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Source: http://daac.ornl.gov/data/bluangel_harvest/LBA_ARCHIVED/CD07_GOES_L3_Gridded_SRB.xml
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simpleSaveXMLlength: 24976
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OME_version: Version 4.7.5, Revision Date: 04 Apr 2006
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DTD_version: metadata07.dtd
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Creation_datetime: 20051020 114047
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Creation_IP: 64.157.32.1
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File_revision: 20080819 145254
Team_Information
Investigation_Team
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Team_ID: CD-07 (Smith / Cooper / Dias)
Investigator
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Name: Cooper, Harry J.
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Email: cooper@huey.met.fsu.edu
Investigator
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Name: Smith, Eric A.
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Email: easmith@pop900.gsfc.nasa.gov
Investigator
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Name: Dias, Pedro Leite da Silva
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Email: pldsdias@model.iag.usp.br
Investigator
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Name: Grose, Andrew M.E.
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Email: agrose@met.fsu.edu
Investigator
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Name: Gu, Jiujing
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Email: jgu@met.fsu.edu
Investigator
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Name: Norman, John M.
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Email: jmnorman@facstaff.wisc.edu
Contact_Person
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Name: Gu, Jiujing
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Email: jgu@met.fsu.edu
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LBA_Science_Component: Carbon Dynamics
Metadata_Author
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Name: Gu, Jiujing
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Email: jgu@met.fsu.edu
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Phone: (850) 644-6716
Data_Set_Information
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Data_Set_Title: LBA-ECO CD-07 GOES-8 L3 Gridded Surface Radiation and Rain Rate for Amazonia: 1999
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Activity: LBA-ECO
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Project: LBA (Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon)
Site_Information
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Site: Para Western (Santarem) - Altamira
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Region: Para Western (Santarem)
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Westernmost_Longitude: -75
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Easternmost_Longitude: -40
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Northernmost_Latitude: 5
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Southernmost_Latitude: -15
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Time_Period
Temporal_Coverage
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Start_Date: 19990301
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End_Date: 19991031
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Temporal_Resolution: 30-Minute
Parameter_Description
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Topic: ATMOSPHERE
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Term: ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION
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Parameter: INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION
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Sensor: GOES-8 IMAGER
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Source: GOES-8 (GEOSTATIONARY OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE-8)
Parameter_Description
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Topic: BIOSPHERE
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Term: VEGETATION
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Parameter: PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION
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Sensor: GOES-8 IMAGER
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Source: GOES-8 (GEOSTATIONARY OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE-8)
Parameter_Description
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Topic: ATMOSPHERE
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Term: ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION
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Parameter: INCOMING INFRARED RADIATION
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Sensor: GOES-8 IMAGER
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Source: GOES-8 (GEOSTATIONARY OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE-8)
Parameter_Description
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Topic: ATMOSPHERE
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Term: PRECIPITATION
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Parameter: PRECIPITATION RATE
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Sensor: GOES-8 IMAGER
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Source: GOES-8 (GEOSTATIONARY OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE-8)
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Keywords: SRB: Surface Radiation Budget
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Description: High resolution downwelling solar, PAR, infrared radiation and rain rates retrieved from GOES-8 imager. The data set covers primarily Amazon watershed area. It has 8km and half hourly resolution. Data covers two periods in 1999: March 1 - April 30 and September 1 - October 31.<br><br>
Files are available in compressed binary format.
The naming convention for the tar files is as follows. <br> The first two digits of each
tar file name 99 is the year of the data. The last three digits of the name is
the day of the year. <br> After untarring each file, you should see 48 compressed binary
files, such as A990600000.sat.gz. The 99 and 060 are again the year and the day <br>
of the year. The next 2 digits is the hour, followed with a 2-digit minute. The time is in UTC.
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Data_Last_Modified: 20000314
Data_Access_Information
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Data_Set_Status: Archived
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Data_Set_Restrictions: Public
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Data_Set_Location: ORNL DAAC
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Data_Center_Contact: ORNL DAAC User Services (ornldaac@ornl.gov)
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Data_Center_URL: http://daac.ornl.gov
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Data_Set_Citation: Gu J.J., E.A. Smith, and H.J. Cooper. 2006. LBA-ECO CD-07 GOES-8 L3 Gridded Surface Radiation and Rain Rate for Amazonia: 1999. Data set. Available on-line [http://www.daac.ornl.gov] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. doi:10.3334/ORNLDAAC/831.
