U.S. Overseas Loans and Grants

Reporting Concepts 2006

General

The annual update of the "U.S. Overseas Loans and Grants", informally known as the "Greenbook", contains summary data of United States Government (USG) foreign assistance since 1945 and detailed annual data for the last four fiscal years. Foreign assistance is categorized as either economic assistance or military assistance. Non-concessional support is also presented. The contents of each section are explained in further detail below.

Foreign assistance is reported by recipient country and organized by geographic region, without distinction between developed and developing countries. The report includes a world summary page, regional summary pages and individual country pages.

Any country which has received economic or military assistance since 1945 and is considered an "Independent State" by the U.S. Department of State merits an individual country page. Generally, country names are those officially designated by the U.S. Department of State. Specific information on country/region names and groupings can be found in the County and Regional Notes in the back of the book.

From 1955 to the present, annual data represent total new grant obligations and loan authorizations in the given fiscal year. Prior to 1955, grant data represent net obligations and loan data represent net authorizations. Where obligations are not available, appropriations or disbursements are used. Historical data are updated and may not reconcile with past editions of the Greenbook. All data are reported in historical U.S. dollars. Columns and rows may not sum due to rounding. Values less than $50,000 are denoted as 0.0.

The accounts that make up each row of the country pages are listed below. All accounts are presented by funding agency, with the exception of accounts funded by the Executive Office of the President, which are credited to the implementing agency. For annual data of the individual accounts or programs visit http://qesdb.usaid.gov/gbk/index.html.

Section Notes

A brief explanation of the contents of each section (economic assistance, military assistance, and non-concessional support) is provided below. The economic assistance section is further divided by funding agency. For appropriations funded by the Executive Office of the President, the program is listed under the implementing agency. The tables provide a detailed listing of "accounts" that comprise each section and funding agency for the current year. For the purpose of this publication, "accounts" refer to Federal appropriation accounts.

Economic Assistance

Total economic assistance is broken into the following funding categories: United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Predecessor, Department of Agriculture, Department of State and Other Economic Assistance.

The USAID and Predecessor Table shows the comprehensive list of accounts that comprise the funding categories for USAID.

Fiscal Year 2006
A. USAID and Predecessor	$9,826,596,542
Economic Support Fund	3,806,624,548
Development Assistance	1,563,219,708
Child Survival and Health	1,648,014,337
Other USAID Assistance	2,808,737,949
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States	374,351,614
Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union	574,202,475
Capital Investment Fund	75,948,418
Central America and Caribbean Emergency Disaster Recovery	160,087
Development Credit Authority*	12,997,848
Foreign National Employees Separation Liability Fund	38,760
HIV/AIDS Working Capital Fund	47,208,306
International Disaster and Famine Assistance	614,905,940
Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund	184,298,014
Operating Expenses	712,448,011
Operating Expenses, Office of Inspector General	40,274,681
Payment to the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund	41,700,000
Sub-Saharan Africa, Development Assistance	1,517,965
Transition Initiatives	46,125,140
Tsunami Recovery and Reconstruction Fund	73,655,290
Working Capital Fund	8,905,399

*USAID's DCA provides loan guarantees. The Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 requires obligations in support of these loan guarantees.

The Department of Agriculture Table shows the comprehensive list of all food aid accounts and USDA's technical assistance programs.

Food Aid is comprised of historic legislative programs and the current legislative programs of PL-480 and Section 416(b). Food for Education was funded under Section 416(b), however in fiscal year 2004 it became a separate appropriation account known as the McGovern Dole Global Food for Education. All Food Aid is funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). PL-480 Title I programs are funded and implemented by USDA. PL-480 Titles II and III programs are funded by USDA and implemented by USAID.

Fiscal Year 2006
B. Department of Agriculture	$2,3033,022,387
Food Aid Total	2,013,262,751
Public Law 480 Program Account, Title I	194,173,175
Commodity Credit Corporation, Title II	58,197,164
Public Law 480 Title II Grants	1,544,266,400
Commodity Credit Corporation, Food for Progress	22,907,711
Public Law 480, Section 416 (b)	112,570,972
McGovern-Dole Intl Food for Education & Child Nutrition Program	81,147,330
Other USDA Assistance	19,759,636
Food Safety and Inspection Service	35,000
Cooperative Research Education and Extension Service	918,400
National Forest System, Forest Service	2,397,000
Animal Plant Health Inspection Service	4,613,000
Foreign Agricultural Service	11,796,236

The Department of State Table shows the comprehensive list of international assistance accounts for the State Department.

