Kozlov A; International Conference on AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS. 2000 Jul 9-14; 13: abstract no. MoPpC1104.
A. Kozlov, 7, Pudozhskaja St., 197110 St.Petersburg, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 812 230 48 72, Fax: +7 812 230 49 59, E-mail: biomed@mailbox.alkor.ru
Until mid nineties, countries of Eastern Europe constituted the low prevalence area, in contrast to the West, where the annual AIDS incidence started to decline since 1995. At nearly the same time a sharp rise of HIV incidence among IDUs was observed in the former Soviet Union republics, especially in Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia, where the first HIV cases were detected in 1987. Although the number of HIV cases in these countries is still lower than in Western countries, the tendency is very alarming. E.g. in Russia during the first six months of 1999 the HIV incidence was 2.5 times more than that during the same period of the previous year. An especially rapid development of HIV epidemic took place in Ukraine. During two years of 1995-1996 the cumulative number of HIV infections has increased almost by two orders of magnitude. Before 1996, HIV spread in these countries occurred mainly via the sexual route of transmission. 1996 was the year when HIV penetrated the rapidly increasing IDU populations of these countries. By now, IDUs are responsible for the absolute majority of newly reported HIV cases. In some localities, like Kaliningrad (Russia), Svetlogorsk (Belarus), Nikolaev, Donetsk, Odessa (Ukraine) HIV prevalence in IDU populations exceeds 5%, i.e. the epidemic has entered the concentrated phase. The situation with HIV and IDU in former Soviet republics is still more peculiar with regard to HIV subtype distribution. The predominant subtype among IDU is A. The genetic homogeneity of isolates obtained in various places suggests that it originates from a point source. In Kaliningrad (Russia), an A/B recombinant predominates. Its gag is highly homologous to subtype A from Odessa (Ukraine) while its env is homologous to subtype B prevalent among IDUs in Nikolaev (Ukraine). The presence of B subtype is still significant elsewhere in these countries because of its predominance in MSM. Other subtypes from C to H have been also found in heterosexually infected people.
Publication Types:
Keywords:
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Byelarus
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Transmission, Vertical
- Europe, Eastern
- Genes, env
- Genes, gag
- HIV Infections
- HIV Seropositivity
- Incidence
- Prevalence
- Russia
- USSR
- Ukraine
- genetics
- transmission
Other ID:
UI: 102237968
From Meeting Abstracts