2004 Connecticut Coastline Lidar Mapping

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Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Coastal Services Center (CSC)
Publication_Date: 20060814
Title: 2004 Connecticut Coastline Lidar Mapping
Edition: 1st Edition
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Charleston, SC
Publisher: NOAA's Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center (CSC)
Online_Linkage: <http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart>
Description:
Abstract:
LIDAR data is remotely sensed high-resolution elevation data collected by an airborne collection platform. Using a combination of laser rangefinding, GPS positioning and inertial measurement technologies; LIDAR instruments are able to make highly detailed Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of the earth's terrain, man-made structures and vegetation. This data was collected at submeter resolution to provide nominal 1m spacing of collected points. Two returns were recorded for each pulse in addition to an intensity value.
Purpose:
LIDAR data is used for 3D visualization, elevation based analysis and for feature extraction.
Supplemental_Information:
Reflective surface data represents the DEM created by laser energy reflected from the first surface encountered by the laser pulse. Some energy may continue beyond this initial surface to be reflected by a subsequent surface as represented by the Last Return data. Intensity information is captured from the Reflective Surface pulse and indicates the relative energy returned to the sensor as compared to the energy transmitted. The Intensity image is not calibrated or normalized but indicates differences in energy absorption due to the interaction of the surface materials with laser energy at the wavelength transmitted by the sensor. Points are classified as on ground surface or not on ground surface to support creation of a bare earth model from the data. Open water is classified as not bare ground. The 2004 Connecticut Lidar Data Validation Report may be viewed at <ftp://ftp.csc.noaa.gov/pub/crs/beachmap/qa_docs/ct>
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20041008
Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.908092
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.279933
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.453890
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.240042
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Categories
Theme_Keyword: Elevation
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Elevation
Theme_Keyword: Lidar
Theme_Keyword: Laser
Theme_Keyword: Beach
Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry/Topography
Theme_Keyword: Digital elevation model
Theme_Keyword: DEM
Theme_Keyword: Erosion
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: US
Place_Keyword: Connecticut
Place_Keyword: Long Island Sound
Place_Keyword: Quinnipiac River
Place_Keyword: New Haven Harbor
Place_Keyword: Connecticut Coastline
Place_Keyword: Connecticut River
Place_Keyword: New Haven
Place_Keyword: Old Saybrook
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Coastal Services Center (CSC)
Contact_Position: CEM Project Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue
City: Charleston
State_or_Province: South Carolina
Postal_Code: 29405
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (843) 740-1200
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tcm@csc.noaa.gov
Data_Set_Credit: This data set was developed for the NOAA CSC by Woolpert.
Security_Information:
Security_Classification_System: US DOD
Security_Classification: Unclassified
Security_Handling_Description:
Information Unclassified with release control provided by NOAA/Coastal Services Center
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
All LAS formatted LIDAR data are validated using commercial GIS software to ensure proper formatting and loading before delivery. This validation procedure ensures that data on delivery media is in correct physical format and is readable.
Completeness_Report:
LIDAR raster data is visually inspected for completeness to ensure that any gaps between flight lines or loss of signal represents less than 5% of required collection area. Areas of open water where loss of LIDAR signal is common are corrected to the best estimate of water level at time of collection. LIDAR is self-illuminating and has minimal cloud penetration capability. Water vapor in steam plumes or particulates in smoke may cause reflection of LIDAR signals and loss of elevation information beneath these plumes. Glass structures and roofs may appear transparent to the LIDAR signal and therefore may not register on the reflective surface. Some asphalt formulations have been shown to absorb topographic LIDAR wavelength energy resulting in "pitting" of roof surfaces using this material.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Horizontal accuracy can be characterized by the rule of thumb of 1/2000th of flying height or roughly 0.5 meters for this collect. Spot checks in the field routinely are measured at 1/4000th of flying height but are not formally characterized.
Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.5
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Accuracy units - meters
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The vertical accuracy was tested following the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy. Based on a total of 22 points the average error between the bare earth LiDAR coverage and the control was 0.002 m with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.057 m.
Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.002
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation:
Average error between Bare Earth LiDAR coverage and control. Accuracy units - meters
Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.057
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) Accuracy units - meters
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Woolpert LLP
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: LiDAR data collection
Other_Citation_Details:
Type of Scanner = LH Systems ALS50 Data Acquisition Height = 3,000-feet AGL Scanner Field Of View = 40 degrees Scan_Frequency = 36 Hertz Pulse Repetition Rate - 52.3 Kilohertz Aircraft Speed = 130 KIAS Swath Width = +/- 20 degrees Nominal Ground Sample Distance = 3.0-feet Number of Returns per Pulse = 2 (first and last) Distance between Flight Lines = 1,529-feet
Source_Scale_Denominator: 3000
Type_of_Source_Media: DVD-ROM
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20041008
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: LIDAR
Source_Contribution: Raw spatial elevation information
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Woolpert LLP
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: Collection System Calibration
Other_Citation_Details:
The ALS50 calibration and system performance is verified on a periodic basis using Woolpert's calibration range. The calibration range consists of a large building and runway. The edges of the building and control points along the runway have been located using conventional survey methods. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) misalignment angles and horizontal accuracy are calculated by comparing the position of the building edges between opposing flight lines. The scanner scale factor and vertical accuracy is calculated through comparison of LiDAR data against control points along the runway. Field calibration is performed on all flight lines to refine the IMU misalignment angles. IMU misalignment angles are calculated from the relative displacement of features within the overlap region of adjacent (and opposing) flight lines. The raw LiDAR data is reduced using the refined misalignment angles.
