International Energy Outlook 2002
Transportation Energy Use - Reference Notes
1.See, for example, “Strong Dollar, High Oil Price Weaken Demand,” Petroleum Intelligence Weekly (July 2, 2001), pp. 2-3; “Asian Demand Flat, and May Get Worse,” Petroleum Intelligence Weekly (July 30, 2001), p. 2.
2.Energy Information Administration, Short-Term Energy Outlook (November 2001 and September 2001), web site www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/steo/ pub/contents.html.
3.Energy Information Administration, Short-Term Energy Outlook (March 2002), web site www.eia. doe.gov/emeu/steo/pub/contents.html.
4.“Delta and Sky Chefs Announce Cuts,” The New York Times (September 27, 2001).
5.“Congress Allocates $15 Billion To Help the Airline Industry,” The New York Times (September 22, 2001).
6.“Airbus Freezes Production But Super Jumbo Goes Ahead,” Airwise News (September 20, 2001), web site http://news.airwise.com/stories/.
7.“Traffic To Grow More Than Capacity at Narita,” Airwise News (June 6, 2001), web site http://news. airwise.com/stories/.
8.“New Asian Airport Hub Officially Opened at Incheon,” Airwise News (March 22, 2001), web site http://news.airwise.com/stories/.
9.“Tokyo airports to get new routes to boost flights,” The Japan Times Online (July 26, 2001), web site http://www.japantimes.co.jp/.
10.“Proposals for New Mexico City Airport Due This Week,” Airwise News (July 8, 2001), web site http://news.airwise.com/stories/.
11.Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Charles Rivers Associates, Mobility 2001: Overview, prepared for the Sustainable Mobility Working Group of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (North Yorkshire, UK, 2001), p. 2.
12.Natural Resources Defense Council, Reducing U.S. Oil Dependence: A Real Energy Security Policy (October 3, 2001), web site www.nrdc.org.
13.Worldwatch Institute, “Hydrogen Rising in Energy Policy Debate,” Worldwatch News Release (August 2, 2001), web site www.worldwatch.org.
14.“GM Says Many Green Technologies Ready for Market,” Octane Week, Vol. 16, No. 42 (October 15, 2001), pp. 4-5.
15.“Squeaky Clean Series: Survey,” The Economist, Vol. 358, No. 210 (February 10, 2001), p. 17.
16.“Honda Reports Success With New Fuel Cell Vehicle,” Oxy-Fuel News, Vol. 13, No. 37 (September 24, 2001), p. 9.
17.National Research Council, Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards, pp. ES-8 and 3-15.
18.“Fuel Cell Cars Will Need Help To Win in US,” Oil Daily, Vol. 51, No. 210 (October 30, 2001), p. 1.
19.“Plans for Hydrogen Infrastructure May Be Bush Response to Kyoto,” Clean Air Report, Vol. 12, No. 17 (August 16, 2001), p. 14.
20.“Replacing Gas With a Gas; Hydrogen-Powered Cars,” The Economist, Vol. 360, No. 8231 (July 21, 2001), p. 66.
21.“The Fuel Cell’s Bumpy Ride,” The Economist, Vol. 358, No. 8214 (March 24, 2001), p. 39.
22.“GM Says Many Green Technologies Ready for Market,” Octane Week, Vol. 16, No. 42 (October 15, 2001), pp. 4-5.
23.U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Transportation Technologies, Future U.S. Highway Energy Use: A Fifty Year Perspective (Washington, DC, May 3, 2001).
24.“Fuel Economy Figures Are the Worst in 20 Years, EPA Reports,” Octane Week, Vol. 16, No. 41 (October 12, 2001), p. 2.
25.See, for example, Natural Resources Defense Council, Reducing U.S. Oil Dependence: A Real Energy Security Policy (October 3, 2001), web site www.nrdc. org.
26.“Regulatory Activity,” World Fuels Today (October 12, 2001), p. 2.
27.International Fuel Quality Center, “Overview of Washington, DC Fuel Quality: Policy and Technology Briefing” (October 1, 2001), pp. 5-7.
28.Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2002, DOE/EIA-0383(2002) (Washington, DC, December 2001), Table A7.
29.“California Transit Agencies Opt for Natural Gas Buses,” LNG Express, Vol. 11, No. 8 (August 2001), p. 10.
