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El Dorado Hills, Naturally Occurring Asbestos
Multimedia Exposure Assessment
Preliminary Assessment and Site Inspection Report Interim Final

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El Dorado Assessment home	4.0 Regulatory Involvement	8.0 Summary Appendices References
1.0 Introduction	5.0 Summary of Investigative Efforts	Acronyms Definitions
2.0 Apparent Problem	6.0 Hazard Ranking System Factors	Appendices & References
3.0 Site Location, Description & History	7.0 Emergency Response Considerations

Summary of Investigative Efforts, cont.

• 5.4.1 Ambient Outdoor Air Sampling
• 5.4.1.1 Fixed Ambient Air Sampling at the Community Park
• 5.4.1.2 Fixed Ambient Air Sampling for Activity-Based Reference Level Determiniations
• 5.4.1.3 Perimeter Monitoring on the New York Creek Nature Trail
  

5.4 Air Sampling

5.4.1 Ambient Outdoor Air Sampling

The START conducted ambient outdoor air sampling according to the El Dorado Hills Naturally Occurring Asbestos Multimedia Exposure Assessment, El Dorado Hills, California, Fixed Ambient Outdoor Reference Air Sampling Field Sampling Plan and the El Dorado Hills Naturally Occurring Asbestos Multimedia Exposure Assessment, El Dorado Hills, California, Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling of Community Park and Schools Field Sampling Plan.

The START collected fixed ambient outdoor reference air samples from locations that were selected so as to collect from areas nearby but primarily outside of the influence of activity-based outdoor air sampling activities. These fixed ambient outdoor reference air sampling locations were in the following areas:

• Five locations, referred to as the Southern Reference Area, at the El Dorado Hills Community Park, Silva Valley Elementary School, and Rolling Hills Middle School, and
• Five locations, referred to as the Northern Reference Area, around Jackson Elementary School.

In addition to these reference air sampling locations, the START placed one fixed ambient outdoor air sampler co-located with a temporary meteorological station positioned in a secure location west of the children’s playground at the El Dorado Hills Commu­nity Park. This location is referred to as the Ambient Air Monitor­ing Station.

Finally, along the New York Creek Nature Trail, the START placed stationary air samplers to conduct ambient outdoor air monitoring on two days when there was public activity on the trail but no activity-based sampling conducted there.

Except for the Ambient Air Monitoring Station (which was en­closed by a cyclone fence), the air sample pumps used for ambient outdoor air sampling generally were in locations that had public access. To ensure the integrity of the samples, either a member of the sampling team or a security guard watched the air sample pumps while they were operating. The START also conducted regular checks throughout the day to make sure the pumps were operating and the power source was adequate and continuous.

5.4.1.1 Fixed Ambient Air Sampling at the Community Park

Beginning on September 27, several days prior to conducting activity-based outdoor air sampling, the START positioned and began operating a temporary meteorological station, a high-volume (i.e., high-flow, approximately 10 liters/minute) air sample pump, and a dust monitor within an existing small fenced area west of the children's playground at the El Dorado Hills Community Park. The location of this area is shown as the Ambient Air Meteorological Station (AAMS) on Figure 5-1 (Fixed Ambient Outdoor Air Sam­pling Locations). The START operated the meteorological station, the air sample pump, and the dust monitor at this location daily through October 12.

The meteorological station was set up as a base station for the project to monitor wind speed, wind direction, humidity, temperature, and other meteorological conditions. Due to equipment malfunction, the electronic set of data collected from the meteorological base station was lost for the period from Octo­ber 5 through October 8, 2004; however the START did collect some of the meteorological data for this period through manual periodic logging. In addition, a second mobile meteorological station was used to collect meteorological data during some of the activity-based air sampling scenarios that were conducted during this period. The weather during the week leading up to the sam­pling was generally dry, and it was dry during most of the first week of sampling, but it drizzled on October 9, 2004. See Appen­dix A for a summary of meteorological data collected from the base station and from the mobile station.

The START collected air samples on air filters from the Ambient Air Meteorological Station fixed air sampler each day over an approximately 8-hour time interval. The daily time interval generally coincided with activity-based scenario sampling time periods. The primary focus of the investigative efforts is the potential for exposure of asbestos to children, so the intake of the air collection filter cassette at this location was positioned at a height of about 3 feet above the ground surface to represent the breathing height of a child. A summary of results for the ambient air samples from this monitoring station is shown in Table 5-1 (Ambient Air Monitoring Station Air Sample Summary Results).

Figure 5-1
(Click image for larger version)

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5.4.1.2 Fixed Ambient Air Sampling for Activity-Based Reference Level Determinations

Southern Reference Area at the El Dorado Hills Community Park, Silva Valley Elementary School, and Rolling Hills Middle School One day prior to starting the activity-based outdoor air sampling at the El Dorado Hills Community Park, Silva Valley Elementary School, and Rolling Hills Middle School, the START positioned and began operating five high-flow air sample pumps at the park and the two schools. The five fixed ambient outdoor reference air sample locations, which are shown as the Southern Reference Area on Figure 5-1 (Fixed Ambient Outdoor Air Sampling Locations), are the following:

SRA-R01	Community Park, west of main office
SRA-R02	Community Park courtyard between main office and pool area
SRA-R03	Rolling Hills Middle School at the southern end of the campus
SRA-R04	Silva Valley Elementary School at the southwestern corner of the campus
SRA-R05	On Community Park property in open space west of the North Field baseball playing field