Type_of_Source_Media: Validation Report
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: Unknown
Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Calibration
Source_Contribution:
Minimizes horizontal error caused by IMU mis-alignment by checking over known range and by comparing positional results from adjacent flight lines to compute error adjustment function.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Data Collection: Using a LH Systems ALS50 Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) system, 41 flight lines of high density (submeter ground sample distance) data were collected over areas in coastal Connecticut (approximately 300 square kilometers). Two returns were recorded for each laser pulse along with an intensity value for each return. The data acquisition occurred in one (1) mission on October 8, 2004. Three (3) airborne global positioning system (GPS) base stations were used to support the LiDAR data acquisition: Moriches 1 continuously operating reference station (CORS) ARP, NGS point P36, and one station Woolpert located using static GPS positioning methods, Madison CP. In addition, twenty-two control points were surveyed through fast-static GPS methods to support the final accuracy analysis and tied into the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) points Moriches CORS and P36.
Process_Date: 200410
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Airborne GPS Processing: Airborne GPS data was differentially processed and integrated with the post processed IMU data to derive a smoothed best estimate of trajectory (SBET). The SBET was used to reduce the LiDAR slant range measurements to a raw reflective surface for each flight line. The overlap between flight lines was removed to provide a homogeneous coverage, and the coverage was classified to extract a bare earth digital elevation model (DEM). Airborne GPS is differentially processed using the GrafNAV V4.10 software by Waypoint Consulting of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The PDOP and distance separation is as follows: P36: Maximum PDOP = 3.58 (maximum) Average Distance Separation: 17 km Madison CP: Maximum PDOP = 3.58 (maximum) Average Distance Separation: 19 km IMU data is processed using the PosPac V4.2 software by Applanix Corporation of Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. The reflective surface is derived using the ALS Post Processor software by Leica Geosystems GIS & Mapping Division of Atlanta, Georgia. The classification and quality control (QC) of LiDAR data is carried out using a combination of proprietary software and TerraScan software by Terrasolid Limited of Helsinki, Finland. Two (2) coverages were delivered in the LAS file format: bare-earth and above ground features.
Process_Date: 200411
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
IMU data Processing: IMU data provides information concerning roll, pitch and yaw of collection platform during collection event. IMU information allows the pulse vector to be properly placed in 3D space allowing the distance from the aircraft reference point to be properly positioned on the elevation model surface. IMU data is processed using the PosPac V4.2 software by Applanix Corporation of Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada.
Process_Date: 200411
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Reflective Surface Generation: The reflective surface is derived using the ALS Post Processor software by Leica Geosystems GIS & Mapping Division of Atlanta, Georgia.
Process_Date: 200411
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
LIDAR Point Classification The classification and quality control (QC) of LiDAR data is carried out using a combination of proprietary software and TerraScan software by Terrasolid Limited of Helsinki, Finland.
Process_Date: 200412
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Output LAS Files Random LIDAR points maintained in UTM coordinate system converted to Geographic projection with units of Decimal Degrees
Process_Date: 200501
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Transfer to delivery media: Data is transferred from hard-disk to DVD delivery media using a Primera Bravo DVD/CDROM disc publishing hardware.
Process_Date: 200501
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The NOAA Coastal Services Center (CSC) received files in LAS format. The files contained LiDAR intensity and elevation measurements. CSC performed the following processing on the data to make it available within the LiDAR Data Retrieval Tool (LDART): 1. The las files were converted from State Plane coordinates to Geographic coordinates. 2. The las header fields were sorted by latitude and updated.
Process_Date: 20060927
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Coastal Services Center (CSC)
Contact_Position: CEM Project Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue
City: Charleston
State_or_Province: South Carolina
Postal_Code: 29405
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (843) 740-1200
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
For data management purposes, the Coastal Services Center (CSC) converted the data from NAVD88 heights to ellipsoid heights using Geoid 03.
Process_Date: 200801
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Coastal Services Center (CSC)
Contact_Position: CEM Project Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue
City: Charleston
State_or_Province: South Carolina
Postal_Code: 29405
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (843) 740-1200
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tcm@csc.noaa.gov
Cloud_Cover: Unknown
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 3.77269659235446e-08
Longitude_Resolution: 2.83197892548575e-08
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Datum_Name: Ellipsoid
Altitude_Resolution: 0.01
Altitude_Distance_Units: Meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Coastal Services Center (CSC)
Contact_Position: CEM Project Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue
City: Charleston
State_or_Province: SC
Postal_Code: 29405-2413
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 843-740-1200
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tcm@csc.noaa.gov
Resource_Description: Downloadable data
Distribution_Liability:
Any conclusions drawn for the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, the Coastal Services Center or its partners.
Custom_Order_Process:
This data can be obtained on-line at the following URL: <http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart>.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20050218
Metadata_Review_Date: 20080221
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Coastal Services Center (CSC)
Contact_Position: CEM Project Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue
City: Charleston
State_or_Province: SC
Postal_Code: 29405-2413
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 843-740-1200
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tcm@csc.noaa.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Generated by mp version 2.9.1 on Thu May 22 08:36:04 2008