Data_Set_Link
Data_Set_Link
Poster_Link
Search_Text_Link
Search_Text_Link
Search_Text_Link
Other_Link
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Data_Set_Inventory_ID: CD07_GOES_L3_Gridded_SRB
LBA_DIS_Archive
Related_Web_Site
Related_Data_Set
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Data_Set_Title: LBA-ECO CD-07 GOES-8 L1 Radiance Data for Amazonia: 1998-2001
- Relationship:
Related_Publication_Information
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Publication_Title: Modeling carbon sequestration over the large-scale Amazon basin, aided by satellite observations. Part I: Wet- and dry-season surface radiation budget flux and precipitation variability based on GOES retrievals
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Publication_Authors: Gu, J.J., E.A. Smith, H.J. Cooper, A. Grose, G.S. Liu, J.D. Merritt, M.J. Waterloo, A.C. de Araujo, A.D. Nobre, A.O. Manzi, J. Marengo, P.J. de Oliveira, C. von Randow, J. Norman, and P.S. Dias.
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Publication_Abstract: In this first part of a two-part investigation, large-scale Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) analyses over the Amazonia region have been carried out for March and October of 1999 to provide detailed information on surface radiation budget (SRB) and precipitation variability. SRB fluxes and rainfall are the two foremost cloud-modulated control variables that affect land surface processes, and they require specification at space-time resolutions concomitant with the changing cloud field to represent adequately the complex coupling of energy, water, and carbon budgets. These processes ultimately determine the relative variations in carbon sequestration and carbon dioxide release within a forest ecosystem. SRB and precipitation retrieval algorithms using GOES imager measurements are used to retrieve surface downward radiation and surface rain rates at high space - time resolutions for large-scale carbon budget modeling applications in conjunction with the Large-Scale Biosphere - Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia. To validate the retrieval algorithms, instantaneous estimates of SRB fluxes and rain rates over 8 km 3 8 km areas were compared with 30-min-averaged surface measurements obtained from tower sites located near Ji-Paranaand Manaus in the states of Rondonia and Amazonas, respectively. Because of large aerosol concentrations originating from biomass burning during the dry season (i.e., September and October for purposes of this analysis), an aerosol index from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer is used in the solar radiation retrieval algorithm. The validation comparisons indicate that bias errors for incoming total solar, photosynthetically active radiation ( PAR), and infrared flux retrievals are under 4%, 6%, and 3% of the mean values, respectively. Precision errors at the analyzed space time scales are on the order of 20%, 20%, and 5%. The visible and infrared satellite measurements used for precipitation retrieval do not directly detect rainfall processes, and yet they are responsive to the rapidly changing cloud fields, which are directly associated with precipitation life cycles over the Amazon basin. In conducting the validation analysis at high space - time scales, the comparisons indicate systematic bias uncertainties on the order of 25%. These uncertainties are comparable to published values from an independent assessment of bias uncertainties inherent to the current highest-quality satellite retrievals, that is, from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission. Because precipitation is a weak direct control on photosynthesis for the Amazon ecosystem, that is, photosynthesis is dominated by the strong diurnal controls of incoming PAR and ambient air-canopy temperatures, such uncertainties are tolerable. By the same token, precipitation is a strong control on soil thermal properties and carbon respiration through soil moisture, but the latter is a time-integrating variable and thus inhibits introduction of modeling errors caused by random errors in the precipitation forcing. The investigation concludes with analysis of the monthly, daily, and diurnal variations intrinsic to SRB and rainfall processes over the Amazon basin, including explanations of how these variations arise during wet-and dry-season periods.
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Publication_Citation: Gu, J.J., E.A. Smith, H.J. Cooper, A. Grose, G.S. Liu, J.D. Merritt, M.J. Waterloo, A.C. de Araujo, A.D. Nobre, A.O. Manzi, J. Marengo, P.J. de Oliveira, C. von Randow, J. Norman, and P.S. Dias. 2004. Modeling carbon sequestration over the large-scale Amazon basin, aided by satellite observations. Part I: Wet- and dry-season surface radiation budget flux and precipitation variability based on GOES retrievals. Journal of Applied Meteorology 43(6):870-886.