Table 5-1 Ambient Air Monitoring Station Air Sample Summary Results
Sample ID	Date	PCME Structures (s/cc)	AHERA-like Total Structures (s/cc)	Sensitivity (s/cc)
AAMS‑D01‑092704	9/27/04	0.00115	0.00172	0.000286
AAMS‑D02‑092804	9/28/04	<0.000872	0.00117	0.000292
AAMS-D03-092904	9/29/04	0.000570	0.000570	0.000285
AAMS-D04-093005	9/30/04	0.000860	0.00229	0.000287
AAMS-D05-100104	10/01/04	0.00197	0.00282	0.000282
AAMS-D06-100204	10/02/04	0.000582	0.00146	0.000291
AAMS-D07-100304	10/03/04	0.000306	0.000611	0.000306
AAMS-D107-100304 1	10/03/04	0.000613	0.00245	0.000307
AAMS-D08-100404	10/04/04	<0.000871	<0.000871	0.000291
AAMS-D09-100504	10/05/04	results pending	results pending	results pending
AAMS-D10-100604	10/06/04	results pending	results pending	results pending
AAMS-D11-100704	10/07/04	0.000580	0.00174	0.000290
AAMS-D12-100804	10/08/04	0.000290	0.00232	0.000290
AAMS-D13-100904	10/09/04	<0.000851	<0.000851	0.000285
AAMS-D14-101004	10/10/04	0.000583	0.00612	0.000292
AAMS-D15-101104	10/11/04	<0.000894	0.00239	0.000299
AAMS-D16-101204	10/12/04	results pending	results pending	results pending
AAMS-1ZB-092904 2	9/29/04	<0.000871	<0.000871	0.000291
AAMS-1ZB-100204 2	10/02/04	<0.000871	<0.000871	0.000291
AAMS-2ZB-100204 2	10/02/04	<0.000869	<0.000869	0.000291
AAMS-FB-093004 3	9/30/04	<0.000974	<0.000974	0.000326
PCME fibers = fibers longer than 5 microns with a width between 0.25 and 3 microns, and an aspect ratio (length to width) greater than 3:1 AHERA-like total structures = structures longer than 0.5 microns with an aspect ratio greater than 3:1 (Note this differs somewhat from the strict AHERA structure definition) Sensitivity = the sample-specific lowest concentration of asbestos the laboratory can reliably detect s/cc = structures per cubic centimeter 1 AAMS-D107-100304 is a duplicate sample for (i.e., co-located with) AAMS-D07-100304 2 field blank sample 3 filter blank sample

Location SRA-R01 was originally sited close to El Dorado Hills Boulevard under the flag pole (SRA-R01a). The location was later changed (October 4, 2004) to a spot closer to the main office (SRA-R01b) due to problems obtaining electrical power to operate the air sample pump at that location and because park personnel wanted to remove the turf covering the driveway that passes through that area since it had become muddy and posed a hazard to drivers.

The START collected air samples on air filters from these fixed locations in the Southern Reference Area daily over an approxi­mately 8-hour time interval one day prior to, each day during, and the day after the activity-based outdoor air sampling was conducted at the Community Park (including along the New York Creek Nature Trail) and the southern two schools. The daily time interval generally coincided with the activity-based scenario sampling time periods at the park and schools. The intakes of the air collection filter cassettes were positioned at a height of about 3 feet above the ground surface. This height was selected so as to be the same as that of the air collection filter cassette intakes that were used during activity-based sampling to represent the breathing height of a child. A dust monitor was co-located with the air sample pump at Rolling Hills Middle School at the southern end of the campus (SRA-R03), and total dust concentrations were monitored. The dust monitor was positioned at the same height as the air collection filter cassette. A summary of results for the Southern Reference Area samples is shown in Table 5-2 (Southern Reference Area Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from the dust monitor from these locations.

Northern Reference Area Around Jackson Elementary School

One day prior to conducting activity-based outdoor air sampling at Jackson Elementary School, the START positioned five high-flow air sample pumps at five locations in the vicinity of the school. The five fixed ambient outdoor reference air sample locations, which are shown as the Northern Reference Area on Figure 5-1 (Fixed Ambient Outdoor Air Sampling Locations), are the following:

NRA-R01	St. Andrews Park
NRA-R02	Art Weisberg Park, on the east side of the park in a grassy area among the trees
NRA-R03	Art Weisberg Park, on the west side of the park in an open grassy area next to Pendleton Drive
NRA-R04	Adjacent to the walkway that joins the nearby residential neighborhood to the northern end of the New York Creek Nature Trail
NRA-R05	On the median of El Dorado Hills Boulevard just north of Campbell Ranch Drive

The START collected air samples on air filters from these fixed locations daily over an approximately 8-hour time interval one day prior to, the day of, and the day after the activity-based outdoor air sampling was conducted at Jackson Elementary School. The daily time interval generally coincided with the activity-based scenario sampling time periods at the school. The intakes of the air collec­tion filter cassettes were positioned at a height of about 3 feet above the ground surface. This height was selected so as to be the same as that of the air collection filter cassette intakes that were used during activity-based sampling to represent the breathing height of a child. A dust monitor was co-located with the air sample pump at Art Weisberg Park, on the west side of the park in an open grassy area next to Pendleton Drive (NRA-R03), and total dust concentrations were monitored. The dust monitor was posi­tioned at the same height as the air collection filter cassette. A summary of results for the Northern Reference Area samples is shown in Table 5-3 (Northern Reference Area Air Sample Sum­mary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from the dust monitor from these locations.

