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6. REFERENCES

6.1 DOCUMENTS CITED

Ahola, M.P.; Chowdhury, A.H.; Hsiung, S.M.; and Philip, J. 1994a. "Comparison of Coupled Thermal-Mechanical-Hydrological Analyses of a Fractured Rock Mass." High Level Radioactive Waste Management, Proceedings of the Fifth Annual International Conference, Las Vegas, Nevada, May 22-26, 1994. 4, 2492-2499. La Grange Park, Illinois: American Nuclear Society. TIC:  210984.
Ahola, M.P.; Ofoegbu, G.I.; Chowdhury, A.H.; and Hsiung, S-M. 1994b. Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupled Modeling: Big-Ben Experiment, TC3 DECOVALEX - Phase III. CNWRA 94-021. San Antonio, Texas: Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses. TIC:  215628.
Albin, A.L.; Singleton, W.L.; Moyer, T.C.; Lee, A.C.; Lung, R.C.; Eatman, G.L.W.; and Barr, D.L. 1997. Geology of the Main Drift - Station 28+00 to 55+00, Exploratory Studies Facility, Yucca Mountain Project, Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Milestone SPG42AM3. Denver, Colorado: Bureau of Reclamation and U.S. Geological Survey. ACC:  MOL.19970625.0096.
Baca, R.G. and Magnuson, S.O. 1990. Independent Verification and Benchmark Testing of the UNSAT-H Computer Code, Version 2.0. EGG-BEG-8811. Idaho Falls, Idaho: EG&G Idaho. TIC:  247840.
Bandis, S.C.; Lumsden, A.C.; and Barton, N.R. 1983. "Fundamentals of Rock Joint Deformation." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 20, (6), 249-268. Oxford, United Kingdom: Pergamon Press. TIC:  224201.
Barton, C.A.; Hickman, S.; Morin, R.; Zoback, M.D.; Finkbeiner, T.; Sass, J.; and Benoit, D. 1997. "Fracture Permeability and Its Relationship to In Situ Stress in the Dixie Valley, Nevada, Geothermal Reservoir." Proceedings from Twenty-Second Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, January 27-29, 1997. Pages 210-215. Stanford, California: Stanford University. TIC:  237673.
Barton, N.R.; Bandis, S.; and Bakhtar, K. 1985. "Strength, Deformation, and Conductivity Coupling of Rock. Joints." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts, 22, (3), 121-140. New York, New York: Pergamon Press. TIC:  217135.
Bear, J. 1988. Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media. New York, New York: Dover Publications. TIC:  217568.
Berge, P.A.; Wang, H.F.; and Blair, S.C. 1998. Estimated Bounds on Rock Permeability Changes from THM Processes. UCRL-ID-131492. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19981109.0302.
Bish, D.L. 1995. "Thermal Behavior of Natural Zeolites." Natural Zeolites '93: Occurrence, Properties, Use, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on the Occurrence, Properties, and Utilization of Natural Zeolites, June 20-28, 1993, Boise, Idaho. Ming, D.W. and Mumpton, F.A., eds. Pages 259-269. Brockport, New York: International Committee on Natural Zeolites. TIC:  243086.
Bish, D.L. and Aronson, J.L. 1993. "Paleogeothermal and Paleohydrologic Conditions in Silicic Tuff from Yucca Mountain, Nevada." Clays and Clay Minerals, 41, (2), 148-161. Long Island City, New York: Pergamon Press. TIC:  224613.
Bish, D.L.; Carey, J.W.; Levy, S.S.; and Chipera, S.J. 1996. Mineralogy-Petrology Contribution to the Near-Field Environment Report. Milestone Report LA3668. Los Alamos, New Mexico: Los Alamos National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19971111.0588.
Blair, S.C. and Berge, P.A. 1995. Uniaxial Compression Behavior of Small Blocks of Welded Tuff. UCRL-JC-122733. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19960501.0273.
Blair, S.C. and Berge, P.A. 1997. Geomechanical Properties of Topopah Spring Tuff at the 0.5-m Scale: Preliminary Results of Compression Tests at Elevated Temperature. UCRL-ID-125089. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. TIC:  236600.
Blair, S.C. and Wood, S.A. 1998. "Geomechanical Observations During the Large Block Test." High-Level Radioactive Waste Management, Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference Las Vegas, Nevada, May 11-14, 1998. Pages 769-771. La Grange Park, Illinois: American Nuclear Society. TIC:  237082.
Blair, S.C.; Berge, P.A.; and Wang, H.F. 1997. Bounding Models for Estimating Changes in Fracture Permeability Due to Thermo-Mechanical Stresses in Host Rock Surrounding the Repository, 1: Permeability Changes Estimated for the Heated Drift Test. Milestone SPLF2M4. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19980107.0411.
