The U.S. Census Bureau
 
United States State & Local Government Finances by Level of Government:  1997-98
(Dollar amounts are in thousands. Coefficients of variation (CV) are expressed as percents. For meaning
of abbreviations and symbols, see note below table.)
  United States Total
  State & local State & local  State  Local  Local
Description government government government government government
  amount1 CV amount amount1 CV
  1 2 3 4 5
 Population (FY 1998, in thousands) 270,299 (X) 269,775 270,299 (X)
 Personal Income (Calendar year 1997, in millions)  6,928,762 (X) 6,909,681 6,928,762 (X)
         
 Revenue1 1,720,889,368 0.06 1,103,239,093 909,661,010 0.11
         
  General revenue1 1,365,761,964 0.07 863,522,535 794,250,164 0.13
         
Intergovernmental revenue1 255,048,096 0.08 240,788,817 306,270,014 0.09
     From Federal Government 255,048,096 0.08 224,443,723 30,604,373 0.66
     From State government (1) (X) - 275,665,641 0.06
     From local governments1 (1) (X) 16,345,094 (1) (X)
         
General revenue from own sources   1,110,713,868 0.08 622,733,718 487,980,150 0.19
    Taxes   773,963,195 0.03 473,051,441 300,911,754 0.09
          Property 230,150,058 0.10 10,658,554 219,491,504 0.11
          Sales and gross receipts   274,883,406 0.03 226,643,401 48,240,005 0.16
               General sales   188,752,895 0.04 155,272,097 33,480,798 0.22
               Selective sales 86,130,511 0.04 71,371,304 14,759,207 0.26
                    Motor fuel 29,246,986 0.02 28,344,987 901,999 0.57
                    Alcoholic beverage 4,047,022 0.08 3,765,443 281,579 1.09
                    Tobacco products 7,956,232 0.01 7,747,576 208,656 0.35
                    Public utilities   16,796,302 0.11 8,795,604 8,000,698 0.24
                    Other selective sales   28,083,969 0.11 22,717,694 5,366,275 0.56
          Individual income   175,630,035 0.03 160,114,849 15,515,186 0.32
          Corporate income   34,411,615 0.00 31,088,625 3,322,990 0.00
          Motor vehicle license   14,884,049 0.08 13,662,190 1,221,859 0.96
          Other taxes   44,004,032 0.17 30,883,822 13,120,210 0.56
         
     Charges and miscellaneous general  revenue   336,750,673 0.26 149,682,277 187,068,396 0.47
          Current charges   201,554,212 0.36 76,219,071 125,335,141 0.58
               Education   56,688,844 0.01 43,258,180 13,430,664 0.05
                    Institutions  of higher education   47,503,791 0.00 42,718,607 4,785,184 0.02
                    School lunch sales (gross) 4,781,340 0.07 15,593 4,765,747 0.07
               Hospitals   50,651,782 0.87 16,599,809 34,051,973 1.29
               Highways   6,331,449 0.20 3,945,752 2,385,697 0.52
               Air transportation (airports)   9,522,480 0.22 768,199 8,754,281 0.24
               Parking facilities   1,269,139 0.94 - 1,269,139 0.94
               Sea and inland port facilities   2,239,313 2.69 642,552 1,596,761 3.77
               Natural resources   2,795,594 2.26 1,767,740 1,027,854 6.14
               Parks and recreation   5,689,687 1.17 1,073,282 4,616,405 1.44
               Housing and community development   4,064,141 3.81 414,159 3,649,982 4.25
               Sewerage   22,717,339 1.74 40,666 22,676,673 1.74
               Solid waste management   9,616,860 0.58 405,530 9,211,330 0.60
               Other charges   29,967,584 1.31 7,303,202 22,664,382 1.74
         
          Miscellaneous general revenue   135,196,461 0.29 73,463,206 61,733,255 0.63
               Interest earnings   65,416,772 0.11 32,715,112 32,701,660 0.21
               Special assessments   3,777,552 7.41 40,657 3,736,895 7.50
               Sale of property   2,177,895 5.82 494,764 1,683,131 7.53
               Other general revenue   63,824,242 0.32 40,212,673 23,611,569 0.87
         
Utility revenue 77,019,180 0.17 4,204,677 72,814,503 0.18
     Water supply   27,472,820 0.46 113,139 27,359,681 0.46
     Electric power   37,812,222 0.09 2,699,389 35,112,833 0.10
     Gas supply   4,188,360 0.45 7,885 4,180,475 0.46
     Transit   7,545,778 0.07 1,384,264 6,161,514 0.09
         
Liquor store revenue   4,107,326 0.02 3,482,573 624,753 0.16
         
Insurance trust revenue   274,000,898 0.00 232,029,308 41,971,590 0.00
     Unemployment compensation   23,153,056 0.00 23,050,898 102,158 0.00
     Employee retirement   237,472,313 0.00 195,602,881 41,869,432 0.00
     Workers' compensation   11,361,720 0.00 11,361,720 - 0.00
     Other insurance trust revenue   2,013,809 0.00 2,013,809 - 0.00
         
 Expenditure1 1,529,307,694 0.06 929,951,588 884,758,684 0.10
         
By character and object:          
     Intergovernmental expenditure1 3,545,892 0.00 278,853,409 10,095,061 0.11
     Direct expenditure   1,525,761,802 0.06 651,098,179 874,663,623 0.10
          Current operations   1,129,256,886 0.04 446,439,710 682,817,176 0.07
          Capital outlay   181,871,398 0.34 64,441,178 117,430,220 0.53
               Construction   135,545,727 0.40 50,541,874 85,003,853 0.64
               Other capital outlay   46,325,671 0.55 13,899,304 32,426,367 0.79
         
