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Piping Plover Atlantic Coast Population


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References


Introduction:

This list of references relating the the piping plover (Charadrius melodus) was adapted from the Literature Cited section of the "Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus), Atlantic Coast Population, Revised Recovery Plan," U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1996, Hadley, Massachusetts, 258 pp. Items published subsequent to the release of the Revised Recovery Plan have been added, and are marked with an asterisk (*). Use the keys Control+F (Ctrl+F) to search for a particular word, such as author, title, date; or search for asterisks to locate newer references.


References:

Allee, W.C. 1931. Animal aggregations: A study in general sociology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Allee, W.C., A.E. Emerson, O. Park, T. Park, and K.P. Schmidt. 1949. Principles of animal ecology. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

American Birds. 1987. 41(4): 1321.

American Birds. 1990. 44(4): 1013.

American Ornithologists' Union. 1945. Twentieth supplement to the checklist of North American birds. Auk 62: 436-449.

American Ornithologists' Union. 1957. Checklist of North American birds. 5th edition. Baltimore, Maryland. 691 pp.

American Ornithologists' Union. 1983. Checklist of North American birds. 6th edition. Lawrence, Kansas. 877 pp.

Atlantic Canada Piping Plover Recovery Team. 1992. Minutes of the 5th Atlantic Canada Piping Plover Recovery Team Meeting, November 9 and 10, 1992. Canadian Wildlife Service, Sackville, New Brunswick. 5 pp.

Atlantic Canada Piping Plover Recovery Team. 1993. Minutes of the Atlantic Piping Plover Recovery Team Meeting, November 9 and 10, 1993. Canadian Wildlife Service. Sackville, New Brunswick. 8 pp.

Barbour, R.W., C.T. Peterson, D. Rust, H.G. Shadowen, and A.J. Whitt, Jr. 1973. Kentucky Birds. University Press of Kentucky, Lexington.

Barrowclough, G.F. and S.L. Coats. 1985. The demography and population genetics of owls, with special reference to the conservation of the spotted owl (Strix occidentalis). Pages 74-83 in R.J. Gutierrez and A.B. Carey (eds.), Ecology and management of the spotted owl in the Pacific Northwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-185. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon.

Begon, M. and M. Mortimer. 1986. Population Ecology. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, Massachusetts.

Belovsky, G.E. 1987. Extinction models and mammalian persistence. Pp. 35-37 in M.E. Soulé (ed.), Viable populations for conservation. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York.

Bent, A.C. 1929. Life histories of North American Shorebirds. U.S. Natural Museum Bulletin 146:236-246.

Bergstrom, P.W. 1991. Incubation temperatures of Wilson's plovers and killdeers. Condor 91: 634-641.

Blodget, B.G. 1990. People, beaches and birds: the piping plover story. Massachusetts Wildlife. Pp. 18-25.

Boates, J.S., P. Austin-Smith, G. Dickie, R. Williams, and D. Sam. 1994. Nova Scotia Piping Plover Atlas. Kentville, Nova Scotia. 86 pp.

Bottitta, G.E., L. Herbeck, W. Hulslander, and J. Kumer. 1993. Management and monitoring of the piping plover at Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland. Unpublished report. Assateague Island National Seashore, Berlin, Maryland. 69 pp.

Bottitta, G.E., J. Kumer, G.S. Schumaker, and K. Hommerbocker. 1994. Management and monitoring of the piping plover at Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland. Unpublished report. Assateague Island National Seashore, Berlin, Maryland. 45 pp.

Brown, J.M. and E.M. Hoopes. 1993. Breeding ecology of piping plovers in Cape Cod National Seashore. South Wellfleet, Massachusetts. 11 pp. and appendix.

Bull, J. 1964. The birds of the New York area. Reprinted by Dover Publications in 1975. Pp. 185-186.

Burger, J. 1987a. Physical and social determinants of nest site selection in piping plover in New Jersey. Condor 98: 811-818.

Burger, J. 1987b. New Jersey endangered beach-nesting bird project: 1986 research. Unpublished report. New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Trenton, New Jersey. 37 pp.

