January 1990 - June 1993 QB 93-65 Quick Bibliography Series: QB 93-65 (Updates QB 91-53) 106 citations from AGRICOLA Bonnie Emmert and Joe Makuch Water Quality Information Center September 1993 Quick Bibliography Series Bibliographies in the Quick Bibliography series of the National Agricultural Library (NAL), are intended primarily for current awareness, and as the title of the series implies, are not in-depth and exhaustive. However, the citations are a substantial resource for recent investigations on a given topic. They also serve the purpose of bringing the literature of agriculture to the interested user who, in many cases, could not access it by any other means. The bibliographies are derived from online searches of the AGRICOLA database. Timeliness of topic and evidence of extensive interest are the selection criteria. Send suggestions for Quick Bibliographies on water-related topics to wqic@nalusda.gov The author/searcher determines the purpose, length, and search strategy of the Quick Bibliography. Information regarding these is available from the author/searcher. The inclusion or omission of a particular publication or citation should not be construed as endorsement or disapproval. An author and subject index is provided along with the search strategy. PLEASE NOTE: Information on document delivery services,interlibrary loan requests and copyright restrictions is appended to this bibiiography. If Quick Bibliography files are copied and/or distributed, please include this information in all copies. ******************************************************************** Water Quality and Forestry 1 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7 An assessment of the ecological effects of acidic deposition. Huckabee, J.W.; Mattice, J.S.; Pitelka, L.F.; Porcella, D.B.; Goldstein, R.A. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1989 Jan. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 18 (1/2): p. 3-27; 1989 Jan. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Acid deposition; Ecosystems; Surface water; Acidification; Fish; Wild birds; Responses; Forest damage; Crop damage 2 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52 Benthic macroinvertebrate community structure in 20 streams of varying pH and humic content. Kullberg, A. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1992. Environmental pollution v. 78 (1/3): p. 103-106; 1992. In the special issue: Effects of acidic pollutants on freshwater plants and animals / edited by B. Morrison. Paper presented at the "Fourth International Conference on Acidic Deposition: Its Nature and Impacts," September 16-21, 1990, Glasgow, Scotland. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sweden; Aquatic insects; Insect communities; Species diversity; Streams; Ph; Humus; Humic acids; Water quality; Aluminum; Benthos; Coniferous forests; Community ecology; Freshwater ecology 3 NAL Call. No.: SD12.O5F67 Best management practices for forest road construction and harvesting operations in Oklahoma. Turton, D.; Anderson, S.; Miller, R. Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1992 Dec. Forestry extension report - Cooperative Extension Service, Division of Agriculture, Oklahoma State University (5): 32 p.; 1992 Dec. Language: English Descriptors: Oklahoma; Water quality; Water conservation; Streams; Stream erosion; Forests; Roads; Road construction; Logging 4 NAL Call. No.: 57.8 P34AE Biogeochemistry of certain forested landscapes of different temperature regions. Bazilevich, N.I.; Shitikova, T.Y. New York, N.Y. : Scripta Technica; 1990. Soviet soil science v. 22 (1): p. 1-13; 1990. Translated from: Pochvovedeniye, (7), 1989, p. 11-23. (57.8 P34). Includes references. Language: English; Russian Descriptors: U.S.S.R.in europe; South America; Forest soils; Boreal forests; Tropical rain forests; Forest steppe soils; Taiga soils; Biogeochemical cycles; Biological production; Water composition and quality; Mineral content; Nitrogen content; Chemical composition; Nutrient cycles; Nutrient balance; Ecosystems; Tropical zones; Temperate zones 5 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 BMPs for stream crossings. Lanford, B.L.; Burdette, D. Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1992 Jan. Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn University (641): 4 p.; 1992 Jan. In subseries: Natural Resources. Language: English Descriptors: Alabama; Streams; Water pollution; Riverbank protection; Forestry practices; Culverts; Bridges 6 NAL Call. No.: HC79.E5E5 Brazil's Balbina Dam: environment versus the legacy of the pharaohs in Amazonia. Fearnside, P.M. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1989 Jul. Environmental management v. 13 (4): p. 401-423. ill., maps; 1989 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Brazil; Tropical rain forests; Dams; Hydroelectric schemes; Environmental degradation; Program evaluation; Water pollution 7 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Changes in the composition of the Danube River basin biocenosis resulting from anthropogenic influences. Pujin, V. Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1990. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control v. 22 (5): p. 13-30; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Europe; River water; Water pollution; River basins; Biocenosis; Ecosystems; Flood plain forests and forestry; Flooded land; Eutrophication; Phytoplankton; Zooplankton; Benthos 8 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52 Comparative impacts of forest harvest and acid precipitation on soil and streamwater acidity. Hornbeck, J.W. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1992. Environmental pollution v. 77 (2/3): p. 151-155; 1992. In the special issue: Effects of acidic pollutants on the chemistry of freshwater streams and lakes / edited by R. Harriman. Paper presented at the "Fourth International Conference on Acidic Deposition: Its Nature and Impacts," September 16-21, 1990, Glasgow, Scotland. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New Hampshire; Acid rain; Acid deposition; Whole tree logging; Soil ph; Soil acidity; Forest soils; Coniferous forests; Watersheds; Weathering; Hydrogen ions; Acidification; Streams; Ph 9 NAL Call. No.: TD419.R47 A comparison of surface-grab and cross sectionally integrated stream-water-quality sampling methods. Martin, G.R.; Smoot, J.L.; White, K.D. Alexandria, Va. : The Federation; 1992 Nov. Water environment reserarch v. 64 (7): p. 866-876; 1992 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Kentucky; River water; Water quality; Sampling; Site types; Farmland; Forests 10 NAL Call. No.: Q125.E5 Cooperation and conflict in a federal-municipal watershed: a case study of Portland, Oregon. Wilson, R.R. Newark, N.J. : American Society for Environmental History; 1992. Environmental history review v. 16 (3): p. 71-90; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Washington; Forest management; Forest influences; Watersheds; Water supply; Water quality; Logging; Watershed management; Forest policy; Historical records 11 NAL Call. No.: SD1.S63 Costs of protecting water quality during harvesting on private forestlands in the southeast. Lickwar, P.; Hickman, C.; Cubbage, F.W. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1992 Feb. Southern journal of applied forestry v. 16 (1): p. 13-20; 1992 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alabama; Florida; Georgia; Harvesting; Logging; Water quality; Protection; Resource conservation; Economic analysis; Costs Abstract: Data on harvest volumes, topography, and other site and area characteristics were obtained from 22 timber harvests in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. An economic analysis was then used to estimate the marginal costs of implementing each state's recommended Best Management Practices (BMPs), as well as a set of enhanced BMPs an these sites. Considering all of the areas combined, the costs of using the recommended BMPs averaged 2.9% of gross timber sale revenue, $2.34 per thousand board feet (mbf) of timber harvested, or $12.45/ac. The cost of implementing the enhanced BMPs averaged 5.1% of gross stumpage value, $4.13/mbf, or $21.94/ac. Seed, fertilizer, and mulch, broad based dips, and water bars were the most expensive practices on a total cost basis. Culvert installation, streamside management zones, and road relocation costs were less expensive for most tracts. 12 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.F6 Cumulative effects on an ecosystem. Tippets, B. Fort Collins, Colo. : The Service; 1990 Sep. Forestry research west - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. p. 1-5. ill; 1990 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nevada; Ecosystems; National forests; Water quality; Research 13 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Dissolved organic carbon cycling in forested watersheds: a carbon isotope approach. Schiff, S.L.; Aravena, R.; Trumbore, S.E.; Dillon, P.J. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1990 Dec. Water resources research v. 26 (12): p. 2949-2957. ill., maps; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Watersheds; Forests; Carbon cycle; Carbon; Isotope labeling; Catchment hydrology; Water quality Abstract: Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is important in the acid-base chemistry of acid-sensitive freshwater systems; in the complexation, mobility, persistence, and toxicity of metals and other pollutants; and in lake carbon metabolism. Carbon isotopes (13C and 14C) are used to study the origin, transport, and fate of DOC in a softwater catchment in central Ontario. Precipitation, soil percolates, groundwaters, stream, beaver pond, and lake waters, and lake sediment pore water were characterized chemically and isotopically. In addition to total DOC, isotopic measurements were made on the humic and fulvic DOC fractions. The lake is a net sink for DOC. delta 14C results indicate that the turnover time of most of the DOC in streams, lakes, and wetlands is fast, less than 40 years, and on the same time scale as changes in acidic deposition. DOC in groundwaters is composed of older carbon than surface waters, indicating extensive cycling of DOC in the upper soil zone or aquifer. 14 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Downstream effects of timber harvesting on channel morphology in Elk River Basin, Oregon. Ryan, S.E.; Grant, G.E. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jan. Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (1): p. 60-72; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Logging; Landslides; Floods; Sediment; Water erosion; Aerial photography; Canopy; Channels; Environmental impact; Riparian forests; Water quality; Water resources Abstract: Downstream effects, a type of cumulative watershed effect, were identified using changes in the width and distribution of open riparian canopies measured from aerial photography taken between 1956 and 1979 in Elk River basin, southwest Oregon. Open canopies appear on serial photographs of densely forested basins as unvegetated areas bordering stream channels. Opening occurs when large disturbances, such as landslides, debris flows, large floods, and excessive sedimentation, disrupt the vegetation in the riparian corridor. Downstream changes in channel morphology, inferred by the changing pattern of open reaches were linked to upslope forestry activities; a causal link was assumed where: (i) open reaches extended continuously downstream from clearcuts and roads or (ii) the timing and pattern of opening downstream varied in direct relation to the intensity of upslope forestry activities. Open riparian canopies were observed in first- through fifth-order channels, though only 11% of open reaches in low-order channels were spatially connected to open reaches in higher order channels. Open reaches on low-order tributaries were attributed to landslides and surface erosion generated from clearcuts and roads; the total length of open reaches in low-order channels increased 30-fold during the study period. Open reaches occurred on higher-order channels throughout the study period but did not increase in size or change location in relation to upslope harvest activities. Instead, open canopies were restricted mainly to wide and low gradient channel reaches, which comprised approximately one- third of the length of higher-order channels. Limited downstream change in riparian canopies associated with upslope forestry activity during the study period, which included a 100-yr storm, was attributed to three physical factors: (i) lack of debris flows in most parts of the basin; (ii) channels constrained by competent hillslopes limiting the potential for opening; and (iii) low harve 15 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 An ecohydrological framework for water yield changes of forested catchments due to forest decline and soil acidification. Caspary, H.J. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1990 Jun. Water resources research v. 26 (6): p. 1121-1131. ill; 1990 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water yield; Forest ecology; Catchment hydrology; Forest damage; Soil acidity; Acidification 16 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Effect of sulfometuron methyl on ground water and stream quality in coastal plain forest watersheds. Neary, D.G.; Michael, J.L. Minneapolis, Minn. : American Water Resources Association; 1989 Jun. Water resources bulletin v. 25 (3): p. 617-623. maps; 1989 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Florida; Pinus caribaea; Forest plantations; Herbicides; Groundwater; Residual effects; Water composition and quality; Environmental impact reporting; Coastal areas 17 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Effects of catchment liming and afforestation on the concentration and fractional composition of aluminium in the Loch Fleet catchment, SW Scotland. Grieve, I.C. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Jul. Journal of hydrology v. 115 (1/4): p. 385-396; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Scotland; Aluminum; Iron; Carbon; Anions; Acid deposition; Liming; Afforestation; Coniferous forests; Streams; Watersheds; Moorland; Land use; Catchment hydrology; Chemical composition; Water quality Abstract: Concentrations of total, total monomeric and organic monomeric forms of aluminium and of iron, anions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in streams draining one forested and two moorland catchments in southwest Scotland were measured over a 3-year period. Catchments were limed during the study and comparisons of stream chemistry were made before and after liming under the two land-use types. Within individual events, DOC and anion concentrations increased with increasing discharge, and aluminium concentrations showed little change with discharge. In the pre-liming phase as a whole, organic monomeric Al was strongly correlated with DOC and inorganic monomeric Al was strongly correlated with anions, particularly Cl. The forested catchment had higher mean DOC and SO4, but lower mean Al. After liming, Al concentrations were reduced, by up to 80% for monomeric forms, and these low levels prevented observation of correlations with DOC and anions. Liming treatments were effective in both forested and moorland catchments, lasted for at least 2.5 years after treatment, and low rates of application to bog areas were as effective as entire catchment treatments. 18 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52 Effects of clearfelling on stream and soil water aluminium chemistry in three UK forests. Reynolds, B.; Stevens, P.A.; Adamson, J.K.; Hughes, S.; Roberts, J.D. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1992. Environmental pollution v. 77 (2/3): p. 157-165; 1992. In the special issue: Effects of acidic pollutants on the chemistry of freshwater streams and lakes / edited by R. Harriman. Paper presented at the "Fourth International Conference on Acidic Deposition: Its Nature and Impacts," September 16-21, 1990, Glasgow, Scotland. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wales; Northern england; Clearcutting; Picea sitchensis; Coniferous forests; Aluminum; Soil chemistry; Water quality; Anions; Nitrate; Chloride; Sulfate; Acidification; Soil water; Forest soils 19 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Effects of forest fertilization on stream water chemistry in the Appalachians. Edwards, P.J.; Kochenderfer, J.N.; Seegrist, D.W. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1991 Mar. Water resources bulletin v. 27 (2): p. 265-274; 1991 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: West Virginia; Streams; Water quality; Watersheds; Forest soils; Triple superphosphate; Ammonium nitrate; Nitrate nitrogen; Phosphorus; Seepage; Losses from soil systems 20 NAL Call. No.: QH345.B564 Effects of forest fire and drought on acidity of a base-poor boreal forest stream: similarities between climatic warming and acidic precipitation. Bayley, S.E.; Schindler, D.W.; Parker, B.R.; Stainton, M.P.; Beaty, K.G. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992. Biogeochemistry v. 17 (3): p. 191-204; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Boreal forests; Acid rain; Air temperature; Climatic change; Drought; Fire effects; Streams; Sulfates; Water pollution; Watersheds; Wildfires 21 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Effects of forest herbicide applications on streamwater chemistry in southwestern British Columbia. Feller, M.C. Minneapolis, Minn. : American Water Resources Association; 1989 Jun. Water resources bulletin v. 25 (3): p. 607-616. maps; 1989 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: British Columbia; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Forest plantations; Glyphosate; Herbicides; Streams; Water pollution; Water composition and quality; Chemical analysis 22 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Effects of partial deforestation of hydrology and salinity in high salt storage landscapes. I. Extensive block clearing. Ruprecht, J.K.; Schofield, N.J. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1991 Dec. Journal of hydrology v. 129 (1/4): p. 19-38; 1991 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western australia; Deforestation; Land clearance; Watersheds; Catchment hydrology; Groundwater level; Streams; Stream flow; Salinity; Water quality; Agricultural land; Land use; Agricultural development Abstract: A small (344ha) experimental catchment in southwest Western Australia was partially deforested (western 53% of the catchment) in 1976 to study the effects of agricultural development on water quantity and quality. The impact on the groundwater system in the cleared area was dramatic. Initial rates of rise were only 0.11 m year-1 but this increased after 10 years to average 2.3 m year-1. Groundwater rises of 15 m in the valley and 20-25 m on the lower sideslopes were observed over 13 years. A small seep (groundwater discharge area) appeared for the first time in 1988 and by 1989 it covered an area of 1 ha. Streamflow initially increased by 30 mm year-1 (4.0% rainfall) compared with a native forest average streamflow of 8 mm year-1 (1.0% rainfall). However, since the seep area developed, the increase in streamflow has been 50 mm year-1 (6.6% rainfall). Stream salinity was low prior to clearing (30 mgl-1 Cl-) and remained low for 9 years after clearing. However, since 1987. stream salinity increased dramatically as the ground water approached the ground surface, and by 1989 reached an annual average of 290 mgl-1 Cl-. The daily maximum in 1989 was 2200 mgl-1 Cl- compared with 92 mgl-1 Cl- from 1976 to 1986. The catchment changed from net salt accumulation pre-clearing to net salt export after 1987. Thirteen years after clearing, the groundwater level, stream yield, stream salt load and stream salinity had not reached equilibrium but were all still increasing. 23 NAL Call. No.: 99.9 N475 The effects of radiata pine plantation establishment and management on water yields and water quality--a review. Cornish, P.M. Sydney : The Commission; 1989 Dec. Technical paper - New South Wales Forestry Commission (49): 53 p.; 1989 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus radiata; Forest plantations; Water quality; Water yield; Hydrology 24 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 The effects of tree harvesting on stream-water quality at an acidic and acid-sensitive spruce forested area: Plynlimon, mid-Wales. Neal, C.; Fisher, R.; Smith, C.J.; Hill, S.; Neal, M.; Conway, T.; Ryland, G.P.; Jeffrey, H.A. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Jul. Journal of hydrology v. 135 (1/4): p. 305-319; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wales; Coniferous forests; Clearcutting; Deforestation; Logging effects; Watersheds; Streams; Water quality; Acidification; Stream flow; Seasonal fluctuations; Groundwater; Soil chemistry; Losses from soil systems; Catchment hydrology Abstract: The effects of a 3 year conifer harvesting programme on stream-water quality are described for the acidic and acid-sensitive Afon Hore catchment. Nitrate and potassium concentrations, initially almost quadrupled, have remained high for 4 years from the commencement of the harvesting programme. For the undisturbed (control) system, the fluctuations are small and peak during the winter months. With harvesting, a phase change takes place and peak concentrations occur during the autumn period. A similar pattern, but with no phase shift, is observed for dissolved organic matter, although concentrations increase less: peak concentrations occur during the summer to autumn periods. During the first 2 years of felling, aluminium concentrations increase in the winter period: after that, concentration differences are much smaller. During the summer base-flow period, alkalinity and calcium values decrease. Sodium and chloride concentrations increase with time owing to a corresponding increase in the rainfall input. This trend is not observed for the stream in the felled catchment. For sulphate, there is a general decline in concentration for both the control and felled areas. With felling, a seasonal pattern has been introduced: the lowest concentrations occur in winter. The results are interpreted in terms of: (1) reduced atmospheric scavenging of sea salt and sulphur due to the loss of the trees; (2) increased losses of the nutrients from the soils due to reduced uptake by the vegetation; (3) increased aluminium releases from the soil's cation exchange store following increased total inorganic anion concentrations resulting from nitrate generation from (2); (4) a reduced contribution of ground water to the stream or an increased acidification of the ground water. The results are discussed in relation to environmental and water management issues. Nitrate production will probably not be of importance to either, owing to the low levels found in the stream. The increase in alum 25 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Element budgets of two contrasting catchments in the Black Forest (Federal Republic of Germany). Feger, K.H.; Brahmer, G.; Zottl, H.W. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Aug. Journal of hydrology v. 116 (1/4): p. 85-99; 1990 Aug. Special issue: Transfer of elements through the hydrological cycle / C. Neal and M. Hornung, guest editors. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: German federal republic; Watersheds; Forests; Throughfall; Rain; Streams; Nitrogen; Sulfur; Deposition; Acidification; Biogeochemistry; Physicochemical properties; Biological activity in soil; Mineralization; Forest soils; Mountain areas Abstract: Rainfall and throughfall inputs of all major cations and anions, via open-field bulk precipitation and canopy throughfall, are compared with streamwater outputs in two forested catchments at higher altitudes of the Black Forest. The sites differ considerably in terms of bedrock geology, soil type, soilwater characteristics, topography, and forest management history. Deposition at both sites is almost equal and, in contrast to other forest areas in Central Europe, of a low-to-moderate level. Dry deposition does not seem to play an important role. Distinct differences in the elemental output emerge owing to the differing site conditions. At Villingen, deposited nitrogen is almost totally retained, whereas at Schluchsee, nitrogen output and input are of the same order of magnitude. This is consistent with the different nitrogen nutrition level of the stands, microbial turnover in the soil, and former management practices (change of tree species, excessive nutrient export). Sulphur is not retained in either of the catchments. At Schluchsee, sulphur export exceeds input from canopy throughfall by a factor of 2.5. The higher output rates, both of nitrogen and sulphur at Schluchsee, are due to the much higher microbial mineralization of organic matter as shown by previous incubation tests. Differences in cation and proton export are mainly caused by a different drainage pattern. In contrast to the Schluchsee catchment, where vertical water pathways prevail, the streamwater solute output at Villingen is dominated by a shallow subsurface runoff. Atmospheric deposition is a contributing, but not the dominant, factor in the biogeochemical cycling at these sites. Hence, a generally applicable quantitative definition of 'critical loads', especially for nitrogen, is illusory and the use of such numbers will be misleading. 26 NAL Call. No.: QH345.B564 Factors controlling throughfall chemistry in a balsam fir canopy: a modeling approach. Lovett, G.M.; Reiners, W.A.; Olson, R.K. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Nov. Biogeochemistry v. 8 (3): p. 239-264. ill; 1989 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest influences; Abies; Canopy; Leaves; Leaching; Rain; Simulation models; Water composition and quality; Water uptake 27 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 Fate, dissipation and environmental effects of pesticides in southern forests: a review of a decade of research progress. Neary, D.G.; Bush, P.B.; Michael, J.L. Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1993 Mar. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 12 (3): p. 411-428; 1993 Mar. Paper presented at the "Symposium on Pesticides in Forest Management, 11th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry," November 11-15, 1990, Arlington, Virginia. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Southern states of U.S.A.; Pesticides; Forestry; Ecosystems; Watersheds; Environmental impact; Water quality; Air quality; Groundwater pollution; Silviculture; Species diversity; Simulation models; Nontarget effects; Literature reviews 28 NAL Call. No.: HD1751.S6 no.89-22 1990 Federal and Virginia agricultural and forestry programs for enhancing soil and water quality., Rev. Jan. 15, 1990.. Brown, Cheryl L. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Dept. of Agricultural Economics Blacksburg, Va. : Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,; 1990. 25 leaves ; 30 cm. (SP (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Dept. of Agricultural Economics) ; 89-22.). Draft for review. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 22-25). Language: English 29 NAL Call. No.: 500 AS73 Forest blowdown and lake acidification. Dobson, J.E.; Rush, R.M.; Peplies, R.W. Washington, D.C. : The Association; 1990 Sep. Annals of the Association of American Geographers v. 80 (3): p. 343-361. ill., maps; 1990 Sep. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New York; Forest damage; Windfalls; Water quality; Lakes; Mountain areas; Acid deposition; Ph; Water pollution; Literature reviews 30 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Forest hydrologic research in China. Yu, X. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1991 Jan. Journal of hydrology v. 122 (1/4): p. 23-31; 1991 Jan. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: China; Forests; Hydrology; Research; Forest resources; Water resources; Forest influences; Water supply; Evapotranspiration; Precipitation; Runoff; Erosion; Water quality; Technology; Literature reviews Abstract: This paper gives the background and the main results of forest hydrologic research in China. 31 NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F768 Forest water quality protection: a comparison of regulatory and voluntary programs. Hawks, L.J.; Cubbage, F.W.; Haney, H.L. Jr; Shaffer, R.M.; Newman, D.H. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1993 May. Journal of forestry v. 91 (5): p. 48-54; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Virginia; Forests; Water quality; Legislation; Resource conservation 32 NAL Call. No.: 100 AR42F Forest watershed. Lawson, E.R.; Beasley, R.S.; Miller, E.L.; Turton, D.J. Fayetteville, Ark. : The Station; 1989 Nov. Arkansas farm research - Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station v. 38 (6): p. 6. maps; 1989 Nov. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Forests; Watersheds; Water composition and quality; Water yield; Research projects 33 NAL Call. No.: aSD433.A53 Forested wetlands in urbanizing landscapes. Brown, M.T. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1989 Jan. General technical report SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (50): p. 19-26. ill., maps; 1989 Jan. Paper presented at a "Symposium on the Forested Wetlands of the Southern United States," July 12-14, 1988, Orlando, Florida. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Florida; Wetlands; Forests; Urbanization; Legislation; Environmental protection; Communities; Vegetation types; Water composition and quality; Hydrology; Land use 34 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.M9E23 Forestry BMP's: forest stewardship guidelines for water quality. Logan, B.; Clinch, B. Bozeman, Mont. : The Service; 1991 Jul. EB - Montana State University, Extension Service (0096): 33 p.; 1991 Jul. Language: English Descriptors: Forest management; Forestry engineering; Streams; Roads; Harvesting 35 NAL Call. No.: 1.90 C2OU8 Forestry implications of water quality and wetland law. Siegel, W.C. Washington, D.C. : The Department; 1992. Outlook - Proceedings, Agricultural Outlook Conference, U.S. Department of Agriculture (68th): p. 172-179; 1992. Paper presented at "New opportunities for agriculture," December 3-5, 1991, Washington, DC. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Forest management; Water quality; Wetlands; Law; Environmental policy; Water pollution; Regulations 36 NAL Call. No.: 99.9 G795 no.86 Forests and surface water acidification. Nisbet, T. R. Great Britain, Forestry Commission London : HMSO,; 1990. v, 7, [1] p. : ill. ; 25 cm. (Forestry Commission bulletin ; 86). Summary also in French and German. Includes bibliographical references (p. 7-[8]). Language: English; English Descriptors: Acid pollution of rivers, lakes, etc; Great Britain; Forests and forestry; Great Britain; Environmental aspects; Acidification; Hydrology, Forest; Great Britain 37 NAL Call. No.: aSD433.A53 Functions and values of bottomland hardwood forests along the Cache River, Arkansas: implications for management. Clairain, E.J. Jr; Kleiss, B.A. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1989 Jan. General technical report SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (50): p. 27-33. maps; 1989 Jan. Paper presented at a "Symposium on the Forested Wetlands of the Southern United States," July 12-14, 1988, Orlando, Florida. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Rivers; Wetlands; Bottomlands; Hardwoods; Forests; Hydrology; Water composition and quality; Sediments; Wildlife; Habitats; Land use; Resource management 38 NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F768 Functions and values of forested wetlands in the southern United States. Walbridge, M.R. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1993 May. Journal of forestry v. 91 (5): p. 15-19; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Southern states of U.S.A.; Wetlands; Forests; Resource management; Water quality; Natural resources; Resource conservation 39 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Groundwater response to reforestation in the Darling Range of western Australia. Bell, R.W.; Schofield, N.; Loh, I.C.; Bari, M.A. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Jul. Journal of hydrology v. 115 (1/4): p. 297-317; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western australia; Water table; Salinity; Watersheds; Pastures; Land; Clearance; Afforestation; Land use; Agricultural development; Catchment hydrology; Water quality Abstract: Replacement of deep-rooted perennial vegetation with annual crops and pastures has led to rising groundwater tables and transport of previously stored salts to streams in south-west Western Australia. Trials to determine the potential of various reforestation strategies to reverse this process by lowering the groundwater table were commenced in 1976. Results are reported from six experimental sites for the period 1979-1986. Despite the mean annual rainfall of the experimental period being 10% below the 1926-1986 mean, groundwater levels under pasture rose by up to 1.2 m. The change in groundwater levels beneath reforestation ranged from a 0.6 m increase to a 3 m decrease relative to the ground surface. Groundwater levels under reforestation in all cases decreased relative to groundwater levels under pasture. The magnitude of this reduction was shown to increase with the proportion of cleared area reforested and with the crown cover of the reforestation. The salinity of the water table decreased by 12% under reforestation and by 32% under pasture over the period 1979-1986. 