Blair, S.C.; Kelly, J.M.; Pine, O.; Pletcher, R.; and Berge, P.A. 1996. Effect of Radiation on the Mechanical Properties of Topopah Spring Tuff. UCRL-ID-122899. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19961021.0132.
Bodvarsson, G.S.; Bandurraga, T.M.; and Wu, Y.S., eds. 1997. The Site-Scale Unsaturated Zone Model of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, for the Viability Assessment. LBNL-40376. Berkeley, California: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19971014.0232.
Borgesson, L. and Hernelind, J. 1995. DECOVALEX I - Test Case 3: Calculation of the Big Ben Experiment - Coupled Modelling of the Thermal, Mechanical and Hydraulic Behaviour of Water-Unsaturated Buffer Material in a Simulated Deposition Hole. SKB Technical Report 95-29. Stockholm, Sweden: Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company. TIC:  224376.
Brookins, D.G 1984. Geochemical Aspects of Radioactive Waste Disposal. New York, New York: Springer-Verlag. TIC:  206675.
Brookins, D.G. 1986. "Natural Analogues for Radwaste Disposal: Elemental Migration in Igneous Contact Zones." Chemical Geology, 55, 337-344. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. TIC:  246170.
Budnitz, B.; Ewing, R.C.; Moeller, D.W.; Payer, J.; Whipple, C.; and Witherspoon, P.A. 1999. Peer Review of the Total System Performance Assessment-Viability Assessment Final Report. Las Vegas, Nevada: Total System Performance Assessment Peer Review Panel. ACC:  MOL.19990317.0328.
Buscheck, T.A. and Nitao, J.J. 1993. "Repository-Heat-Driven Hydrothermal Flow at Yucca Mountain, Part I: Modeling and Analysis." Nuclear Technology, 104, (3), 418-448. La Grange Park, Illinois: American Nuclear Society. TIC:  224039.
Buscheck, T.A. and Nitao, J.J. 1994. The Impact of Buoyant, Gas-Phase Flow and Heterogeneity on Thermal-Hydrological Behavior at Yucca Mountain. UCRL-JC-115351. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  NNA.19940524.0012.
Buscheck, T.A.; Nitao, J.J.; and Chesnut, D.A. 1992. "The Impact of Episodic Nonequilibrium Fracture-Matrix Flow on Geological Repository Performance." Proceedings of the Topical Meeting on Nuclear Waste Packaging, FOCUS '91, September 29-October 2, 1991, Las Vegas, Nevada. Pages 312-323. La Grange Park, Illinois: American Nuclear Society. TIC:  231173.
Buscheck et al. 1997a. Not Used.
Buscheck et al. 1997b. Not Used.
Buscheck, T.A.; Shaffer, R.J.; Lee, K.H.; and Nitao, J.J. 1997c. Analysis of Thermal-Hydrological Behavior During the Heating Phase of the Single-Heater Test at Yucca Mountain. Supplemental Submission to Deliverable SP9266M4. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19980109.0241.
Buscheck, T.A.; Shaffer, R.J.; and Nitao, J.J. 1997d. Pretest Thermal-Hydrological Analysis of the Drift-Scale Thermal Test at Yucca Mountain. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19980507.0359.
Buscheck, T.A.; Nitao, J.J.; and Ramspott, L.D. 1997e. "Near-Field Thermal-Hydrological Behavior for Alternative Repository Designs at Yucca Mountain." Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XX, Symposium held December 2-6, 1996, Boston, Massachusetts. Gray, W.J. and Triay, I.R., eds. 465, 1029-1036. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Materials Research Society. TIC:  238884.
Carey, J.W. and Bish, D.L. 1996. "Equilibrium in the Clinoptilolite-H2O System." American Mineralogist, 81, 952-962. Washington, D.C.: Mineralogical Society of America. TIC:  233145.
Carey, J.W.; Chipera, S.J.; Vaniman, D.T.; and Bish, D.L. 1997. Three-Dimensional Mineralogic Model of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, Rev. 1.1. Deliverable SP32B5M4. Draft R0. [Los Alamos, New Mexico]: Los Alamos National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19980520.0170.
Chan, T.; Khair, K.; Jing, L.; Ahola, M.; Noorishad, J.; and Vuillod, E. 1995. "International Comparison of Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Models of a Multiple-Fracture Bench Mark Problem: DECOVALEX Phase I, Bench Mark Test 2." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 32, (5), 435-452. Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier Science. TIC:  235730.
Cohon, J.L. 1999. Comments on the Process for Selecting the Repository Design "Letter from J.L. Cohon (U.S. Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board) to L.H. Barrett (DOE/OCRWM), July 9, 1999." ACC:  MOL.20000412.0786.
