Following is a list of some of the literature regarding seabird conservation.  The focus of this collection of papers is limited to two categories:  1) Population and ecology of locally breeding seabirds (North Central California: Point Arena to Point Año Nuevo) and 2) Seabird disturbance concerns and conservation efforts (worldwide).  Government affiliated documents are directly linked.  This list, though comprehensive, is not exhaustive.  The literature is arranged alphabetically by author within each subject area. 

Ainley, D.G., and T. James Lewis. 1974.  The history of Farallon Island marine bird populations, 1864-1972. The Condor 76: 432-446.

Carter, H.R., V.A. Lee, G.W. Page, M.W. Parker, R.G. Ford, G. Swartzman, S.W. Kress, B.R. Siskin, S.W. Singer, and D.M. Fry. 2003. The 1986 Apex Houston oil spill in central California: seabird injury assessments and litigation process. Marine Ornithology 31:9-19. 

Carter, H.R., D.S. Gilmer, J.E. Takekawa, R.W. Lowe and U.W. Wilson. 2001. Breeding Seabirds in California, Oregon, and Washington.

Carter, H.R., P.J. Capitolo, W.R. McIver & G.J. McChesney.  1998. Seabird population data and human disturbance of seabird colonies in South-Central California, 1979-1995. Unpublished report, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon, California; and Humboldt State University, Department of Wildlife, Arcata, California.

Carter, H.R, Arthur L. Sowls, Michael S. Rodway, Ulrich W. Wilson, Roy W. Lowe, Gerard J. McChesney, Franklin Gress, Daniel W. Anderson. 1995. Population Size, Trends, and Conservation Problems of the Double-Crested Cormorant on the Pacific Coast of North America. Colonial Waterbirds 18: 189-215.

Ford, R.G., D.G. Ainley, J.L. Casey, C.A. Keiper, L.B. Spear, L.T. Ballance. 2004. The biogeographic patterns of seabirds in the central portion of the California Current. Marine Ornithology 32: 77-96.

Manuwal, D. A., H. R. Carter, T. S. Zimmerman, and D. L. Orthmeyer, Editors. 2001. Biology and conservation of the common murre in California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Volume 1: Natural history and population trends. U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Information and Technology Report USGS/BRD/ITR-2000-0012, Washington, D.C. 132 pp.

Stenzel, L.E., H.R. Carter, R.P. Henderson, S.D. Emslie, M.J. Rauzon, G.W. Page, P.Y. O’Brien. 1995. 1995. Breeding success of Double-Crested Cormorants in the San Francisco bay area, California. Colonial Waterbirds 18: 216-224.

Takekawa, J.E., H.R. Carter, and T.E. Harvey. 1990. Decline of the common murre in central California, 1980-1986. Studies in Avian Biology. 14: 149-163.

Anderson, J.G.T. and C.M. Devlin. 1999. Restoration of a multi-species seabird colony. Biological Conservation 90: 175-181.

Anderson, D.W. 1988. Dose-Response Relationship between Human Disturbance and Brown Pelican Breeding Success. Wildlife Society Bulletin 16: 339-345.

Anderson, D.W. and J.O. Keith. 1980. The human influence on seabird nesting success: conservation implications. Biological Conservation 18: 65-80.

Beale, C.M. 2007. Managing visitor access to seabird colonies: a spatial simulation and empirical observations. Ibis 149: 102-111. 

 Beale, C.M. and P. Monaghan. 2005. Modeling the Effects of Limiting the Number of Visitors on Failure Rates of Seabird Nests. Conservation Biology 19: 2015-2019.

Black, B.B., M.W. Collopy, H.F. Percival, A.A. Tiller and P.G. Bohall. 1984. Effects of low level military training flights on wading bird colonies in Florida. Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School for Research and Conservation, University of Florida. Technical Report No. 7. 

Blackmer, A.L., J.T. Ackerman and G.A. Nevitt. 2004. Effects of investigator disturbance on hatching success and nest-site fidelity in a long-lived seabird, Leach's storm-petrel. Biological Conservation 116: 141-148.

Blumstein, D.T., E. Fernandez-Juricic, P.A. Zolliner and S.C. Garity. 2005. Inter-specific variation in avian responses to human disturbance. Journal of Applied Ecology 42: 943-953.

Brown, A.L. 1990. Measuring the effect of aircraft noise on sea birds. Environment International 16: 587-592.

Bunnell, F.L., D. Dunbar, L. Koza and G. Ryder. 1981. Effects of disturbance on the productivity and numbers of White Pelicans in British Columbia-observations and models. Colonial Waterbirds 4: 2-11.

Burger, J. 1981. Behavioral Responses of Herring Gulls Larus argentatus to Aircraft Noise. Environmental Pollution 24: 177-184.

Burger, J and J. Gallie. 1987. Factors Affecting the Distribution of Gulls (Larus spp.) on Two New Jersey Coastal Bays. Environmental Conservation 14: 59-65.

Burger, J. 1981. Effects of human disturbance on colonial species, particularly gulls. Colonial Waterbirds 4: 28-36.

Burger, J. and M. Gochfield. 1983. Behavioural Responses to Human Intruders of Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) and Great Black-backed Gulls (L. marinus) with Varying Exposure to Human Disturbance. Behavioural Responses 8: 326-344.

