Agricultural Chemical Usage The 2006 Vegetable Chemical Usage Report includes farm use of pesticides for 23 targeted vegetable crops in 19 major States. The crops surveyed in Michigan were asparagus, snap beans for processing, carrots for fresh market and processing, sweet corn for fresh market, cucumbers for fresh market and processing, pumpkins, and squash. Chemical use information for fruit is collected in odd numbered years, while vegetable information is collected in even numbered years. Information in this report is provided from a survey funded by the USDA Pesticide Data Program. The purpose of the Pesticide Data Program is to provide reliable pesticide use statistics and to enhance the quality of information on pesticide residues in food. Multiple agencies within the USDA administer this program. This data series addresses the increased public interest in agricultural chemical use and provides the means for government agencies to respond effectively to food safety and water quality issues. The entire series of chemical usage statistics since 1990 for Michigan and the U.S. can be found on the NASS website at www.nass.usda.gov. The common name and trade name for the active ingredients in the tables can be found on page 347 of the Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables publication which was released on July 25, 2007 or on page 116 of the Agricultural Chemical Usage - Field Crops publication which was released on May 16, 2007. Asparagus: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : 2,4-D, dimeth. salt : 8 1.2 0.97 1.169 1.2 Diuron : 89 1.5 1.263 1.87 20.2 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 5 1 0.272 0.272 0.2 Glyphosate iso. salt : 89 1.6 0.798 1.254 13.6 Metribuzin : 72 1.3 0.419 0.543 4.8 Paraquat : 13 1.2 0.588 0.688 1.1 Sulfentrazone : 36 1.1 0.194 0.217 0.9 Terbacil : 3 1 0.359 0.359 0.1 : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 88 3.3 0.618 2.041 21.9 Permethrin : 59 2.8 0.105 0.291 2.1 : Fungicides : Chlorothalonil : 77 2.7 1.49 3.974 37.5 Mancozeb : 38 2.2 1.36 2.985 13.7 Tebuconazole : 16 1.3 0.11 0.143 0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 12,200 acres. Snap Beans, Processing: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Bentazon : 58 1 0.515 0.515 5.7 EPTC : 27 1 2.283 2.283 11.7 Fomesafen : 43 1 0.175 0.177 1.4 Glyphosate iso. salt : 13 1 0.747 0.77 2 S-Metolachlor : 39 1 0.859 0.859 6.3 Trifluralin : 37 1 0.579 0.579 4.1 : Insecticides : Acephate : 54 1.9 0.598 1.108 11.4 Carbaryl : 16 3.2 0.919 2.916 8.7 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 8 1.6 0.019 0.031 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 19,000 acres. 2/ Total applied was less than 50 lbs. Michigan Agricultural Statistics 2006-2007 Carrots, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Clethodim : 45 1.5 0.12 0.184 0.2 Linuron : 83 2.4 0.567 1.335 3.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 2,900 acres. Carrots, Processing: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Fungicides : Chlorothalonil : 100 3.4 1.327 4.491 8.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 1,800 acres. Sweet Corn, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : 2,4-D, dimeth. salt : 2 1 0.545 0.545 0.1 Alachlor : 15 1.1 2.082 2.193 2.9 Atrazine : 73 1.1 1.259 1.336 8.8 Bentazon : 9 1.3 0.491 0.632 0.5 Glyphosate iso. salt : 1 1 1.102 1.102 0.1 Mesotrione : 8 1 0.133 0.133 0.1 Pendimethalin : 12 1 1.096 1.096 1.2 S-Metolachlor : 54 1 1.412 1.415 6.9 : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 3 3.4 1.104 3.735 1 Chlorpyrifos : 18 1 0.229 0.229 0.4 Cyfluthrin : 9 1.6 0.027 0.043 2/ Esfenvalerate : 27 3.2 0.038 0.12 0.3 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 44 2.7 0.026 0.07 0.3 Methomyl : 32 2.3 0.44 1.017 2.9 Permethrin : 3 1.9 0.166 0.316 0.1 Thiodicarb : 13 2.3 0.651 1.505 1.8 Zeta-cypermethrin : 6 1.6 0.021 0.033 2/ : Fungicides : Chlorothalonil : 1 2.3 2.121 4.955 0.6 Propiconazole : 6 1.3 0.077 0.102 0.