Fiscal Year 2006
C. Department of State	$5,342,903,861
Global HIV/AIDs Initiative	1,788,156,339
Narcotics Control	1,967,209,044
Andean Counterdrug Initiative	1,571,139,015
International Narcotics Control & Law Enforcement	396,070,030
Migration and Refugee Assistance	906,409,633
Migration and Refugee Assistance	862,040,112
United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund	44,369,521
Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining & Related Programs	370,734,435
Other State Assistance	310,394,409
Democracy Fund	32,568,094
Diplomatic And Consular Programs	4,760,000
Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs	3,385,707
Iraq Relief & Reconstruction Fund	200,566,661
National Endowment for Democracry	69,113,947

The Other Economic Assistance Table shows the comprehensive list of foreign assistance outside of USAID, the Department of Agriculture and the Department of State. Details on Inactive Loans and Grants funding categories are in a later section titled "Inactive Loans and Grants Notes".

Fiscal Year 2006
D. Other Economic Assistance	$8,274,670,466
Millennium Challenge Corporation	1,133,102,913
Peace Corps	318,583,302
Department of Defense Security Assistance	4,735,008,511
Defense Emergency Response Fund	691,847,003
Defense Health Program	5,557,388
Drug Interdiction & Counter-Drug Activities	357,728,000
Former Soviet Union Threat Reductiont	409,940,207
Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund	3,088,248,450
Operation and Maintenance	29,292,463
Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster, and Civic Aid	152,395,000
Other Active Grant Programs	2,087,975,721
African Development Foundation	22,907,219
Compact of Free Association, Interior	174,922,971
Customs and Border Protection, DHS	not reported
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, Energy	881,829,400
Department of Justice	126,962
Department of Labor	65,829,513
Department of Transportation	not reported
Disease Control, Research and Training, CDC	294,625,452
EPA, Environmental Programs and Management	38,787,938
EPA, Environmental Protection Agency, Science and Technology	650,270
EPA, State and Tribal Assistance Grants	49,013,500
Inter-American Foundation	21,020,079
International Affairs Technical Assistance	38,202,650
Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund	6,129,244
Multinational Species Conservation Fund, Fish & Wildlife Service	13,911,744
National Institutes of Health	373,000,000
Operations, Research & Facilities, NOAA	5,985,415
Patent and Trademark Office	1,067,531
Payment to Open World Leadership Center Trust Fund	13,458,414
Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund	1,131,346
Scientific & Technical Research & Services, NIST	320,000
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration	785,243
Trade and Development Agency	59,007,690
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service	25,263,139
Inactive Programs	See Inactive Notes

The Voluntary Contributions to Multilateral Organizations Table includes contributions to any International Financial Institution (IFI) with individual appropriation accounts as well as other voluntary contributions to international organizations. Non-voluntary contributions, or assessed membership fees, are included in non-concessional support.

Fiscal Year 2006
E. Voluntary Contributions to Multilateral Organizations	$1,491,648,031
African Development Bank	3,613,061
African Development Fund	134,343,000
Asian Development Bank	99,000,000
Enterprise for the Americas Multilateral Investment Fund	1,724,100
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development	1,005,520
Inter-American Development Bank	1,731,481
International Development Association	752,400,000
International Fund for Agricultural Development	41,850,000
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency	1,288,449
Global Environment Facility	79,200,000
Global Fund to Fight HIV/AID, Malaria and Tuberculosis	99,000,000
International Organizations and Programs	303,492,420

Important Note: Official Development Assistance (ODA) is reported by all donor countries, including the United States, to the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). All programs listed above under "Economic Assistance" are considered ODA eligible by the DAC. However, Greenbook data and ODA are not directly comparable. The OECD/DAC has additional program coverage, reports in calendar year as opposed to fiscal year and emphasizes disbursements rather than obligations.

