International Energy Outlook 2003
Natural Gas - Reference Notes
1. BP p.l.c., BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2002 (London, UK, June 2002), pp. 25 and 28, web site www.bp.com.
2. BP p.l.c., BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2002 (London, UK, June 2002), p. 20, web site www. bp.com.
3. Statoil,“New Norwegian Discoveries,” Press Release (November 4, 2002), web site www.statoil. com.
4. M. Radler. “Worldwide Reserves Increase As Production Holds Steady,” Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 100, No. 52 (December 23, 2002), pp. 112-113.
5. “Egypt—Oil and Gas,” World Markets Energy OnLine (September 25, 2002), web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com.
6. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2003, DOE/EIA-0383(2003) (Washington, DC, January 2003), p. 77.
7. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Reserves, 2001 Annual Report (Washington, DC, November 2002), Table 1, p. 4.
8. >“IPAA: Lack of Good Prospects Undermines Drilling Activity, Heightens US Gas Supply Concerns,” Oil & Gas Journal (November 4, 2002), p. 24.
9. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Reserves 2001 Annual Report, DOE/EIA-0216(2001) (Washington, DC, November 2002), pp. 38 and 39.
10. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Natural Gas Markets: Mid-Term Prospects for Natural Gas Supply, SR/OIAF/2001-06 (Washington, DC, December 2001), pp. 17-26.
11. U.S. Departments of the Interior, Agriculture, and Energy, Scientific Inventory of Onshore Federal Lands’ Oil and Gas Resources and Reserves and the Extent and Nature of Restrictions or Impediments to their Development (Washington, DC, January 2003).
12. U.S. Departments of the Interior, Agriculture, and Energy, Scientific Inventory of Onshore Federal Lands’ Oil and Gas Resources and Reserves and the Extent and Nature of Restrictions or Impediments to their Development (Washington, DC, January 2003), Executive Summary, p. xv. Note that 87.6 trillion cubic feet of gas resources are estimated to exist on non-Federal Rocky Mountain lands. Consequently, the total gas resource inventory for the Rocky Mountain region is 226.1 trillion cubic feet.
13. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Preliminary Determination of Non-Environmental Issues, Docket Nos. CP02-374, CP02-376, CP02-377, and CP02-378, Section 110, Paragraph 61,294 (Washington, DC, December 18, 2002).
14. “Enron Files Voluntary Petitions for Chapter 11 Reorganization; Sues Dynegy for Breach of Contract, Seeking Damages of at Least $10 Billion,” Enron Corporation Press Release, web site www. enron.com/corp/pressrooom (December 2, 2001); “Enron Releases Details of UBS Warburg Agreement,” Enron Corporation Press Release, web site www.enron.com/corp/pressrooom (January 15, 2002); “Dynegy Announces Year-End 2002 Results,” Dynegy, Inc., News Release, web site www.dynegy.com/News&Financials/shtml (January 31, 2002); and “ El Paso Corporation Announces 40 Percent of 2003 Planned Asset Sales Have Been Closed or are Under Contract,” El Paso Corporation News Room, web site www. elpasocorp.com/press/ (March 3, 2003).
15. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2003, DOE/EIA-0383(2003) (Washington, DC, January 2003), p. 41.
16. “Shell Drops Venture To Build Northern California LNG Terminal,” NGI’s Daily Gas Price Report, Vol. 10, No. 132 (January 12, 2003), pp. 5-6.
17. S. Fletcher, “IPAA: Lack of good prospects undermines drilling activity, heightens US gas supply concerns,”Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 100, No. 45 (November 4, 2002), p. 24.
18. “Price Uncertainty Keeps Upstream Capex Tight,” Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, Vol. 41, No. 45 (November 11, 2002), p. 5.
19. D. MacDowell, BP p.l.c., “Alaska Producer Pipeline Update,” presentation on analysis cosponsored by BP p.l.c., ExxonMobil, and Phillips 66 (May 2002).
20. “BP Works on Cutting Costs for Gasline, Ready To Re-engage State, Feds,” Petroleum News Alaska, Vol. 8, No. 4 (January 26, 2003), p. A4; and “Coming to the Table,” Petroleum News Alaska, Vol. 8, No. 6 (February 9, 2003), p. 1.
21. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Annual 2000, DOE/EIA-0219(2000) (Washington, DC, May 2002), Table 4.2, p. 71.
22. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2003, DOE/EIA-0383(2003) (Washington, DC, January 2003), Table A13, p. 138.
23. National Energy Board of Canada, Canadian Energy Supply and Demand to 2025 (Calgary, Alberta, June 1999), Table 5.1, p. 43.
24. “Canada Replaced 106% of Gas Output in 2001,” Gas Daily, Vol. 19, No. 220 (November 14, 2002), p. 4; and “Canada, Rising Development Costs Threaten Profits,” Petroleum Economist, Vol. 69, No. 10 (October 2002), p. 39.
25. National Energy Board of Canada, Short-term Natural Gas Deliverability from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin 2002-2004 (Calgary, Alberta, December 2002), p. 13.
26. “OGJ Newsletter: U.S. Imports of Canadian Gas Falling,” Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 100, No. 45 (November 4, 2002), p. 5.
27. National Energy Board of Canada, Canadian Energy Supply and Demand to 2025 (Calgary, Alberta, June 1999), Table 5.1, p. 43; and M.E. Heckathorn, “Canadian Focus on Gas Drilling Drives 106% Replacement,” Natural Gas Week, Vol. 18 No. 46 (November 15, 2002), p. 8.
28. National Energy Board of Canada, Probabilistic Estimate of Hydrocarbon Volumes in the MacKenzie Delta and Beaufort Sea Discoveries (Calgary, Alberta, 1998), p. 1.
29. National Energy Board of Canada, Canadian Energy Supply and Demand to 2025 (Calgary, Alberta, June 1999), Table 5.1, p. 43.
30. “North America: Canada, Arctic Pipeline Politics,” Petroleum Economist, Vol. 70, No. 1 (January 2003), p. 18.
31. C. Krauss, “A Prospect Delayed in Canada’s Arctic,” The New York Times (November 16, 2002), p. C1.
32. S. Speaker, “Canadian F&D Costs Seen Rising; Revisions Hit Gas Replacement,” Natural Gas Week, Vol. 18, No. 40 (October 7, 2002), p. 16.
33. “Canada Rolls Dice, Ratifies Kyoto Treaty,” Petroleum News Alaska, Vol. 7, No. 51 (December 22, 2002), p. 4.
34. “Canadian Coal Industry Fighting for Rights to Methane Gas,” Platts International Coal Report, No. 586 (November 4, 2002), p. 8.
35. D. Morehouse, Natural Gas Hydrates Update 1998-2000 (Washington, DC: Energy Information Administration, April 2001), web site www.eia.doe. gov/ pub/ oil_gas/ natural_gas/ analysis_ publications/hydrates/pdf/update.pdf.
36. Energy Information Administration, Office of Oil and Gas, Natural Gas Division, internal database (April 2003).
37. “News and Analysis: Articles by Month: Pemex to Offer Eight Burgos Basin Blocks,” Rigzone.com News Release, web site www.rigzone.com (February 21, 2003).
38. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2003, DOE/EIA-0383(2003) (Washington, DC, January 2003), p. 76.
39. “Supply Security: European Natural Gas Supplies,” Power Economics, Vol. 6, No. 9 (October 2002), p. 24.
40. “Growing Gas-Import Market,” Petroleum Economist, Vol. 69, No. 11 (November 2002), p. 23.
41. “Petrochemistry Special Section: Liquefied Gas, 380 Million Euro Contract,” Process WorldWide Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, No. 04, p. 032.
42. “Russian Gas Export to Europe Up 5.4% in Seven Months,” Interfax News Agency Petroleum Report (September 25, 2002).
43. RosBusiness Consulting Agency, “Production and Transportation Projects,” The Russian Oil and Gas Report (December 4, 2002).
44. “Anatoly Kinakh and Mikhail Kasyanov Share Ukranian Pipeline,” Current Digest of the Post-Soviet Press, Vol. 54, No. 41 (October 8, 2002).