40 NAL Call. No.: SD143.S64 Guidelines and approaches for forest riparian management: state forest practice rules. Ice, G.G. Bethesda, Md. : The Society; 1990. Proceedings of the ... Society of American Foresters National Convention. p. 94-98; 1990. Paper presented at a meeting on "Forestry on the Frontier," Sept 24-27, 1989, Spokane, Washington. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest management; Riparian forests; States; Water composition and quality 41 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 Herbicide dissipation studies in southern forest ecosystems. Michael, J.L.; Neary, D.G. Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1993 Mar. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 12 (3): p. 405-410; 1993 Mar. Paper presented at the "Symposium on Pesticides in Forest Management, 11th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry," November 11-15, 1990, Arlington, Virginia. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Southeastern states of U.S.A.; Watersheds; Forests; Picloram; Hexazinone; Imazapyr; Sulfonylurea herbicides; Pollution; Application methods; Surface water; Streams; Forest soils; Vegetation; Persistence; Degradation; Half life; Literature reviews; Forestry 42 NAL Call. No.: QH540.E23 Historical relationships between research and resource management in the Apalacahicola River estuary. Livingston, R.J. Tempe, Ariz. : Ecological Society of America; 1991 Nov. Ecological applications v. 1 (4): p. 361-382; 1991 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Florida; Water pollution; Pesticide residues; Forestry practices; Organic matter; Nutrient availability; Estuaries; Aquatic organisms; Aquatic communities; Research projects 43 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Hydrochemical variations in spruce, beech, and grassland areas, Mont Lozere, southern France. Durand, P.; Neal, C.; Lelong, F.; Didon-Lescot, J.F. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1991 Dec. Journal of hydrology v. 129 (1/4): p. 57-70; 1991 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: France; Grasslands; Fagus; Picea; Watersheds; Acidification; Streams; Precipitation; Chemical composition; Water quality; Stream flow; Catchment hydrology Abstract: Eight years of hydrochemical data are presented for streams draining beech forest, grassland and spruce forest catchments in the Mont Lozere region. The mean concentration of cations in the streams occurs in the order: beech forest < grassland < spruce forest. The broad changes in stream chemistry follow a synchronous pattern related to variations in climatic conditions. Stream chemistry varies only to a moderate degree with flow, though in fine detail concentration fluctuations are very complex during storm events; hysteresis is observed. Estimations of pCO2 levels from the pH and alkalinity data show a wide scatter: the levels seem to be about five times the atmospheric value for all the streams. It is concluded that these catchments are still in an early stage of acidification. The spruce forest catchment acidifies faster than the woodland and the grassland catchments. Uncertainty remains as to the importance of air scavenging processes. 44 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Hydrogeochemical variations in Hafren Forest stream waters, Mid-Wales. Neal, C.; Smith, C.J.; Walls, J.; Billingham, P.; Hill, S.; Neal, M. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Aug. Journal of hydrology v. 116 (1/4): p. 185-200; 1990 Aug. Special issue: Transfer of elements through the hydrological cycle / C. Neal and M. Hornung, guest editors. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wales; Stream flow; Drainage water; Watersheds; Picea sitchensis; Water quality; Acidification; Catchment hydrology; Temporal variation; Seasonality Abstract: Results are presented for a study attempting to assess the effects of conifer planting/harvesting and acidic oxide deposition on streamwater quality in a 25 to 45-year-old sitka spruce plantation on acid moorland. This is undertaken to demonstrate the application of a multi-element survey in providing 'chemical fingerprints' for describing hydrological and hydrochemical controls within catchments. Hafren forest streamwater chemistry varies for different components: nitrate, bromide, total iodine and total organic carbon show seasonal oscillations varying in phase and amplitude; aluminium and hydrogen ion concentrations vary as a function of flow; manganese and cobalt remain approximately constant except under very dry conditions when concentrations reduce by up to 10 fold. No direct link exists between rain and streamwater chemistry: streamwater chemistry variations are determined primarily by hydrological and chemical reactions in the surface organic-rich soils and the underlying inorganic soils/bedrock. Reactions in the organic-rich horizons involve the generation of acidic conditions and the mobilization/transport of transition metals that can be easily hydrolysed. Biologically mediated breakdown processes determine, in part, the hydrochemical behaviour of dissolved organic carbon, the nutrients, bromine and iodine. Reactions in the inorganic zones involve hydrogen ion consumption and the release of calcium and magnesium. Bicarbonate ions are generated by deprotonation of biogenically derived H2CO3 and the decomposition of calcium carbonate in the bedrock. The initial effects of forest clearfelling are demonstrated; increases in nitrate and potassium occur. A simple mixing model is presented to show that either a large proportion of the storm water is derived from 'non-hillslope', 'groundwater', sources, or major modifications occur as soil water passes rapidly to the stream; whichever process is operative, it has not been identified directly within the catchme 45 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42 Hydrologic and water quality effects of fire. Baker, M.B. Jr Fort Collins, Colo. : The Station; 1990 May. General technical report RM - Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (191): p. 31-42; 1990 May. Paper presented at a symposium on "Effects of Fire Management of Southwestern Natural Resources," Nov 15-17, 1988, Tucson, Arizona. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Prescribed burning; Wildfires; Catchment hydrology; Water quality; Forests; Rangelands; Stream flow; Sediment; Soil water; Erosion; Nutrients; Mineralization 46 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Hydrological controls on acid runoff generation in an afforested headwater catchment at Llyn Brianne, Mid-Wales. Soulsby, C. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Oct. Journal of hydrology v. 138 (3/4): p. 431-448; 1992 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wales; Watersheds; Afforestation; Coniferous forests; Acidity; Runoff; Aluminum; Soil water; Stagnopodzols; Peat soils; Acid soils; Hydrological factors; Catchment hydrology; Overland flow; Storms; Drainage channels; Surface water; Seepage Abstract: Recent research has shown that storm runoff in afforested catchments at Llyn Brianne, Mid-Wales, is acidic and Al rich. However, relatively little is known about which hydrological pathways contribute to the generation of acid storm runoff. This paper reports the results of a year-long field investigation which examined the hydrological controls on stream water chemistry in a 1.5 ha subcatchment dominated by stagnopodzol and peat soils. During storm episodes, overland flow from the peat makes the dominant runoff contribution to the hydrological response of the subcatchment. This is strongly acidic (pH < 4.0) with a low Al content, though its interaction with the mineral lining of drainage channels results in the release of Al into surface waters. The stagnopodzols are characterized by vertical hydrological pathways; lateral flow occurs only above the bedrock, 1 m below the soil surface. In storm events, this flow path transfers acidic (pH 4.5), Al-rich soil water to streams. Drainage from the stagnopodzols also sustains base flows from the subcatchment. Almost 30% of effective precipitation is lost from the subcatchment as seepage, mainly through the drift material lining forest drainage channels. Seepage losses to deeper flow paths appear to be important in headwater catchments in upland Wales and warrant further study. 47 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52 Impacts of afforestation on water quality trends in two catchments in mid-Wales. Waters, D.; Jenkins, A. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1992. Environmental pollution v. 77 (2/3): p. 167-172; 1992. In the special issue: Effects of acidic pollutants on the chemistry of freshwater streams and lakes / edited by R. Harriman. Paper presented at the "Fourth International Conference on Acidic Deposition: Its Nature and Impacts," September 16-21, 1990, Glasgow, Scotland. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wales; Afforestation; Picea sitchensis; Larix leptolepis; Water quality; Watersheds; Acidification; Coniferous forests; Streams; Surface water; Ph; Acidity; Forest influences; Age of trees; Sulfate; Air pollution; Computer simulation 48 NAL Call. No.: SD143.S64 Implementation of the Clean Water Act (PL92-500) through best management practices implementation and monitoring. Parker, T. Bethesda, Md. : The Society; 1991. Proceedings of the ... Society of American Foresters National Convention. p. 593-594; 1991. Meeting held Aug 4-7, 1991, San Francisco, California. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Washington; Water quality; Water management; Water pollution; Law; Federal government; National forests 49 NAL Call. No.: QH540.S8 The interaction of forest vegetation and soils with the aquatic environment: effects of catchment liming on lakes. Dalziel, T.R.K.; Howells, G.; Skeffington, R.A. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishing B.V.; 1992. Studies in environmental science (50): p. 107-126; 1992. In the series analytic: Acidification research: Evaluation and policy applications / edited by T. Schneider. Proceedings of an International Conference, October 14-18, 1991, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: West scotland; Forests; Forest soils; Liming; Acid deposition; Acidification; Air pollution; Catchment hydrology; Water quality 50 NAL Call. No.: SB951.P47 Leaching of atrazine and hexazinone from Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach plantations. Felding, G. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992. Pesticide science v. 35 (3): p. 271-275; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Denmark; Atrazine; Hexazinone; Drainage water; Sandy loam soils; Leaching; Metabolites; Groundwater pollution; Forest plantations; Abies nordmanniana Abstract: The content of the herbicides atrazine and hexazinone was measured in drainage water from seven to ten- year-old plantations grown with Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach on two clayey soils in Denmark. The concentrations of atrazine varied between 0.06 and 7.79 microgram litre-1. The concentrations of hexazinone were different at the two locations. ranging from 0.07 to 2.09 microgram litre-1 at Bremersvold and from 3.47 to 42.66 microgram litre-1 at Koege. Metabolites of both herbicides were identified. 51 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Longitudinal patterns of concentration-discharge relationships in stream water draining the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Lawrence, G.B.; Driscoll, C.T. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Aug. Journal of hydrology v. 116 (1/4): p. 147-165; 1990 Aug. Special issue: Transfer of elements through the hydrological cycle / C. Neal and M. Hornung, guest editors. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New Hampshire; Stream flow; Drainage water; Subsurface layers; Forests; Watersheds; Catchment hydrology; Biogeochemistry; Spatial variation; Temporal variation; Acidification; Neutralization Abstract: Longitudinal variations of concentration-discharge relationships and chemical fluxes were evaluated in two headwater streams at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. At high elevations changes in subsurface flow paths explained variations in H+, inorganic Al and Si concentrations, whereas variations of DOC concentration were inconsistent with this mechanism. Flow responses of middle and low elevation subcatchments were influenced by variable contributions of hydrologic source areas and the elevational concentration gradient which exists in these catchments, but in most cases were not consistent with responses predicted by changes in flow paths. Spatial patterns of chemical fluxes indicate that, in general, catchment neutralization processes increased in effectiveness in the downslope direction. However, this pattern can be interrupted by secondary tributaries, both ephemeral and persistent, which originate in variable source areas that contribute acidic surface runoff during high flow conditions. Current models of catchment acidification need to incorporate spatial variations of biogeochemical processes and flow responses to improve predictions of short-term variations in surface water chemistry. 52 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U56 Long-term implications of forest harvesting on nutrient cycling in central hardwood forests. Lynch, J.A.; Corbett, E.S. Broomall, Pa. : The Station; 1991 Mar. General technical report NE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station (148): p. 500-518; 1991 Mar. Paper present at the 8th Central Hardwood Forest Conference, March 4-6, 1991, University Park, Pennsylvania. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Harvesting; Hardwoods; Cycling; Water quality; Clearcutting 53 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Long-term ionic increases from a central Appalachian forested watershed. Edwards, P.J.; Helvey, J.D. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jan. Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (1): p. 250-255; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: West Virginia; Watersheds; Mountain forests; River water; Calcium ions; Electrical conductivity; Ion activity; Nitrate; Nitrification; Precipitation; Streams; Water quality; Forest soils; Leaching Abstract: The electrical conductivity of stream water draining from an unmanaged and undisturbed control watershed has been increasing rather steadily, about 0.03 mS m-1 yr-1, since 1971. During this period, NO3- and Ca2+ concentrations increased and were shown to mathematically account for the ionic contribution to conductivity; therefore, they are believed to be primarily responsible for the increase. However, the percentage of conductivity explained by the two ions was different over time. The percentage of conductivity attributable to NO3- increased in a pattern very similar to concentration. In contrast, the percentage of conductivity attributable to Ca2+ decreased slightly over time. The Ca2+ is believed to be pairing with the NO3- as the NO3- ions leach through the soil. While nitrification in mature stands can be strongly inhibited, limited nitrification, especially in forest gaps, and high anthropogenic inputs of NO3- probably were primary sources of the leached NO3-. Preferential adsorption of SO4(2-), rather than NO3-, on soil colloids is given as an explanation for the lack of retention of NO3- in the soil system and subsequent leaching to the stream. 54 NAL Call. No.: aSD433.A53 The magnitude of upland silvicultural nonpoint source pollution in the South. Riekerk, H.; Neary, D.G.; Swank, W.T. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1989 Jan. General technical report SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (50): p. 8-18. ill; 1989 Jan. Paper presented at a "Symposium on the Forested Wetlands of the Southern United States," July 12-14, 1988, Orlando, Florida. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South eastern states of U.S.A.; Water pollution; Wetlands; Silviculture; Forestry practices; Upland areas; Biogeochemical cycles; Water composition and quality; Catchment hydrology; Stream flow; Watersheds; Nutrients 55 NAL Call. No.: HC79.E5E5 A method of approach to landscape stability. 2. Ecooptimization of experimental territorial landscape segment in Bohemian Forest. Skopek, V.; Sterbacek, Z.; Vachal, J. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1991 Mar. Environmental management v. 15 (2): p. 215-225; 1991 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Czechoslovakia; Watersheds; Landscape ecology; Optimization; Surface water; Water pollution; Farming; Forestry; Expert systems; Site types 56 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Methods to assess the water quality impact of a restored riparian wetland. Vellidis, G.; Lowrance, R.; Smith, M.C.; Hubbard, R.K. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1993 May. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 48 (3): p. 223-230; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Water pollution; Animal wastes; Bioremediation; Water quality; Runoff; Riparian forests; Wetlands; Reclamation; Pollution control 57 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Modeling the cumulative watershed effects of forest management strategies. Ziemer, R.R.; Lewis, J.; Rice, R.M.; Lisle, T.E. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jan. Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (1): p. 36-42; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Oregon; Erosion; Forest influences; Forest management; Logging; Precipitation; Sediment; Simulation models; Streams; Water pollution; Watersheds; Coastal areas; Fishes; Indicator species; Reproduction Abstract: There is increasing concern over the possibility of adverse cumulative watershed effects from intensive forest management. It is impractical to address many aspects of the problem experimentally because to do so would require studying large watersheds for 100 yr or more. One such aspect is the long-term effect of forest management strategies on erosion and sedimentation and the resultant damage to fish habitat. Is dispersing activities in time and space an effective way to minimize cumulative sedimentation effects? To address this problem, Monte Carlo simulations were conducted on four hypothetical 10 000-ha fifth-order forested watersheds: one watershed was left undisturbed, one was completely clearcut and roaded in 10 yr, with cutting starting at the head of the watershed and progressing toward the mouth, another was cut at the rate of 1% each year beginning at the watershed's mouth and progressing upstream, and another was cut at a rate of 1% each year, with individual cut areas being widely dispersed throughout the watershed. These cutting patterns were repeated in succeeding centuries, rebuilding one-third of the road network every 100 yr. The parameters governing the simulations were based on recent data from coastal Oregon and northwestern California. Mass wasting, the most important source of sediment in that environment, was the only hillslope process modeled. The simulation results suggest that (i) the greatest differences between management strategies appeared in the first 100 yr and were related primarily to the rate of treatment. By the second 100 yr, when all watersheds had been treated, the principal difference between logging strategies was the timing of impacts. (ii) Dispersing harvest units did not significantly reduce cumulative effects. (iii) The frequency of bed elevation changes between 1 and 4 cm is dramatically increased by logging. 58 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Modelling stream acidification in afforested catchments: an assessment of the relative effects of acid deposition and afforestation. Jenkins, A.; Cosby, B.J.; Ferrier, R.C.; Walker, T.A.B.; Miller, J.D. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Dec01. Journal of hydrology v. 120 (1/4): p. 163-181; 1990 Dec01. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Scotland; Watersheds; Afforestation; Acid deposition; Soil acidity; Soil ph; Water quality; Forests; Growth; Clearcutting; Streams; Acidification; Forest management; Cations; Soil treatment; Soil alkalinity; Simulation models Abstract: A model of the combined long-term effects of acidic deposition and forest growth has been developed and calibrated for an upland site in Scotland. The model is used to perform a series of simulation experiments to assess the relative effects of afforestation and acidic deposition on soil and surface water chemistry. The experiments compare and contrast: (a) the simulated historical effects of increased acidic deposition and forest growth, both individually and in combination; (b) the simulated future effects of various levels of reduction of deposition in combination with the forestry strategies of harvesting with and without replanting. Results indicate that historical acidification of surface waters in areas receiving high levels of acidic deposition has been exacerbated by afforestation practices. Afforestation in the absence of acidic deposition, however, has had a lesser effect on surface water acidification even though the nutrient demands of forest growth have caused significant soil acidification. Comparisons of future forest management strategies in conjunction with likely deposition reductions indicate that, in sensitive areas, replanting of a felled forest without treatment of the soil by addition of base cations, should not be undertaken even if significant deposition reductions are realised. 59 NAL Call. No.: SD387.E58M33 1991 Monitoring guidelines to evaluate effects of forestry activities on streams in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. MacDonald, Lee H.; Smart, Alan W.; Wissmar, R. C. United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10, Center for Streamside Studies in Forestry, Fisheries & Wildlife ( University of Washington) Seattle, Wash. : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10,; 1991. xiv, 166 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. "May 1991"-- Cover. EPA/910/9-91-001. These guidelines were developed for Region 10, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ... under EPA Assistance No. CX-816032-01-0 with the Center for Streamside Studies in Forestry, Fisheries & Wildlife, College of Forest Resources/College of Ocean and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington. Language: English; English Descriptors: Forests and forestry; Hydrology, Forest; Water quality management 60 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Nitrate dynamics in riparian forests: groundwater studies. Simmons, R.C.; Gold, A.J.; Groffman, P.M. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Oct. Journal of environmental quality v. 21 (4): p. 659-665; 1992 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rhode Island; Riparian forests; Nitrates; Groundwater; Subsurface drainage; Seasonal variation; Water table; Soil depth; Ph; Soil organic matter; Temperature; Spatial variation; Groundwater pollution; Wetlands; Upland areas Abstract: This study was conducted to assess the removal of groundwater nitrate (NO3-) in different soil drainage classes within three riparian forests located in Rhode Island. A solution of NO3- and a conservative tracer [either bromide (Br-) or chloride (Cl-)] was applied in the growing and the dormant seasons to trenches upgradient of wetland locations with hydric soils (poorly and very poorly drained soils) and transition zone locations with somewhat poorly and moderately well-drained soils located immediately upslope of the wetlands. To assess removal, the change in groundwater concentrations of NO3- relative to the concentration of the conservative tracer was observed in monitoring wells located in each soil drainage class from June 1989 through April 1990. Removal of groundwater NO3- was consistently high in the wetland locations, generally in excess of 80% in both growing and dormant seasons. In the transition zones, attenuation was less than 36% during the growing season, and ranged from 50 to 78% in the dormant season. Attenuation in the transition zones was positively correlated with water table elevations. Transition zone attenuation was high in the dormant season relative to the growing season likely because high water tables during the dormant season caused the contaminant plume to be exposed to soil with higher organic matter. The results suggest that both wetlands and transition zones between wetlands and uplands can be important sinks for groundwater NO3-. 61 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Nitrate reduction in an unconfined sandy aquifer: water chemistry, reduction proceses, and geochemical modeling. Postma, D.; Boesen, C.; Kristiansen, H.; Larsen, F. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1991 Aug. Water resources research v. 27 (8): p. 2027-2045; 1991 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nitrates; Soil pollution; Groundwater pollution; Aquifers; Arable land; Heathland; Coniferous forests; Land use; Transport processes; Reduction; Geochemistry; Models Abstract: Nitrate distribution and reduction processes were investigated in an unconfined sandy aquifer of Quaternary age. Groundwater chemistry was studied in a series of eight multilevel samplers along a flow line, deriving water from both arable and forested land. Results show that plumes of nitrate-contaminated groundwater emanate from the agricultural areas and spread through the aquifer. The aquifer can be subdivided into an upper 10- to 15-m thick oxic zone that contains O2 and NO3(-), and a lower anoxic zone characterized by Fe2+-rich waters. The redox boundary is very sharp, which suggests that reduction processes of O2 and NO3(-) occur at rates that are fast compared to the rate of downward water transport. Nitrate-contaminated groundwater contains total contents of dissolved ions that are two to four times higher than in groundwater derived from the forested area. The persistence of the high content of total dissolved ions in the NO3(-) free anoxic zone indicates the downward migration of contaminants and that active nitrate reduction is taking place. Nitrate is apparently reduced to N2 because both nitrite and ammonia are absent or found at very low concentrations. Possible electron donors in the reduced zone of the aquifer are organic matter, present as reworked brown coal fragments from the underlying Miocene. and small amounts of pyrite at an average concentration of 3.6 mmol/kg. Electron balances across the redoxcline, based on concentrations of O2, NO3(-), SO4(2-) and total inorganic carbon (TIC), indicate that pyrite is by far the dominant electron donor even though organic matter is much more abundant. Groundwater transport and chemical reactions were modeled using the code PHREEQM, which combines a chemical equilibrium model with a one- dimensional mixing cell transport model. Only the vertical component of the water transport was modeled since, in contrast to rates along flow lines, the vertical rates are close to constant as required by the one-dimensio 62 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34 Nitrogen movement under a hardwood forest amended with liquid wastewater sludge. Aschmann, S.G.; McIntosh, M.S.; Angle, J.S.; Hill, R.L. Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Mar15. Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 38 (4): p. 249-263; 1992 Mar15. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Sewage sludge; Application to land; Mixed forests; Hardwoods; Groundwater pollution; Nitrogen; Mineralization; Nitrification; Nitrates; Leaching; Application rates; Soil depth; Chlorides; Movement in soil; Soil water movement 63 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Nitrous oxide dissolved in soil solution: an insignificant pathway of nitrogen loss from a southeastern hardwood forest. Davidson, E.A.; Swank, W.T. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1990 Jul. Water resources research v. 26 (7): p. 1687-1690; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest soils; Riparian forests; Robinia pseudoacacia; Soil solution; Watersheds; Nitrous oxide; Nitrate nitrogen; Nitrogen; Losses from soil systems; Solubility; Groundwater; Streams; Nitrogen content; Water composition and quality; Seasonal fluctuations; Soil depth Abstract: Nitrous oxide is soluble and can accumulate in soil solution when gaseous diffusion is restricted. The importance of N losses via degassing of N2O from groundwater entering surface streams is unknown. Measurements of N2O in soil solution revealed patterns of seasonal and spatial variation that were consistent with ecosystem regulation of denitrification. The highest concentrations were observed in the riparian zone in May, when soil NO3-, temperature and moisture were conducive for denitrification. At each of the other sample dates and sites, at least one of these factors appeared to prevent significant N2O accumulation in soil solution. Extrapolation of the highest observed N2O concentrations to an annual basis corresponded to a loss of only 56 g N ha-1 yr-1. Denitrification in the riparian zone may be an important fate of N in this hardwood forest, but N2O in soil solution does not appear to be a significant pathway of N loss. This site might be expected to produce N2O at higher rates than most hardwood forests, but extrapolation of the highest calculated losses from soil solution over the global area occupied by hardwood forest indicates that this source of N2O is insignificant for global atmospheric budgets. 64 NAL Call. No.: TD172.J6 Nonpoint source phosphorus loads to Delaware's lakes and streams. Ritter, W.F. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992 May. Journal of environmental science and health : Part A : Environmental science and engineering v. 27 (4): p. 1007-1019; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Delaware; Lakes; Rivers; Water pollution; Phosphorus; Watersheds; Farmland; Forest soils 65 NAL Call. No.: TD419.R47 Nonpoint sources. Spooner, J.; Coffey, S.W.; Brichford, S.L.; Arnold, J.A.; Smolen, M.D.; Jennings, G.D.; Gale, J.A. Alexandria, Va. : The Federation; 1991 Jun. Research journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation v. 63 (4): p. 527-536; 1991 Jun. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Groundwater; Surface water; Land use; Activity; Agricultural land; Forest soils; Urban areas; Economics; Planning; Water quality; Water resources; Models; Reviews 66 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Nutrient concentration patterns in streams draining alpine and subalpine catchments, Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado. Stottlemyer, R.; Troendle, C.A. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Dec. Journal of hydrology v. 140 (1/4): p. 179-208; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Watersheds; Alpine vegetation; Subalpine forests; Streams; Water quality; Water content; Discharge; Calcium; Magnesium; Potassium; Sodium; Ammonium; Hydrogen; Nitrate; Sulfate; Chloride; Variation; Meltwater; Soil water; Precipitation; Catchment hydrology Abstract: Streamwater samples were collected during 1987-1988 from two adjacent gauged watersheds, the subalpine-alpine East St. Louis and the Fool Creek Alpine, in the Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado. The study objective was to compare the relationships between streamwater discharge and ion concentration in alpine and alpine-subalpine watersheds at a site receiving low inputs of atmospheric contaminants. Streamwater discharge accounts for much of the variation in ion concentration. Trajectories of time, discharge, and ion concentration suggest that patterns of nutrient flux are controlled primarily by the magnitude of streamwater discharge, and seasonal differences in the relative contributions of snowmelt and soil water. In the subalpine catchment, increased streamwater discharge accounted for most of the decline in concentration of ions, with high concentrations in soil water relative to precipitation. This relationship was not seen in the alpine catchment, probably because of the influence of large diurnal variation in the ratio of snowmelt to soil water. In both catchments, ions with comparatively high concentrations in precipitation and the snowpack relative to soil water showed less concentration decline with increased streamwater discharge. The recurring nature of the trajectories, especially in the subalpine catchment, suggests that the time, discharge, and ion concentration patterns may represent a general characteristic in moderate-sized, undisturbed Rocky Mountain catchments which do not receive high inputs of airborne contaminants. 