Cohon, J.L. 2000. Comments from the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board January 2000 Meeting "Letter from J.L. Cohon (U.S. Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board) to I. Itkin (DOE/OCRWM), March 20, 2000." ACC:  MOL.20000412.0787.
Crowe, B.; Self, S.; Vaniman, D.; Amos, R.; and Perry, F. 1983. "Aspects of Potential Magmatic Disruption of a High-Level Radioactive Waste Repository in Southern Nevada." Journal of Geology, 91, (3), 259-276. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. TIC:  216959.
CRWMS M&O 1996. Test Design, Plans and Layout Report for the ESF Thermal Test. BAB000000-01717-4600-00025 REV 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19970114.0166.
CRWMS M&O 1997a. Single Heater Test Status Report. BAB000000-01717-5700-00002 REV 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19980416.0696.
CRWMS M&O 1997b. Drift Scale Test Design and Forecast Results. BAB000000-01717-4600-00007 REV 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19980710.0155.
CRWMS M&O 1997c. Updated In Situ Thermal Testing Program Strategy. B00000000-01717-5705-00065 REV 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990526.0296.
CRWMS M&O 1998a. Near-Field/Altered Zone Coupled Effects Expert Elicitation Project. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19980729.0638.
CRWMS M&O 1998b. "Thermal Hydrology." Chapter 3 of Total System Performance Assessment-Viability Assessment (TSPA-VA) Analyses Technical Basis Document. B00000000-01717-4301-00003 REV 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19981008.0003.
CRWMS M&O 1998c. "Near-Field Geochemical Environment." Chapter 4 of Total System Performance Assessment-Viability Assessment (TSPA-VA) Analyses Technical Basis Document. B00000000-01717-4301-00004 REV 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19981008.0004.
CRWMS M&O 1999a. License Application Design Selection Report. B00000000-01717-4600-00123 REV 01 ICN 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990908.0319.
CRWMS M&O 1999b. Work Package Planning Summary for the Near Field Environment Process Model Report FY 00 WP #1401213NM1 and 891213NU1 Revision 00. WPP-MGR-MD-000024. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19991021.0080.
CRWMS M&O 1999c. Final Report Total System Performance Assessment Peer Review Panel. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990528.0155.
CRWMS M&O 1999d. Single Heater Test Final Report. BAB000000-01717-5700-00005 REV 00 ICN 1. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000103.0634.
CRWMS M&O 2000a. Thermal Tests Thermal-Hydrological Analysis/Model Report. ANL-NBS-TH-000001 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000505.0231.
CRWMS M&O 2000b. Drift-Scale Coupled Processes (DST and THC Seepage) Models. MDL-NBS-HS-000001 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990721.0523.
CRWMS M&O 2000c. Abstraction of Drift-Scale Coupled Processes. ANL-NBS-HS-000029 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000525.0371.
CRWMS M&O 2000d. Calculation of Permeability Change Due to Coupled Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical Effects. CAL-NBS-MD-000002 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000711.0192.
CRWMS M&O 2000e. Features, Events and Processes in Thermal Hydrology and Coupled Processes. ANL-NBS-MD-00004 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000602.0053.
CRWMS M&O 2000f. Unsaturated Zone Flow and Transport Model Process Model Report. TDR-NBS-HS-000002 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000320.0400.
CRWMS M&O 2000g. Engineered Barrier System Degradation, Flow, and Transport Process Model Report. TDR-EBS-MD-000006 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000324.0558.
CRWMS M&O 2000h. Conceptual and Numerical Models for UZ Flow and Transport. MDL-NBS-HS-000005 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990721.0526.
CRWMS M&O 2000i. Site Recommendation Subsurface Layout. ANL-SFS-MG-000001 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000908.0276.
CRWMS M&O 2000j. Not Used.
CRWMS M&O 2000k. Multiscale Thermohydrologic Model. ANL-EBS-MD-000049 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000609.0267.
CRWMS M&O 2000l. Abstraction of Drift Seepage. ANL-NBS-MD-000005 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000322.0671.
CRWMS M&O 2000m. Abstraction of NFE Drift Thermodynamic Environment and Percolation Flux. ANL-EBS-HS-000003 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000504.0296.
CRWMS M&O 2000n. Calibrated Properties Model. MDL-NBS-HS-000003 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990721.0520.
CRWMS M&O 2000o. Waste Package Degradation Process Model Report. TDR-WIS-MD-000002 REV 00 ICN 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000620.0346.
CRWMS M&O 2000p. Natural Analogues for the Unsaturated Zone. ANL-NBS-HS-000007 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990721.0524.
CRWMS M&O 2000q. UZ Flow Models and Submodels. MDL-NBS-HS-000006 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990721.0527.
CRWMS M&O 2000r. Analysis of Geochemical Data for the Unsaturated Zone. ANL-NBS-HS-000017 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000725.0453.