Carney, K.M. & W.J. Sydeman. 1999. A review of human disturbance effects on nesting colonial waterbirds. Waterbirds 22: 68-79.

Dunnet, G.M. 1977. Observations on the effects of low-flying aircraft at seabird colonies on the coast of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Biological Conservation 12: 55-63.

Erwin, R.M. 1989. Responses to Human Intruders by Birds Nesting in Colonies: Experimental Results and Management Guidelines. Colonial Waterbirds 12: 104-108.

Erwin, R.M. 1980. Breeding habitat use by colonially nesting waterbirds in two mid-Atlantic US regions under different regimes of human disturbance. Biological Conservation 18: 39-51.

Gill, J.A. 2007. Approaches to measuring the effects of human disturbance on birds. Ibis 149: 9-14.

Hand, J.L. 1980. Human disturbance in Western Gull Larus occidentalis livens colonies and possible amplification by intraspecific predation. Biological Conservation 18: 59-63.

Haynes, A.M. 1987. Human exploitation of seabirds in Jamaica. Biological Conservation 41: 99-124.

Holmes, N.D., M.G., H. Achurch, S. Robinson, L.K. Kriwoken. 2006. Behaviour and breeding success of gentoo penguins Pygoscelis papua in areas of low and high human activity. Polar Biology 29: 399.

Klein, M.L., S.R. Humphrey, and H.F. Percival. 1995. Effects of Ecotourism on Distribution of Waterbirds in a Wildlife Refuge. Conservation Biology 9: 1454-1465.

McChesney, G. J., L. E. Eigner, T. B. Poitras, P. J. Kappes, D. Le Fer, L. T. Nason, P. J. Capitolo, H. Beeler, C. E. Fitzpatrick, R. T. Golightly, K. S. Bixler, H. R. Carter, S. W. Kress, and M. W. Parker. 2006. Restoration of Common Murre colonies in central California: annual report 2005. Unpublished report, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Newark, California (prepared for the Apex Houston and Command Trustee Councils).

McChesney, G. J., N. M. Jones, T. B. Poitras, K. J. Vickers, L. E. Eigner, H. R. Carter, R. T. Golightly, S. W. Kress, M. W. Parker, K. Studnicki, P. J. Capitolo, and J. N. Hall. 2005. Restoration of Common Murre colonies in central California: annual report 2004. Unpublished report, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Newark, California (prepared for the Apex Houston Trustee Council).

Mills, Kyra L, W.J. Sydeman, and P.J. Hodum (Eds.). 2005. The California Current Marine Bird Conservation Plan, v. 1, PRBO Conservation Science, Stinson Beach, CA.

Muñoz del Viejo, A., X. Vega, M.A. González, and J.M. Sánchez. 2004. Disturbance sources, human predation and reproductive success of seabirds in tropical coastal ecosystems of Sinaloa State, Mexico. Bird Conservation International14: 191-202.

Murphy, M.A., N.M. Jones, and M.W. Parker. 2005. Common Murre Egg Recovery. Waterbirds 28: 402-403.

Parrish, J.K., P. Ayers, K. Litle, and J. Dolliver. 2005. Overflight Monitoring in the West Coast National Marine Sanctuaries. Unpublished report, University ofWashington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Seattle, Washington.

Pierce, DJ; Simons, TR. 1986. The influence of human disturbance on tufted puffin breeding success. Auk 103: 214-216.

Robert, H.C., C.J. Ralph. 1975. Effects of Human Disturbance on the Breeding Success of Gulls. The Condor 77: 495-499.

Rojek, N.A., M. W. Parker, H.R. Carter, and G. J. McChesney In prep. Aircraft and vessel disturbance of Common Murres in central California, 1997-1999.

Ronconi, R.A. and C.C. St. Clair. 2002. Management options to reduce boat disturbance on foraging black guillemots (Cepphus grylle) in the Bay of Fundy. Biological Conservation 108: 265-271.

Saenz, B.L., J.A. Thayer, W.J. Sydeman, D.A. Hatch. 2006. An urban success story: breeding seabirds on Alcatraz Island, California, 1990-2002. Marine Ornithology 34: 43-49.

Taylor, Graeme A. Action plan for seabird conservation in New Zealand. Part A, Threatened seabirds / by Graeme A. Taylor. Wellington, N.Z. : Dept. of Conservation, Biodiversity Recovery Unit, 2000.

Thayer, J.A., W.J. Sydeman, N.P. Fairman & S.G. Allen. 1999. Attendance and effects of disturbance on coastal common murre colonies on Point Reyes, California. Waterbirds 22: 130-139.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2005. Regional Seabird Conservation Plan, Pacific Region. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Birds and Habitat Programs, Pacific Region, Portland, Oregon.

Yasué, M., P. Dearden. 2006. The potential impact of tourism development on habitat availability and productivity of Malaysian plovers Charadrius peronii. Journal of Applied Ecology 43: 978-989.

Yorio, P., E. Frere, P. Gandini, and A. Schiavini. 2001. Tourism and recreation at seabird breeding sites in Patagonia, Argentina: current concerns and future prospects. Bird Conservation International 11: 231-245.