for officials, 345; settlement with parliament, 239-q.i; sheriffs, 341; 1650 rebellion, 238-42; slavery, 33-34, 212-14, 260-61, 344, 591-92; springs, 157-59; standing army, 344; states' rights, 482-86; taverns, 278; taxation, 298; Tories, 28182; towns, 233; treasurer, 341; University of (See University of Virginia); Virginia Company, 236-38; voting, 338, 756; ward and district organization, 43, 366-67, 1073 1308, 1348, 1379-81, 1400; waterfalls, 145; Yorktown campaign, 775-77. Volney, C. F. de C., 1205-06; letters to, 1154- 60. Voltaire, 155-56, 190, 191, 833. W Waal River, 633. Wabash River, 136. Waldo, John, letter to, 1294-1300. Wales, family origin in, 3. Walking, value of, 863-64. Walnut trees, 636. War, 820, 1039, 1045; on Barbary, 85557; commercial surplus and, 930; contraband, 94; debts of nations and, 1282; embargoes as alternatives to, 1006-07, 1014, 1045-46, 1093; England's eternal war, 1282, 1364, 1366; with France, 1053-54, 1058-59; Indian war, 562, 565, 1118-19; and maritime law, 1090-95; money needed by nation, 1284:- 85; President's role, 1218; taxation related to, 503; wastefulness of, 300. War of 1812, 1264-67, 1272-76, 1314-16, 1355- 60, 1364; Indians in, 1312-13; peace, 1366; political parties, effect on, 1407-08; Washington attack, 1353-54, 1363 Warm Spring, 158. Washington, D.C., attack on, 1353-54; city plan, 975-76; location, 669, 804. Washington, George, 53, 72, 98, 159, 632, 661- 62, 1135, 1270, 1317-21; biography, 662-63; break with T.J., 673; and Cincinnati Society, 583-85, 664; confidence of nation in, 681; conversations with, 674- 88; distress of, 1011-12; Federalists' control of, 673; Freneau's criticisms, 679; greatness, 190, 495, 942; Hamilton-Jefferson conflict, 681, 683; letters to, 775-77, 789, 790-93, 929-35, 977-79, 98590, 992-1001; monarchical tendencies, 678-79, 681-82, 686; monarchy offered to, 663-64; New York City defense, 753, 758; old age, 673; and Republican party, 670, 673, 685-86; retirement desires, 675, 678, 680-81, 989; statue by Houdon, 817-14, 850; valedictory address, 479, 1471-72; writings, 661-62. Washington College, 472. Washington Society, 472. Washita River, 534, 1159. Watches, 734, 850. Waterfalls, on Hudson, 980; of Virginia, 145. Waterhouse, Benjamin, letters to, 1197-98,1458-59. Watterston, George, letter to, 1366-68. Wayles, John, 5. Webster, Noah, 697. Weevils, 293-94. Weightman, Roger, letter to, 1516-17. Weights and measures, 393-415, 1250-58. Weishaupt, Adam, 1076-78. Wells, Samuel Adams, 24; letter to, 1417-22. Wells and Lilly Publishers, letter to, 1413-14. Weopomeioc Indians, 235. Western territory, commerce with, 13940, 787- 89; government for, 376-78; judiciary, 1074; letter to Clark, 78384; relinquishment, 88z- 83; selling of land, 751-53, 804, 915; settlement, 752-53, 844. West Indies, 69, 933, 1012, 1249; colonization by American Negroes, 1098; French aid, 757. Whales and whaling, 379-92; duties on whale oil, 379-80, 383, 391, 442, 898; export dollars in oil, 435; French-British conflict affecting, 381-90, 933-34; Italian interest in oil, 898. Whateley, on gardening, 623. Wheat, 58, 1014, 1019-21; duties and re- strictions, 442; export dollars for, 435; weevil problem, 293-94. Wheatley, Phillis, 267. Wheel, 877-78. Wheelbarrow, 631. Whippoorwills, 969. Whiskey Rebellion, 1015-17. White, Hugh, letter to White and others, 1222-23. Whitney, Eli, 1095-96. Wiesbaden, 638. Wilkinson, James, 539; Burr conspiracy, role in, 533-37. Willard, Joseph, letter to, 947-49. William and Mary College, 4, 443, 45, 272, 367, 371, 373, 1484; disadvantages of, 1070; European education compared, 838; on leaving for, 733; organization, 276-77. William of Orange (See Orange, Prince of) Williamsburg, 233, 278; as capital, 3536; climate at, 200-06. Williamson, Hugh, 50. William the Conqueror, 118-19. Wilson, James, 26, 31. Winchester, 233. Wind power, saw mills in Amsterdam, 630. Winds, Virginia observations of T.J., 201, 203, 204. Wines and winemaking, 636, 641-57, 747, 811- 12; abuses of wine, 1458; tavern wine service, 659; T.J.'s own intake, 1416. Wistar, Caspar, letter to, 1181-85. Witchcraft, punishment for, 362. Witherspoon, John, 27, 29. Wococon Island, 235. Wolff, Christian von, 427-28, 430-31. Women, on education of, 1411-13; equality of, 185-86; in French countryside, 651-52; Indian women's work, 651; politics in Paris and, 92223, 932-33. Workhouses, 259. Worms, 645. Wotton gardens, 624 25. Wright, Frances, 1498. Wrist injury, 65, 872, 885, 897, 1416. Wyche, John, letter to, 1207-08. Wythe, George, 4 5, 36-45, 591-925 838; letters to, 857-60, 1031-33. X Xenophon, 96. XYZ Affair, 672, 1058-61, 1079, 1081. Y Yazoo River, 1119. Yellow fever, 1081, 1117, 1155-57. Yew trees, 623. Yohoganey River, 138. York River, 130, 159, 233. Yorktown, 130, 233; campaign of, appeal to Washington before, 775-77. Young, Arthur, 1407. Young, Edward, 598, Goo, 610, 611. Z Zane's cave, 147.
Index
Table of Contents
| Catalog record and links to related information from the Library of Congress catalog
Go to: Thomas Jefferson: an American Man for All Seasons
Papers and Correspondence Section |
Main Page
Library of Congress (January 12, 2002) Library of Congress Help Desk |
LC Home Page | Search the LC Online Catalog | Services for Researchers | Research Tools | Main Reading Room Home Page |