Military Assistance
The Military Assistance Table includes the comprehensive list of military accounts with a non-economic development purpose. Military accounts with a development purpose are included under the "Other Economic Assistance" category above. For FY2006, the Defense Security Cooperation Agency was unable to report Foreign Military Financing (FMF), International Military Education and Training (IMET), and Military Assistance Program in time for publication. Appropriations data for all FMF and IMET were collected from the State Department's Foreign Operations Congressional Budget Justification for the FY2006 Greenbook.

Fiscal Year 2006
II. Military Assistance	$12,070,377,956
Afghanistan Security Forces Fund	1,809,000,000
Excess Defense Articles	2,889,112
Foreign Military Financing Grants	4,464,900,000
International Military Education & Training	85,877,000
Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund	140,542,844
Military Assistance Program	not reported
Iraq Security Forces Fund	5,296,000,000
Operation and Maintenance, Defense-Wide	27,550,000
Peace Keeping Operations	246,619,000

Non-Concessional Support
Non-Concessional support is broken into the following categories: Non-Concessional U.S. Loans and Annual Obligations to International Organizations. Non-Concessional U.S. Loans consists of Export-Import Bank Loans and Other Non-Concessional U.S. Loans, including Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC). Since 1999, OPIC annual loan data are the only other non-concessional loans. However, due to limited reporting by OPIC, it is impossible to separate the amount of direct loans from loan guarantees. The data in this book are direct loans and loan guarantees.

Fiscal Year 2006
Non-Concessional U.S. Loans	$1,529,670,324
Export-Import Bank	62,412,695
Overseas Private Investment Coporation	1,467,257,629
Contributions to International Organizations [Assessed]	1,929,316,000
Contributions to International Organizations	852,367,000
Contributions to Peacekeeping Activities	1,076,949,000

Inactive Loans and Grants Notes

The report covers development assistance over a period of more than fifty years. There have been a number of changes in the types of assistance programs covered. The following tables detail the accounts that have become inactive, the last year of reported data, and the total funding assistance over the life of the account.

Some historical data are not available by individual accounts because annual data were subsumed into aggregate funding categories. For example, subsumed in historical USAID Loan and Grant data are obligations from such appropriation accounts as: Sahel Development Program, Sub-Saharan Disaster Assistance, Special Assistance, Defense Support, Direct Forces Support, Indochina Postwar Reconstruction, Middle East Special Requirements Fund, and Assistance to Portuguese Colonies in Africa. Obligations for these accounts are not available due to past reporting procedures.

Inactive Loans	Last Year of Funding	Total Amount
Loans		$8,064,204,000
British Loan	1947	3,750,000,000
Domestic Surplus	1948	4,900,000
Merchant Ships	1948	1,200,000
Overseas Surplus	1948	43,500,000
Lend Lease Silver	1949	61,300,000
Government & Relief in Occupied Areas (GARIOLA)	1950	800,000,000
Philippines Funding	1951	34,000,000
COG Offset to Grant	1952	490,000,000
Defense Mobilization Development	1953	6,400,000
Strategic Materials Development	1954	11,600,000
Defense Materials Development	1960	61,102,000
UN Headquartes & Bonds	1964	141,300,000
Reconstruction Finances Corporation (RFC) Note	1969	63,000,000
Atomic Energy	1972	16,700,000
Ryukyu Statement	1972	320,000,000
U.S. Surplus Property	1972	1,430,601,000
European Atomic Community	1974	72,400,000
Emergency Food Aid	1975	242,200,000
Binational Center Loans	1984	2,421,000
Admin Area Development	1987	11,147,000
Social Progress Trust Fund (Loans)	1988	500,433,000