30.International Fuel Quality Center, Canada Unveils $120 Million Clean Air Initiative, Including Agenda for Clean Fuels, Engines and Vehicles (Special Report, February 26, 2001), pp. 1-4.
31.Government of Canada, Action Plan 2000 on Climate Change (October 2000), pp. 5-6.
32.Natural Resources Canada, Energy in Canada in 2000 (Ottawa, Ontario, 2000), p. 133.
33.Transport Canada, “Creating a Transportation Blueprint,” web site www.tc.gc.ca/en/blueprint.menu.htm (January 15, 2002).
34.D. Apedaile, “Unleash the Potential of Canada’s Railways, CPR Tells Transportation Act Review Panel,” Canada NewsWire, web site www.newswire. ca (December 19, 2000).
35.“Mexico,” World Fuels Today (October 18, 2001), p. 2.
36.A.G. Bigio et al., Progress Report 2001: Clean Air Initiative in Latin American Cities (World Bank, Washington, DC, June 2001), pp. 32-33.
37.Commission of the European Communities, European Transport Policy for 2010: Time to Decide, White Paper COM(2001)370 (Brussels, Belgium, September 12, 2001), pp. 25 and 41.
38.D. Jiménez-Beltrán, Term 2001: Indicators Tracking Transport and Environment Integration in the European Union, European Environment Agency, Environmental Issue Report No. 23 (Copenhagen, Luxembourg, 2001), p. 31.
39.Petroleum Economics, Ltd., World Long-Term Oil & Energy Outlook 2000-2015 (London, UK, June 2001), p. 31.
40.International Fuel Quality Center, EU Taxation Proposal, Flash Up-Date (September 19, 2001).
41.“British Airways Cuts 7,000 Jobs,” The Washington Post (September 20, 2001).
42.“Swissair To Resume Some Flights, Thanks to a Bailout,” The New York Times (October 4, 2001).
43.“European Commission Approves Aid for Airlines,” The New York Times (October 10, 2001).
44.“Drastic Restructuring of European Airline Industry Foreseen by EU Commissioner,” Airwise News (October 11, 2001), web site http://news.airwise. com/stories/.
45.“UK Industry Urges Increase in Airport Capacity,” Airwise News (April 20, 2001), web site http:// news.airwise.com/stories/.
46.Mayor of London, “Congestion Charging,” web site www.london.gov.uk/mayor/congest (not dated).
47.“Downstream Dilemmas,” Petroleum Economist (July 2001), pp. 8-9.
48.“German Switch to Low Sulfur Is Ultra Smooth,” Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, Vol. 40, No. 45 (November 5, 2001), p. 5.
49.M. Smedley, “Germany Sets Out on Big Drive for Natural Gas Vehicles,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 12, No. 32 (October 17, 2001), p. 8.
50.M. Smedley, “Germany Sets Out on Big Drive for Natural Gas Vehicles,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 12, No. 32 (October 17, 2001), p. 10.
51.“Austrian Highway,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 12, No. 34 (October 31, 2001), p. 5.
52.U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook 2001, web site www.odci.gov/cia/publications/ factbook.
53.“New Funds for CNG Fuel Sites,” Financial Times: International Gas Report, No. 421 (March 2, 2001), p. 28.
54.D. Robertson, “Qantas Leap,” Far Eastern Economic Review, Vol. 164, No. 40 (October 11, 2001), p. 65.
55.“Automakers Take Rivalry Into Sales of Used Vehicles,” The Nikkei Weekly (August 6, 2001), p. 11.
56.N.K. Shimbun, Japan Economic Almanac 2001, p. 257.
57.“Tokyo Announces Its Stimulus Package,” The New York Times (October 17, 2001).
58.“LDP Road Councils Hope To Steamroll Koizumi,” Asahi Shimbun (October 11, 2001), web site http://www.asahi.com/english/politics/.
59.“Tokyo Haneda Expansion Plan,” Airwise News (March 28, 2001), web site http://news.airwise. com/stories/.
60.“Airlines File Requests To Make Overseas Flight From Haneda,” The Japan Times Online (January 29, 2001), web site http://www.japantimes.co.jp/.
61.“Traffic To Grow More Than Capacity at Narita,” Airwise News (June 6, 2001), web site http://news. airwise.com/stories/.