5.4.1.3 Perimeter Monitoring on the New York Creek Nature Trail

On October 3 and October 9, 2004, the START placed five high-flow air sample pumps along the New York Creek Nature Trail to collect ambient outdoor air samples during those two days. The START was not conducting activity-based air sampling in the immediate vicinity on those two days, but members of the public were active in the park and on the trail. On October 3, a dog-walk event was held in the park, and on October 9 the trail was open to normal activity for a Saturday.

The locations of the five stationary sample pumps that were oper­ated on the trail on October 3 are shown as CC2-1CT, CC2-2CT, CC2-3CT, CC2-4CT, and CC2-5CT, and the locations of the five sample pumps that operated on October 9 are shown as TRA-1TR/TRA11TR, TRA-2TR, TRA-3TR, TRA-4TR, and TRA-5TR on Figure 5-2 (New York Creek Nature Trail Perimeter Monitoring Locations). The START collected air samples on air filters from these stationary locations over an approximately 8-hour time interval on these two days. The intakes of the air collection filter cassettes in stationary locations along the trail were positioned at a height of about 5 feet above the ground surface to represent the breathing height of an adult. A summary of results for the trail perimeter samples is shown in Table 5-4 (New York Creek Nature Trail Perimeter Monitoring Air Sample Summary Results).

Dust monitors were co-located with two of the air sample pumps (CC2-1CT and CC2-3CT) on October 3 and with all five air sam­ple pumps on October 9. These dust monitors measured total dust concentrations along the trail. The dust monitors were positioned at the same height as the air collection filter cassettes. See Appendix B for a summary of the results from the dust monitor from these locations.

Figure 5-2
(click image for larger version)

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5.4.2 Activity-Based Air Sampling

The START conducted activity-based air sampling according to the El Dorado Hills Naturally Occurring Asbestos Multimedia Exposure Assessment, El Dorado Hills, California, Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling of Community Park and Schools Field Sampling Plan and the El Dorado Hills Naturally Occurring Asbestos Multimedia Exposure Assessment, El Dorado Hills, California, Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling of Community Park Children’s Playground Field Sampling Plan. The types of activities the START conducted during activity-based outdoor air sampling included simulating work and play on baseball fields, soccer fields, basketball courts, playgrounds, and a hiking trail. Changes to these plans, if any, are noted in the discussion below.

The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sample collec­tion at the following locations during 19 different activity-based sampling events or scenarios. These areas are illustrated on Figure 5-3 (Scenarios Location Map):

• The New York Creek Nature Trail;
• The New York Creek baseball playing field at the Community Park;
• The north baseball playing field at the Community Park;
• The south baseball playing field at the Community Park;
• The (lower) soccer playing field between the north and south baseball playing fields at the Community Park;
• The children’s playground at the Community Park;
• The baseball playing field at Silva Valley Elementary School;
• The basketball court area at Rolling Hills Middle School;
• The soccer playing field at Rolling Hills Middle School;
• Playing fields and paved play areas at Jackson Elementary School; and
• The garden and outdoor classroom at Jackson Elementary School.

Members of the sampling team wore personal air monitoring pumps and Level C personal protective equipment while con­ducting activities within scripted scenarios to collect samples on air collection filter cassettes. The majority of the scenarios were designed to simulate primarily the activities of children, with simulation of adult activities as a small component. Some of the scenarios included simulation of only child activities, and some scenarios included simulation of only adult activities. Air collection filter cassettes were placed at a height of about 3 feet above ground surface to represent the breathing height of a child and about 5 feet above ground surface to represent the breathing height of an adult.

At each of the areas of concern the sampling team conducted the scenarios for the duration of the event, engaging in dust generation activities that could disturb asbestos fibers and release them into the air. The level of activity ranged from minimal to aggressive dust generation. Except as noted, the sampling team conducted each scenario for 2 hours. For all baseball and soccer scenarios, members of the sampling team who participated as players wore baseball cleats.

Figure 5-3

Activities within each scenario area were conducted by a specific number of people (either five, six, or seven, depending on the activity). When a member of the sampling team took a break from the activity, another member of the sampling team took his or her place in the scenario so that the number of people conducting scenario activities remained constant. The sample pumps and dust monitors were carried in removable work belts to facilitate the exchange of sampling team members as needed.

In addition to the personal air sample pumps worn by members of the sampling team, and except as noted, the START positioned several stationary air sample pumps within each scenario activity and upwind and downwind of scenario activity. For activity-based sampling scenarios conducted at the baseball playing fields at the Community Park, the START also positioned stationary sampling pumps at the Children’s Playground at the Community Park. The intakes for the air collection filter cassettes of the stationary sample pumps were set at a height of about 3 feet, except as noted.

Field conditions required the START to make several changes to the FSPs, most of which are related to the sampling schedule. Table 5-5 (Final Schedule of Field Work) shows the final sampling schedule as conducted.

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5.4.2.1 Silva Valley Elementary School

Field Maintenance Scenario. The baseball playing field at Silva Valley Elementary School is ordinarily maintained by parent volunteers during the playing season. The school district closed the field to Little League play during 2004. The field was mowed routinely, but grass had been allowed to grow over the basepaths and pitcher’s mound areas. To conduct the baseball scenarios, the pitcher’s mound and basepaths had to be cleared to bare soil, so the START added a new “field maintenance” scenario to the schedule. In doing so, the START was able to collect samples representing activities of parent volunteers while restoring the field to a condi­tion suitable for conducting baseball play scenarios.

The START conducted the field maintenance scenario on October 2, 2004. The field maintenance scenario was conducted with six members of the sampling team simulating adult/parent volunteers who used rakes, hoes, and other garden tools to clear the basepaths and the pitcher’s mound area. Sampling team members removed the grass and weeds from the areas cleared, shaking loose the dirt from the roots as needed, then placed the material that was re­moved in plastic garbage bags, which were later taken to the local dump in accordance with appropriate disposal procedures.