CRWMS M&O 2000s. Repository Safety Strategy: Plan to Prepare the Postclosure Safety Case to Support Yucca Mountain Site Recommendation and Licensing Considerations. TDR-WIS-RL-000001 REV 03. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000119.0189.
CRWMS M&O 2000t. Mountain-Scale Coupled Processes (TH) Models. MDL-NBS-HS-000007 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990721.0528.
CRWMS M&O 2000u. Water Distribution and Removal Model. ANL-EBS-MD-000032 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000504.0303.
CRWMS M&O 2000v. Physical and Chemical Environment Abstraction Model. ANL-EBS-MD-000046 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000523.0155.
CRWMS M&O 2000w. Development of Numerical Grids for UZ Flow and Transport Modeling. ANL-NBS-HS-000015 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19990721.0517.
CRWMS M&O 2000x. Near-Field Environment Process Model Report(PMR). TDP-NBS-MD-000011 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000310.0353.
CRWMS M&O 2000y. Integrated Site Model Process Model Report. TDR-NBS-GS-000002 REV 00 ICN 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000121.0116.
CRWMS M&O 2000z. Performance Confirmation Plan. TDR-PCS-SE-000001 REV 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000302.0312.
CRWMS M&O 2000aa. Subsurface Facility System Description Document. SDD-SFS-SE-000001 REV 00. Volume I. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000221.0712.
CRWMS M&O 2000ab. Waste Form Degradation Process Model Report. TDR-WIS-MD-000001 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000403.0495.
CRWMS M&O 2000ac. Drift Degradation Analysis. ANL-EBS-MD-000027 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000107.0328.
CRWMS M&O 2000ad. Emplacement Drift System Description Document SDD-EDS-SE-000001 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000121.0119.
CRWMS M&O 2000ae. Backfill Emplacement System Description Document. SDD-BES-SE-000001 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000210.0074.
CRWMS M&O 2000af. Subsurface Ventilation System Description Document. SDD-SVS-SE-000001 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000217.0221.
CRWMS M&O 2000ag. Ground Control System Description Document. SDD-GCS-SE-000001 REV 00. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.20000221.0711.
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DOE (U.S. Department of Energy) 2000. Quality Assurance Requirements and Description. DOE/RW-0333P, Rev. 9. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. ACC:  MOL.19991028.0012.
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Kneafsey, T.J. and Pruess, K. 1997. Preferential Flow Paths and Heat Pipes: Status Report Second Quarter FY 1997. Milestone SPL6A3M4. Berkeley, California: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19971125.0196.
Kneafsey, T.J. and Pruess, K. 1998. "Laboratory Experiments on Heat-Driven Two-Phase Flows in Natural and Artificial Rock Fractures." Water Resources Research, 34, (12), 3349-3367. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. TIC:  247468.
Kotra, J.P.; Lee, M.P.; Eisenberg, N.A.; and DeWispelare, A.R. 1996. Branch Technical Position on the Use of Expert Elicitation in the High-Level Radioactive Waste Program. NUREG-1563. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. TIC:  226832.
Krumhansl, J.L. and Stockman, H.W. 1988. "Site Selection Criteria and Preliminary Results from the Valles Caldera Natural Analog Study." Proceedings of Workshop IV on Flow and Transport Through Unsaturated Fractured Rock-Related to High Level Radioactive Waste Disposal, December 12-15, 1998 Tucson, Arizona. Pages 249-276. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona. TIC:  247519.
Kwicklis, E.M. and Healy, R.W. 1993. "Numerical Investigation of Steady Liquid Water Flow in a Variably Saturated Fracture Network." Water Resources Research, 29, (12), 4091-4102. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. TIC:  226993.
Lasaga, A.C. 1998. Kinetic Theory in the Earth Sciences. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. TIC:  246279.
LBNL (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) 1999. Software Code: TOUGHREACT V2.2. V2.2. SUN. STN:  10154-2.2-00. URN-0365.
LBNL 2000. Software Code: TOUGH2 V1.4. V1.4. STN:  10007-1.4-01.
LLNL (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) 1999. Software code: NUFT . V3.0.1s. Sun SPARC, UNIX OS. 10130-3.0.1s-00. URN-0394.
LLNL 1999. Software code, MSTHAC. V6.2. STN: 10290-6.2-00. URN-0455.
Lee, K.H.; Kulshrestha, A.; and Nitao, J.J. 1993. Interim Report on Verification and Benchmark Testing of the NUFT Computer Code, October 1993. UCRL-ID-113521. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. TIC:  235555.