Burger, J. 1991. Foraging behavior and the effect of human disturbance on the piping plover (Charadrius melodus). Journal of Coastal Research 7: 39-52.

Burger, J. 1994. The effect of human disturbance on foraging behavior and habitat use in piping plover (Charadrius melodus). Estuaries 17(3): 695-701.

Cairns, W.E. 1977. Breeding biology and behaviour of the piping plover Charadrius melodus in southern Nova Scotia. M.S. Thesis. Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia. 115 pp.

Cairns, W.E. 1982. Biology and behavior of breeding piping plovers. Wilson Bulletin 94: 531-545.

Cairns, W.E. and I.A. McLaren. 1980. Status of the piping plover on the east coast of North America. American Birds 34: 206-208.

Canadian Wildlife Service. 1989. Canadian piping plover recovery plan. Ontario, Canada. 18 pp.

Canadian Wildlife Service. 1994. The 1991 international piping plover census in Canada. S.P. Fleming (ed.). Ontario, Canada. 59 pp.

Cape Cod National Seashore. 1993. Piping plover nest found trampled by pedestrian. News release. Cape Cod National Seashore, South Wellfleet, Massachusetts. 2 pp.

Cartar, R. 1976. The status of the piping plover at Long Point, Ontario, 1966-1975. Ontario Field Biologist 30:42-45.

Carter, D. 1988. 1988 survey of the breeding status of the piping plover in North Carolina. Unpublished draft report. 6 pp.

Cashin Associates, P.C. 1993. The environmental impacts of barrier island breaching with particular focus on the south shore of Long Island, New York. Prepared for State of New York, Division of Coastal Resources and Waterfront Revitalization, Albany, New York. 44 pp. and appendix.

Coastal Barriers Study Group. 1987. Draft report to Congress: Coastal barrier resources system. Executive summary. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 25 pp.

Coastal Barriers Task Force. 1983. Final environmental impact statement: Undeveloped coastal barriers. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C.

Collazo, J.A., J.R. Walters, and J.F. Parnell. 1994. Factors affecting reproduction and migration of waterbirds on North Carolina Barrier Islands. 1993 annual progress report. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina. 57 pp.

Collazo, J.A., J.R. Walters, and J.F. Parnell. 1995. Factors affecting reproduction and migration of waterbirds on North Carolina barrier islands. Final report to the National Park Service, Cape Hatteras and Cape Lookout National Seashores.

Coutu, S.D., J.D. Fraser, J.L. McConnaughy, and J.P. Loegering. 1990. Piping plover distribution and reproductive success on Cape Hatteras National Seashore. Unpublished report to the National Park Service. 67 pp.

Cross, R.R. 1988. Report of piping plover research activities on Metompkin Island. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia. 23 pp.

Cross, R.R. 1989. Monitoring, management and research of the piping plover at Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge. Unpublished report. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia. 80 pp.

Cross, R.R. 1990. Monitoring, management and research of the piping plover at Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge. Unpublished report. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia. 68 pp.

Cross, R.R. 1991. Monitoring, management, and research of the piping plover at Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge. Unpublished report. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia. 76 pp.

Cross, R.R. 1992. Research Proposal: Conditioned taste aversion: A field test on piping plover egg predators. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia. 14 pp.

Cross, R.R. 1993. Protection of piping plover (Charadrius melodus) eggs and chicks from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) through the artificial establishment of coyote (Canis latrans) home ranges. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia. 14 pp.

* Cross, R.R. 1996. Breeding ecology, success, and population management of the piping plover at Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge, Virginia. M.S. thesis. College of William and Mary, Virginia. 214 pp.

Cross, R.R. and K. Terwilliger. 1993. Piping plover flushing distances recorded in annual surveys in Virginia 1986-1991. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia. 5 pp.

Deblinger, R.D., J.J. Vaske, and D.W. Rimmer. 1992. An evaluation of different predator exclosures used to protect Atlantic coast piping plover nests. Wildlife Society Bulletin 20: 274-279.

Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. 1990. Delaware piping plover management plan. Dover, Delaware. 5 pp.

Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. 1993. Cape Henlopen State Park beach management plan: 1993. Dover, Delaware. 5 pp.

Dougherty, S. and K. Motivans. Undated. The Long Island piping plover and tern protection program: A manual for plover/tern stewards and volunteers. The Nature Conservancy, Long Island, New York. 24 pp.

Downer, R.H, and C.E. Leibelt. 1990. 1989 Long Island colonial waterbird and piping plover survey. Research report of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Stony Brook, New York. 200 pp.

Drury, W. H. 1973. Population changes in New England seabirds. Bird Banding 44: 267-313.

Ducey-Ortiz, A.M., T.S. Litwin and D.C. MacLean. 1989. 1988 Long Island colonial waterbird and piping plover survey. Unpublished report. Seatuck Research Program, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Islip, New York. 8 pp.

Eddings, K.J., and S.M. Melvin. 1991. Biology and conservation of piping plovers at Breezy Point, New York, 1991. Unpublished report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Newton Corner, Massachusetts. 38 pp.

Eddings, K.J., C.R. Griffin, and S.M. Melvin. 1990. Productivity, activity patterns, limiting factors, and management of piping plovers at Sandy Hook, Gateway National Recreation Area, New Jersey. Unpublished report. Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. 79 pp.

* Elias, S.P., J.D. Fraser, and P.A. Buckley. 2000. Piping plover brood foraging ecology on New York Barrier Islands. Journal of Wildlife Management 64(2):346-354.

Elias-Gerken, S.P. 1994. Piping plover habitat suitability on central Long Island, New York barrier islands. M.S. Thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. 48 pp.

Elias-Gerken, S.P. and J.D. Fraser. 1994. Piping plover foraging ecology on Pike's Beach, Southampton, New York. Final report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sudbury, Massachusetts. 61 pp.

Erwin, R.M. 1979. Historical breeding records of colonial seabirds and wading birds, 1900-1977, Cape Elizabeth, Maine to Virginia. Supplement to final report prepared for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Coastal Ecosystems Project, Newton Corner, Massachusetts.

Eubanks, T. 1992. The piping plover in Texas: Winter survey guidelines. Draft report for Great Lakes/Northern Great Plains piping plover recovery team. 17 pp.

Ferson, S. and H.R. Akcakaya. 1990. RAMAS/age user manual. Modeling fluctuations in age structured populations. Exeter Software, Setauket, New York. 113 pp.

Flemming, S.P. 1984. The status and responses of piping plovers to recreational activity in Nova Scotia. Honors Thesis. Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia. 150 pp.

Flemming, S.P., R.D. Chiasson, P.C. Smith, P.J. Austin-Smith, and R.P. Bancroft. 1988. Piping plover status in Nova Scotia related to its reproductive and behavioral responses to human disturbance. Journal of Field Ornithology 59(4): 321-330.

Flemming, S.P., R. D. Chiasson, and P.J. Austin-Smith. 1990. Piping plover nest-site selection in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Unpublished report. Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. 31 pp.

Forbush, E.H. 1925. Birds of Massachusetts and other New England states. Volume I. Massachusetts Department of Agriculture.

Frankel, O.H. and M.E. Soulé. 1981. Conservation and evolution. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, England.

Franklin, I.R. 1980. Evolutionary change in small populations. Pp. 135-149 in M.E. Soulé and B.A. Wilcox (eds.), Conservation biology: An evolutionary-ecological perspective. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

Fussell, J.O. 1990. Census of piping plovers wintering on the North Carolina Coast - 1989-1990. Unpublished report to the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. 54 pp.

Gardner, A.L. 1982. Virginia opossum. Pp. 3-36 in J.A. Chapman and G.A. Feldhamer (eds.), Wild mammals of North America. John Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, Maryland.

Gibbs, J.P. 1986. Feeding ecology of nesting piping plovers in Maine. Unpublished report to Maine Chapter, The Nature Conservancy, Topsham, Maine. 21 pp.