During the field maintenance scenario each member of the sam­pling team wore a personal air monitoring pump whose intake was set at a height of about 5 feet above ground surface to approximate the breathing height of parent volunteers. The intakes were also set at a height of about 5 feet for the air collection filter cassettes of the stationary sample pumps for the field maintenance scenario.

The outline of the field and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the field maintenance scenario are shown as SVM-1FD, SVM-2FD, SVM-3FD, SVM-4FD, and SVM-5FD on Figure 5-4 (Silva Valley Elementary School Baseball Playing Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Maintenance Scenario). The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as SVM-MS. A summary of results for the field maintenance scenario samples is shown in Table 5-6 (Silva Valley Elementary School Baseball Playing Field Maintenance Scenario Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Baseball Scenario A. The playing field at Silva Valley Elementary School was initially wet when the START arrived, and after clear­ing the basepaths and pitcher’s mound the soil was still fairly moist. The purpose of the sampling during the baseball scenarios was to simulate baseball play on the field during the dry season, so instead of conducting two more baseball play scenarios immedi­ately after the maintenance scenario, the START revised the planned sampling schedule. The START conducted one baseball play scenario on the field on the afternoon following the mainte­nance scenario (October 2, 2004), but then waited until the next morning to conduct the second baseball play scenario to allow the soil to dry out somewhat. This change impacted the schedule for scenarios that had been planned for the following day, so one of the three jogging/walking scenarios on the New York Creek Nature Trail was dropped from the schedule.

Prior to conducting the baseball play scenarios at Silva Valley Elementary School, to test the moisture level of the field the START collected three soil samples from dispersed locations on the field just below the top ¼ to ½ inch of soil. The START also collected soil moisture samples similarly from other playing fields and areas where activity-based sampling was conducted throughout the week. Many of these soil moisture samples were collected just prior to conducting activity-based sampling; in a few cases they were collected after activity-based sampling had already been conducted. Table 5-7 (Moisture Levels in Activity Area Soils) shows the results of the soil moisture tests conducted for the Silva Valley Elementary School baseball playing field, as well as for the other playing fields.

Figure 5-4
(click image for larger version)

The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during this scenario according to the following scripted schedule:

• For the entire 2-hour scenario, one member of the sampling team simulated the activities of an adult/parent spectator walking and standing behind the backstop and sitting in the dugouts. The intake for the air collection filter cassette worn by this sampling team member was set at a height of about 5 feet.
• For the first 30 minutes, five other members of the sampling team used rakes and brooms to perform types of field mainte­nance activities that might be conducted prior to a game. One team member swept in the dugouts, three used rakes on the dirt areas of the infield, and one observed the maintenance activi­ties at close range to the others who were performing the work. The intakes for the air collection filter cassettes worn by these sampling team members were set at a height of about 3 feet.
• For the remaining 90 minutes, the five other members of the sampling team alternately sat in the dugouts for 10 minutes then played baseball (infield practice) for 20 minutes; this pattern was repeated three times in the 90 minutes.
• During the last 30 minutes of infield practice play, a seventh member of the sampling team who was not wearing a sample pump entered the scenario to run bases and slide toward bases. This member of the sampling team was allowed to engage in more vigorous physical activity than the other members of the sampling team without having to worry about damaging the equipment or having the pumps fall out of the belts.

Table 5-7
(click image for larger version)

The outline of the field and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the first baseball scenario are shown as SVBA-1FD, SVBA-2FD, SVBA-3FD, SVBA-4FD, and SVBA-5FD on Figure 5-5 (Silva Valley Elementary School Baseball Playing Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Baseball Scenario A). The position of the mobile mete­orological station is shown as SVBA-MS. A summary of results for Baseball Scenario A samples is shown in Table 5-8 (Silva Valley Elementary School Baseball Scenario A Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Baseball Scenario B. The START collected soil samples to test the moisture level again immediately prior to conducting the second baseball play scenario at Silva Valley Elementary School (see Table 5-7: Moisture Levels in Activity Area Soils).

The START conducted Baseball Scenario B on October 3, 2004. The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during the second baseball play scenario according to the same scripted schedule that was used for Baseball Scenario A.

The outline of the field and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the second baseball scenario are shown as SVBB-1FD, SVBB-2FD, SVBB-3FD, SVBB-4FD, and SVBB-5FD on Figure 5-6 (Silva Valley Elementary School Baseball Playing Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Baseball Scenario B). The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as SVBB-MS. A summary of results for the field maintenance scenario samples is shown in Table 5-9 (Silva Valley Elementary School Baseball Scenario B Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Figure 5-5

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5.4.2.2 Rolling Hills Middel School

The logistics of conducting one scenario at Silva Valley Elementary School in the morning, and then moving all the equipment and personnel to Rolling Hills Middle School to conduct two more scenarios took more time than was anticipated. In order to complete scenarios at both the soccer field and the basketball play area at Rolling Hills Middle School before dark, the START cut the length of time the soccer scenario was performed; instead of 2 hours the soccer scenario was stopped after about 1.5 hours of activity had been completed.

Soccer Scenario. The START collected soil samples to test the moisture level immediately prior to conducting the soccer scenario at Rolling Hills Middle School (see Table 5-7: Moisture Levels in Activity Area Soils). The soccer scenario activity was conducted on a rectangular area toward the southern end of the field where the START observed bare areas in the grass.