Levy, S.S.; Fabryka-Martin, J.T.; Dixon, P.R.; Liu, B.; Turin, H.J.; and Wolfsberg, A.V. 1997. "Chlorine-36 Investigations of Groundwater Infiltration in the Exploratory Studies Facility at Yucca Mountain, Nevada." Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XX, Symposium held December 2-6, 1996, Boston, Massachusetts. Gray, W.J. and Triay, I.R., eds. 465, 901-908. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Materials Research Society. TIC:  238884.
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Lichtner, P.C.; Keating, G.; and Carey, B. 1999. A Natural Analogue for Thermal-Hydrological-Chemical Coupled Processes at the Proposed Nuclear Waste Repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. LA-13610-MS. Los Alamos, New Mexico: Los Alamos National Laboratory. TIC:  246032.
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Lin, W. and Roberts, J. 1996. "Laboratory-Determined Hydrologic Properties and Processes." Chapter 2 of Near-Field and Altered-Zone Environment Report. Wilder, D.G., ed. UCRL-LR-124998. Volume II. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19961212.0122.
Lin, W.; Wilder, D.; Blair, S.; Daily, W.; Gdowski, G.; Glassley, W.; Lee, K.; Meike, A.; Ramirez, A.; Roberts, J.; Ruddle, D.; Wagoner, J.; Watwood, D.; Williams, T.; and Carlson, R. 1998a. "The Large Block Test of the Exploratory Studies Facility Thermal Tests." High-Level Radioactive Waste Management, Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference, Las Vegas, Nevada, May 11-14, 1998. Pages 49-51. La Grange Park, Illinois: American Nuclear Society. TIC:  237082.
Lin, W.; Roberts, J.J.; and Wildenschild, D. 1998b. A Report on Laboratory Scale Thermally-Coupled Processes Experiments. UCRL-ID-129843. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19981123.0401.
Lin, W.; Roberts, J.J.; Glassley, W.E.; and Ruddle, D. 1995. The Effect of Rock-Water Interaction on Permeability. UCRL-JC-119574. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19960416.0275.
Liu, H.H.; Doughty, C.; and Bodvarsson, G.S. 1998. "An Active Fracture Model for Unsaturated Flow and Transport in Fractured Rocks." Water Resources Research, 34, (10), 2633-2646. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. TIC:  243012.
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Manteufel, R.D.; Ahola, M.P.; Turner, D.R.; and Chowdhury, A.H. 1993. A Literature Review of Coupled Thermal-Hydrologic-Mechanical-Chemical Processes Pertinent to the Proposed High-Level Nuclear Waste Repository at Yucca Mountain. NUREG CR-6021. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. TIC:  207771.
Martin, R.J.; Noel, J.S.; Boyd, P.J.; and Price, R.H. 1997. Creep Properties of the Paintbrush Tuff Recovered from Borehole USW NRG-7/7A: Data Report. SAND95-1759. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Sandia National Laboratories. ACC:  MOL.19971017.0661.
Matyskiela, W. 1997. "Silica Redistribution and Hydrologic Changes in Heated Fractured Tuff." Geology, 25, (12), 1115-1118. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America. TIC:  236809.
Millard, A.; Durin, N.; Stietel, A.; Thoraval, A.; Vuillod, E.; Baroudi, H.; Plas, F.; Bougnoux, A.; Vouille, G.; Kobayashi, A.; Hara, K.; Fujita, T.; and Ohnishi, Y. 1995. "Discrete and Continuum Approaches to Simulate the Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Couplings in a Large, Fractured Rock Mass." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 32, (5), 409-414. Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier Science. TIC:  235740.
Mohanty, S.; Chowdhury, A.H.; Hsiung, S-M.; and Ahola, M.P. 1994a. Single Fracture Flow Behavior of Apache Leap Tuff Under Normal and Shear Loads. San Antonio, Texas: Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses. TIC:  247817.
Mohanty, S.; Pickens, A.; and Kana, D. 1994b. "Single-Fracture Permeability Under Normal and Shear Displacement of Natural Rock Joint." EOS Transactions , 75, (44), 258. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. TIC:  247737.
Murphy, W.M. and Pabalan, R.T. 1994. Geochemical Investigations Related to the Yucca Mountain Environment and Potential Nuclear Waste Repository. NUREG/CR-6288. San Antonio, Texas: Southwest Research Institute. TIC:  227032.
Nataraja, M.S. and Brandshaug, T. 1992. Staff Technical Position on Geologic Repository Operations Area Underground Facility Design - Thermal Loads. NUREG-1466. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACC:  NNA.19921030.0049.
Nguyen, T.S. and Selvadurai, A.P.S. 1995. "Coupled Thermal-Mechanical-Hydrological Behaviour of Sparsely Fractured Rock: Implications for Nuclear Fuel Waste Disposal." International Journal of Rock Mechanics Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts, 32, (5), 465-479. Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier Science. TIC:  235741.