Gilpin, M.E. 1987. Spatial structure and population vulnerability. Pp. 125-139 in M.E. Soulé (ed.), Viable populations for conservation. Cambridge University Press, New York.

Goldin, M.R. 1990. Reproductive ecology and management of piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) at Breezy Point, Gateway National Recreation Area, New York -- 1990. Unpublished report. Gateway National Recreation Area, Long Island, New York. 16 pp.

Goldin, M.R. 1993a. Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) management, reproductive ecology, and chick behavior at Goosewing and Briggs Beaches, Little Compton, Rhode Island, 1993. The Nature Conservancy, Providence, Rhode Island. 64 pp.

Goldin, M.R. 1993b. Effects of human disturbance and off-road vehicles on piping plover reproductive success and behavior at Breezy Point, Gateway National Recreation Area, New York. M.S. Thesis. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. 128 pp.

Goldin, M.R. 1994a. Recommended monitoring and management methodology and techniques for piping plovers (Charadrius melodus). Report for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Hadley, Massachusetts. 15 pp.

Goldin, M.R. 1994b. Breeding history of, and recommended monitoring and management practices for, piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) at Goosewing Beach, Little Compton, Rhode Island (with discussion of Briggs Beach). Report for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Hadley, Massachusetts. 36 pp.

* Goldin, M.R. and J.V. Regosin. 1998. Chick behavior, habitat use, and reproductive success of piping plovers at Goosewing Beach, Rhode Island. J. of Field Ornithology. 69(2):228-234.

Goldin, M.R. Undated. Rhode Island piping plover and tern conservation program: A manual for piping plover and tern volunteers. Providence, Rhode Island. 26 pp.

Goldin M.R., C. Griffin, and S. Melvin. 1990. Reproductive and foraging ecology, human disturbance, and management of piping plovers at Breezy Point, Gateway National Recreation Area, New York, 1989. Progress report for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Newton Corner, Massachusetts. 58 pp.

Goodman, D. 1987. How do any species persist? Lessons for conservation biology. Conservation Biology 1: 59-62.

Griffin, C.R. and S.M. Melvin. 1984. Research plan on management, habitat selection, and population dynamics of piping plovers on outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts. University of Massachusetts. Research proposal submitted to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Newton Corner, Massachusetts. 5 pp.

Griscom, L. and D.E. Snyder. 1955. The birds of Massachusetts. Peabody Museum. Salem, Massachusetts. P. 88.

Haig, S.M. 1992. Piping plover. In A. Poole, P. Stettenheim, and F. Gill (eds.), The Birds of North America, No. 2. Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists' Union.

Haig, S.M. and L.W. Oring. 1985. The distribution and status of the piping plover throughout the annual cycle. Journal of Field Ornithology 56: 266-273.

Haig, S.M. and L.W. Oring. 1987. The piping plover. Audubon Wildlife Report. Pp. 503-519.

Haig, S.M. and L.W. Oring. 1988a. Genetic differentiation of piping plovers across North America. Auk 105(4): 260-267.

Haig, S.M. and L.W. Oring. 1988b. Distribution and dispersal in the piping plover. Auk 105(3): 630-638.

Haig, S.M. and L.W. Oring. 1988c. Mate, site and territory fidelity in piping plover. Auk 105(4): 268-277.

Haig, S.M. and J.H. Plissner. 1992. The 1991 international piping plover census. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Twin Cities, Minnesota. 200 pp.

Haig, S.M. and J.H. Plissner. 1993. Distribution and abundance of piping plovers: Results and implications of the 1991 International census. Condor 95: 145-156.

Hake, M. 1993. 1993 summary of piping plover management program at Gateway NRA Breezy Point district. Unpublished report. Gateway National Recreation Area, Long Island, New York. 29 pp.

Halifax Field Naturalists. 1992. The 1992 piping plover guardian volunteer manual. Halifax, Nova Scotia. 19 pp.

Harris, R.B. and F.W. Allendorf. 1989. Genetically effective population size of large mammals: An assessment of estimators. Conservation Biology 3: 181-191.