The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during the soccer scenario on October 3, 2004, according to the following scripted schedule:

• For the entire 1.5-hour scenario, one member of the sampling team simulated the activities of an adult/parent spectator sitting near the edge or walking around and occasionally within the area of play. This member of the sampling team would some­times retrieve a ball kicked out of the area of play. The intake for the air collection filter cassette worn by this sampling team member was set at a height of about 5 feet.
• For the entire 1.5-hour scenario, five other members of the sampling team passed soccer balls back and forth to each other. They sometimes formed a small circle to practice passing; other times they dribbled the ball across the field with other sampling team members close by. The intakes for the air collection filter cassettes worn by these sampling team members were set at a height of about 3 feet.

The area within which the START conducted the activity is out­lined and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operat­ing during the soccer scenario are shown as RHS-1FD, RHS-2FD, RHS-3FD, RHS-4FD, and RHS-5FD on Figure 5-7 (Rolling Hills Middle School Soccer Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Soccer Scenario). The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as RHS-MS. A summary of results for the soccer scenario samples is shown in Table 5-10 (Rolling Hills Middle School Soccer Scenario Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Basketball Scenario.
The START conducted the basketball scenario on a half court of one of the basketball courts at Rolling Hills Middle School on October 3, 2004.

Figure 5-7

Table 5-10

The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during the basketball scenario according to the following scripted sched­ule:

• For the entire 2-hour scenario, one member of the sampling team simulated the activities of an adult/parent spectator sitting near the edge or walking around and occasionally within the area of play. This member of the sampling team would some­times retrieve a ball that bounced out of the area of play. The intake for the air collection filter cassette worn by this sampling team member was set at a height of about 5 feet.
• For the first 10 minutes, two other members of the sampling team used brooms to sweep the half-court, two dribbled basket­balls around the half-court, and one walked close by those sweeping or dribbling. The intakes for the air collection filter cassettes worn by these sampling team members were set at a height of about 3 feet.
• For the remaining 110 minutes, these five other members of the sampling team played basketball and conducted practice drills according to the following 10-minute activity modules:
  • Layups
  • Top of the Key
  • Half-Court Game
  • Foul Line Shots
  • Layups
  • Top of the Key
  • Half-Court Game
  • Foul Line Shots
  • Layups
  • Top of the Key
    Free Shots
    

The area within which the START conducted the activity is out­lined and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the basketball scenario are shown as RHB-1FD, RHB­2FD, RHB-3FD, RHB-4FD, and RHB-5FD on Figure 5-8 (Rolling Hills Middle School Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Basketball Scenario). The position of the mobile meteoro­logical station is shown as RHB-MS. A summary of results for the basketball scenario samples is shown in Table 5-11 (Rolling Hills Middle School Basketball Scenario Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

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5.4.2.3 Children’s Playground at the Community Park

The START conducted two scenarios at the Children’s Playground at the Community Park on October 4, 2004: a Typical Activity Scenario and an Aggressive Activity Scenario. The plan for these scenarios, as described in the El Dorado Hills Naturally Occurring Asbestos Multimedia Exposure Assessment, El Dorado Hills, California, Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling of Community Park Children’s Playground Field Sampling Plan, had called for members of the sampling team to simulate typical levels of chil-dren’s play activity during the Typical Activity Scenario and a slightly more vigorous level of activity during the Aggressive Activity Scenario. To limit the variables between the two scenarios, however, U.S. EPA directed members of the sampling team to simulate children’s play at about the same level of activity for both scenarios. The primary differences between the two scenarios were the addition of the following for the Aggressive Activity Scenario:

• A leaf blower was used just prior to conducting scenario activity on each side of the playground.
  
  
• Several box fans were set up in rings around each side of the playground to blow air toward the center of the playground during the scenario.

For both scenarios, the intakes for the air collection filter cassettes worn by the sampling team members were set at a height of about 3 feet. No stationary air sample pumps were operated during the either of the Children’s Playground scenarios.

Figure 5-8

Table 5-11

Typical Activity Scenario.
The START performed the Typical Activity Scenario first. The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during the scenario according to the follow­ing scripted schedule (see Table 5-12: Children’s Playground Scenario Activities):

• For the first hour of the scenario five members of the sampling team simulated the activities of children playing in the western portion of the Children’s Playground, which has a wood chip ground cover. One member of the sampling team conducted solitary play activities during the scenario, while the other four sampling team members conducted activities in two pairs. They alternated activities every 10 minutes, as shown in Table 5-12 (Children’s Playground Scenario Activities).
• For the second hour of the scenario five members of the sam­pling team simulated the activities of children playing in the eastern portion of the Children’s Playground, which has rubber­like playground surface in most of the area and a sand box in one corner. One member of the sampling team continued to conduct solitary play activities during the scenario, while the other four sampling team members conducted activities in two pairs. They alternated activities every 10 minutes, as shown in Table 5-12 (Children’s Playground Scenario Activities).

Aggressive Activity Scenario. The START performed the Aggressive Activity Scenario second, with a break of more than an hour between the Typical Activity Scenario and the Aggressive Activity Scenario. The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sam­pling during the scenario according to the following scripted schedule:

• For about 20 minutes prior to starting the scenario, one member of the sampling team used a leaf blower in the western portion of the Children’s Playground, which has a wood chip ground cover. The START placed several box fans in a ring around this portion of the playground facing the center of the area. The team member using the leaf blower turned on each of the fans as he walked around in that portion of the playground blowing toward the ground, at the play structures, and up toward the shade canopy. See Table 5-13: Status of Leaf Blower and Fans During Aggressive Activity Scenario.
• The leaf blower was turned off but the fans remained turned on, and for the first hour of the scenario five members of the sam­pling team simulated the activities of children playing in the western portion of the Children’s Playground. As was done during the Typical Activity Scenario, one member of the sam­pling team conducted solitary play activities during the sce­nario, while the other four sampling team members conducted activities in two pairs. They alternated activities every 10 minutes, as shown in Table 5-12 (Children’s Playground Sce­nario Activities).