67 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Nutrient cycling in Humtingon Forest and Turkey Lakes deciduous stands: nitrogen and sulfur. Mitchell, M.J.; Foster, N.W.; Shepard, J.P.; Morrison, I.K. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Apr. Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de recherche forestiere v. 22 (4): p. 457-464; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; New York; Hardwoods; Acer saccharum; Cycling; Nitrogen; Sulfur; Nitrates; Sulfates; Age of trees; Soil properties; Biogeochemistry; Mineral soils; Throughfall; Acid rain Abstract: Biogeochemical cycling of S and N was quantified at two hardwood sites (Turkey Lakes watershed (TLW) and Huntington Forest (HF)) that have sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) as the major overstory component and are underlain by Spodosols (Podzols). TLW and HF are located in central Ontario (Canada) and the Adirondack Mountains of New York (U.S.A), respectively. Major differences between the TLW and HF sites included stand age (300 and 100 years for TLW and HF, respectively), age of dominant trees (150-300 and 100 years for TLW and HF, respectively), and the presence of American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) at HF as well as lower inputs of SO4(-2) and NO3(-) (differences of 99 and 31 mol ion charge (molc).ha-1.year-1, respectively) at TLW. There was an increase in concentration of SO4(-2) and NO3(-) after passage through the canopy at both sites. A major difference in the anion chemistry of the soil solution between the sites was the much greater leaching of NO3(-) at TLW compared with HF (1300 versus 18 molc.ha-1.year-1, respectively). At HF, but not TLW, there was a marked increase in SO4(-2) flux (217 molc.ha-1.year-1) when water leached from the forest floor through the mineral soil. The mineral soil was the largest pool (> 80%) of N and S for both sites. The mineral soil of TLW had a C:N ratio of 16:1, which is much narrower than the 34:1 ratio at HF. This former ratio should favor accumulation of NH4(+) and NO3(-) and subsequent NO3(-) leaching. Laboratory measurements suggest that the forest floor of TLW may have higher N mineralization rates than HF. Fluxes of N and S within the vegetation were generally similar at both sites, except that net requirement of N at TLW was substantially lower (difference of 9.4 kg N.ha-1.year-1). The higher NO3(-) leaching from TLW compared with HF may be attributed mostly to stand maturity coupled with tree mortality, but the absence of slow decomposing beech leaf litter and lower C:N ratio in die soil of the former site 68 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Nutrient export in stormflow following forest harvesting and site-preparation in East Texas. Blackburn, W.H.; Wood, J.C. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1990 Jul. Journal of environmental quality v. 19 (3): p. 402-408; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Texas; Watersheds; Losses from soil systems; Nutrients; Water quality; Stream flow; Clearcutting; Site preparation; Logging effects 69 NAL Call. No.: TD428.F67E35 1991 On-site assessment of best management practices as an indicator of cumulative watershed effects in the Flathead Basin. Ehinger, William; Potts, Donald F. Flathead Basin Forest Practices, Water Quality and Fisheries Cooperative Program Kalispell, Mont. (723 5th Ave. E., Kalispell 59901) : Flathead Basin Commission,; 1991. iv, 137 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. At head of title: Flathead Basin Forest Practices, Water Quality and Fisheries Cooperative Program. June 1991. "100 copies of this public document were published"--P. [4] of cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 137) and index. Language: English Descriptors: Flathead National Forest (Mont.); Forest management; Water quality management; Sediment transport 70 NAL Call. No.: SD143.S64 "Oregon Department of Forestry's use of geotechnical specialists.". Michael, D.L. Bethesda, Md. : The Society; 1990. Proceedings of the ... Society of American Foresters National Convention. p. 573-574; 1990. Paper presented at the meeting on, "Are Forests the Answer," held July 29-Aug 1, 1990, Washington, D.C. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Harvesting; Water quality; Landslides; Monitoring 71 NAL Call. No.: TD172.J61 Partitioning and fate of acephate and its metabolite, methamidophos, from white spruce cones into soil and water. Sundaram, K.M.S. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1993. Journal of environmental science and health : Part B : Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes v. B28 (1): p. 29-66; 1993. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Acephate; Methamidophos; Persistence; Application rates; Picea glauca; Seed cones; Forest soils; Sandy loam soils; Clay loam soils; River water; Ponds; Insecticide residues; Soil water; Soil organic matter; Physicochemical properties; Turbidity; Temperature; Water content; Microorganisms; Microbial degradation; Nontarget effects; Water pollution; Soil pollution 72 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Persistent conflicts over timber production and watershed management: a problem analysis. Abubakar, M.M.; Lord, W.B. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1992 Sep. Water resources bulletin v. 28 (5): p. 845-852; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Watersheds; Watershed management; Logging; Logging effects; Water quality; Decision making; Case studies Abstract: Most forest lands are managed for multiple purposes, among them timber production and water supply. Conflicts often arise in such caws because logging is perceived as a threat to water quality. These conflicts can result from uncertain factual information, from differences in underlying social values, or from imbalances in the incidence of costs and benefits. Resulting conflicts may go unresolved because existing institutional structures fail to address the real roots of the dispute. When such conflicts go unresolved, benefits are often lost, and social, political, and managerial costs are high. This study found that the roots of conflict may lie in value differences or in interest impacts, but attention may be focused inappropriately and unproductively on factual issues. It suggests that at least some long-standing disputes in the management of forested watersheds may be resolved by identifying the root causes of these disputes and choosing those actions, whether they be changes in management guidelines or altered institutional structures, which are appropriate to those causes. 73 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Picloram movement in soil solution and streamflow from a coastal plain forest. Michael, J.L.; Neary, D.G.; Wells, M.J.M. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1989 Jan. Journal of environmental quality v. 18 (1): p. 89-95. maps; 1989 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pueraria lobata; Weed control; Picloram; Pinus palustris; Leaching; Pesticide persistence; Mineral soils; Soil solution; Stream flow; Environmental pollution; Aerial application Abstract: Picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) was aerially applied to a longleaf pine (Pinus palustris L.) site in the upper coastal plain of Alabama to control kudzu [Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi]. Pellets (10% a.i.) were spread at the rate of 56 kg ha-1 on loamy sand Typic Kanhapludult soils. Movement of this herbicide was monitored with mineral soil samples, tension-cup lysimeters, flowproportional streamflow samplers, and discrete samplers. Picloram levels in the upper 15 cm of mineral soil peaked at 0.96 to 2.25 mg kg-1 25 d after application, depending on slope position, and declined to 0.13 to 0.29 mg kg-1 1 yr later. In soil solution, picloram was detected at a depth of 0.4 m between 26 and 273 d after application. Only 4 of 15 lysimeters consistently contained detectable residues. Maximum picloram levels in soil solution were 130, 450, and 191 mg m-3 for ridge, midslope, and toe-slope positions, respectively. Downstream monitoring began 4 d after the herbicide application, and an initial concentration of 68 mg m-3 of picloram was detected. The maximum downstream concentration of 77 mg m-3 occurred 18 d after the application, immediately after the second storm event. Downstream levels dropped to less than 10 mg m-3 after 90 d and to less than 2 mg m-3 after 200 d. Following localized retreatment along the stream more than a year after the initial treatment, levels climbed again into the 20 to 30 mg m-3 range. Most of the initial off-site movement came from a perennial stream the had been inadvertently treated, but subsequently storm runoff was the largest contributor to stream contamination. Picloram residues in this stream were similar to those observed downstream, but they were higher (up to 241 mg m-3 and dropped faster to below 2 mg m-3 after D 150. 74 NAL Call. No.: 500 K41 Posttreatment effects of forest fertilization on the predominant benthic community of a headwater stream in eastern Kentucky. Phillippi, M.A.; Coltharp, G.B. Louisville, Ky. : The Academy; 1990 Mar. Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science v. 51 (1/2): p. 18-25; 1990 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Kentucky; Nitrogen fertilizers; Aquatic communities; Benthos; Insects; Invertebrates; Streams; Water composition and quality; Water pollution; Watersheds; Woodlands 75 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Preliminary analysis of water and solute movement beneath a coniferous hillslope in Mid-Wales, U.K. Chappell, N.A.; Ternan, J.L.; Williams, A.G.; Reynolds, B. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Aug. Journal of hydrology v. 116 (1/4): p. 201-215. maps; 1990 Aug. Special issue: Transfer of elements through the hydrological cycle / C. Neal and M. Hornung, guest editors. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wales; Soil water; Streams; Hill land; Coniferous forests; Solutes; Sulfates; Nitrate; Aluminum; Hydrogen ions; Recharge; Ion transport; Water quality; Storms; Runoff; Movement in soil Abstract: Streams draining coniferous forests are often loaded with solutes such as hydrogen ion, sulphate, nitrate and aluminium. As a result, fish populations can be reduced and water quality may fall below recommended potable standards. The transport of ions into water-courses is governed by the movement of water. Within most temperate and tropical areas the stream discharge and chemistry, during periods of rapid runoff, is dominated by the exfiltration of water and solutes from stream-side soils. The movement of water to stream-side or 'riparian' areas remains, however, an enigma. This paper attempts to explain how the riparian area might be rapidly recharged during storm events. Two analytical techniques, the free-surface method and tangent-continuity method, are applied to hydrological properties monitored on a steep coniferous hillslope, during a selected storm event. Comparison of the ionic concentrations of waters within each component of the hydrological system, is used to verify the hydrological analysis. Perched water-tables developed within the basal zones of the O/Ah and Eag soil horizons of the steep podzolic hillslope, during all major storm events. Most of the rapid response within the riparian zone could be explained by lateral flow in these near-surface soil horizons, particularly in the saturated basal zones. This pathway is corroborated by the similarity of riparian zone and near-surface (or topsoil) chemistries. Relatively low concentrations of monomeric aluminium and relatively high concentrations of chloride, sodium and hydrogen ion were observed within these zones, compared with the subsoil (Bsl and B/C) horizons. 76 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7 Rapid dissipation of glyphosate in small forest ponds. Goldsborough, L.G.; Beck, A.E. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1989 Jul. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 18 (4): p. 537-544; 1989 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alberta; Glyphosate; Forests; Ponds; Sediments; Herbicide residues; Water pollution 77 NAL Call. No.: aSD433.A53 Recommended management practices for forested wetlands road construction. Windsor, C.L. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1989 Jan. General technical report SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (50): p. 51-53; 1989 Jan. Paper presented at a "Symposium on the Forested Wetlands of the Southern United States," July 12-14, 1988, Orlando, Florida. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Florida; South Carolina; Wetlands; Forests; Road construction; Regulations 78 NAL Call. No.: SD397.H3H37 Regulation of private forest land--an assessment of public and/or private costs of water quality protection. Haney, H.L. Jr; Shaffer, R.M. Memphis, Tenn. : The Council; 1992. Proceedings ... Annual Hardwood Symposium of the Hardwood Research Council. p. 21-34; 1992. Paper presented at a meeting on "The future of multiple user forstry in eastern hardwood forests," June 1-3, 1992, Cashiers, North Carolina. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Virginia; Oregon; Forest management; Water resources; Water quality; Legislation; Environmental protection; Economic impact 79 NAL Call. No.: SD143.S64 Regulatory versus voluntary forest water quality programs in Maryland and Virginia. Hawks, L.J.; Cubbage, F.W.; Newman, D.H. Bethesda, Md. : The Society; 1991. Proceedings of the ... Society of American Foresters National Convention. p. 333-337; 1991. Meeting held Aug 4-7, 1991, San Francisco, California. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Virginia; Forest management; Water quality; Regulations; State government; Law; Water management; Local government; Environmental education 80 NAL Call. No.: 450 J829 The response of vegetation to chemical and hydrological gradients in the Lost River peatland, northern Minnesota. Glaser, P.H.; Janssens, J.A.; Siegel, D.I. Oxford : Blackwell Scientific; 1990 Dec. Journal of ecology v. 78 (4): p. 1027-1048. ill; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Minnesota; Vegetation; Forest trees; Plant ecology; Plant succession; Species diversity; Bogs; Fens; Peatlands; Peat; Stratigraphy; Peat soils; Soil analysis; Water quality; Surface water Abstract: (1) Two peat mounds have developed in the Lost River peatland of northern Minnesota. One has the chemical and physical properties of an extremely rich fen and the other has the properties of a raised bog. The two mounds are separated by a water track with poor-fen vegetation and chemistry. (2) The vegetation at Lost River can be divided into five noda that correspond to landform units: spring-fen channel, spring- fen forest, marginal swamp forest, water track, and raised bog. These vegetation types have well-defined ranges for pH and calcium concentration. (3) Ordinations of the vascular plant and bryophyte data indicate a close relationship between the vegetation and both moisture and chemical gradients. The link between vegetation and chemistry is also supported by plots of species richness vs. pH and calcium concentration in which the peak in species numbers occurs within the rich-fen range. (4) The chemistry of the surface waters at Lost River is largely determined by the mixing of alkaline groundwater with precipitation, because the entire peatland is located at least seasonally within a discharge zone for groundwater. Mixing models indicate that the amount of groundwater within the surface waters ranges from 50% in the spring-fen channels to 1% on the raised bog. (5) The development of the two peat mounds was reconstructed from peat cores collected near the crests of the spring-fen mound and raised bog. The raised bog developed over a depression, which was first filled in with fen peat before minerotrophic sphagna invaded the site around 2625 B.P. By 2200 B.P. all fen indicator species had disappeared and the site was dominated by assemblages similar to those in the present raised bog. (6) The spring-fen mound, however, developed over a rise in the mineral substrate, which was not covered by peat until 3000 B.P. The mound was quickly colonized by Sphagnum and no fen indicators appeared until 1160 B.P. At this time the bog vegetation was replaced by a sedge fe 81 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Reuse of wastewater from meat processing plants for agricultural and forestry irrigation. Russell, J.M.; Cooper, R.N.; Lindsey, S.B. Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1991. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control v. 24 (9): p. 277-286; 1991. In the series analytic: Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse/edited by R. Mujeriego and T. Asano. Proceedings of the International Symposium of Wastewate Reclamation and Reuse, September 24-26, 1991, Costa Brava, Spain. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New Zealand; Meat and livestock industry; Industrial wastes; Chemical composition; Water reuse; Irrigation water; Irrigated pastures; Forestry; Groundwater pollution; Nitrates 82 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Riparian afforestation effects on water yields and water quality in pasture catchments. Smith, C.M. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Apr. Journal of environmental quality v. 21 (2): p. 237-245; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New Zealand; Pinus radiata; Afforestation; Watersheds; Catchment hydrology; Streams; Riparian forests; Water quality; Sediment; Nitrogen; Water yield; Phosphorus; Pastures; Transpiration; Water flow; Interception; Runoff; Overland flow Abstract: The flow records for two pasture headwater catchments for 9 yr before, and 9 yr after riparian afforestation in one catchment were compared. Average rainfall was 1021 mm per yr. Riparian afforestation reduced water yields by 68 to 104 mm (21-55%) when the Pinus radiata stand was 8 to 10 yr old. Delayed runoff declined by 52 to 93 mm per yr (27-63%). Afforestation reduced the quickflow yield in 1 yr (22 mm or 40%). Peak flows declined in small events, were not affected in medium-sized events, and may have increased in large events. The large reductions in yield indicate that the riparian zone had a disproportionately important influence on catchment hydrology. They are attributed to high transpiration losses from the riparian pine in seasons with water deficits, and higher than usual forest interception losses because of the small-scale planting. Streamwater sediment, total and dissolved N and P concentrations in these two catchments and another riparian afforested catchment were monitored for 2 yr. Concentrations were generally lower in the completely pastured catchment. Estimated annual sediment, total P, Kjeldahl N, and nitrate exports from the pasture catchment were 31 to 60%, 70%, 61 to 64% and 58 to 74% of those from the riparian afforested catchments in spite of a higher water yield. Possible explanations for the poor water quality in riparian afforested catchments are described including the lack of riparian wetlands, in-stream vegetation, and close riparian ground cover. The consequences of riparian afforestation in pasture catchments may not readily be predicted from the impacts of complete catchment afforestation. 83 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.O5O5 Riparian forest buffers. Anderson, S.; Masters, R. Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1992 Sep. OSU extension facts - Cooperative Extension Service, Oklahoma State University (5034): 6 p.; 1992 Sep. In subseries: Water Quality Series. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oklahoma; Riparian forests; Riparian vegetation; Floodplains; Water quality; Wildlife; Habitats; Endangered species; Conservation 84 NAL Call. No.: aS627.S8W45 1991 Riparian forest buffers function and design for protection and enhancement of water resources. Welsch, David J. United States, State and Private Forestry, Northeastern Area Radnor, Pa. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Area, State & Private Forestry, Forest Resources Management, [1991?]; 1991; A 13.2:R 48/6. 20, 4 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm. NA-PR-07-91. Includes bibliographical references (p. 20). Language: English Descriptors: Streambank planting; Water quality management 85 NAL Call. No.: QH345.B564 Riparian nitrogen dynamics in two geomorphologically distinct tropical rain forest watersheds: subsurface solute patterns. McDowell, W.H.; Bowden, W.B.; Asbury, C.E. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992. Biogeochemistry v. 18 (2): p. 53-75. maps; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Puerto Rico; Groundwater; Hydrology; Ammonium; Nitrates; Nitrogen cycle; Leaching; Soil texture; Water quality; Watersheds; Tropical rain forests 86 NAL Call. No.: QH345.B564 The role of ammonium and nitrate retention in the acidification of lakes and forested catchments. Dillon, P.J.; Molot, L.A. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1990 Sep. Biogeochemistry v. 11 (1): p. 23-43. maps; 1990 Sep. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Acid rain; Acid deposition; Ammonium; Watersheds; Forests; Nitrates; Water pollution; Literature reviews 87 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 The seasonal variation of streamwater chemistry in three forested Mediterranean catchments. Pinol, J.; Avila, A.; Roda, F. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Dec. Journal of hydrology v. 140 (1/4): p. 119-141; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Spain; Watersheds; Broadleaved evergreen forests; Streams; Water quality; Water content; Chemical properties; Stream flow; Seasonal variation; Discharge; Solutes; Ions; Soil water; Groundwater; Temperature; Catchment hydrology; Mediterranean climate; Mathematical models Abstract: Streamwater chemistry is described for three streams draining undisturbed, evergreen broad-leaved forested catchments on phyllites in NE Spain: two streams with no or negligible flow in summer are located in the Prades massif, and one perennial stream is in the wetter Montseny mountains. Weekly data for a study period of 24 years are provided to (1) describe the seasonal variations in streamwater chemistry, (2) analyse the relationship between stream discharge and solute concentrations using a two-component mixing model and (3) search for patterns of temporal variation in stream solute concentrations after discounting the effects of discharge. At Prades, concentrations of all analysed ions, except NO3(-1), showed marked seasonal variations in stream water, whereas at Montseny only ions related to mineral weathering (HCO3(-1), Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) showed strong seasonality. Ion concentrations were more closely dependent on instantaneous discharge at Montseny than at Prades. The residuals of the relationship between solute concentrations and discharge retained a strong seasonality at Prades, but not at Montseny. These differences are related to the major hydrochemical processes that determine the streamwater chemistry at each site. The same processes are probably operative in the three catchments, but are of varying relative importance. At Montseny, the mixing of waters of different chemical composition seems to be the major process controlling streamwater chemistry, although the soilwater end-member composition predicted by the mixing model applied did not match the measured soilwater chemistry. In the drier Prades catchments, the two major hydrochemical processes determining the seasonal variation of streamwater chemistry are (1) the restart of flow after the summer drought, which flushes out the solutes accumulated during the dry period, and (2) the seasonal changes in groundwater chemistry that result from the interplay of water residence time, temperature and CO 88 NAL Call. No.: GB701.W375 no.92-4129 Selected water-quality and biological characteristics of streams in some forested basins of North Carolina, 1985-88.. Selected water quality and biological characteristics of streams in some forested basins of North Carolina, 1985-88 Caldwell, William S. North Carolina, Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Geological Survey (U.S.) Raleigh, N.C. : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ; Denver, CO : U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open- File Reports Section [distributor], 1992 [i.e.; 1993; I 19.42/4:92-4129. viii, 114 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. (Water-resources investigations report ; 92-4129). Shipping list no.: 93-0172- P. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-107). Language: English; English Descriptors: Rivers; Water quality 89 NAL Call. No.: aSD433.A53 Site preparation on forested wetlands of the southeastern coastal plain. Williams, T.M. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1989 Jan. General technical report SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (50): p. 67-71; 1989 Jan. Paper presented at a "Symposium on the Forested Wetlands of the Southern United States," July 12-14, 1988, Orlando, Florida. Language: English Descriptors: South eastern states of U.S.A.; Pinus; Forest plantations; Stand establishment; Wetlands; Site preparation; Herbicides; Hardwoods; Water composition and quality; Bottomlands; Clearcutting; Mechanical methods; Burning; Coastal plains 90 NAL Call. No.: SD397.H3H37 Soil and water issues involving eastern hardwood forests. Dissmeyer, G.E. Memphis, Tenn. : The Council; 1992. Proceedings ... Annual Hardwood Symposium of the Hardwood Research Council. p. 65-70; 1992. Paper presented at a meeting on "The future of multiple user forstry in eastern hardwood forests," June 1-3, 1992, Cashiers, North Carolina. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest management; Water resources; Hardwoods; Wetlands; Water quality 91 NAL Call. No.: GB395.A73 Sources, sinks, and fluxes of dissolved organic carbon in subarctic fen catchments. Koprivnjak, J.F.; Moore, T.R. Boulder, Colo. : Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado; 1992 Aug. Arctic and alpine research v. 24 (3): p. 204-210; 1992 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Quebec; Watersheds; Streams; Water quality; Organic compounds; Carbon; Concentration; Soil chemistry; Horizons; Leachates; Adsorption; Fens; Woodlands; Forests; Upland areas; Lowland areas; Mineral soils; Vegetation; Lichens; Mosses; Peatlands; Subarctic soils 92 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope studies of rainfall and streamwaters for two contrasting holm oak areas of Catalonia, northeastern Spain. Neal, C.; Neal, M.; Warrington, A.; Avila, A.; Pinol, J.; Roda, F. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Dec. Journal of hydrology v. 140 (1/4): p. 163-178; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Spain; Watersheds; Quercus ilex; Forests; Rain; Streams; Stream flow; Storms; Water quality; Water content; Stable isotopes; Hydrogen; Oxygen; Variation; Transpiration; Evaporation; Surface layers; Canopy; Mediterranean climate; Catchment hydrology Abstract: Results are presented of a study of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in rainfall and streamwaters for the Montseny and Prades areas in northeastern Spain: results cover the full year of 1991. The isotopic pattern for rainfall is similar for both areas: there is a wide range in isotopic contents and the results show a strong, near-linear trend, delta(2)H = 7.9 X delta(18)O + 9.8 (N = 59; r(2) = 0.952), the 'local meteoric line'. There is slight curvature to the data which may be related to the sources of water vapour forming the rainfall. Within the streams, the isotopic variability is much less than that of the rainfall although the data lie on, or very near to, the meteoric line. Data for detailed collections during storm events show more scatter than those collected regularly on a fortnightly basis. The event data show a linear feature that conforms to the local meteoric fine. These results indicate that: (1) the main supply of water to the stream stormflow comes from water stored in the catchment prior to the event; (2) waters of more than one isotopic composition reside within the catchment and are transferable to the stream during storm events; (3) the main process of water transfer from the catchment back to the atmosphere comes from transpiration by the trees and (possibly) complete evaporation from the near-surface soil horizons and the tree canopy; (4) the isotopic technique cannot be used for quantitative hydrograph separation in this instance--at least two water types can be present within the catchment at any given time. 93 NAL Call. No.: aS21.R44A7 Status of water quantity and quality program: National Forest Service System. Harper, W.C. Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1992 Mar. ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (101): p. 66-67; 1992 Mar. Paper presented at the "First USDA Water Resource Research and Technology Transfer Workshop," August 26-30, 1991, Denver, Colorado. Language: English Descriptors: Watershed management; Forest policy 94 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Storm solute behaviour in a montane Mediterranean forested catchment. Avila, A.; Pinol, J.; Roda, F.; Neal, C. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Dec. Journal of hydrology v. 140 (1/4): p. 143-161; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Spain; Watersheds; Broadleaved evergreen forests; Streams; Storms; Water quality; Water content; Stream flow; Hydrological factors; Rain; Groundwater; Solutes; Alkalinity; Ph; Nitrate; Potassium; Sulfate; Chloride; Sodium; Calcium; Magnesium; Mediterranean climate Abstract: The results of an extensive study of streamwater chemistry during stormflow events, for a montane Mediterranean area, are presented. Four groups of variables are identified as having contrasting behaviour: alkalinity and pH; nitrate and potassium; sulphate and chloride; sodium, calcium and magnesium. The results show a complex pattern of response to flow that can be broadly linked to: (1) antecedent hydrological conditions; (2) rainfall intensity; (3) supplies of water from chemically distinct areas within the catchment. However, comparisons between this study and a parallel one which examined the composition of waters within the catchment, show that it is presently impossible to quantify the relative supplies from each part of the catchment. The findings are reviewed in relation to analogous studies within a European setting and in relation to modelling initiatives. 95 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42 Streamflow and water quality responses to preharvest prescribed burning in an undisturbed ponderosa pine watershed. Gottfried, G.J.; DeBano, L.F. Fort Collins, Colo. : The Station; 1990 May. General technical report RM - Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (191): p. 222-228. maps; 1990 May. Paper presented at a symposium on "Effects of Fire Management of Southwestern Natural Resources," Nov 15-17, 1988, Tucson, Arizona. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arizona; Prescribed burning; Fire effects; Water quality; Watersheds; Pinus; Stream flow; Nutrients; National forests 96 NAL Call. No.: aSD433.A53 Streamside habitats in southern forested wetlands: their role and implications for management. Howard, R.J.; Allen, J.A. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1989 Jan. General technical report SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (50): p. 97-106. ill; 1989 Jan. Paper presented at a "Symposium on the Forested Wetlands of the Southern United States," July 12-14, 1988, Orlando, Florida. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South eastern states of U.S.A.; Wetlands; Forests; Streams; Habitats; Riparian forests; Wildlife; Resource management; Water composition and quality 97 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 SO3 Sulfate retention and release in soils at Panola Mountain, Georgia. Shanley, J.B. Baltimore, Md. : Williams & Wilkins; 1992 Jun. Soil science v. 153 (6): p. 499-508; 1992 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Ultisols; Soil types (genetic); Forest soils; Mountain soils; Watersheds; Sulfate; Nutrient retention; Spatial variation; Temporal variation; Adsorption; Desorption; Sorption isotherms; Soil organic matter; Iron oxides; Aluminum oxide; Water flow; Surface layers; Subsoil; Soil depth; Acid deposition; Acidification; Water pollution 98 NAL Call. No.: QR1.C78 Survival and distribution of Yersinia enterocolitica in a tropical rain forest stream. Elias-Montalvo, E.E.; Calvo, A.; Hazen, T.C. New York, N.Y. : Springer International; 1989 Feb. Current microbiology v. 18 (2): p. 119-126. maps; 1989 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Yersinia enterocolitica; Tropical rain forests; Streams; Environmental pollution; Survival 99 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Temporal variation in nitrate and nutrient cations in drainage waters from a deciduous forest. Foster, N.W.; Nicolson, J.A.; Hazlett, P.W. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1989 Apr. Journal of environmental quality v. 18 (2): p. 238-244; 1989 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Acer saccharum; Betula alleghaniensis; Nitrates; Runoff water; Streams; Water composition and quality; Soil solution; Cations; Leaching Abstract: Temporal variations in soil solution and stream chemistry were examined in 1984 in an undisturbed sugar maple- yellow birch (Acer saccharum Marsh.-Betula alleghaniensis Britton) forest in the Turkey Lakes Watershed, Ontario. Nitrate was the dominant anion associated with cation depletion from soil. Nitrogen in precipitation was less important than soil N in the determination of solution chemistry. Growing-season increases in NH+4 and NO-3 in soil solution were greatest in the Oe horizon and decreased with depth. Nitrate concentrations in mineral soil solution and streamwater were highest during the dormant period and peaked at the start of spring snowmelt. Althouhg NO-3 concentrations in streamwater were positively correlated (r = 0.7-0.9) with NO-3 and Ca2+ concentrations in mineral soil solution during the dormant period, NO-3 contributed far less to cation fluxes in streamwater than HCO-3 or SO(2/4). 100 NAL Call. No.: T57.6.A1I5 no.RR-90-6 Toward ecological sustainability in Europe climate, water resources, soils and biota. Solomon, Allen M._1943-; Kauppi, Lea International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg, Austria : International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis,; 1990. ix, 167 p. : ill., maps ; 24 cm. (Research report (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis) ; RR-90-6.). August 1990. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English; English Descriptors: Climatic changes; Water quality management; Soil acidity; Forest declines 101 NAL Call. No.: aSD433.A53 Value of forested wetlands as filters for sediments and nutrients. Kuenzler, E.J. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1989 Jan. General technical report SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (50): p. 85-96. ill; 1989 Jan. Paper presented at a "Symposium on the Forested Wetlands of the Southern United States," July 12-14, 1988, Orlando, Florida. Language: English Descriptors: South eastern states of U.S.A.; Wetlands; Forests; Sediments; Nutrients; Runoff water; Pollution; Pollutants; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Riparian vegetation 102 NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F767 Water chemical profiles under four tree species at Gisburn, NW England. Brown, A.H.F.; Iles, M.A. Oxford : Oxford University Press; 1991. Forestry : The journal of the Institute of Chartered Foresters v. 64 (2): p. 169-187; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: England; Pinus; Quercus; Alnus; Picea; Rain; Water quality; Chemicals; Throughfall; Soil water; Forest litter; Canopy; Acidity Abstract: A study was made of the changes and variation in the chemistry of rainwater passing through the different strata of separate ecosystems of four tree species (oak, aider, spruce and pine) on the same site at Gisburn (Bowland Forest), north-west England. Waters were sampled as rain, throughfall, forest-floor leachate and soil waters from both the A and B/C horizons; and analysed for NH4-N, NO3-N, PO4-P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Al, SO4-S, Cl, total organic carbon and pH. Species differences--often marked ones--appear to exist in the concentrations of most solutes in most strata. The between- species differences in throughfall chemistry provide little guide to the chemistry of waters lower down the profile: the forest floor is a particularly important source of further species differences, e.g. variation in NO3 production and the resulting effects on acidity and other ions. The chemistry of the soil waters provides some indication of possible drainage losses, although the question of which horizon acts as the source of drainage waters on this site remains unanswered. The levels of H and Al, in particular, are very different between the upper mineral soil (A horizon) and the lower B/C horizon. In general, and based on these concentration data only, oak is associated with smallest potential solute losses, pine the greatest. 103 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Water flow paths and the spatial distribution of soils and exchangeable cations in an acid rain-impacted and a pristine catchment in Norway. Mulder, J.; Pijpers, M.; Christophersen, N. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1991 Nov. Water resources research v. 27 (11): p. 2919-2928; 1991 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Norway; Soil water movement; Streams; Surface water; Water flow; Soil solution; Soil types; B horizons; Aluminum; Exchangeable cations; Soil chemistry; Catchment hydrology; Acid rain; Acidification; Spatial distribution Abstract: The dynamic pattern of soil water transport is a major factor in determining the chemistry of streamwater. In the acidified Birkenes catchment (southernmost Norway) the streamwater chemistry is, to a first approximation, explained by mixing solutions from the forest floor, the B horizon and the deep peat, in various proportions depending on the hydrological conditions. Paradoxically, a direct physical contact between the forest floor and the B horizon on the one hand and the stream on the other is lacking, as the stream banks largely consist of peats. To investigate this paradox, soils and their levels of exchangeable cations were studied in a 100 m X 100 m grid. Results indicate that the exchange sites of the surface peat along the stream are significantly enriched in Al, probably due to return flow of Al-rich B horizon water. This view is supported by the similarity of the solution chemistry in surface peats and B horizons. Exchangeable base cations dominate in the forest floor upslope. Forest floor solutions, an important component of streamwater during intensive storms, are depleted in Al and may bypass the Al-enriched surface peats via ephemeral flow channels. A parallel study in a pristine catchment in mid- Norway shows a similar accumulation of Al in return flow areas. This indicates that acid deposition is not a prerequisite for elevated levels of exchangeable Al in the surface organic layers of return flow areas. 104 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3 Water quality and forestry--January 1982-July 1990. Kuske, J. Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1991 Mar. Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library (U.S.). (91-53): 38 p.; 1991 Mar. Bibliography. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Groundwater pollution; Forestry; Bibliographies 105 NAL Call. No.: SD566.M6W3 Water quality in forest management "best management practices in Minnesota". Minnesota, Legislature, Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources, Minnesota, Division of Forestry Minn. : s.n., 1990?; 1990. 104 p. : ill. ; 18 cm. Funding ... was provided by the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources through the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources / Division of Forestry. Bibliography: p. 90-94. Language: English; English Descriptors: Water quality management; Forest management 106 NAL Call. No.: GB651.N3 Water-related problems of the humid tropics. Gladwell, J.S.; Bonell, M. Paris : Unesco; 1990. Nature and resources v. 26 (3): p. 24-28; 1990. Language: English Descriptors: Humid tropics; Water requirements; Water resources; Erosion; Water quality; Forest policy; Forest resources; Population pressure; Water management AUTHOR INDEX Abubakar, M.M. 72 Adamson, J.K. 18 Allen, J.A. 96 Anderson, S. 3, 83 Angle, J.S. 62 Aravena, R. 13 Arnold, J.A. 65 Asbury, C.E. 85 Aschmann, S.G. 62 Avila, A. 87, 92, 94 Baker, M.B. Jr 45 Bari, M.A. 39 Bayley, S.E. 20 Bazilevich, N.I. 4 Beasley, R.S. 32 Beaty, K.G. 20 Beck, A.E. 76 Bell, R.W. 39 Billingham, P. 44 Blackburn, W.H. 68 Boesen, C. 61 Bonell, M. 106 Bowden, W.B. 85 Brahmer, G. 25 Brichford, S.L. 65 Brown, A.H.F. 102 Brown, Cheryl L. 28 Brown, M.T. 33 Burdette, D. 5 Bush, P.B. 27 Caldwell, William S. 88 Calvo, A. 98 Caspary, H.J. 15 Chappell, N.A. 75 Christophersen, N. 103 Clairain, E.J. Jr 37 Clinch, B. 34 Coffey, S.W. 65 Coltharp, G.B. 74 Conway, T. 24 Cooper, R.N. 81 Corbett, E.S. 52 Cornish, P.M. 23 Cosby, B.J. 58 Cubbage, F.W. 11, 31, 79 Dalziel, T.R.K. 49 Davidson, E.A. 63 DeBano, L.F. 95 Didon-Lescot, J.F. 43 Dillon, P.J. 13, 86 Dissmeyer, G.E. 90 Dobson, J.E. 29 Driscoll, C.T. 51 Durand, P. 43 Edwards, P.J. 19, 53 Ehinger, William 69 Elias-Montalvo, E.E. 98 Fearnside, P.M. 6 Feger, K.H. 25 Felding, G. 50 Feller, M.C. 21 Ferrier, R.C. 58 Fisher, R. 24 Flathead Basin Forest Practices, Water Quality and Fisheries Cooperative Program 69 Foster, N.W. 67, 99 Gale, J.A. 65 Gladwell, J.S. 106 Glaser, P.H. 80 Gold, A.J. 60 Goldsborough, L.G. 76 Goldstein, R.A. 1 Gottfried, G.J. 95 Grant, G.E. 14 Great Britain, Forestry Commission 36 Grieve, I.C. 17 Groffman, P.M. 60 Haney, H.L. Jr 31, 78 Harper, W.C. 93 Hawks, L.J. 31, 79 Hazen, T.C. 98 Hazlett, P.W. 99 Helvey, J.D. 53 Hickman, C. 11 Hill, R.L. 62 Hill, S. 24, 44 Hornbeck, J.W. 8 Howard, R.J. 96 Howells, G. 49 Hubbard, R.K. 56 Huckabee, J.W. 1 Hughes, S. 18 Ice, G.G. 40 Iles, M.A. 102 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis 100 Janssens, J.A. 80 Jeffrey, H.A. 24 Jenkins, A. 47, 58 Jennings, G.D. 65 Kauppi, Lea 100 Kleiss, B.A. 37 Kochenderfer, J.N. 19 Koprivnjak, J.F. 91 Kristiansen, H. 61 Kuenzler, E.J. 101 Kullberg, A. 2 Kuske, J. 104 Lanford, B.L. 5 Larsen, F. 61 Lawrence, G.B. 51 Lawson, E.R. 32 Lelong, F. 43 Lewis, J. 57 Lickwar, P. 11 Lindsey, S.B. 81 Lisle, T.E. 57 Livingston, R.J. 42 Logan, B. 34 Loh, I.C. 39 Lord, W.B. 72 Lovett, G.M. 26 Lowrance, R. 56 Lynch, J.A. 52 MacDonald, Lee H. 59 Martin, G.R. 9 Masters, R. 83 Mattice, J.S. 1 McDowell, W.H. 85 McIntosh, M.S. 62 Michael, D.L. 70 Michael, J.L. 16, 27, 41, 73 Miller, E.L. 32 Miller, J.D. 58 Miller, R. 3 Minnesota, Legislature, Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources, Minnesota, Division of Forestry 105 Mitchell, M.J. 67 Molot, L.A. 86 Moore, T.R. 91 Morrison, I.K. 67 Mulder, J. 103 Neal, C. 24, 43, 44, 92, 94 Neal, M. 24, 44, 92 Neary, D.G. 16, 27, 41, 54, 73 Newman, D.H. 31, 79 Nicolson, J.A. 99 Nisbet, T. R. 36 North Carolina, Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Geological Survey (U.S.) 88 Olson, R.K. 26 Parker, B.R. 20 Parker, T. 48 Peplies, R.W. 29 Phillippi, M.A. 74 Pijpers, M. 103 Pinol, J. 87, 92, 94 Pitelka, L.F. 1 Porcella, D.B. 1 Postma, D. 61 Potts, Donald F. 69 Pujin, V. 7 Reiners, W.A. 26 Reynolds, B. 18, 75 Rice, R.M. 57 Riekerk, H. 54 Ritter, W.F. 64 Roberts, J.D. 18 Roda, F. 87, 92, 94 Ruprecht, J.K. 22 Rush, R.M. 29 Russell, J.M. 81 Ryan, S.E. 14 Ryland, G.P. 24 Schiff, S.L. 13 Schindler, D.W. 20 Schofield, N. 39 Schofield, N.J. 22 Seegrist, D.W. 19 Shaffer, R.M. 31, 78 Shanley, J.B. 97 Shepard, J.P. 67 Shitikova, T.Y. 4 Siegel, D.I. 80 Siegel, W.C. 35 Simmons, R.C. 60 Skeffington, R.A. 49 Skopek, V. 55 Smart, Alan W. 59 Smith, C.J. 24, 44 Smith, C.M. 82 Smith, M.C. 56 Smolen, M.D. 65 Smoot, J.L. 9 Solomon, Allen M. 100 Soulsby, C. 46 Spooner, J. 65 Stainton, M.P. 20 Sterbacek, Z. 55 Stevens, P.A. 18 Stottlemyer, R. 66 Sundaram, K.M.S. 71 Swank, W.T. 54, 63 Ternan, J.L. 75 Tippets, B. 12 Troendle, C.A. 66 Trumbore, S.E. 13 Turton, D. 3 Turton, D.J. 32 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10, Center for Streamside Studies in Forestry, Fisheries & Wildlife (University of Washington) 59 United States, State and Private Forestry, Northeastern Area 84 Vachal, J. 55 Vellidis, G. 56 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Dept. of Agricultural Economics 28 Walbridge, M.R. 38 Walker, T.A.B. 58 Walls, J. 44 Warrington, A. 92 Waters, D. 47 Wells, M.J.M. 73 Welsch, David J. 84 White, K.D. 9 Williams, A.G. 75 Williams, T.M. 89 Wilson, R.R. 10 Windsor, C.L. 77 Wissmar, R. C. 59 Wood, J.C. 68 Yu, X. 30 Ziemer, R.R. 57 Zottl, H.W. 25 SUBJECT INDEX Abies 26 Abies nordmanniana 50 Acephate 71 Acer saccharum 67, 99 Acid deposition 1, 8, 17, 29, 49, 58, 86, 97 Acid pollution of rivers, lakes, etc 36 Acid rain 8, 20, 67, 86, 103 Acid soils 46 Acidification 1, 8, 15, 18, 24, 25, 36, 43, 44, 47, 49, 51, 58, 97, 103 Acidity 46, 47, 102 Activity 65 Adsorption 91, 97 Aerial application 73 Aerial photography 14 Afforestation 17, 39, 46, 47, 58, 82 Age of trees 47, 67 Agricultural development 22, 39 Agricultural land 22, 65 Air pollution 47, 49 Air quality 27 Air temperature 20 Alabama 5, 11 Alberta 76 Alkalinity 94 Alnus 102 Alpine vegetation 66 Aluminum 2, 17, 18, 46, 75, 103 Aluminum oxide 97 Ammonium 66, 85, 86 Ammonium nitrate 19 Animal wastes 56 Anions 17, 18 Application methods 41 Application rates 62, 71 Application to land 62 Aquatic communities 42, 74 Aquatic insects 2 Aquatic organisms 42 Aquifers 61 Arable land 61 Arizona 95 Arkansas 32, 37 Atrazine 50 B horizons 103 Benthos 2, 7, 74 Betula alleghaniensis 99 Bibliographies 104 Biocenosis 7 Biogeochemical cycles 4, 54 Biogeochemistry 25, 51, 67 Biological activity in soil 25 Biological production 4 Bioremediation 56 Bogs 80 Boreal forests 4, 20 Bottomlands 37, 89 Brazil 6 Bridges 5 British Columbia 21 Broadleaved evergreen forests 87, 94 Burning 89 Calcium 66, 94 Calcium ions 53 California 57 Canopy 14, 26, 92, 102 Carbon 13, 17, 91 Carbon cycle 13 Case studies 72 Catchment hydrology 13, 15, 17, 22, 24, 39, 43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 51, 54, 66, 82, 87, 92, 103 Cations 58, 99 Channels 14 Chemical analysis 21 Chemical composition 4, 17, 43, 81 Chemical properties 87 Chemicals 102 China 30 Chloride 18, 66, 94 Chlorides 62 Clay loam soils 71 Clearance 39 Clearcutting 18, 24, 52, 58, 68, 89 Climatic change 20 Climatic changes 100 Coastal areas 16, 57 Coastal plains 89 Colorado 66 Communities 33 Community ecology 2 Computer simulation 47 Concentration 91 Coniferous forests 2, 8, 17, 18, 24, 46, 47, 61, 75 Conservation 83 Costs 11 Crop damage 1 Culverts 5 Cycling 52, 67 Czechoslovakia 55 Dams 6 Decision making 72 Deforestation 22, 24 Degradation 41 Delaware 64 Denmark 50 Deposition 25 Desorption 97 Discharge 66, 87 Drainage channels 46 Drainage water 44, 50, 51 Drought 20 Economic analysis 11 Economic impact 78 Economics 65 Ecosystems 1, 4, 7, 12, 27 Electrical conductivity 53 Endangered species 83 England 102 Environmental aspects 36 Environmental degradation 6 Environmental education 79 Environmental impact 14, 27 Environmental impact reporting 16 Environmental policy 35 Environmental pollution 73, 98 Environmental protection 33, 78 Erosion 30, 45, 57, 106 Estuaries 42 Europe 7 Eutrophication 7 Evaporation 92 Evapotranspiration 30 Exchangeable cations 103 Expert systems 55 Fagus 43 Farming 55 Farmland 9, 64 Federal government 48 Fens 80, 91 Fire effects 20, 95 Fish 1 Fishes 57 Flathead National Forest (Mont.) 69 Flood plain forests and forestry 7 Flooded land 7 Floodplains 83 Floods 14 Florida 11, 16, 33, 42, 77 Forest damage 1, 15, 29 Forest declines 100 Forest ecology 15 Forest influences 10, 26, 30, 47, 57 Forest litter 102 Forest management 10, 34, 35, 40, 57, 58, 69, 78, 79, 90, 105 Forest plantations 16, 21, 23, 50, 89 Forest policy 10, 93, 106 Forest resources 30, 106 Forest soils 4, 8, 18, 19, 25, 41, 49, 53, 63, 64, 65, 71, 97 Forest steppe soils 4 Forest trees 80 Forestry 27, 41, 55, 81, 104 Forestry engineering 34 Forestry practices 5, 42, 54 Forests 3, 9, 13, 25, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37, 38, 41, 45, 49, 51, 58, 76, 77, 86, 91, 92, 96, 101 Forests and forestry 36, 59 France 43 Freshwater ecology 2 Geochemistry 61 Georgia 11, 56, 77, 97 German federal republic 25 Glyphosate 21, 76 Grasslands 43 Great Britain 36, 36, 36 Groundwater 16, 24, 60, 63, 65, 85, 87, 94 Groundwater level 22 Groundwater pollution 27, 50, 60, 61, 62, 81, 104 Growth 58 Habitats 37, 83, 96 Half life 41 Hardwoods 37, 52, 62, 67, 89, 90 Harvesting 11, 34, 52, 70 Heathland 61 Herbicide residues 76 Herbicides 16, 21, 89 Hexazinone 41, 50 Hill land 75 Historical records 10 Horizons 91 Humic acids 2 Humid tropics 106 Humus 2 Hydroelectric schemes 6 Hydrogen 66, 92 Hydrogen ions 8, 75 Hydrological factors 46, 94 Hydrology 23, 30, 33, 37, 85 Hydrology, Forest 36, 59 Imazapyr 41 Indicator species 57 Industrial wastes 81 Insect communities 2 Insecticide residues 71 Insects 74 Interception 82 Invertebrates 74 Ion activity 53 Ion transport 