Nicholl, M.J.; Glass, R.J.; and Wheatcraft, S.W. 1994. "Gravity-Driven Infiltration Instability in Initially Dry Nonhorizontal Fractures." Water Resources Research, 30, (9), 2533-2546. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. TIC:  243493.
Nitao, J.J. 1993. "The NUFT Code for Modeling Nonisothermal, Multiphase, Multicomponent Flow and Transport in Porous Media." Eos, 74, (43), 313. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. TIC:  226135.
Nitao, J.J. and Buscheck, T.A. 1996. "Discrete-Fracture Modeling of Thermal-Hydrological Processes at Yucca Mountain and the LLNL G-Tunnel Heater Test." Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XIX, Symposium held November 27-December 1, 1995, Boston, Massachusetts. Murphy, W.M. and Knecht, D.A., eds. 412, 747-758. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Materials Research Society. TIC:  233877.
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NRC (U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission) 1998. Issue Resolution Status Report Key Technical Issue: Total System Performance Assessment and Integration. Rev. 1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACC:  MOL.19990105.0083.
NRC 1999a. Issue Resolution Status Report Key Technical Issue: Evolution of the Near-Field Environment. Rev. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACC:  MOL.19990810.0640.
NRC 1999b. Issue Resolution Status Report Key Technical Issue: Thermal Effects on Flow. Rev. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACC:  MOL.19991021.0156.
NRC 1999c. Issue Resolution Status Report Key Technical Issue: Repository Design and Thermal-Mechanical Effects. Rev. 02. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACC:  MOL.20000306.0670.
NRC 1999d. Minutes, Nuclear Regulatory Commission Meeting, Rockville, Maryland, March 16 and 17, 1999. Rockville, Maryland: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACC:  MOL.19990406.0198.
NRC (U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission) 2000. Issue Resolution Status Report Key Technical Issue: Total System Performance Assessment and Integration. Rev. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. TIC:  247614.
NWTRB (U.S. Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board) 1992. Minutes, NWTRB Full Board Meeting, Denver, Colorado, July 7-8, 1992. TIC:  210563.
Olsson, W.A. and Brown, S.R. 1993. "Hydromechanical Response of a Fracture Undergoing Compression and Shear." International Journal of Rock Mechanics, Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 30, (7), 845-851. New York, New York: Pergamon Press. TIC:  234100.
Olsson, W.A. and Brown, S.R. 1994. Mechanical Properties of Seven Fractures from Drillholes NRG-4 and NRG-6 at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. SAND94-1995. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Sandia National Laboratories. ACC:  MOL.19941007.0081.
Paperiello, C.J. 1999. "U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Staff Review of the U.S. Department of Energy Viability Assessment for a High-Level Radioactive Waste Repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada." Letter from C.J. Paperiello (NRC) to L.H. Barrett (DOE), June 2, 1999, with enclosures, "U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Staff Evaluation of U.S. Department of Energy’s Viability Assessment" and Letter from B.J. Garrick (NRC Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste) to S.A. Jackson (NRC), dated April 8, 1999. ACC:  HQO.19990811.0007; HQO.19990811.0008.
Pruess, K. 1987. TOUGH User's Guide. NUREG/CR-4645. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. TIC:  217275.
Pruess, K. 1991. TOUGH2-A General-Purpose Numerical Simulator for Multiphase Fluid and Heat Flow. LBL-29400. Berkeley, California: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. ACC:  NNA.19940202.0088.
Pruess, K. 1997. "On Vaporizing Water Flow in Hot Sub-Vertical Rock Fractures." Transport in Porous Media, 28, (3), 335-372. Boston, Massachusetts: Kluwer Academic Publishers. TIC:  238922.
Pruess, K.; Tsang, Y.W.; and Wang, J.S.Y. 1984. Numerical Studies of Fluid and Heat Flow Near High-Level Nuclear Waste Packages Emplaced in Partially Saturated Fractured Tuff. LBL-18552. Berkeley, California: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. TIC:  211033.
Pruess, K.; Wang, J.S.Y.; and Tsang, Y.W. 1990. "On Thermohydrologic Conditions Near High-Level Nuclear Wastes Emplaced in Partially Saturated Fractured Tuff: 1. Simulation Studies with Explicit Consideration of Fracture Effects." Water Resources Research, 26, (6), 1235-1248. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. TIC:  221923.
Ramirez, A.L., ed. 1991. Prototype Engineered Barrier System Field Test (PEBSFT) Final Report. UCRL-ID-106159. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  NNA.19910711.0047.
Raven, K.G. and Gale, J.E. 1985. "Water Flow in a Natural Rock Fracture as a Function of Stress and Sample Size." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 22, (4), 251-261. Oxford, United Kingdom: Pergamon Press. TIC:  235724.
