Up: Main Previous: Acknowledgements

Bibliography

1
Demorieux, J.-M., L'incendie du tunnel sous la Manche. II. Diagnostic des dommages et inventaire des donnees necessaires a la mise au point du projet de reparation, Annales du Batiment et des Travaux Publics. 43-65, Sept. 1998.

2
Phan, L.T., Fire performance of high-strength concrete: A report of the state-of-the-art, NISTIR 5934, U.S. Department of Commerce, December 1996.

3
Tsimbrovska, M., Degradation des betons a hautes performances soumis a des temperatures elevees: Evolution de la permeabilite en liaison avec la microstructure. Ph. D. Thesis, L'Universite Joseph Fourier, 1998.

4
Bilodeau, A., Malhotra, V.M., and Hoff, C., Hydrocarbon fire resistance of high-strength normal-weight and lightweight concretes incorporating polypropylene fibers. in Proceedings of the International Symposium on High-Performance and Reactive Powder Concretes Ed. P.C. Aitcin, 271-296, 1998.

5
Phan, L.T., Carino, N.J., Duthinh, D., and Garboczi, E.J., International workshop on fire performance of high-strength concrete. NIST Special Publication 919, U.S. Department of Commerce, Sept. 1997.

6
Consolazio, G.R., McVay, M.C., and Rish, J.W., Measurement and prediction of pore pressures in saturated cement mortar subjected to radiant heating. ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 95 No. 5, 525-536, 1998.

7
Atlassi, E., A quantitative thermogravimetric study on the nonevaporable water in mature silica fume concrete. Ph. D. thesis, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 1993.

8
Smith, J.M., and Van Ness, H.C., Introduction to Chemical Engineering
Thermodynamics (McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1975).

9
Young, J.F., A review of the pore structure of cement paste and concrete and its influence on permeability. in Permeability of Concrete, ACI SP 108, Eds. D. Whiting and A. Walitt (ACI, Detroit, 1988) pp. 1-18.

10
Winslow, D.N., Cohen, M.D., Bentz, D.P., Snyder, K.A., and Garboczi, E.J., Percolation and pore structure in mortars and concretes. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 24, 25-37, 1994.

11
Rashed, A.I., and Williamson, R.B., Microstructure of entrained air voids in concrete, Part I, Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 6, 2004-2012, 1991.

12
Scrivener, K.L., and Nemati, K.M., The percolation of pore space in the cement paste/aggregate interfacial zone of concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 26. No. 1, 35-40, 1996.

13
Vivekanandam, K., and Patnaikuni, I., Transition zone in high performance concrete during hydration. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 27. No. 6, 817-823, 1997.

14
Scrivener, K.L., Bentur, A., and Pratt, P.L., Quantitative characterization of the transition zone in high strength concretes. Advances in Cement Research, Vol. 1. No. 4, 230-237, 1988.

15
Zayed, A.M., The nature of the concrete-steel rebar interface in plain and silica fume concrete. Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., Vol. 245, 341-347, 1992.

16
Monteiro, P.J.M., Gjorv, O.E., and Mehta, P.K., Effect of condensed silica fume on the steel-cement paste transition zone. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 19, 114-123, 1989.

17
Bentz, D.P., Stutzman, P.E., and Garboczi, E.J., Experimental and simulation studies of the interfacial zone in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 22, 891-902, 1992.

18
Gjorv, O.E., Monteiro, P.J.M., and Mehta, P.K., Effect of condensed silica fume on the steel-concrete bond. ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 87. No. 6, 573-580, 1990.

19
Sanjayan, G., and Stocks, L.J., Spalling of high-strength silica fume concrete in fire. ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 90, No. 2, 170-173, 1993.

20
Shirley, S.T., Burg, R.G., and Fiorato, A.E., Fire endurance of high-strength concrete slabs. ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 85, 102-108, 1988.

21
Toutanji, H., McNeil, S., and Bayasi, Z., Chloride permeability and impact resistance of polypropylene-fiber-reinforced silica fume concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 28. No. 7, 961-968, 1998.

22
Alonso, C., Andrade, C., and Menendez, E., Evolucion microestructural de hormigones de altas y ultra altas resistences a elevadas temperaturas, presented at I Congreso de ACHE, Seville, Spain, Nov. 1999.

23
Frohnsdorff, G.F., Partnership for high-performance concrete. in Proceedings of the International Symposium on High-Performance and Reactive Powder Concretes Ed. P.C. Aitcin, 51-73, 1998, Web site at http://titan.cbt.nist.gov/.