The outline of the Children’s Playground is shown on Figure 5-9 (Community Park Children’s Playground Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Area–Typical and Aggressive Activity Scenarios). The position of the mobile meteorological station (which was used only during the Typical Activity Scenario) and the Ambient Air Monitoring Station are shown as TPG-MS and AAMS, respectively. The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as RHB-MS. A summary of results for the playground scenario samples is shown in Table 5-14 (Community Park Chil-dren’s Playground Typical and Aggressive Activity Scenarios Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during these scenarios.

Figure 5-9

Table 5-14

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5.4.2.4 Playing Fields at the Community Park

During the baseball and soccer scenarios conducted on the playing fields at the Community Park, the START operated additional stationary high-flow air sample pumps at the Children’s Playground.

North Field Baseball Playing Field. The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling at the North Field on October 5. The START intended to collect soil samples to test the moisture level of the field prior to conducting the scenario, but this was inadvertently overlooked. The soil moisture samples were collected instead on October 7, 2004 (see Table 5-7: Moisture Levels in Activity Area Soils).

The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling at the North Field, according to the following scripted schedule:

For the entire 2-hour scenario, one member of the sampling team simulated the activities of an adult/parent spectator walking and standing behind the backstop and sitting on the bleachers and in the dugouts. The intake for the air collection filter cassette worn by this sampling team member was set at a height of about 5 feet.

• For the first 10 minutes, another member of the sampling team drove an electric maintenance cart towing a steel drag mat around to groom the infield. The cart and drag mat are the same equipment the CSD maintenance staff use to groom the infields prior to games. Use of the cart and drag mat mimicked CSD infield maintenance procedures, except that the START did not wet the infield down, as would normally be done prior to dragging, in an attempt to capture the upper end of exposure levels. During the infield dragging, two other members of the sampling team sat in the dugouts, and another two members of the sampling team walked around the infield, occasionally within or near the cloud of dust created by the drag mat. The intakes for the air collection filter cassettes worn by these five sampling team members were set at a height of about 3 feet.
  
• For the next 20 minutes, the electric cart and drag mat were set aside, and these five members of the sampling team walked around in the infield and spectator areas and used hand tools to perform field grooming tasks. One member of the sampling team swept the dugouts, one swept behind the backstops near the spectator bleachers, one used a dirt rake on the infield dirt, one walked around the bases, and one used a dirt tamp to tamp around the pitcher’s mound and home plate.
  
• For the remaining 90 minutes, the five members of the sam­pling team simulating the activities of children alternately sat in the dugouts for 10 minutes then played baseball (infield practice) for 20 minutes; this pattern was repeated three times in the 90 minutes.
  
• During the last 30 minutes of infield practice play, a seventh member of the sampling team who was not wearing a sample pump entered the scenario to run bases and slide toward bases. This member of the sampling team was allowed to engage in more vigorous physical activity than the other members of the sampling team without having to worry about damaging the equipment or having the pumps fall out of the belts.

The outline of the field and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the North Field baseball scenario are shown as NFB-1FD, NFB-2FD, NFB-3FD, NFB-4FD, NFB-5FD, NFB-1PG, NFB-2PG, NFB-3PG, NFB-4PG, and NFB-5PG on Figure 5-10 (Community Park North Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Baseball Scenario). Two composite samples collected during both baseball scenarios con­ducted on October 5 are shown as CC2-05-1CP and CC2-05-2CP. The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as NFB-MS. A summary of results for the baseball scenario samples is shown in Table 5-15 (Community Park North Field Baseball Scenario Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Figure 5-10

Table 5-15

South Field Baseball Playing Field. The START conducted three baseball scenarios on the South Field at the Community Park. One scenario was conducted on October 5 (Baseball Scenario A), and two were conducted on October 6, 2004 (Baseball Scenario B and Baseball Scenario C). The START intended to collect soil sam­ples to test the moisture level of the field prior to conducting each scenario, but this was inadvertently overlooked. Instead, a single set of soil moisture samples was collected for the South Field on October 7, 2004 (see Table 5-7: Soil Moisture Levels in Activity Area Soils).

The START conducted Baseball Scenario A and Baseball Scenario B according to the same scripted schedule used for the North Field. For Baseball Scenario C, however, the START conducted it en­tirely as a baseball infield practice scenario. The first 30 minutes of field maintenance activity (including the use of the steel drag mat) was replaced with infield practice play, so the scenario was still 2 hours in length.

South Field Baseball Scenario A. The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during Baseball Scenario A at the South Field according to the same scripted schedule that was used for the North Field.

The outline of the field and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the South Field Baseball Scenario A are shown as SFBA-1FD, SFBA-2FD, SFBA-3FD, SFBA-4FD, SFBA-5FD, SFBA-1PG, SFBA-2PG, SFBA-3PG, SFBA-4PG, and SFBA-5PG on Figure 5-11 (Community Park South Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Baseball Scenario A). Two composite samples collected during both baseball scenarios conducted on October 5 are shown as CC2-05-1CP and CC2-05-2CP. The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as SFBA-MS. A summary of results for Baseball Scenario A samples is shown in Table 5-16 (Community Park South Field Baseball Scenario A Air Sample Summary Results).