Reed, M.H. 1982. "Calculation of Multicomponent Chemical Equilibria and Reaction Processes in Systems Involving Minerals, Gases, and an Aqueous Phase." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 46, (4), 513-528. New York, New York: Pergamon Press. TIC:  224159.
Rehbinder, G. 1995. "Analytical Solutions of Stationary Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Problems." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 32, (5), 453-463. Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier Science. TIC:  235725.
Roberts, J.J. and Lin, W. 1997. "X-Ray Radiography of Fracture Flow and Matrix Imbibition in Topopah Spring Tuff Under a Thermal Gradient." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 34, (3/4), 482. [New York, New York]: Elsevier Science. TIC:  237400.
Rosenberg, N.D.; Knauss, K.G.; and Dibley, M.J. 1999. Evaporation of J13 Water: Laboratory Experiments and Geochemical Modeling. UCRL-ID-134852. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. TIC:  246322.
Sagar, B.; Bagtzoglou, A.C.; Green, R.T.; and Stothoff, S.A. 1995. "Measurement and Modeling of Flow Through Unsaturated Heterogeneous Rock in the Context of Geologic Disposal of Nuclear Waste." Proceedings of the ASME Heat Transfer and Fluids Engineering Divisions: Presented at the 1995 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, November 12-17, 1995, San Francisco, California. HTD Vol. 321, FED Vol. 233, 271-284. New York, New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. TIC:  247816.
Slider, H.C. 1976. Practical Petroleum Reservoir Engineering Methods, An Energy Conservation Science. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Petroleum Publishing Company. TIC:  247798.
Sonnenthal, E.; Spycher, N.; Apps, J.; and Simmons, A. 1998. Thermo-Hydro-Chemical Predictive Analysis for the Drift-Scale Heater Test. Milestone SPY289M4. Version 1.1. Berkeley, California: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19981130.0132.
Sonnenthal, E.L. and Bodvarsson, G.S. 1999. "Constraints on the Hydrology of the Unsaturated Zone at Yucca Mountain, NV from Three-Dimensional Models of Chloride and Strontium Geochemistry." Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 38, (1-3), 107-156. New York, New York: Elsevier Science B.V. TIC:  244160.
Steefel, C.I. and Lasaga, A.C. 1994. "A Coupled Model for Transport of Multiple Chemical Species and Kinetic Precipitation/Dissolution Reactions with Application to Reactive Flow in Single Phase Hydrothermal Systems." American Journal of Science, 294, (5), 529-592. New Haven, Connecticut: Kline Geology Laboratory, Yale University. TIC:  235372.
Steefel, C.I. and Lichtner, P.C. 1998. "Multicomponent Reactive Transport in Discrete Fractures: I. Controls on Reaction Front Geometry." Journal of Hydrology, 209, 186-199. New York, New York: Elsevier Science B.V. TIC:  247524.
Stephansson, O. 1995. "Introduction." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 32, (5), 387. Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier Science. TIC:  236217.
Stockman, H.; Krumhansl, J.; Ho, C.; and McConnell, V. 1994. The Valles Natural Analogue Project. NUREG/CR-6221. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. TIC:  246123.
Tsang, Y.W. and Birkholzer, J.T. 1999. "Predictions and Observations of the Thermal-Hydrological Conditions in the Single Heater Test." Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 38, 385-425. New York, New York: Elsevier Science B.V. TIC:  244160.
Tsang, Y.W.; Apps, J.; Birkholzer, J.T.; Freifeld, B.; Hu, M.Q.; Peterson, J.; Sonnenthal, E.; and Spycher, N. 1999. Single Heater Test Borehole Perspective. LBNL-42537. Berkeley, California: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.20000331.0665.
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Wilder, D.G. 1997. Technical Bases for EBS Design. Volume I of Near-Field and Altered-Zone Environment Report. UCRL-LR-107476, Rev. 1. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19980107.0365.
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Wilder, D.G., ed. 1996. Volume II: Near-Field and Altered-Zone Environment Report. UCRL-LR-124998. [Livermore, California]: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19961212.0121; MOL.19961212.0122.
Wilder, D.G.; Lin, W.; Blair, S.C.; Buscheck, T.; Carlson, R.C.; Lee, K.; Meike, A.; Ramirez, A.L.; Wagoner, J.L.; and Wang, J. 1997. Large Block Test Status Report. UCRL-ID-128776. Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ACC:  MOL.19980508.0727.
Wilkins, D.R. and Heath, C.A. 1999. "Direction to Transition to Enhanced Design Alternative II." Letter from D.R. Wilkins (CRWMS M&O) and C.A. Heath (CRWMS M&O) to Distribution, June 15, 1999, LV.NS.JLY.06/99-026, with enclosures, "Strategy for Baselining EDA II Requirements" and "Guidelines for Implementation of EDA II." ACC:  MOL.19990622.0126; MOL.19990622.0127; MOL.19990622.0128.