* Hecht, A. and G.A Moser. 1998. Northern Assateague Island restoration project and the piping plover: a case study in Endangered Species Act interagency consultation. Endangered Species Update. 15(3): 31-39.

* Higgins, K.F., M.R. Brashier, and C.D. Kruse, eds. 1999. Proceedings, piping plovers and least terns of the Great Plains and nearby. Brookings: South Dakota State University. 132 pp.

Hill, J.O. 1988. Aspects of breeding biology of piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) in Bristol County, Massachusetts in 1988. Unpublished report. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. 44 pp.

Hoopes, E.M. 1993. Relationships between human recreation and piping plover foraging ecology and chick survival. M.S. Thesis. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. 106 pp.

Hoopes, E.M. 1994. Breeding ecology of piping plovers nesting at Cape Cod National Seashore - 1994. National Park Service, South Wellfleet, Massachusetts. 34 pp.

Hoopes, E.M. 1995. Piping plover nest distribution with respect to concrete walkways at the Breezy Point Cooperative, New York, 1991-1994. Report for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sudbury, Massachusetts. 6 pp.

Hoopes, E.M., C.R. Griffin, and S.M. Melvin. 1989. Atlantic Coast Piping Plover winter distribution Survey. Unpublished report to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Newton Corner, Massachusetts. 6 pp.

Hoopes, E.M., C.R. Griffin, and S.M. Melvin. 1992. Relationships between human recreation and piping plover foraging ecology and chick survival. Unpublished report. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. 77 pp.

Howard, J.M., R.J. Safran, and S.M. Melvin. 1993. Biology and conservation of piping plovers at Breezy Point, New York. Unpublished report. Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. 34 pp.

Imhoff, T. 1975. Birds of Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Pp. 221-222.

Jenkins, C.D. 1993. Piping plover survey and threat assessment. New Jersey endangered beach nesting bird project. Federal Aid Report, Projects No. XIV and XIVA. New Jersey Division of Fish, Game, and Wildlife, Trenton, New Jersey. 29 pp.

Johnsgard, P.A. 1981. The plovers, sandpipers, and snipes of the world. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Nebraska. 423 pp.

Johnson, C.M. and G.A. Baldassarre. 1988. Aspects of the wintering ecology of piping plovers in coastal Alabama. Wilson Bulletin 100: 214-233.

* Jones, L.K. 1997. Piping plover habitat selection, home range, and reproductive success at Cape Cod National Seashore, Massachusetts. M.S. thesis. University of Massachusetts, Amherst. 96 pp.

Leatherman, S.P. 1979. Barrier island handbook. National Park Service Cooperative Research Unit, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. 101 pp.

Leatherman, S.P. and J.R. Allen, eds. 1985. Geomorphic analysis, Fire Island Inlet to Montauk Point, Long Island, New York. Reformulation study submitted to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New York District.

LeGrand, H.E. Jr. 1991. The piping plover in North Carolina -- Population trends for breeding and wintering birds. In Biology and management of piping plovers in North Carolina, abstracts of presentations held April 2-3, 1991, Duke University Marine Laboratory Auditorium, Beaufort, North Carolina.

Lindenmayer, D.B., T.W. Clark, R.C. Lacy, and V.C. Thomas. 1993. Population viability analysis as a tool in wildlife conservation policy: With reference to Australia. Enviromental Management 17(6): 745-758.

Litwin, T.S., A. Ducey-Ortiz, R.A. Lent, and C.E. Liebelt. 1993. 1990-1991 Long Island colonial waterbird and piping plover survey. Volume I. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Stony Brook, New York. 109 pp.

Loegering, J.P. 1992. Piping plover breeding biology, foraging ecology and behavior on Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland. M.S. Thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. 247 pp.

Loegering, J.P. and J.D. Fraser. 1995. Factors affecting piping plover chick survival in different brood-rearing habitats. Journal of Wildlife Managment 59(4): 646-655.

Loegering, J.P., J.D. Fraser, and L.L. Loegering. 1995. Ghost crabs prey on a piping plover chick. Wilson Bulletin 107(4): 768-769.

