Macallan DC, Paton NI, Jebb SA, Noble C, Baldwin C, Pazianis M, Griffin GE; International Conference on AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS. 1996 Jul 7-12; 11: 331 (abstract no. Tu.B.2379).
University of California, Berkeley, CA. Fax: 510-642-0535. E-mail: dmacall@nature.berkeley.edu.
Objective: To test the hypotheses: (a) that during HIV-related wasting, lean tissue depletion constitutes an inappropriately large component of the weight that is lost, and (b) that during weight recovery phases, accrual of lean tissue is impaired. Methods: Body weight and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured longitudinally in a cohort of 21 men with AIDS. Changes in weight and FFM were compared during 60 intervals over a total period of 308 subject-months. Body composition was measured by: (i) 4-site skinfold thickness (SF), (ii) dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), (iii) total body water by deuterium dilution (TBW), and (iv) bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Results: 39 weight loss episodes (mean 4.6 plus or minus 3.2 kg) and 14 weight gain episodes (mean 3.9 plus or minus 2.6 kg) were observed. During weight loss, fat-free mass comprised 59% of weight change by SF, 57% by DEXA, 39% by TBW and 43% by BIA. These values were close to those predicted from historical data for weight loss due solely to restricted energy intake (about 50% FFM). The composition of weight gain was similar to that of weight loss in all cases. Change in weight and change in FFM were closely correlated, r=0.88 (SF) and r=0.86 (DEXA). Although there were large inter-method differences in the measurement of absolute FFM, for changes in FFM, good agreement was found between SF and DEXA (r=0.88, bias = 0.3 kg, error = 1.7 kg). Conclusions: Contrary to previous published cross-sectional analyses, these findings from longitudinal measurements do not support the hypothesis that HIV infection causes excessive lean tissue catabolism. The composition of weight loss observed was more consistent with undernutrition as the dominant pathology. Weight gain, which in this study occurred most commonly in the context of recovery from opportunistic infection, was associated with significant increases in fat-free mass.
Publication Types:
Keywords:
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Body Composition
- Body Weight
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Electric Impedance
- HIV Infections
- Humans
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Nutritional Status
- Skinfold Thickness
- Weight Gain
- Weight Loss
Other ID:
UI: 102218480
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