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Contents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction Hermeneutics and Intended Meaning Interpretation and the Problem of Distance The Inspiration and Authority of Scripture Meaning Is Genre-Dependent The Simplicity and Clarity of Scripture The Unity and Diversity of Scripture The Analogy of Scripture The Place of the Reader in Interpretation Expository Preaching Conclusion Part I General Hermeneutics 1 Context The Historical Context The Logical Context 1. Studying the Whole: Charting a Book 2. Studying the Parts: Diagramming the Paragraph Rhetorical or Compositional Pattern 2 Grammar The Preliminary Task: Establishing the Text 1. External Criteria 2. Internal Criteria Grammatical Analysis of the Text 1. The Historical Development 2. The Verb System 3. The Noun System 4. Prepositions, Particles and Clauses Exegetical Procedures 3 Semantics Semantic Fallacies 1. The Lexical Fallacy 2. The Root Fallacy 3. Misuse of Etymology 4. Misuse of Subsequent Meaning 5. The One-Meaning Fallacy 6. Misuse of Parallels 7. The Disjunctive Fallacy 8. The Word Fallacy 9. Ignoring the Context Basic Semantic Theory 1. Meaning 2. Sense and Reference 3. Structural Linguistics 4. Context 5. Deep Structure 6. Syntax and Semantics 7. Semantic Range 8. Connotative Meaning 9. Semantic Field/Paradigmatic Research: Synonymity, Antonymity and Componential Analysis 10. Ambiguity and Double Meaning Conclusion: A Methodology for Lexical Study 4 Syntax Biblical Transformations Propositional Display of Philemon 4-7 Performative and Emotive Language Figures of Speech 1. Figures of Comparison 2. Figures of Addition or Fullness of Expression 3. Incomplete Figures of Speech 4. Figures Involving Contrast or Understatement 5. Figures Centering on Association or Relation 6. Figures Stressing the Personal Dimension Conclusion Biblical Examples 1. Zephaniah 3:14-17 2. Ephesians 3:16-19 Conclusion Excursus on Transformational Grammar Excursus on Rhetorical Criticism Excursus on the Inclusive-Language Debate 5 Historical and Cultural Backgrounds Areas for Research 1. Geography 2. Politics 3. Economics 4. Military and War 5. Cultural Practices 6. Religious Customs 7. Summary Specific Sources for Background Material 1. Old Testament Allusions 2. Intertestamental Allusions 3. Qumran Parallels 4. Rabbinic Parallels 5. Hellenistic Parallels 6. Summary Sociology as a Tool for Interpreting Scripture Problems in the Sociological Approach 1. Misuse of the Models 2. Revisionism 3. Tendency to Generalize 4. The Paucity of the Data 5. Tendency to Debunk the Systems 6. Reductionism 7. Theoretical Disarray 8. Determinism Evaluation and Methodology Part 2 Genre Analysis 6 Old Testament Law The Uses of ????????in the Old Testament Law Codes or Collections Clean and Unclean The Sacrificial System The Old Testament and New Testament Saints 7 Narrative Interpreting Biblical Narrative 1. Source Criticism 2. Form Criticism 3. Redaction Criticism The Methodology of Narrative Criticism 1. Implied Author and Narrator 2. Point of View, Ideology and Narrative World 3. Narrative and Story Time 4. Plot 5. Characterization and Dialogue 6. Setting 7. Implicit Commentary 8. The Implied Reader 9. Conclusion The Weaknesses of Narrative Criticism 1. A Dehistoricizing Tendency 2. Setting Aside the Author 3. A Denial of Intended or Referential Meaning 4. Reductionistic and Disjunctive Thinking 5. The Imposition of Modern Literary Categories on Ancient Genres 6. A Preoccupation with Obscure Theories 7. Ignoring the Understanding of the Early Church 8. Conclusion Methodological Principles for Studying Narrative Texts 1. Structural Analysis 2. Stylistic Analysis 3. Redactional Analysis 4. Exegetical Analysis 5. Theological Analysis 6. Contextualization 7. Narrative Form and the Sermon 8 Poetry The Structure of the Psalms The Form of Hebrew Poetry 1. Metrical Patterns 2. Parallelism 3. Poetic Language and Imagery Types of Poetry 1. War Songs 2. Love Songs 3. Lament 4. Hymns or Praise Songs 5. Thanksgiving Hymns 6. Songs of Celebration and Affirmation 7. Wisdom and Didactic Psalms 8. Imprecatory Psalms Poetry in the New Testament Theology in the Psalms Hermeneutical Principles 9 Wisdom Characteristics of Wisdom 1. A Practical Orientation 2. Dependence on God 3. Indirect Authority 4. Creation Theology The Forms of Wisdom Literature 1. The Proverb 2. The Saying 3. The Riddle 4. The Admonition 5. The Allegory 6. Hymns and Prayers 7. The Dialogue 8. The Confession 9. Onomastica 10. Beatitudes Wisdom in the New Testament Hermeneutical Principles