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 9,000 acres. 2/ Total applied was less than 50 lbs. Michigan Agricultural Statistics 2006-2007 Cucumbers, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Clomazone : 23 1 0.818 0.818 1.1 Ethalfluralin : 57 1 0.858 0.858 2.7 Glyphosate iso. salt : 2 1 1.106 1.106 0.1 S-Metolachlor : 24 1 1.576 1.576 2.1 Trifluralin : 2/ 1 0.608 0.608 3/ : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 1 1.1 0.97 1.038 3/ Endosulfan : 14 1.2 0.559 0.658 0.5 Esfenvalerate : 33 3.2 0.037 0.119 0.2 Methomyl : 18 2.4 0.643 1.525 1.5 Pyrethrins : 2/ 2 0.032 0.062 3/ : Fungicides : Azoxystrobin : 3 1.1 0.191 0.202 3/ Chlorothalonil : 73 5.4 2.102 11.382 46.4 Copper hydroxide : 73 5.2 0.583 3.005 12.3 Cymoxanil : 72 2.5 0.125 0.311 1.3 Famoxadone : 72 2.5 0.125 0.31 1.3 Mancozeb : 13 5.2 2.213 11.409 8.4 Myclobutanil : 18 1.9 0.098 0.182 0.2 Propamocarb hydroch. : 73 3.9 0.771 2.989 12.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 5,600 acres. 2/ Area applied was less than 0.5 percent. 3/ Total applied was less than 50 lbs. Cucumbers, Pickles: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Clomazone : 61 1.1 0.119 0.128 2.7 Ethalfluralin : 78 1.1 0.558 0.591 15.7 Halosulfuron : 38 1 0.034 0.034 0.4 Sethoxydim : 5 1 0.653 0.653 1 : Insecticides : Esfenvalerate : 18 1.1 0.037 0.04 0.2 : Fungicides : Chlorothalonil : 71 2.1 1.086 2.286 54.9 Copper hydroxide : 3 2.6 0.589 1.536 1.4 Cymoxanil : 67 1.8 0.106 0.188 4.3 Famoxadone : 67 1.8 0.106 0.188 4.3 Mancozeb : 65 2.3 1.54 3.529 78.6 Propamocarb hydroch. : 78 2 0.72 1.464 39 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 34,000 acres. Michigan Agricultural Statistics 2006-2007 Pumpkins: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Clomazone : 45 1 0.343 0.345 1 Ethalfluralin : 48 1 0.773 0.773 2.3 Glyphosate iso. salt : 15 1.1 0.87 0.927 0.9 : Insecticides : Bifenthrin : 4 2 0.067 0.134 2/ Carbaryl : 18 1.8 0.831 1.517 1.7 Endosulfan : 17 2.2 0.718 1.563 1.7 Esfenvalerate : 19 2.9 0.035 0.102 0.1 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 6 3.1 0.023 0.071 2/ : Fungicides : Azoxystrobin : 8 2.2 0.112 0.246 0.1 Chlorothalonil : 50 3.3 1.714 5.742 17.9 Copper hydroxide : 38 3.1 0.855 2.65 6.2 Cymoxanil : 15 1.7 0.125 0.218 0.2 Famoxadone : 15 1.7 0.125 0.218 0.2 Mancozeb : 7 1.9 1.272 2.42 1.1 Mefenoxam : 2 2.3 0.163 0.375 2/ Propamocarb hydroch. : 19 3 0.999 2.965 3.5 Thiophanate-methyl : 11 2 0.308 0.629 0.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 6,200 acres. 2/ Total applied was less than 50 lbs. Squash: Agricultural chemical applications, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Clomazone : 37 1 0.328 0.336 1.1 Ethalfluralin : 62 1 0.791 0.791 4.3 Glyphosate iso. salt : 5 1 0.881 0.918 0.4 Halosulfuron : 17 1 0.026 0.026 2/ S-Metolachlor : 8 1 1.639 1.639 1.2 : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 31 1.9 0.764 1.415 3.8 Endosulfan : 9 2.1 0.619 1.308 1 Esfenvalerate : 28 2.9 0.035 0.102 0.2 Imidacloprid : 2 1.5 0.124 0.189 2/ Lambda-cyhalothrin : 3/ 1.1 0.02 0.022 2/ Permethrin : 19 2.3 0.152 0.348 0.6 Pyrethrins : 3/ 1.3 0.022 0.029 2/ : Fungicides : Azoxystrobin : 1 1.2 0.184 0.223 2/ Basic copper sulfate : 7 4.1 0.332 1.349 0.9 Chlorothalonil : 71 3.1 1.519 4.647 28.6 Copper hydroxide : 39 4.4 0.409 1.799 6.1 Cymoxanil : 25 2 0.124 0.25 0.6 Famoxadone : 25 2 0.124 0.249 0.5 Mancozeb : 6 2.4 1.61 3.783 1.9 Maneb : 7 2.9 1.037 2.979 1.8 Myclobutanil : 11 1.7 0.091 0.151 0.1 Propamocarb hydroch. : 19 4.3 0.753 3.213 5.4 Pyraclostrobin : 14 1.1 0.139 0.147 0.2 Thiophanate-methyl : 8 2.1 0.294 0.612 0.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 8,700 acres. 2/ Total applied was less than 50 lbs. 3/ Area applied was less than 0.5 percent. Michigan Agricultural Statistics 2006-2007 Fertilizer applications: Soybeans, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Fertilizer :Symbol: applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent Number Pounds per acre Million pounds : : Nitrogen : N : 28 1.2 9 11 5.9 Phosphate : P2O5 : 28 1.2 30 35 19.5 Potash : K2O : 56 1.2 75 87 96.7 Sulfur : S : 3 1.0 3 3 0.