Envisioning Particles and Interactions

A few words of explanation


A pair of left-handed leptons (neutrino and electron)

A pair of left-handed color-triplet quarks (up and down)

A pair of left-handed quarks (up and down) and leptons (neutrino and electron)

A left-handed generation (lepton number as the fourth color)


A pair of right-handed leptons (neutrino and electron)

A pair of right-handed color-triplet quarks (up and down)

A pair of right-handed quarks (up and down) and leptons (neutrino and electron)

A right-handed generation (lepton number as the fourth color)


Joining left and right: a generation of quarks and leptons

A generation of quarks and leptons, showing that QCD preserves quark flavor

Three generations of quarks and leptons

Mixing among the left-handed quarks

Mixing among the left-handed quarks and the left-handed leptons


The Higgs mechanism illustrated for the electron.

The Higgs mechanism illustrated for the down quark.

The Higgs mechanism illustrated for the up quark.

The Higgs mechanism illustrated for one generation of quarks and leptons.

Do new interactions generate fermion mass?


Might the double simplex be part of something bigger?

Are there more constituent particles awaiting discovery?


(JGV: 3D viewing in Java)