Lyons, M. and A. McGrane. 1995. 1995 piping plover season, Cape Hatteras National Seashore. Unpublished report. National Park Service, Manteo, North Carolina. 35 pp.

Mace, G.M. and R. Lande. 1991. Assessing extinction threats: Toward a reevaluation of IUCN threatened species categories. Conservation Biology 5: 148-157.

MacIvor, L.H. 1990. Population dynamics, breeding ecology, and management of piping plovers on outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts. M.S. Thesis. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. 100 pp.

MacIvor, L.H. 1991. Research proposal: Conditioned taste aversion: A technique to reduce red fox predation at piping plover nests on Assateague Island National Seashore. Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Annapolis, Maryland. 8 pp.

MacIvor, L.H., C.R. Griffin, and S.M. Melvin. 1987. Management, habitat selection, and population dynamics of piping plovers on outer Cape Cod Massachusetts; 1985-1987. Submitted to National Park Service, Cape Cod National Seashore, South Wellfleet, Massachusetts.

Maine Audubon Society. 1995. Piping plover and least tern newsletter, winter/spring 1995-1996. Falmouth, Maine. 4 pp.

Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife. 1995. Atlas of essential wildlife habitats for Maine's endangered and threatened species. 1995 edition. Augusta, Maine. Pp. 8-11.

Massachusetts Barrier Beach Task Force. 1994. Guidelines for barrier beach management in Massachusetts. Massachusetts Coastal Zone Management Program, Boston, Massachusetts. 265 pp.

Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. 1993. Guidelines for managing recreational use of beaches to protect piping plovers, terns, and their habitats in Massachusetts. Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program, Field Headquarters, Westborough, Massachusetts. 14 pp.

Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. 1996. Conservation plan for piping plovers in Massachusetts. Submitted to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Westborough, Massachusetts. 35 pp. and appendices.

Mayer, P.M. and M.R. Ryan. 1991. Electric fences reduce mammalian predation on piping plover nests and chicks. Wildlife Society Bulletin 19: 59-63.

McConnaughey, J.L., J.D. Fraser, S.D. Coutu, and J.P. Loegering. 1990. Piping plover distribution and reproductive success on Cape Lookout National Seashore. Unpublished report to the National Park Service. 83 pp.

Melvin, S.M. 1986-1993. Status of piping plovers in Massachusetts, annual summaries. Unpublished report. Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Westborough, Massachusetts.

Melvin, S.M. 1993. Recommendations for improving productivity of piping plovers at Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. 14 pp.

Melvin, S.M. and J.P. Gibbs. 1994. Viability analysis for the Atlantic Coast Population of piping plovers. Unpublished report to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sudbury, Massachusetts. 16 pp.

Melvin, S.M. and S.M. Roble. 1990. Massachusetts' Wetlands Protection Act: A tool for protecting rare wildlife habitat. Pp. 224-228 in D.J. Leopold (ed.), Ecosystem Management: Rare Species and Significant Habitats. Proceedings of 15th Annual Natural Areas Conference.

Melvin, S.M., A. Hecht, and C.R. Griffin. 1994. Piping plover mortalities caused by off-road vehicles on Atlantic coast beaches. Wildlife Society Bulletin 22: 409-414.

Melvin, S.M., C.R. Griffin, and L.H. MacIvor. 1991. Recovery strategies for piping plovers in managed coastal landscapes. Coastal Management 19: 21-34.

Melvin, S.M., L.H. MacIvor, and C.R. Griffin. 1992. Predator exclosures: A technique to reduce predation of piping plover nests. Wildlife Society Bulletin 20: 143-148.

Morse, M. 1982. 1982 piping plover survey, Prince Edward Island National Park. Unpublished report. Canadian Wildife Service, Sackville, New Brunswick, and Parks Canada, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. 37 pp.

Moser, R.A. 1942. Should the belted piping plover be recognized as a valid race? Nebraska Bird Review 10: 31-37

Murray, R. and M.W. McDavit. 1993. First nest records of piping plover in South Carolina. Chat 57(1): 10-11.