Figure 5-11

Table 5-16

South Field Baseball Scenario B. The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during Baseball Scenario B at the South Field according to the same scripted schedule that was used for the North Field.

The outline of the field and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the South Field Baseball Scenario B are shown as SFBB-1FD/SFBB-11FD/SFBB-21FD, SFBB-2FD, SFBB-3FD, SFBB-4FD, SFBB-5FD, SFBB-1PG/SFBB-11PG, SFBB-2PG, SFBB-3PG, SFBB-4PG, and SFBB-5PG on Figure 5­12 (Community Park South Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Baseball Scenario B). Two composite sam­ples collected during both baseball scenarios conducted on October 6 are shown as CC5-1CP and CC5-2CP. The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as SFBB-MS. A summary of results for Baseball Scenario B samples is shown in Table 5-17 (Community Park South Field Baseball Scenario B Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

South Field Baseball Scenario C (Without Field Maintenance). The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during Baseball Scenario C at the South Field according to the same scripted schedule that was used for the North Field, except that the maintenance component of the scenario was eliminated. Instead, during the first 30 minutes the five other sampling team members (i.e., all but the sampling team member simulating a parent/adult spectator) conducted infield practice. For the remaining 90 min­utes of the scenario, activities were conducted in the same manner as for the North Field.

Figure 5-12

Table 5-17

The outline of the field and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the South Field Baseball Scenario C are shown as SFBC-1FD/SFBC-11FD, SFBC-2FD, SFBC-3FD, SFBC-4FD, SFBC-5FD, SFBC-1PG, SFBC-2PG, SFBC-3PG, SFBC-4FD, and SFBC-5FD on Figure 5-13 (Community Park South Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Baseball Scenario C [Without Field Maintenance]). Two composite samples collected during both baseball scenarios conducted on October 6 are shown as CC5-1CP and CC5-2CP. The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as SFBC-MS. A summary of results for Baseball Scenario C samples is shown in Table 5-18 (Community Park South Field Baseball Scenario C [Without Field Maintenance] Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

New York Creek Field Baseball Playing Field. The START col­lected soil samples to test the moisture level of the field just prior to conducting the scenario at the New York Creek Field (see Table 5-7: Soil Moisture Levels in Activity Area Soils).

The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during the baseball scenario at the New York Creek Field according to the same scripted schedule that was used for the North Field.

The outline of the field and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the New York Creek Field baseball scenario are shown as NYB-1FD, NYB-2FD/NYB-12FD/NYB-22FD, NYB-3FD, NYB-4FD, NYB-1PG, NYB-2PG, NYB-3PG/NYB-13PG, NYB-4PG, and NYB-5PG on Figure 5-14 (Com­munity Park New York Creek Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Baseball Scenario). Two composite samples collected during both baseball scenarios conducted on October 7 are shown as CC6-1CP and CC6-2CP. The position of the mobile meteorological station is shown as NYB-MS. A summary of results for the baseball scenario samples is shown in Table 5-19 (Community Park New York Creek Field Baseball Scenario Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Figure 5-13

Table 5-18

Lower Soccer Field at the Community Park (Between North Field and South Field. The START collected soil samples to test the moisture level of the field just prior to conducting the scenario at the Lower Soccer Field (see Table 5-7: Soil Moisture Levels in Activity Area Soils).

The soccer scenario activity was conducted in three 40-minute sequential sessions on three separate rectangular areas where the grass was noted to be slightly barer than on other parts of the field.
The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during the soccer scenario at the lower soccer field on October 7, 2004, according to the following scripted schedule:

• For the entire 2-hour scenario, one member of the sampling team simulated the activities of an adult/parent spectator sitting near the edge or walking around and occasionally within the area of play. This member of the sampling team would sometimes retrieve a ball kicked out of the area of play. The intake for the air collection filter cassette worn by this sampling team member was set at a height of about 5 feet.
• For the entire 2-hour scenario, five other members of the sam­pling team passed soccer balls back and forth to each other. They sometimes formed a small circle to practice passing; other times they dribbled the ball across the field with other sampling team members close by. They spent 40 minutes on each of three areas of the field. The intakes for the air collection filter cassettes worn by these sampling team members were set at a height of about 3 feet.

Figure 5-14

Table 5-19

The three areas within which the START conducted the activity are outlined and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the soccer scenario are shown as CPS-1FD, CPS­2FD, CPS-3FD, CPS-4FD, CPS-5FD, CPS-1PG, CPS-2PG, CPS­3PG, CPS-4PG, and CPS-5PG on Figure 5-15 (Community Park Lower Soccer Field Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Soccer Scenario). Two composite samples collected during both baseball scenarios conducted on October 7 are shown as CC6-1CP and CC6-2CP. The position of the mobile meteoro­logical station is shown as CPS-MS. A summary of results for the baseball scenario samples is shown in Table 5-20 (Community Park Lower Soccer Field Soccer Scenario Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Figure 5-15

Table 5-20

5.4.2.5 New York Creek Nature Trail

The START conducted activity-based outdoor air sampling during one biking and two jogging/walking scenarios along the New York Creek Nature Trail. The trail was officially closed to public use during the activity-based sampling, but a few members of the public did enter the trail during sampling in spite of its closure.

The plan for the trail scenarios, as described in the El Dorado Hills Naturally Occurring Asbestos Multimedia Exposure Assessment, El Dorado Hills, California, Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling of Community Park and Schools Field Sampling Plan, had called for the START to conduct three jogging/walking scenarios. Changes to the schedule for sampling at Silva Valley Elementary School impacted the schedule for scenarios that had been planned for the following day, necessitating that one of the three jogging/walking scenarios on the New York Creek Nature Trail be dropped.