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Publication_Keywords: ABSORPTION;AEROSOL;ALGORITHM;ALGORITHMS;AMAZON;AMAZON BASIN;AMAZONIA;AREA;AREAS;ATMOSPHERE;BASIN;BIAS;BIOMASS;BIOMASS BURNING;BIOSPHERE;BUDGET;BUDGETS;CARBON;CARBON BUDGET;CARBON DIOXIDE;CARBON SEQUESTRATION;CARBON-DIOXIDE;CLIMATOLOGY PROJECT;CLOUDS;COMPLEXES;COUPLING;CYCLE;CYCLES;DIOXIDE;DRY SEASON;ECOSYSTEM;ENERGY;EOS;ERROR;FIELD;FLUX;FLUXES;FOREST;GLOBAL PRECIPITATION;IMAGERY;INDEX;INDEXES;INFORMATION;LAND;LAND-SURFACE;LIFE-CYCLE;MAPPING;MARCH;MEASURING MISSION;MODELING;MOISTURE;OZONE;PAR;PHOTOSYNTHESIS;PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION;PRECIPITATION;RADIATION;RAIN;RAIN-FOREST;RAINFALL;RATES;REGION;RESOLUTION;RESPIRATION;RETRIEVAL;RONDONIA;SATELLITE;SCALE;SCIENCE;SEASON;SEQUESTRATION;SIMPLE PHYSICAL MODEL;SOIL;SOIL MOISTURE;SOIL THERMAL PROPERTIES;SOIL-MOISTURE;SOLAR RADIATION;SOLAR-RADIATION
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ISBN_Number: ISI:000222458700004
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Internal_Pub_ID: 592
Data_Set_Documentation
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Data_Set_Overview: Surface radiation fluxes and rainfall are the two foremost cloud modulated control variables that affect land surface processes. High space/time specification of these fields are required to adequately represent the complex coupling of energy, water, and carbon budget processes that ultimately determine the variations in carbon sequestration and release within a forest ecosystem. A high resolution gridded dataset of various surface down-welling radiation parameters and precipitation rates covering a large portion of the LBA-Ecology study area has been produced for the wet and dry seasons of 1999. The dataset, retrieved from GOES-8 imager data, has 8km/half-hourly space/time resolution.
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Data_Characteristics: Thirty-minute averages of surface radiation and precipitation parameters have been interpolated onto equal area grid at 8 km resolution. The parameters include:
- Down-welling solar radiation at surface
- Down-welling PAR at surface
- Down-welling Infrared radiation at surface
- Precipitation rate at surface
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Data_Application_and_Derivation: The GOES mission is to provide the nearly continuous, repetitive observations
that are needed to predict, detect, and track severe weather. GOES spacecraft
are equipped to observe and measure cloud cover, surface conditions, snow and
ice cover, surface temperatures, and the vertical distributions of atmospheric
temperature and humidity. They are also instrumented to measure solar X-rays
and other energetics, collect and relay environmental data from platforms, and
broadcast instrument data and environmental information products to ground
stations. The GOES system includes the satellite (with the GOES instrumentation
and direct downlink data transmission capability); the National Environmental
Satellite, Data and Information Service (NESDIS) facility at Wallops Island, VA;
and the ground systems at NESDIS.
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Quality_Assessment: <b>Quality Assessment</b>
<b>Data Validation by Source</b>
The retrieved radiation and precipitation were validated using data collected at EUSTACH and TRMM-LBA sites near Rondonia and Belem. See Gu et al.(2002) for details.
<b>Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment</b>
In comparison to the in situ measurements collected at the EUSTACH sites during
the wet and dry season 1999 on the half hourly and 8 km scales, the bias errors for solar, PAR and infrared radiation are under 4, 6, and 3% of the mean values. Precision errors are on the order of 20, 20, and 5%. The bias of rain rate is on the order of 25%. (see Gu et al. 2002 for details)
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Data_Acquisition_Materials_and_Methods: The data were acquired using the FSU Direct Readout Ground System located in
Tallahassee, FL, starting on 01-Mat-1998 and continuing through 28-Feb-2001. The GOES-8 satellite orbits Earth in a geostationary orbit at an altitude of 36,000 km.
The SRB and precipitation data were created from raw GOES-8 imager data.
<b> Equipment </b> <br>
GOES-8, launched on April 13 of 1994, is the first of NOAA's next generation of geostationary satellites. It is stationed at 36,000km above the equator at 75W longitude. The new series of GOES introduces improved capabilities to observe weather-related phenomena.
<b> Sensor/Instrument Description </b> <br>
The GOES-8 imager is an imaging radiometer designed to sense radiant and solar reflected energy from sampled areas of the earth. It has a five-band multi-spectral capability with high space/time resolution and 10-bit precision. The five spectral bands are (1) 0.52-0.72 ?m (visible), (2) 3.78-4.03 ?m (shortwave infrared window), (3) 6.47-7.02 ?m (upper-level water vapor), (4) 10.2-11.2 ?m, and (5) 11.5-12.5 ?m (thermal infrared windows). The special resolutions of the imager data are 1, 4, 8, 4, and 4 km, respectively.
The Imager consists of electronics, power supply, and sensor modules. The
sensor module containing the telescope, scan assembly, and detectors is mounted
on a base plate external to the spacecraft, together with the shields and
louvers for thermal control. The electronics module provides redundant
circuitry and performs command, control, and signal processing functions; it
also serves as a structure for mounting and interconnecting the electronic
boards for proper heat dissipation. The power supply module contains the
converters, fuses, and power control for interfacing with the spacecraft
electrical power subsystem. The electronics and power supply modules are
mounted on the spacecraft internal equipment panel.