24
Hammersley, J.M., Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc., Vol. 53, 642, 1957.

25
Stauffer, D., and Aharony, A., Introduction to Percolation Theory, 2nd ed. (Taylor and Francis, London, 1992).

26
Garboczi, E.J., and Bentz, D.P., The microstructure of portland cement-based materials: computer simulation and percolation theory. Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., Vol. 529, 89-100, 1998.

27
Powers, T.C. Capillary continuity or discontinuity in cement pastes. PCA Bulletin, No. 10, 2-12, 1959.

28
Bentz, D.P., and Garboczi, E.J. Percolation of phases in a three-dimensional cement paste microstructural model. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 21, 324-44, 1991.

29
Geiker, M., Studies of portland cement hydration: measurements of chemical shrinkage and a systematic evaluation of hydration curves by means of the dispersion model. Ph. D. Thesis, Technical University of Denmark, 1983.

30
Bentz, D.P., Three-dimensional computer simulation of portland cement hydration and microstructure development. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 80, No. 1, 3-21, 1997.

31
Bentz D.P., and Haecker, C.J., An argument for using coarse cements in high performance concretes, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, 615-618, 1999.

32
Torquato, S., J. Chem. Phys., Vol. 85, 6248, 1986.

33
Garboczi, E.J., Snyder, K.A., Douglas, J.F., and Thorpe, M.F., Geometrical percolation threshold of overlapping ellipsoids. Physical Review E, Vol. 52. 819-828, 1995.

34
Bentz, D.P., Garboczi, E.J., and Snyder, K.A., A hard core/soft shell microstructural model for studying percolation and transport in three-dimensional composite media. NISTIR 6265, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1999.

35
Bentz, D.P., Garboczi, E.J., and Lagergren, E.S., Multi-scale microstructural modelling of concrete diffusivity: identification of significant variables. Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates, Vol. 20. No. 1, 129-139, 1998.

36
Garboczi, E.J., Schwartz, L.M., and Bentz, D.P., Modelling the influence of the interfacial zone on the D.C. electrical conductivity of mortar. Advanced Cement-Based Materials, Vol. 2, 169-181, 1995.

37
Bentz, D.P., Hwang, J.T.G., Hagwood, C., Garboczi, E.J., Snyder, K.A., Buenfeld, N., and Scrivener, K.L., Interfacial zone percolation in concrete: effects of interfacial zone thickness and aggregate shape. Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., Vol. 370, 437-442, 1995.

38
ASTM C33. Standard specification for concrete aggregates. Annual Book of ASTM
Standards, Vol. 04.02 (American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA) 1997.

39
Zhang, M.H., and Gjorv, O.E., Microstructure of the interfacial zone between lightweight aggregate and cement paste. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 20, 610-618, 1990.

40
Snyder, K.A., A numerical test of air-void spacing equations. Advanced Cement-Based Materials, Vol. 8, 28-44, 1998.

41
Degradation and Stabilization of Polymers Ed. H.H.G. Jellinek (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1983).

42
Rodriguez, F., Principles of Polymer Systems (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1982).

43
Chen, I.J., and Bogue, D.C., Time-dependent stress in polymer melts and review of viscoelastic theory. Transaction of the Society of Rheology, Vol. 16 (1), 59-78, 1972.

44
Bentz, D.P., Schlangen, E., and Garboczi, E.J., Computer simulations of interfacial zone microstructure and its effect on the properties of cement-based composites. in Materials Science of Concrete IV, Eds. J.P. Skalny and S. Mindess (The American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 1995) pp. 155-199.

45
ACI Committee 211, Guide for selecting proportions for high-strength concrete with portland cement and fly ash (ACI 211.4R-93). (ACI, Detroit, MI, 1993).

46
Bentz, D.P., Clifton, J.R., and Snyder, K.A., Predicting service life of chloride-exposed steel-reinforced concrete, Concrete International, Vol. 18 No. 12, 42-47, 1996.

47
Weber, S., and Reinhardt, H., A blend of aggregates to support curing of concrete, Proc. Int. Symp. Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, Eds. I. Holand, T.A. Hammer, and F. Fluje, Sandefjord, Norway, 662-671, 1995.

48
Bentur, A., Igarashi, S, and Kovler, K., Internal curing of high strength concrete to prevent autogenous shrinkage and internal stresses by use of wet lightweight aggregates, accepted for publication in Cement and Concrete Research, 1999.

49
Bentur, A., Igarashi, S., and Kovler, K., Control of autogenous shrinkage stresses and cracking in high strength concretes, accepted for publication in 5th Int Symp on Utilization of High Strength/Performance Concrete, Norway, 1999.

50
Bentz, D.P., and Snyder, K.A., Protected paste volume in concrete: extension to internal curing using saturated lightweight fine aggregate, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, 1863-1867, 1999.