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 2.0 million acres. Agricultural chemical applications: Soybeans, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds : Herbicides : Glyphosate : 6 1.3 0.716 0.898 107 Glyphosate iso. salt: 91 1.4 0.846 1.169 2,128 Imazethapyr : 2 1.0 0.059 0.059 3 Pendimethalin : 3 1.0 0.871 0.871 57 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 2.0 million acres. Fertilizer applications: Winter wheat, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Fertilizer :Symbol: applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent Number Pounds per acre Million pounds : : Nitrogen : N : 98 2.0 46 89 57.6 Phosphate : P2O5 : 74 1.0 44 46 22.2 Potash : K2O : 85 1.0 59 61 33.9 Sulfur : S : 37 1.3 10 12 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 660,000 acres. Agricultural chemical applications: Winter wheat, 2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultrual : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds : Herbicides : 2,4-D, 2-EHE : 23 1.0 0.438 0.438 67 2,4-D, dimeth. salt : 11 1.0 0.585 0.585 41 Prosulfuron : 2 1.0 0.016 0.016 2/ Thifensulfuron : 29 1.0 0.017 0.017 3 Tribenuron-methyl : 29 1.0 0.006 0.006 1 : Fungicides : Azoxystrobin : 3 1.0 0.043 0.043 1 Propiconazole : 10 1.0 0.078 0.078 5 Pyraclostrobin : 8 1.0 0.082 0.082 4 Tebuconazole : 9 1.0 0.106 0.106 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 2006 were 660,000 acres. 2/ Total applied is less than 500 lbs. Michigan Agricultural Statistics 2006-2007 Commercial fertilizer consumption: 2002-2006 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Year ending June 30 Item :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Short tons : Primary plant nutrients : Total N : 240,680 238,296 264,850 253,433 232,710 N in multi-nutrients : 55,048 60,449 60,405 57,559 58,308 Total P2O5 : 84,734 85,485 94,352 82,885 85,746 P2O5 in multi-nutrients : 82,377 83,193 92,225 81,187 83,841 Total K2O : 189,200 189,463 210,479 189,432 163,523 K2O in multi-nurtrients : 41,924 45,298 46,989 41,926 36,883 Total plant nutrients : 514,615 513,243 569,680 525,751 481,979 Average analysis : 43.1 40.1 41.1 37.7 41.3 Total nutrients in multi-nutrients : 179,349 188,940 199,620 180,673 179,031 : Selected single-nutrient materials : Ammonium nitrate : 5,405 7,856 6,619 7,501 5,168 Anhydrous ammonia : 52,766 39,235 43,551 50,071 33,759 Nitrogen solutions : 284,355 285,787 323,712 301,868 279,293 Urea : 107,305 107,854 132,493 108,090 107,941 Ammonium sulfate : 23,569 25,294 30,376 36,660 30,254 Concentrated superphosphate : 4,984 4,515 4,139 3,716 4,189 Potassium chloride : 236,720 231,668 259,011 234,700 203,398 : Multiple-nutrient fertilizers : N-P-K : 334,670 265,924 294,691 227,081 245,713 N-P : 129,900 133,062 142,136 134,719 143,185 N-K : 27,096 34,853 33,024 44,437 56,456 P-K : 3,831 2,828 3,129 2,926 2,536 : Leading multiple-nutrient grades : 10-34-0 : 44,303 46,717 50,860 37,026 47,687 18-46-0 : 36,672 37,149 35,938 38,902 39,534 11-52-0 : 24,636 25,865 34,428 35,776 35,295 28-3-3 : 7,761 7,654 7,357 6,951 12,504 19-19-19 : 13,989 12,709 16,547 13,756 11,670 4-10-10 : 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 7,347 : Fertilizer consumption by classes : Dry bulk single-nutrient : 392,966 443,887 472,774 430,495 380,147 Dry bagged single-nutrient : 23,385 40,127 35,943 19,815 18,688 Fluid single-nutrient : 339,295 343,115 373,002 362,722 319,143 Dry bulk multiple-nutrient : 223,668 231,005 248,576 202,878 214,164 Dry bagged multiple-nutrient : 187,396 132,037 150,598 137,291 145,636 Fluid multiple-nutrient : 84,433 73,625 73,805 68,993 88,090 Organics, secondary and micronutrients : 31,883 84,679 60,845 58,519 148,112 : Total : 1,283,026 1,348,475 1,415,544 1,280,715 1,313,980 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Source: The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials Michigan Agricultural Statistics 2006-2007