Inactive Grants	Last Year of Funding	Total Amount
Inactive Grant Programs		$10,846,395,000
International Committee on Refugees	1947	3,700,000
UN Relief & Rehabilitation Agency (UNRRA)	1947	1,077,400,000
UN Relief & Works Agency - Palestine Refugees	1948	317,100,000
UNRRA & Interim Aid	1948	1,262,000,000
UNRRA & Post UNRRA	1948	407,201,000
Greek-Turkish Aid	1950	122,500,000
Emergency Relief	1951	37,600,000
International Children's Fund	1951	80,800,000
International Refugees	1951	237,000,000
Berlin Investment Fund	1953	12,900,000
Pakistan Relief Act (PL 77)	1953	67.400,000
Post UNRRA Interim Aid	1953	499,500,000
Famine Relief (PL 216)	1954	1,600,000
Foot & Mouth Disease	1955	93,800,000
Civilian Relief in Korea (CRIK)	1956	420,200,000
Philippines Rehabilitation	1963	707,500,000
Government & Relief in Occupied Areas (GARIOA)	1967	3,733,902,000
Pre-treaty Claims	1967	21,000,000
Disaster Relief	1968	13,800,000
Civilian Supplies	1972	296,800,000
Social Progress Trust Fund	1976	106,300,000
Development & Support	1977	751,550,000
Institute of American Affairs (IAA)	1977	55,705,000
Refugees from Russia	1982	280,000,000
Inter-American Highway	1985	213,482,000
Technical Assistance	1985	25,655,000

* Some inactive programs have been superseded by similar and more recent programs.

Time Period Notes

Country and regional pages contain historical summary data, the most current four years of annual data, cumulative total and information on loan status. Summary data are available for each legislative authority: Post-War Relief (1946-1948), Marshall Plan (1949-1952), Mutual Security Act (1953-1961) and Foreign Assistance Act (1962-present). Detailed annual data on prior years can be found on the website at http://qesdb.usaid.gov/gbk/index.html.

Loan Status

Total loans and grants is the sum of annual data from 1945 to the present. The portion ascribed to loans is reported in the "Of which Loans" column. The outstanding amount as of September 30th, 2006 is the total amount due the U.S. Government for all loans made during the period 1946 to the present, as reported by the U.S. Department of Treasury. Decreases in the outstanding amount reflect both repayments on loans and debt forgiveness. Private loans to foreign entities that are guaranteed and/or insured by the U.S. Government are not included in this publication. Claims acquired by the U.S. Government upon default under these programs are also not included, however, capitalization of the defaults are included. Therefore, outstanding loan balance may be greater than total loan and grants.

Glossary of Terms

Appropriations- an act of the United States Congress allowing U.S. Federal Agencies to incur obligations for specified purposes.

Authorization - substantive legislation that establishes legal operation of a Federal program, either indefinitely or for a specific period of time, and sanctions particular program funding levels.

Fiscal Year (FY) - an accounting period of 365 days (366 in leap years), but not necessarily starting on January 1. The fiscal year of the United States Government begins on October 1 and ends on September 30 and is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. Prior to FY 1977, the U.S. fiscal year ran from July 1 through June 30. The three-month transition period in 1976 (July 1 through September 30) is treated as a distinct reporting period.

Grant - cash transfers for which the recipient incurs no legal debt.

Loan - transfers for which the recipient incurs a legal debt and repayment is required overtime, with or without interest, in convertible currencies or in kind.

Obligation - a binding agreement that will result in outlays, immediately or in the future. Budget resources must be available before obligations can be legally incurred.

New for 2006

Expanded data coverage, reporting from twenty-four U.S. Government Agencies
Collaboration with the Department of State's Office of Global HIV/AIDS Coordination (OGAC) led to improvements on the reporting of U.S. Government HIV/AIDS data
Added Israeli Scholarship Program which accounts for $7.5M is assistance to Israeli ($5M obligated in 1992, $2.5M obligated in 1995)
A new account, the Defense Security Forces Fund for both Iraq and Afghanistan was added, totaling $7.3 billion in assistance for FY 2005–FY 2006
Inclusion of Health and Human Service's funding for the President's Malaria Initiative, totaling $1.58 million for FY 2005–FY 2006
A new program, the Commanders' Humanitarian Relief and Reconstruction Program (CHRRP) was included, covering years 2004 to 2006. This program was created to allow for the use of IRRF 2 funds for military assistance reconstruction programs in Iraq
Added a new source which captures previously un-reported international assistance data from the Department of Health and Human Services on avian flu, disease prevention and The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)

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