LOCATION QUINLAN            OK+KS TX

QUINLAN SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic, shallow Typic Haplustepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Quinlan loam, northeast-facing, convex, 9 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of about 1,930 feet. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 8 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)

Bw--8 to 13 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) loam, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; weak medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; less than 2 percent of 2 to 10 mm in diameter pararock fragments consisting of very weakly cemented sandstone; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (2 to 12 inches thick)

Cd--13 to 64 inches; red (2.5YR 5/6) noncemented, calcareous sandstone bedrock, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Woodward County, Oklahoma; About 1.5 miles west of Quinlan; 2,300 feet east and 2,100 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 24, T. 23 N., R. 18 W. in rangeland; Latitude: 36 degrees, 27 minutes, 29 seconds N; Longitude: 99 degrees, 04 minutes, 38 seconds W; Quinlan, Oklahoma USGS quad; NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: An ustic moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 90 but less than 180 days, cumulative, in normal years. November through February are the driest months. These soils are intermittently moist in March through October.
Mean annual soil temperature: 58 to 60 degrees F.
Solum thickness: 10 to 20 inches over noncemented sandstone bedrock.
Particle-size control section: 10 to 30 percent silicate clay.

A horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6
Epipedons with moist value and chroma less than 3.5 are less than 7 inches thick or have less than 0.6 percent organic carbon.
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam
Visible calcium carbonate: 0 to 5 percent in the form of threads, masses, and nodules
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Effervescence: noneffervescent to violent
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline

Bw horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content: dominantly 15, but ranges 10 to 30 percent
Pararock fragments: few or common very weakly cemented sandstone fragments (2 to 10 mm in diameter)
Visible calcium carbonate: 0 to 15 percent in the form of threads, masses, and nodules
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 15 percent
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline

Cd horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 6 to 8
Texture: Noncemented Permian age sandstone that breaks down to very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam . Some pedons contain thin seams of gypsum or sandstone that are cemented. Fractures that roots can enter in some part of this layer are greater than 10 cm apart. The bulk density is high enough to be root restrictive. Most of this material slakes in water within 1 hour.

Visible calcium carbonate: 0 to 15 percent in the form of threads, masses, and nodules
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 8 percent
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in the same family. Similar series are the Cordell, Darnell, Ironmound, Keese, Lucien, and Spikebox series.
Cordell: has a lithic contact within 20 inches of the soil surface.
Darnell: is neutral to acid, has a paralithic contact with weakly to strongly cemented sandstone, and has siliceous mineralogy.
Keese: has a paralithic contact with weathered granite.
Lucien: has a mollic epipedon.
Ironmound: has a paralithic contact and is moist in the control section for longer periods.
Spikebox series: has paralithic sandstone bedrock that is extremely weakly to moderately cemented and occurs mainly in the San Angelo formation of Permian age or equivalent units.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy residuum weathered from noncemented, calcareous sandstone of Permian age.
Landform: on nearly level to steep ridges and and escarpments in the Central Rolling Red Plains.
Slopes: 1 to 50 percent.
Mean annual air temperature: 57 to 64 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 28 inches.
Frost-free period: 185 to 221 days.
Elevation: 1,300 to 2,300 feet.
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index Values: 32 to 44.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aspermont, Carey, Cordell, Dill, Obaro, and Woodward series.
Carey have an argillic horizon and are on adjacent broad summits.
Cordell soils are on similar positions and have a lithic contact with siltstone.
Dill soils are on similar landscape positions, have a solum more than 20 inches thick, and are noncalcareous in the control section.
Aspermont, Obaro, and Woodward soils are typically on narrow ridges and shoulder positions of side slopes and have a solum more than 20 inches thick.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Moderate permeability. Surface runoff is very low on 1 to 3 percent slopes, low on 3 to 5 percent slopes, medium on 5 to 20 percent slopes, and high on greater than 20 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Largely in native range and used for grazing cattle and wildlife. Sizeable acreages on lesser slopes are used for growing small grains and sorghums, usually when mapped in a complex with Dill and Woodward soils. Native vegetation is mainly little bluestem and gramas. This soil has been correlated to the Shallow Prairie (078XY083OK) range site in MLRA-78.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Rolling Red Plains of Oklahoma and Texas (MLRAs-78B,78C). The series is extensive.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Woodward County, Oklahoma; 1932.

REMARKS: Series revised MLRA-77 Soil Survey; Carson County, Texas; 1998. This series last revised 1/95.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 8 inches. (A horizon)
Cambic horizon: 8 to 13 inches. (B horizon)
Densic contact at 13 inches, the top of the Cd layer.
Densic material 13 to 64 inches, the Cd layer.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Oklahoma State University - Lab sample 75-OK-75-3-(1-3); NSSL Lab sample 87P-2277-2282

Soil interpretations record: Series OK0054, Eroded OK0422, Sandy OK0423

Taxonomic version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Ninth Edition, 2003.