75 Ions 87 Iron 17 Iron oxides 97 Irrigated pastures 81 Irrigation water 81 Isotope labeling 13 Kentucky 9, 74 Lakes 29, 64 Land 39 Land clearance 22 Land use 17, 22, 33, 37, 39, 61, 65 Landscape ecology 55 Landslides 14, 70 Larix leptolepis 47 Law 35, 48, 79 Leachates 91 Leaching 26, 50, 53, 62, 73, 85, 99 Leaves 26 Legislation 31, 33, 78 Lichens 91 Liming 17, 49 Literature reviews 27, 29, 30, 41, 86 Local government 79 Logging 3, 10, 11, 14, 57, 72 Logging effects 24, 68, 72 Losses from soil systems 19, 24, 63, 68 Lowland areas 91 Magnesium 66, 94 Maryland 31, 62, 78, 79 Mathematical models 87 Meat and livestock industry 81 Mechanical methods 89 Mediterranean climate 87, 92, 94 Meltwater 66 Metabolites 50 Methamidophos 71 Microbial degradation 71 Microorganisms 71 Mineral content 4 Mineral soils 67, 73, 91 Mineralization 25, 45, 62 Minnesota 80 Mixed forests 62 Models 61, 65 Monitoring 70 Moorland 17 Mosses 91 Mountain areas 25, 29 Mountain forests 53 Mountain soils 97 Movement in soil 62, 75 National forests 12, 48, 95 Natural resources 38 Neutralization 51 Nevada 12 New Hampshire 8, 51 New York 29, 67 New Zealand 81, 82 Nitrate 18, 53, 66, 75, 94 Nitrate nitrogen 19, 63 Nitrates 60, 61, 62, 67, 81, 85, 86, 99 Nitrification 53, 62 Nitrogen 25, 62, 63, 67, 82, 101 Nitrogen content 4, 63 Nitrogen cycle 85 Nitrogen fertilizers 74 Nitrous oxide 63 Nontarget effects 27, 71 Northern england 18 Norway 103 Nutrient availability 42 Nutrient balance 4 Nutrient cycles 4 Nutrient retention 97 Nutrients 45, 54, 68, 95, 101 Oklahoma 3, 83 Ontario 13, 20, 67, 86, 99 Optimization 55 Oregon 14, 48, 57, 70, 72, 78 Organic compounds 91 Organic matter 42 Overland flow 46, 82 Oxygen 92 Pastures 39, 82 Peat 80 Peat soils 46, 80 Peatlands 80, 91 Pennsylvania 52 Persistence 41, 71 Pesticide persistence 73 Pesticide residues 42 Pesticides 27 Ph 2, 8, 29, 47, 60, 94 Phosphorus 19, 64, 82, 101 Physicochemical properties 25, 71 Phytoplankton 7 Picea 43, 102 Picea glauca 71 Picea sitchensis 18, 44, 47 Picloram 41, 73 Pinus 89, 95, 102 Pinus caribaea 16 Pinus palustris 73 Pinus radiata 23, 82 Planning 65 Plant ecology 80 Plant succession 80 Pollutants 101 Pollution 41, 101 Pollution control 56 Ponds 71, 76 Population pressure 106 Potassium 66, 94 Precipitation 30, 43, 53, 57, 66 Prescribed burning 45, 95 Program evaluation 6 Protection 11 Pseudotsuga menziesii 21 Pueraria lobata 73 Puerto Rico 85 Quebec 91 Quercus 102 Quercus ilex 92 Rain 25, 26, 92, 94, 102 Rangelands 45 Recharge 75 Reclamation 56 Reduction 61 Regulations 35, 77, 79 Reproduction 57 Research 12, 30 Research projects 32, 42 Residual effects 16 Resource conservation 11, 31, 38 Resource management 37, 38, 96 Responses 1 Reviews 65 Rhode Island 60 Riparian forests 14, 40, 56, 60, 63, 82, 83, 96 Riparian vegetation 83, 101 River basins 7 River water 7, 9, 53, 71 Riverbank protection 5 Rivers 37, 64, 88 Road construction 3, 77 Roads 3, 34 Robinia pseudoacacia 63 Runoff 30, 46, 56, 75, 82 Runoff water 99, 101 Salinity 22, 39 Sampling 9 Sandy loam soils 50, 71 Scotland 17, 58 Seasonal fluctuations 24, 63 Seasonal variation 60, 87 Seasonality 44 Sediment 14, 45, 57, 82 Sediment transport 69 Sediments 37, 76, 101 Seed cones 71 Seepage 19, 46 Sewage sludge 62 Silviculture 27, 54 Simulation models 26, 27, 57, 58 Site preparation 68, 89 Site types 9, 55 Sodium 66, 94 Soil acidity 8, 15, 58, 100 Soil alkalinity 58 Soil analysis 80 Soil chemistry 18, 24, 91, 103 Soil depth 60, 62, 63, 97 Soil organic matter 60, 71, 97 Soil ph 8, 58 Soil pollution 61, 71 Soil properties 67 Soil solution 63, 73, 99, 103 Soil texture 85 Soil treatment 58 Soil types 103 Soil types (genetic) 97 Soil water 18, 45, 46, 66, 71, 75, 87, 102 Soil water movement 62, 103 Solubility 63 Solutes 75, 87, 94 Sorption isotherms 97 South America 4 South Carolina 77 South eastern states of U.S.A. 54, 89, 96, 101 Southeastern states of U.S.A. 41 Southern states of U.S.A. 27, 38 Spain 87, 92, 94 Spatial distribution 103 Spatial variation 51, 60, 97 Species diversity 2, 27, 80 Stable isotopes 92 Stagnopodzols 46 Stand establishment 89 State government 79 States 40 Storms 46, 75, 92, 94 Stratigraphy 80 Stream erosion 3 Stream flow 22, 24, 43, 44, 45, 51, 54, 68, 73, 87, 92, 94, 95 Streambank planting 84 Streams 2, 3, 5, 8, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 34, 41, 43, 47, 53, 57, 58, 63, 66, 74, 75, 82, 87, 91, 92, 94, 96, 98, 99, 103 Subalpine forests 66 Subarctic soils 91 Subsoil 97 Subsurface drainage 60 Subsurface layers 51 Sulfate 18, 47, 66, 94, 97 Sulfates 20, 67, 75 Sulfonylurea herbicides 41 Sulfur 25, 67 Surface layers 92, 97 Surface water 1, 41, 46, 47, 55, 65, 80, 103 Survival 98 Sweden 2 Taiga soils 4 Technology 30 Temperate zones 4 Temperature 60, 71, 87 Temporal variation 44, 51, 97 Texas 68 Throughfall 25, 67, 102 Transpiration 82, 92 Transport processes 61 Triple superphosphate 19 Tropical rain forests 4, 6, 85, 98 Tropical zones 4 Turbidity 71 U.S.A. 35 U.S.S.R.in europe 4 Ultisols 97 Upland areas 54, 60, 91 Urban areas 65 Urbanization 33 Variation 66, 92 Vegetation 41, 80, 91 Vegetation types 33 Virginia 31, 78, 79 Wales 18, 24, 44, 46, 47, 75 Washington 10, 48 Water composition and quality 4, 16, 21, 26, 32, 33, 37, 40, 54, 63, 74, 89, 96, 99 Water conservation 3 Water content 66, 71, 87, 92, 94 Water erosion 14 Water flow 82, 97, 103 Water management 48, 79, 106 Water pollution 1, 5, 6, 7, 20, 21, 29, 35, 42, 48, 54, 55, 56, 57, 64, 65, 71, 74, 76, 86, 97 Water quality 2, 3, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 27, 29, 30, 31, 35, 38, 39, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 52, 53, 56, 58, 65, 66, 68, 70, 72, 75, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 102, 104, 106 Water quality management 59, 69, 84, 100, 105 Water requirements 106 Water resources 14, 30, 65, 78, 90, 106 Water reuse 81 Water supply 10, 30 Water table 39, 60 Water uptake 26 Water yield 15, 23, 32, 82 Watershed management 10, 72, 93 Watersheds 8, 10, 13, 17, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 27, 32, 39, 41, 43, 44, 46, 47, 51, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 63, 64, 66, 68, 72, 74, 82, 85, 86, 87, 91, 92, 94, 95, 97 Weathering 8 Weed control 73 West scotland 49 West Virginia 19, 53 Western australia 22, 39 Wetlands 33, 35, 37, 38, 54, 56, 60, 77, 89, 90, 96, 101 Whole tree logging 8 Wild birds 1 Wildfires 20, 45 Wildlife 37, 83, 96 Windfalls 29 Woodlands 74, 91 Yersinia enterocolitica 98 Zooplankton *************************************************************************** SEARCH STRATEGY Set Items Description S1 50456 (GROUND()WATER OR GROUNDWATER 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For information on electronic access for interlibrary loan requests, the "Interlibrary Loan" file. 1) DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICES TO INDIVIDUALS The National Agricultural Library (NAL) supplies agricultural materials not found elsewhere to other libraries. Filling requests for materials readily available from other sources diverts NAL's resources and diminishes its ability to serve as a national source for agricultural and agriculturally related materials. Therefore, NAL is viewed as a library of last resort. SUBMIT REQUESTS FIRST TO LOCAL OR STATE LIBRARY SOURCES PRIOR TO SENDING TO NAL. In the United States, possible sources are public libraries, land-grant university or other large research libraries within a state. In other countries submit requests through major university, national, or provincial institutions. If the needed publications are not available from these sources, submit requests to NAL with a statement indicating their non-availability. Submit one request per page following the instructions for libraries below. NAL'S DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICE INFORMATION FOR THE LIBRARY The following information is provided to assist your librarian in obtaining the required materials. LOAN SERVICE -- Materials in NAL's collection are loaned only to other U.S. libraries. Requests for loans are made through local public, academic, or special libraries. The following materials are not available for loan: serials (except USDA serials); rare, reference, and reserve books; microforms; and proceedings of conferences or symposia. Photocopy or microform of non-circulating publications may be purchased as described below. DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICE -- Photocopies of articles are available for a fee. Make requests through local public, academic, or special libraries. The library will submit a separate interlibrary loan form for each article or item requested. If the citation is from an NAL database (CAIN/AGRICOLA, "Bibliography of Agriculture," or the NAL Catalog) and the call number is given, put that call number in the proper block on the request form. Willingness to pay charges must be indicated on the form. Include compliance with copyright law or a statement that the article is for "research purposes only" on the interlibrary loan form or letter. Requests cannot be processed without these statements. Please read copyright notice below. CHARGES: * Photocopy, hard copy of microfilm and microfiche - $5.00 for the first 10 pages or fraction copied from a single article or publication. $3.00 for each additional 10 pages or fraction. * Duplication of NAL-owned microfilm - $10.00 per reel. * Duplication of NAL-owned microfiche - $5.00 for the first fiche and $ .50 for each additional fiche per title. BILLING - Charges include postage and handling, and are subject to change. Invoices are issued quarterly by the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161. Establishing a deposit account with NTIS is encouraged. DO NOT SEND PREPAYMENT. Send Requests to: USDA, National Agricultural Library Document Delivery Services Branch, ILL, PhotoLab 10301 Baltimore Blvd., NAL Bldg. Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351 Contact the Head, Document Delivery Services Branch in writing or by calling (301) 504-5755 with questions or comments about this policy. 3) DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICES AVAILABLE TO FOREIGN LIBRARIES, INFORMATION CENTERS AND COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS. The National Agricultural Library (NAL) accepts requests from libraries and other organizations in accordance with the national and international interlibrary loan code and guidelines. In its national role, NAL supplies copies of agricultural materials not found elsewhere. Filling requests for materials readily available from other sources diverts NAL's resources and diminishes its ability to serve as a national source for agricultural and agriculturally related materials. Therefore, NAL is viewed as a library of last resort. Submit requests to major university libraries, national or provincial institutions or network sources prior to sending requests to NAL. If the needed publications are not available from these sources, submit requests to NAL with a statement indicating their non-availability. AGLINET -- Requesters in countries with an AGLINET library are encouraged to make full use of that library and its networking capabilities. As an AGLINET participant, NAL provides free document delivery service for materials published in the United States to other AGLINET participants. REQUESTS -- Submit requests on the American Library Association (ALA) or the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) interlibrary loan form or via electronic mail or telefacsimile (see over for more details). Include the complete name of the person authorizing the request on each form; the standard bibliographic source which lists the title as owned by NAL; and the call number if the citation is from an NAL database(CAIN/AGRICOLA, "Bibliography of Agriculture", or the NAL catalog). DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICE -- Submit a separate completed interlibrary loan form for each article requested. Indicate willingness to pay charges on the form, and compliance with copyright law or include a statement that the article is for "research purposes only". Requests cannot be processed without these statements. Please read copyright notice below. CHARGES: * Photocopy, hard copy of microfilm and microfiche - $5.00 for the first 10 pages or fraction copied from a single article or publication. $3.00 for each additional 10 pages or fraction. * Duplication of NAL-owned microfilm - $10.00 per reel. * Duplication of NAL-owned microfiche - $5.00 for the first fiche and $ .50 for each additional fiche per title. BILLING - Charges include postage and handling, and are subject to change. Invoices are issued quarterly by the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161. Establishing deposit account with NTIS is encouraged. Annual billing is available to foreign institutions on request by contacting NAL at the address below. DO NOT SEND PREPAYMENT. Send Requests to: USDA, National Agricultural Library Document Delivery Services Branch, ILL, PhotoLab 10301 Baltimore Blvd., NAL Bldg. Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351 Contact the Head, Document Delivery Services Branch at (301) 504-5755 with questions or comments about this policy. ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCESS FOR INTERLIBRARY LOAN (ILL) REQUESTS June 1993 The National Agricultural Library (NAL), Document Delivery Services Branch accepts ILL requests from libraries via several electronic services. All requests must comply with established routing and referral policies and procedures. The transmitting library will pay all fees incurred during the creation of requests and communication with NAL. A sample format for ILL requests is printed below along with a list of the required data/format elements. ELECTRONIC MAIL - (Sample form below) SYSTEM ADDRESS CODE ==================================================== INTERNET. . . . . LENDING@NALUSDA.GOV EASYLINK. . . . . 62031265 ONTYME. . . . . . NAL/LB TWX/TELEX . . . . Number is 710-828-0506 NAL LEND. This number may only be used for ILL requests. FTS2000 . . . . . A12NALLEND OCLC . . . . . . NAL's symbol AGL need only be entered once, but it must be the last entry in the Lender string. Requests from USDA and Federal libraries may contain AGL anywhere in the Lender String. SAMPLE ELECTRONIC MAIL REQUEST =================================================================| AG University/NAL ILLRQ 231 4/1/93 NEED BY: 6/1/93 | | | | Interlibrary Loan Department | | Agriculture University | | Heartland, IA 56789 | | | | Dr. Smith Faculty Ag School | | | | Canadian Journal of Soil Science 1988 v 68(1): 17-27 | | DeJong, R. Comparison of two soil-water models under | | semi-arid growing conditions | | Ver: AGRICOLA | | Remarks: Not available at IU or in region. | | NAL CA: 56.8 C162 | | | | Auth: C. Johnson CCL Maxcost: $15.00 | | | | MORE | | | ================================================================= TELEFACSIMILE - Telephone number is 301-504-5675. NAL accepts ILL requests via telefacsimile. Requests should be created on standard ILL forms and then faxed to NAL. NAL does not fill requests via Fax at this time. REQUIRED DATA ELEMENTS/FORMAT 1. Borrower's address must be in block format with at least two blank lines above and below so form may be used in window envelopes. 2. Provide complete citation including verification, etc. 3. Provide authorizing official's name (request will be rejected if not included). 4. Include statement of copyright compliance if applicable. Please read copyright notice below. 5. Indicate willingness to pay applicable charges. 6. Include NAL call number if available. Contact the Document Delivery Services Branch at (301) 504-6503 if additional information is required. **************************************************************** Photocopy Warning: NOTICE WARNING CONCERNING COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specific conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgement, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. 37 C.F.R. 201.14 **************************************************************** The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA Office of Communications at (202) 720-5881 (voice) or (202) 720-7808 (TDD). To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250, or call (202) 720-7327 (voice) or (202) 720-1127 (TDD). USDA is an equal employment opportunity employer.
Return to the Water Quality Information Center at the National Agricultural
Library.
Last update: April 27, 1998
The URL of this page is http://www.nal.usda.gov/wqic/Bibliographies/qb9365.html
J. R. Makuch /USDA-ARS-NAL-WQIC/
jmakuch@nal.usda.gov