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Imager Instrument Characteristics Spectral Bands (micrometers)
VIS IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5
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Wavelength (micrometers) 0.55 3.80 6.50 10.20 11.50
to to to to to
0.75 4.00 7.00 11.20 12.50
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Clouds X X X X X
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Water Vapor X X X
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Surface Temp 0 X 0
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Winds X X X
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Albedo & IR Flux X 0 X 0
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Fires & Smoke X X 0 0
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X: Primary Spectral Channel
0: Secondary (supplementary) Spectral Channel
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Field of View Defining Element: Detector
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Optical Field of View: Square
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5-channel Imaging: Simultaneously
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Scan Capability: Full Earth/Sector/Area
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Channel/Detector Instantaneous Field of View (IFOV)
Visible/Silicon : 1 km
Short-wave/InSb : 4 km
Moisture/HgCdTe : 8 km
Long-wave 1/HgCdTe : 4 km
Long-wave 2/HgCdTe : 4 km
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Radiometric Calibration: Space and 290 Kelvin IR internal blackbody
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Signal Quantizing (NE'delta'T) : 10 bits all channels
S/N : Minimum 3X better than specifications
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Frequency of Calibration Space : 2.2 sec for full disk;
: 9.2 or 36.6 sec for sector/area
Infrared : 30 minutes typical
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System Absolute Accuracy : IR channel less than 0.1 K
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Transmit Frequency : 1676.00 MHz
<b>Collection Environment </b> <br>
The data were acquired using the FSU Direct Readout Ground System located in
Tallahassee, FL, starting on 01-Mat-1998 and continuing through 28-Feb-2001. The GOES-8 satellite orbites Earth in a geostationary orbit at an altitude of 36,000 km.
<b>Source/Platform</b> <br>
GOES-8
<b>Source/Platform Mission Objectives</b> <br>
The mission of the GOES satellite series is to provide the nearly continuous
observations that are needed to predict, detect, and track severe weather. GOES
spacecraft are equipped to observe and measure cloud cover, surface conditions,
snow and ice cover, surface temperatures, and the vertical distributions of
atmospheric temperature and humidity. They are also instrumented to measure
solar X-rays and other energetics, collect and relay environmental data from
platforms, and broadcast instrument data and environmental information products
to ground stations.
For LBA GOES-8 imagery, along with the other remotely sensed images, was collected in order to provide spatially extensive information over the primary study areas at varying spatial scales. The primary objective for the GOES-8 images was to collect visible, IR, and water-vapor channel data covering the LBA region at a sufficiently high temporal frequency for subsequent use in analyzing weather events and deriving temporal surface radiation parameters and patterns.
- Data_Access:
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References: <b>References</b>
<b>Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation</b>
Menzel, W. P., and J. F. W. Purdom, 1994: Introducing GOES-I: The first of a new generation of geostationary operational environmental satellite. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 757-781.
Kelly, K.A. 1989: GOES I-M image navigation and registration and user Earth
location. GOES I-M Operational Satellite Conf., Arlington, VA, US. Department of
Commerce, NOAA, 154-167.
Rossow, W.B., C.L. Brest, and M. Roiter, 1996: International Satellite Cloud
Climatology Project (ISCCP) New Radiance Calibrations. WMO/TD-No. 736. World
Meteorological Organization.
Rossow, W.B., C.L. Brest, and M.D. Roiter, 1995: International Satellite Cloud
Climatology Project (ISCCP): Update of radiance calibration report. Technical
Document, World Climate Research Programme (ICSU and WMO), Geneva, Switzerland,
76 pp.
Weinreb, M., M. Jamieson, N. Fulton, Y. Chen, J.X. Johnson, C. Smith, J. Bremer, and J. Baucom, 1997: Operational Calibration of the Imagers and Sounders on the GOES-8 and -9 Satellites. NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS 44.
<b>Journal Articles and Study Reports</b>
Gu, J. and E.A. Smith. 1997. High-resolution estimates of total solar and PAR
surface fluxes over large-scale BOREAS study area from GOES measurements.
Journal of Geophysical Research 102(D24):29,685-29,705.
Gu, J., E.A. Smith, G. Hodges, and H.J. Cooper, 1997: Retrieval of Daytime
Surface Net Longwave Flux over BOREAS from GOES Estimates of Surface Solar Flux
and Surface Temperature. Submitted to Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing.
Gu, J., E.A. Smith, H.J. Cooper, A. Grose, G. Liu, J.D. Merritt, M.J. Waterloo, A.C. Araujo, A,D. Nobre, A. O. Manzi, J. Marengo, P. J. Oliveira, C. Randow, J. Norman, P. S. Dias, 2002: Modeling carbon sequestration over large scale Amazon basin aided by satellite observations. Part 1: Wet and dry season SRB flux & Precipitation variability based on GOES retrievals. J. Appl. Meteoro.