45. “Green Light for Pipeline Linking Spain to Algeria,” Lloyd’s List (September 26, 2002).
46. “Supply Security: European Natural Gas Supplies,” Power Economics, Vol. 6, No. 9 (October 2002), p. 24.
47. “IEA Predicts Major Role for Iranian Gas Supplies to Europe,” World Markets Analysis OnLine, web site www.worldmarketsanalysis.com (October 4, 2002).
48. “International Agency Forecasts Iran Will Become Major EU Gas Supplier,” BBC Worldwide Monitoring – Middle East – Political, IRNA News Agency (October 3, 2002).
49. “Turkish Energy Minister: All Preparations Made to Export Natural Gas to Europe,” Anatolia News Agency Release Through BBC Worldwide Monitoring: Europe (October 31, 2002).
50. “OMV and MOL in Turkey-Austria Gas Pipeline Study,” Chemical News and Intelligence (December 3, 2002).
51. “Supply Security: European Natural Gas Supplies,” Power Economics, Vol. 6, No. 9 (October 2002), p. 24.
52. BP, p.l.c., Statistical Review of World Energy (London, UK, June 2002), p. 28.
53. Cambridge Energy Research Associates, “Japan’s Nuclear Shutdowns Impact Far East Oil and Gas Market Fundamentals,” CERA Alert (December 13, 2002), p. 1; and “Japan: All Tepco Units Now Offline for Inspection,” NucNet News, e-mail edition (April 15, 2003).
54. M. Hutchinson, “Up From the Ashes: Growth Returns, But Caution Abounds,” CERA Asia Gas & Power Watch (Winter 2003), p. 8.
55. Global Insight, Inc. (formerly DRI-WEFA), World Energy Service: Asia/Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 2002), pp. 22-23.
56. “Australia — Oil and Gas,” World Markets Analysis OnLine, web site www.worldmarketsanalysis.com (October 16, 2002).
57. “New Zealand: Gas Running Out,” World Markets Analysis OnLine. web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com (February 25, 2002).
58. BP p.l.c., Statistical Review of World Energy (London, UK, June 2002), p. 28.
59. Cedigaz, “Natural Gas Statistics for 2001: Cedigaz’ First Estimates,” The Year in Review (March 28, 2002), p. 5.
60. “Pakistan Hopes To Sign US$3.2 Billion Pipeline Project Soon With Afghanistan, Turkmenistan,” Associated Press News Release, Islamabad (December 10, 2002).
61. “Northeast China To Import Natural Gas from Russia,” Asia Pulse News Release: Northern Territory Regional, Haibin (November 28, 2002).
62. “Irkutsk Natural Gas Development Project Making Rapid Progress,” The Korea Herald (November 27, 2002).
63. M2 Communications, Ltd., “Norway’s Gas Supply Deal with Poland may be Postponed,” Nordic Business Report (September 27, 2002), web site www. m2.com.
64. “Russian Official to Arrive for Talks on Gas Deliveries Today,” Polish News Bulletin (December 19, 2002).
65. “PGNiG to Increase Natural Gas and Crude Oil Output,” Polish News Bulletin (December 11, 2002).
66. “Focus: Russia: Gazprom Wins the Race to Turkey,” Petroleum Economist, Vol. 69, No. 2 (December 2002), p. 39.
67. “Company News: Europe: Gazprom Completes Yamal-Europe Pipeline,” Alexander’s Oil and Gas Connections, Vol. 8, No. 2 (January 24, 2003) web site www.gasandoil.com.
68. “Russia To Supply Ukraine with Gas as Part-Payment for Use of Pipelines,” ITAR-TASS News Agency Release (December 10, 2002).
69. “Gas Consortium Deal To Be Put Before Ukraine Parliament,” Interfax News Agency Release (October 2, 2002).
70. “World Business Briefing Europe: Gas Project Detailed,” The New York Times (December 4, 2002), p. W1.
71. RosBusiness Consulting Agency, “Russia Will Become the Main Exporter of Gas to the UK,” The Russian Oil and Gas Report (December 6, 2002).