62.“Tokyo Airports To Get New Routes To Boost Flights,” The Japan Times Online (July 26, 2001), web site www/japantimes.co.jp/.
63.DRI-WEFA, World Energy Service: Asia/Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 2001), p. 45.
64.Business Monitor International, Asia Monitor: China and Northeast Asia, Vol. 8, No. 9 (September 2001), p. 9.
65.“What’s New Around the World: China,” Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, Vol. 40, No. 43 (October 22, 2001), p. 6.
66.“Asia-Pacific Air Traffic Set To Double,” Airwise News (September 20, 2001), web site http://news. airwise.com/stories/.
67.“Shanghai Aims High,” Airwise News (August 23, 2001), web site http://news.airwise.com/stories/.
68.“Gujarat Firms Plan CNG Business,” Financial Times: International Gas Report, No. 421 (March 2, 2001), p. 24.
69.“Delhi Faces Chaos As Court CNG Bus Deadline Looms,” Financial Times: International Gas Report, No. 421 (March 2, 2001), p. 1.
70.“Delhi Still Faces Chaos Despite Reprieve,” Financial Times: International Gas Report, No. 422 (March 30, 2001), p. 5.
71.“Court Relents on CNG Deadline,” Financial Times: International Gas Report, No. 435 (October 15, 2001), p. 22.
72.“India’s CNG Fiasco Could Be Avoided,” World Fuels Today (October 11, 2001), p. 1 and 5.
73.“GM Agrees To Take Over Daewoo Motor,” The Washington Post (September 20, 2001).
74.“Korea: A Keen Competitor,” Automotive Design and Production (February 2001), web site www. autofieldguide.com.
75.Energy Information Administration, International Energy Annual 1999, DOE/EIA-0219(99) (Washington, DC, February 2001), p. 107.
76.Korea Energy Economics Institute, Yearbook of Energy Statistics 2000 (South Korea, January 2001), pp. 130-131; Cambridge Energy Research Associates, “Asia’s Downstream Markets in 2001: Excess Refining Capacity Sets the Tone,” Asia Pacific Oil Watch (Cambridge, MA, Winter 2001), p. 9; and Korea Energy Economics Institute, Korea Energy Review Monthly (June 2001), p. 8.
77.Korea Energy Economics Institute, “Fourfold Rise Due for Tax on LPG,” News Briefs in Korea, web site www.keei.re.kr/keei/index_us.html (June 25, 2001).
78.“Inchon Fees Will Be Higher,” Airwise News (February 27, 2001), web site http://news.airwise.com/ stories/.
79.“Thailand Begins Selling Ethanol at the Pump, Eyes Tax Breaks,” Oxy-Fuel News, Vol. 13, No. 3 (January 22, 2001), p. 2.
80.A.M. Ruff, “The Good Oil,” Far Eastern Economic Review, Vol. 164, No. 33 (August 23, 2001), p. 37.
81.S.W. Crispin, “Breathtaking Results in Bangkok,” Far Eastern Economic Review, Vol. 164, No. 42 (October 25, 2001), pp. 44-46.
82.Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Indonesia: Environmental Issues,” web site www.eia.doe.gov (October 2001).
83.“Indonesia,” World Fuels Today (October 22, 2001), p. 2.
84.L. Hopkinson and S. Skinner, Cleaner Vehicles and Fuels: The Way Forward (Civic Exchange, August 2001).
85.A.G. Bigio et al., Progress Report 2001: Clean Air Initiative in Latin American Cities (World Bank, Washington, DC, June 2001), p. 4.
86.Worldwatch Institute, “Curbing Sprawl to Fight Climate Change,” Worldwatch News Release (June 28, 2001), web site www.worldwatch.org.
87.International Fuel Quality Center, Current Latin American Fuel Quality Situation (July 25, 2001), pp. 8 and 10.
88.U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook 2001, web site www.odci.gov/cia/publications/ factbook/.
89.U.S. Department of State, “Brazil: Consular Information Sheet,” Travel Warnings and Consular Information Sheets, web site www.travel.state.gov (October 9, 2001).
90.Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Brazil: Environmental Issues,” web site www.eia.doe.gov (July 2001).
91.Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Brazil: Environmental Issues,” web site www.eia.doe.gov (July 2001).