Excursus: The History of Wisdom Teaching 10 Prophecy The Nature of the Prophetic Role 1. The Call of the Prophet 2. The Complex Role of the Prophet The Nature of the Prophetic Message 1. Present and Future Interact 2. The Revelatory State Differed 3. The Forms of Prophetic Proclamation Vary Hermeneutical Principles 11 Apocalyptic Formal Features and Characteristics 1. The Formal Features 2. Characteristics The Interpretation of Symbols Hermeneutical Principles Excursus: The Origins of Apocalyptic 12 Parable The Meaning and Use of Parables The Purpose of Parables The Characteristics of Parables 1. Earthiness 2. Conciseness 3. Major and Minor Points 4. Repetition 5. Conclusion at the End 6. Listener-relatedness 7. Reversal of Expectation 8. Kingdom-centered Eschatology 9. Kingdom Ethics 10. God and Salvation in the Parables Hermeneutical Principles Excursus: The History of Interpretation 13 Epistle Letter-Writing in the Ancient World New Testament Epistles 1. The Form 2. Authorship Hermeneutical Principles 14 The Old Testament in the New Testament The Canon and the Septuagint Jewish Exegetical Patterns 1. The Targums 2. Midrash 3. The Pesher Interpretation at Qumran Appropriation Techniques 1. Typology 2. Allegory 3. Reorienting the Text for New Meanings A Method for Understanding the Use of the Old Testament in the New Testament 1. Original Meaning 2. Jewish Understanding 3. Meaning in Its New Testament Context Tendencies in the Use of the Old Testament in the New Testament 1. Matthew 2. John 3. Acts 4. Paul 5. Hebrews 6. Revelation Conclusion Part 3 Applied Hermeneutics 15 Biblical Theology Relationship to Other Disciplines 1. Biblical Theology and Exegesis 2. Biblical Theology and Historical Theology 3. Biblical Theology and Systematic Theology 4. Biblical Theology and Homiletical Theology Specific Problem Areas 1. Unity and Diversity 2. Tradition History 3. Theology and Canon 4. The Analogia Fidei and Progressive Revelation 5. Authority 6. History and Theology 7. Language, Text and Meaning 8. Old Testament and New Testament Toward a Methodology 1. The Synthetic Method 2. The Analytical Method 3. The History of Religions Method 4. Diachronic and Tradition-Critical Methods 5. The Christological Method 6. The Confessional Method 7. The Narrative Method 8. The Multiplex Method 9. The Problem of a Unifying Center Conclusion 16 Systematic Theology The Components of Theological Construction 1. Scripture 2. Tradition 3. Community 4. Experience 5. Philosophy Issues in Theological Construction 1. Inspiration/Revelation 2. The Question of Metaphor 3. Theological Models 4. Tentativeness and Authority of Theological Assertions 5. Theology as Contextualization 6. Verification or Validation of Theological Assertions 7. The Politics of Theological Decision Making 8. The Postmodern Turn 9. Theological Method and Systematic Theology Hermeneutical Principles 17 Homiletics I: Contextualization Biblical Examples Current Issues Cultural and Supracultural Norms in Scripture Hermeneutical Model Principles for Determining Supracultural Content A Method for Contextualization Conclusion 18 Homiletics II: The Sermon The Place of the Holy Spirit A Devotional Experience A Biblical Theology of Preaching From Text to Sermon Principles for Determining Application Practical Methods for Applying a Text 1. Focusing the Claims of the Truth 2. Suggesting Ways and Means 3. Persuasion and Motivation Conclusion Level 1: Meaning/Interpretation Level 2: Interpretation/Relevance Level 3: Contextualization/Application Level 4: Preparing the Sermon Excursus on Preparing the Sermon Excursus on Style Appendix 1 The Problem of Meaning: The Issues The Problem of the Reader and the Text 1. Author-centered Hermeneutics 2. The Movement Away from Author-Text: Gadamer 3. Structuralism 4. Poststructuralism 5. Reader-Response Criticism 6. Deconstruction 7. Conclusion Mediating Positions 1. Paul Ricoeur 2 Canon-Critical Approaches 3. Wittgenstein and His Followers 4. The Return of the Author: Betti, Hirsch, Juhl Summary Appendix 2 The Problem of Meaning: Toward a Solution Meaning and Reference: The Contribution of Analytical Philosophy The Sociology of Knowledge, Paradigm Structure and Intentionality 1. Sociology of Knowledge 2. Paradigm Change and Paradigm Communities 3. Intentionality 4. Probability Theory 5. Critical Realism Propositional Truth and the Logic of Narrativity A Field Approach to Hermeneutics Notes Bibliography Subject Index Author Index Index to Scripture and Other Ancient Writings
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Bible -- Hermeneutics.