72. “European Business Ready to Invest in Russian Gas Projects,” ITAR-TASS News Agency Release (December 11, 2002).
73. “Gazprom Says to Boost Investment by 50 Percent in 2003,” ITAR-TASS News Agency Release (December 10, 2002).
74. “Russian Agency Reports Nortgaz Production Plans for 2003,” ITAR-TASS News Agency Release (December 4, 2002).
75. H. Peat. “Second Time Lucky,” BBC Sport (July 4, 2001), web site www.bbc.co.uk.
76. “China—Oil and Gas,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (November 29, 2002), web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com.
77. “China: New Pipeline to Connect Central Cities,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (January 30, 2002), web site www.worldmarketsanalysis.com.
78. “PetroChina Seeks Gas Pipeline Partner,” Xinhua News Agency Release (September 24, 2002).
79. “Business Opportunities in Asia & the Pacific,” The Gale Group: Worldwide Projects, Inc., Vol. 11, No. 11 (November 1, 2002).
80. “China, Russia To Build Gas Pipeline from East Siberia to Bohai,” The Gale Group: Asian Economic News: Kyodo News International, Inc. (October 14, 2002).
81. “Northeast China To Import Natural Gas from Russia,” Asia Pulse: Northern Territory Regional News Release (November 28, 2002).
82. “Hong Kong May Take One Third of Guangdong Gas,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (August 13, 2002), web site www.worldmarketsanalysis.com.
83. “China Signs Indonesian Gas Deal,” BBC News World Edition: Business (September 26, 2002), web site news.bbc.co.uk.
84. Global Insight, Inc., World Energy Service: Asia/ Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 2002), pp. 84-85.
85. “India—Oil and Gas: Sector Structure,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (November 12, 2002), web site www.worldmarketsanalysis.com.
86. “India’s Latest Gas Find Casts Further Doubts on Country’s Need for Massive Imports,” Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 101, No. 4 (January 27, 2003); and “Reliance Reserves,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 3 (January 15, 2003), p. 5.
87. M. Hutchinson, “Up From the Ashes: Growth Returns, but Caution Abounds,” Cambridge Energy Research Associates: Asia Gas & Power Watch (Cambridge, MA, Winter 2003), p. 21.
88. Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Briefs: South Korea,” web site www.eia.doe.gov (August 2002).
89. “Asia Regional: South Korea Confirms Australian LNG Deal,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (January 16, 2003), web site www.worldmarketsanalysis. com.
90. BP p.l.c., Statistical Review of World Energy (London, UK, June 2002), p. 28.
91. “Worldwide Look at Reserves and Production,” Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 100, No. 52 (December 23, 2002), pp. 114-115.
92. “Indonesia—Oil and Gas,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (October 22, 2002), web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com; and “China Signs Indonesia Gas Deal,” BBC News World Edition: Business (September 26, 2002), web site news.bbc.co.uk.
93. U.S. Department of State, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, “Background Notes: Indonesia,” web site www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn (October 2000).
94. “Indonesia—Oil and Gas,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (October 22, 2002), web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com.
95. “Energy Sector Analysis: Singapore: Sumatran Gas to be Delivered from 2005,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (November 5, 2002), web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com.
96. M. Hurle, “Asia Regional: Petronas and ConocoPhillips Invest in Indonesian Gas Network,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (November 13, 2002), web site www.worldmarketsanalysis.com.
97. “Worldwide Look at Reserves and Production,” Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 100, No. 52 (December 23, 2002), pp. 114-115.
98. “Malaysia—Oil and Gas,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (December 19, 2002), web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com.
99. “Asia Regional: New Schedule of Thai/Malaysia Pipeline,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (November 14, 2002), web site www.worldmarketsanalysis. com.
100. Global Insight, Inc., World Energy Service: Asia/ Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 2002), pp. 171-175.
101. Global Insight, Inc., World Energy Service: Asia/ Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 2002), pp. 329-331.
102. “Worldwide Look at Reserves and Production,” Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 100, No. 52 (December 23, 2002), pp. 114-115; and International Petroleum Encyclopedia (PennWell Publishing Co., Tulsa, OK, 1990), pp. 27-28.