National Park Service. 1989. Environmental Assessment on management for the threatened piping plover, Breezy Point District, Gateway National Recreation Area. Brooklyn, New York. 25 pp.

National Park Service. 1992. Environmental Assessment on management plan for the threatened piping plover, Sandy Hook Unit, Gateway National Recreation Area. Sandy Hook, New Jersey. 23 pp.

National Park Service. 1993a. Draft guidelines for mitigation of primary dune beaches immediately adjacent to development district lands and Fire Island National Seashore as threats to exempted communities. National Park Service, Fire Island National Seashore, Patchogue, New York. 3 pp.

National Park Service. 1993b. Piping plover Mmnagement plan. Assateague Island National Seashore, Berlin, Maryland. 24 pp.

National Park Service. 1994a. Environmental Assessment on management plan for shoreside species breeding habitat. Fire Island National Seashore, Patchogue, New York. 29 pp.

National Park Service. 1994b. Standard operating procedure #6, shorebird management. Cape Cod National Seashore, South Wellfleet, Massachusetts. 14 pp.

National Park Service. 1995. Proceedings of the National Park Service Atlantic Coast piping plover conference, November 2-3, 1995. Assateague Island National Seashore, Berlin, Maryland. 55 pp.

National Research Council. 1995. Science and the Endangered Species Act. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 162 pp.

New York Governor's Coastal Erosion Task Force. 1994. Final report. Summary of recommendations. 9 pp.

Nicholls, J.L. 1989. Distribution and other ecological aspects of piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) wintering along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts. M.S. Thesis. Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama. 150 pp.

Nicholls, J.L. and G.A. Baldassarre. 1990a. Winter distribution of piping plovers along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States. Wilson Bulletin 102: 400-412.

Nicholls, J.L. and G.A. Baldassarre. 1990b. Habitat selection and interspecific associations of piping plovers along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States. Wilson Bulletin 102: 581-590.

Northeast Nongame Technical Committee. 1993. Legal categories of rare species in the northeastern states. Northeast Nongame Technical Committee, Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. 22 pp.

Palmer, R.S. 1967. Piping plover. In Stout, G.D. (ed.), The shorebirds of North America. Viking Press, New York. 270 pp.

Patterson, M.E. 1988. Piping plover breeding biology and reproductive success on Assateague Island. M.S. Thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. 131 pp.

Patterson, M.E., J.D. Fraser, and J.W. Roggenbuck. 1991. Factors affecting piping plover productivity on Assateague Island. Journal of Wildlife Management 55(3): 525-531.

* Plissner, J.H. and S.M. Haig. 1997. 1996 international piping plover census. Report to U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division. Corvallis, Oregon. 231 pp.

Pollock, K.H., J.D. Nichols, C. Brownie, and J.E. Hines. 1990. Statistical inference for capture recapture experiments. Wildlife Monographs No. 107. 97 pp.

Post, T. 1991. Reproductive success and limiting factors of piping plovers and least terns at Breezy Point, New York, 1990. New York Department of Environmental Conservation, Long Island City, New York. 36 pp.

Potter, E.G., J.F. Parnell, and R.P. Teulings. 1980. Birds of the Carolinas. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Raithel, C. 1984. The piping plover in Rhode Island. Rhode Island Natural Heritage Program, Providence, Rhode Island. Unpublished report. 13 pp.

RENEW. 1993. Recovery of nationally endangered wildlife. Report #3. Canada. 55 pp.

RENEW. 1994. Recovery of nationally endangered wildlife. Report #4. Canada. 30 pp.

Rimmer, D.W. 1994. Piping plover research and management program at the Richard T. Crane, Jr. Memorial Reservation, Ipswich, Massachusetts. 1993 Report. The Trustees of Reservations. 9 pp and graphs.

Rimmer, D.W., and R.D. Deblinger. 1990. Use of predator exclosures to protect piping plover nests. Journal of Field Ornithology 61: 217-223.

Ryan, M.R., B.G. Root, and P.M. Mayer. 1993. Status of piping plover in the Great Plains of North America: A demographic simulation model. Conservation Biology 7: 581-585.

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