92.“Brazil’s Cardoso Slates Gasoline Price Cuts,” Oil Daily (March 30, 2001), p. 6.
93.“PDV Preps for Huge Brazilian Retail Expansion,” Oil Daily (September 17, 2001), p. 4.
94.Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Argentina,” web site www. eia.doe.gov (October 2001).
95.U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook 2001, web site www.odci.gov/cia/publications/ factbook/.
96.“Investing in Argentina: Transportation and Communications: Overland Transport,” Fundacion Invertir Argentina, web site www.invertir.com (not dated).
97.Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Argentina: Environmental Issues,” web site www.eia.doe.gov (July 2001).
98.A.G. Bigio et al., Progress Report 2001: Clean Air Initiative in Latin American Cities (World Bank, Washington, DC, June 2001), p. 22.
99.International Fuel Quality Center, The Governments Argentina & Brazil Legislate New Fuel Specifications for Their Respective Countries (November 9, 2001), p. 2.
100.“Argentina,” World Fuels Today (November 27, 2001), p. 2.
101.M. Smedley, “Germany Sets Out on Big Drive for Natural Gas Vehicles,” World Gas Intelligence, Vol. 12, No. 32 (October 17, 2001), p. 8.
102.“Investing in Argentina: Transportation and Communications: Overland Transport,” Fundacion Invertir Argentina, web site www.invertir.com (not dated).
103.“Investing in Argentina: Transportation and Communications: Water Transport,” Fundacion Invertir Argentina, web site www.invertir.com (not dated).
104.“Aerolineas Argentinas Flies Again,” Airwise News (November 9, 2001), web site http://news.airwise. com/stories/.
105.“Transport: Roads,” Saudi Arabian Information Resource, web site www.saudinf.com (not dated).
106.Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Saudi Arabia: Environmental Issues,” web site www.eia.doe.gov (July 2001).
107.“Transport: Air Transport,” Saudi Arabian Information Resource, web site www.saudinf.com (not dated).
108.“Dubai Airport Hits New Heights,” Airwise News (July 16, 2001), web site http://news.airwise.com/ stories/.
109.“Dubai Plans Major Airport Develpments,” Airwise News (November 5, 2001), web site http://news. airwise.com/stories/.
110.F.N. Nyangaga, “Reforming Road Management in Sub-Saharan Africa,” Africa Transport Technical Note, No. 32 (World Bank, Washington, DC, March 2001), p. 1.
111.T. Gustafson, Capitalism Russian-Style (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, October 1999), p. 178.
112.“A Survey of Russia: Waiting for the Crunch,” The Economist, Vol. 360, No. 8231 (July 21, 2001), p. 12.
113.T. Gustafson, Capitalism Russian-Style (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, October 1999), pp. 221-222.
114.K. Crane, Review and Outlook for the Former Soviet Republics (Washington, DC: PlanEcon, Inc., October 2001), pp. i-iii.
115.J. Simpson, Editor, Requirements and Framework for Environment and Transport Telematics Implementation: Assessment of the State of the Transport System (Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe, Co-ordinated Action for Pan-European Transport and Development, August 1999), web site www.rec.org.
116.J. Simpson, Editor, Requirements and Framework for Environment and Transport Telematics Implementation: Assessment of the State of the Transport System (Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe, Co-ordinated Action for Pan-European Transport and Development, August 1999), web site www.rec.org.
117.International Fuel Quality Center, Poland’s Fuel Quality and Policy Developments (February 2001).
118.World Bank, “Poland: World Bank Loan To Help Restructure Polish State Railways Signed Today,” Press Release No. 2001/350/ECA (May 31, 2001).
119.J. Simpson, Editor, Requirements and Framework for Environment and Transport Telematics Implementation: Country Reports: Romania (Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe, Co-ordinated Action for Pan-European Transport and Development, August 1999), web site www. rec.org.
120.Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Romania: Environmental Issues,” web site www.eia.doe.gov (September 2000).
121.Sofia Initiative on Local Air Quality, Phase-out of Leaded Gasoline (Szentendre, Hungary: Regional Environmental Center for Central and Europe, May 1998), Section 3.2, pp. 1 and 3, Section 5.4, p. 4, web site www.rec.org.
URL: http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/ieo/transportationref.html