103. “Thailand—Oil and Gas,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (January 7, 2003), web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com.
104. Global Insight, Inc., World Energy Service: Asia/ Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 2002), pp. 303.
105. “Taiwan—Oil and Gas,” World Markets Analysis OnLine (November 4, 2002), web site www. worldmarketsanalysis.com.
106. “Taiwan Risks Third LNG Tender Trauma,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 46 (November 13, 2002), pp. 2-3; and “Sakhalin-2, Indonesia Compete for Sales,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 6 (February 5, 2003), p. 3.
107. “Turkey, Greece Deal,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 9 (February 26, 2003), p. 5.
108. “Turkey-Austria Pipe,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 49 (December 4, 2002), p. 5.
109. “Azerbaijan Adding to Turkish Supply Excess,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 10 (March 5, 2003), pp. 1-2.
110. “Gulf Gas Pipe to South Asia Still Stalled,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 51 (December 18, 2002), pp. 3-4.
111. “South Pars 11-12 Bids Sought,” Platts: International Gas Report, No. 466 (January 17, 2003), pp. 13-14.
112. “Qatari Minister Outlines Vision for Top Role in All Gas Forms,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 51 (December 18, 2002), p. 8.
113. “Dolphin Deals,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 6 (February 5, 2003), p. 4.
114. “Special Report UAE: ADNOC: Investing in Gas Takes Top Priority,” Middle East Economic Digest Weekly Special Report (November 8, 2002), p. 34.
115. “Algeria LNG Bidders,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 10 (March 5, 2003), p. 5.
116. “Algeria Plugs for More US LNG Sales,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 46 (November 13, 2002), pp. 1-2.
117. “Algeria-Italy Line 2,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 49 (December 4, 2002), p. 5.
118. “Galsi Gasline Accord Inked,” Platts: International Gas Report, No. 464 (December 6, 2002), p. 23.
119. “Algeria Medgaz Sales,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 45 (November 6, 2002), p. 4.
120. “Maghreb Pipe Boost,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 36 (September 4, 2002), p. 4.
121. “Egyptian LNG Moves to Double Capacity,” Platts: International Gas Report, No. 466 (January 17, 2003), pp. 1-2.
122. “BG Launches Work on Egypt LNG Train 2,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 2 (January 8, 2003), p. 3.
123. Libya-Italy Pipeline Advances—Slowly,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 46 (November 13, 2002), p. 3.
124. “Flaring End Targeted at 2004,” Platts: International Gas Report, No. 466 (January 17, 2003), pp. 14-15.
125. “NLNG Gets Expansion Jointly Funded,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 1 (January 1, 2003), pp. 3-4.
126. “Nigeria LNG Details Expansion Plan,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 44 (October 30, 2002), pp. 2-3.
127. “West Africa Gas Pipe Set to Leap Hurdles,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 3 (January 15, 2003), p. 2.
128. “Nigeria-Algeria” Platts: International Gas Report, No. 458 (September 13, 2002), p. 22.
129. BP p.l.c., Statistical Review of World Energy (London, UK, June 2002), p. 20.
130. Global Insight, Inc. (formerly DRI-WEFA), Latin America World Energy 2001-2002 (Lexington, MA, 2002), pp. 19-20.
131. “Strike Puts PDVSA in Crisis,” Platts: International Gas Report, No. 466 (January 17, 2003), p. 28.
132. Global Insight, Inc., “Buisness Environment—Gas Companies Get Cold Feet, Latin American Monthly Monitor (Lexington, MA, February 2003), p. 2.
133. “Petrobras Pays for Low Use,” Platts: International Gas Report, No. 466 (January 17, 2003), p. 19.
134. “Venezuela,” Cedigaz News Report, Vol. 41, No. 51 (December 19, 2002), p. 11.
135. “About Us: Train 4,” Atlantic LNG Company of Trinidad and Tobago Web Page, web site www. atlanticlng.com (2002).
136. Andean Group, Latin American Newsletters, Ltd., Latin America Regional Reports, Section RA-03-01 (January 28, 2003), p. 5.