WoldeGabriel, G.; Keating, G.N.; and Valentine, G.A. 1999. "Effects of Shallow Basaltic Intrusion into Pyroclastic Deposits, Grants Ridge, New Mexico, USA." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 92, ([3]), 389-411. [New York, New York]: Elsevier Science B.V. TIC:  246037.
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Wu, Y-S.; Haukwa, C.; and Bodvarsson, G.S. 1999. "A Site-Scale Model for Fluid and Heat Flow in the Unsaturated Zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada." Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 38, (1-3), 185-215. New York, New York: Elsevier. TIC:  244160.
Xu, T. and Pruess, K. 1998. Coupled Modeling of Non-Isothermal Multi-Phase Flow, Solute Transport and Reactive Chemistry in Porous and Fractured Media: 1. Model Development and Validation. LBNL-42050. Berkeley, California: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. TIC:  243735.
Xu, T.; Pruess, K.; and Brimhall, G. 1998. An Improved Equilibrium-Kinetics Speciation Algorithm for Redox Reactions in Variably Saturated Subsurface Flow Systems. LBNL-41789. Berkeley, California: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. TIC:  240019.
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Zyvoloski, G.A.; Robinson, B.A.; Dash, Z.V.; and Trease, L.L. 1997. User’s Manual for the FEHM Application – A Finite-Element Heat- and Mass-Transfer Code. LA-13306-M. Los Alamos, New Mexico: Los Alamos National Laboratory. TIC:  235999.

6.2 CODES, STANDARDS, REGULATIONS, AND PROCEDURES
64 FR 46976. 40 CFR 197: Environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Yucca Mountain, Nevada; Proposed Rule. Readily Available

64 FR 67054. 10 CFR Parts 960 and 963. Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management; General Guidelines for the Recommendation of Sites for Nuclear Waste Repositories; Yucca Mountain Site Suitability Guidelines. Readily Available

64 FR 8640. Disposal of High Level Radioactive Wastes in a Proposed Geologic Repository at Yucca Mountain. Readily Available

AP-2.13Q, Rev. 0, ICN 1. Technical Product Development Planning. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. ACC:  MOL.19991115.0230.
AP3.10Q, Rev 2, ICN 2. Analyses and Models.
AP-3.11Q, Rev. 1, ICN 2. Technical Reports. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. ACC:  MOL.20001026.0083.
AP-3.12Q, Rev 0, ICN 2. Calculations. Las Vegas, Nevada: ACC:  MOL.20000620.0068.
AP-3.15Q, Rev. 2, ICN 0. Managing Technical Product Inputs. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. ACC:  MOL.20001109.0051.
AP-SIII.2Q, Rev 0, ICN 2. Procedure for Qualification of Unqualified Data and the Documentation of Rationale for Accepted Data. Las Vegas, Nevada. ACC:  MOL.20000217.0150.
QAP-2-0, Rev. 5. Conduct of Activities. Las Vegas, Nevada: CRWMS M&O. ACC:  MOL.19980826.0209.

6.3 Source Data, Listed by Data Tracking Number
LL000314304242.094. NUFT Calculation LBT Sensitivity Calcs. Submittal date:  03/28/2000.
LL000509112312.003. TSPA-SR Multiscale TH Results (E0120) Mean Calculations Using Drift Scale Property Set. Submittal date:  05/18/2000.
LL970803004244.036. Data on Temperature of the Large Block Test (LBT). Submittal date:  08/08/1997.
LL970803104244.037. Data on Displacement of the Large Block Test (LBT). Submittal date:  08/08/1997.
LL980913304244.072. Data Submission Report for Electrical Resistance Tomography Results Obtained During the Large Block Test FY98. Submittal date:  09/24/1998.
LL980919304244.075. Neutron Logging Activities at the Large Block Test (LBT). Submittal date: 09/30/1998.
LL990702804244.100. Borehole and Pore Water Data. Submittal date: 7/13/1999.
LL990708904243.033. Drift Scale Test (DST) Neutron Logging Data Report. Submittal date:  07/29/1999.
MO9807DSTSET01.000. Drift Scale Test (DST) Temperature, Power, Current, Voltage Data for November 7, 1997 through May 31, 1998. Submittal date: 07/09/1998.
MO9810DSTSET02.000. Drift Scale Test (DST) Temperature, Power, Current, Voltage Data for June 1 through August 31, 1998. Submittal date: 10/09/1998.
MO9906DSTSET03.000. Drift Scale Test (DST) Temperature, Power, Current, and Voltage Data for September 1, 1998 through May 31, 1999. Submittal date: 06/08/1999.