Biking Scenario. During the biking scenario on the New York Creek Nature Trail, five members of the sampling team rode bicycles along the southern end of the trail from Harvard Way through the Community Park and slightly beyond its northern border at St. Andrews Drive. The START placed five high-flow stationary air sample pumps along the trail where the bicyclists rode. The START also placed two other high-flow stationary air sample pumps along the northern end of the trail where there was no activity from the bicyclists. The intakes for the high-flow stationary air sample pumps were positioned at a height of about 5 feet.

The START conducted the biking scenario on October 5, 2004, according to the following scripted schedule:

• For the entire 2-hour scenario, one member of the sampling team simulated the activities of an adult/parent walking and standing along the trail. The intake for the air collection filter cassette worn by this sampling team member was set at a height of about 5 feet.
• For the entire 2-hour scenario, five other members of the sam­pling team rode bicycles along the trail. The intakes for the air collection filter cassettes worn by these sampling team mem­bers were set at a height of about 3 feet. Four sampling team members rode in two separate pairs, and one rode alone, al­though the sets of riders passed one another periodically during the scenario. For the bicyclists who rode in pairs, the relative position (i.e., leader and follower) remained constant through­out the entire scenario. Table 5-21 (Biking Scenario Positions) shows the configuration of the bicyclists during the scenario.

The portion of the trail along which the START conducted the biking activity is shown and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during the biking scenario are shown as BIK-1TR/BIK-11TR, BIK-2TR, BIK-3TR, BIK-4TR, BIK-5TR, BIK-6TR, and BIK-7TR on Figure 5-16 (New York Creek Nature Trail Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Biking Scenario). A summary of results for the biking scenario samples is shown in Table 5-22 (New York Creek Nature Trail Biking Sce­nario Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a sum­mary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Figure 5-16

Table 5-22

Jogging/Walking Scenario A. During the first jogging/walking scenario on the New York Creek Nature Trail, five members of the sampling team jogged and walked along the entire length of the trail from Harvard Way through the Community Park and up to the end of the trail near Jackson Elementary School. The START placed five high-flow stationary air sample pumps along the length of the trail. The intakes for the high-flow stationary air sample pumps were positioned at a height of about 5 feet.

The START conducted the Jogging/Walking Scenario A on October 6, 2004, according to the following scripted schedule:

• For the entire 2-hour scenario, one member of the sampling team simulated the activities of an adult/parent walking and standing along the trail. The intake for the air collection filter cassette worn by this sampling team member was set at a height of about 5 feet.
• For the entire 2-hour scenario, five members of the sampling team simulated the activities of an adult/parent jogging and walking along the trail. The intakes for the air collection filter cassettes worn by these sampling team members were set at a height of about 5 feet. Three sampling team members jogged and walked in a group with one jogger in the lead position and two others following far behind (about 20 to 30 feet) but stay­ing fairly close to one another. Two other sampling team members jogged as a pair close to each other.
• For each jogger/walker group of two or three sampling team members, the relative positions of the joggers remained the same throughout the scenario. That is, for the trio, the far leader, second leader, and follower remained in those positions throughout the entire scenario. For the pair, the leader and the follower remained in those positions. Table 5-23 (Positions for Jogging/Walking Scenario A) shows the configuration of the jogger/walkers during the first jogging/walking scenario.

The entire length of the trail along which the START conducted the jogging/walking activity is shown and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during Jogging/Walking Scenario A are shown as JOGA-1TR, JOGA-2TR, JOGA-3TR, JOGA-4TR, and JOGA-5TR on Figure 5-17 (New York Creek Nature Trail Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Jogging/Walking Scenarios). A summary of results for Jogging/Walking Scenario A samples is shown in Table 5-24 (New York Creek Nature Trail Jogging/Walking Scenario A Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

Jogging/Walking Scenario B. The START conducted the Jogging/Walking Scenario B on October 7, 2004, according to the same scripted schedule that was used for Jogging/Walking Scenario A. Table 5-25 (Positions for Jogging/Walking Scenario B) shows the configuration of the jogger/walkers during the second jogging/walking scenario.

Figure 5-17

Table 5-24
(click image for larger version)

The entire length of the trail along which the START conducted the jogging/walking activity is shown and the positions of the stationary air sample pumps operating during Jogging/Walking Scenario B are shown as JOGB-1TR, JOGB-2TR/JOGB-12TR, JOGB-3TR, JOGB-4TR, and JOGB-5TR on Figure 5-17 (New York Creek Nature Trail Activity-Based Outdoor Air Sampling Locations–Jogging/Walking Scenarios). A summary of results for Jogging/Walking Scenario B samples is shown in Table 5-26 (New York Creek Nature Trail Jogging/Walking Scenario B Air Sample Summary Results). See Appendix B for a summary of the results from dust monitoring during this scenario.

5.4.2.6 Jackson Elementary School

The START conducted activity-based air sampling during three scenarios at the garden and outdoor classroom, the grass-covered playing field, and two paved play areas. Because the paved play areas selected for the activity were physically separate from one another, the START placed additional high-flow air sample pumps in stationary positions in each area, but only operated them within each area for the 1 hour of the scenario when activity was conducted there.

Table 5-26

Garden and Outdoor Classroom. The START collected samples to test the moisture level of the soil just prior to conducting the scenario at the Garden and Outdoor Classroom (see Table 5-7: Moisture Levels in Activity Area Soils).

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