          Assistance and subsidies   31,635,940 0.03 21,514,628 10,121,312 0.08
          Interest on debt   74,597,406 0.13 27,589,595 47,007,811 0.21
          Insurance benefits and repayments 108,400,172 0.00 91,113,068 17,287,104 0.00
          Exhibit: salaries & wages   495,139,391 0.05 139,969,688 355,169,703 0.06
         
Direct expenditure by function 1,525,761,802 0.06 651,098,179 874,663,623 0.10
     Direct general expenditure   1,314,496,204 0.06 548,800,136 765,696,068 0.10
          Capital outlay   161,500,801 0.34 61,671,136 99,829,665 0.54
          Other direct general expenditure    1,152,995,403 0.04 487,129,000 665,866,403 0.07
         
          Education services:          
               Education   450,364,926 0.03 118,562,969 331,801,957 0.04
                     Capital outlay   49,332,176 0.18 11,969,916 37,362,260 0.24
                   Higher education   112,873,875 0.02 96,250,706 16,623,169 0.16
                         Capital outlay   12,589,986 0.21 10,990,231 1,599,755 1.65
                   Elementary & secondary education   318,065,058 0.04 2,886,270 315,178,788 0.04
                         Capital outlay   36,197,564 0.24 435,059 35,762,505 0.24
                   Other education   19,425,993 0.00 19,425,993 - 0.00
               Libraries   6,569,123 1.39 314,054 6,255,069 1.46
         
          Social services and income maintenance:          
               Public welfare   204,639,921 0.01 172,118,988 32,520,933 0.08
                    Cash assistance payments 22,225,581 0.04 12,104,269 10,121,312 0.08
                    Vendor payments   134,727,816 0.01 132,171,534 2,556,282 0.31
                    Other public welfare   47,686,524 0.05 27,843,185 19,843,339 0.13
               Hospitals   69,633,374 0.35 28,485,805 41,147,569 0.59
                    Capital outlay   4,256,278 1.91 1,484,677 2,771,601 2.93
               Health   44,390,577 0.46 23,129,684 21,260,893 0.96
               Social insurance administration    4,133,183 0.00 4,120,610 12,573 0.00
               Veterans' services   288,331 0.00 288,331 - 0.00
         
          Transportation:          
               Highways   87,214,079 0.23 51,970,870 35,243,209 0.58
                    Capital outlay   48,067,405 0.39 35,008,489 13,058,916 1.42
               Air transportation (airports) 10,458,676 0.50 810,090 9,648,586 0.55
               Parking facilities   882,450 0.77 - 882,450 0.77
               Sea and inland port facilities   2,784,798 1.85 829,640 1,955,158 2.63
               Transit subsidies   485,726 0.43 164,102 321,624 0.65
         
          Public safety:          
               Police protection   50,475,211 0.13 7,165,258 43,309,953 0.15
               Fire protection   20,268,863 0.47 - 20,268,863 0.47
               Correction   42,478,621 0.17 28,678,929 13,799,692 0.52
                    Capital outlay   3,565,351 1.61 2,394,095 1,171,256 4.89
               Protective inspection and regulation   7,957,951 0.24 5,089,436 2,868,515 0.65
         
          Environment and housing:          
               Natural resources   17,491,599 0.36 12,882,856 4,608,743 1.37
                    Capital outlay   3,206,326 1.51 2,199,177 1,007,149 4.81
               Parks and recreation   22,365,205 0.54 3,892,770 18,472,435 0.65
                    Capital outlay   6,153,864 1.59 1,293,112 4,860,752 2.01
               Housing and community development    24,697,307 1.43 2,413,565 22,283,742 1.59
               Sewerage   25,646,655 1.11 1,132,049 24,514,606 1.16
                    Capital outlay   9,060,973 3.09 638,680 8,422,293 3.33
               Solid waste management   16,118,074 0.78 1,988,206 14,129,868 0.89
                    Capital outlay   1,711,759 6.94 202,964 1,508,795 7.88
         
          Governmental administration:          
               Financial administration   25,914,270 0.18 14,412,861 11,501,409 0.39
               Judicial and legal   23,573,382 0.10 10,150,957 13,422,425 0.18
               General public buildings 7,626,159 0.55 1,974,203 5,651,956 0.75
               Other governmental administration    13,613,154 0.39 3,153,800 10,459,354 0.51
          Interest on general debt   64,553,539 0.15 26,775,657 37,777,882 0.25
         
          General expenditure, n.e.c.          
               Miscellaneous commercial activities   342,994 0.25 267,341 75,653 1.14
               Other and unallocable   69,528,056 0.40 28,027,105 41,500,951 0.67
         
     Utility expenditure 99,519,422 0.35 8,365,190 91,154,232 0.38
               Capital outlay   20,357,369 1.22 2,757,919 17,599,450 1.41
          Water supply   32,068,862 1.06 171,833 31,897,029 1.07
          Electric power   35,263,985 0.12 2,535,897 32,728,088 0.13
          Gas supply   4,645,075 0.66 4,481 4,640,594 0.67
          Transit   27,541,500 0.03 5,652,979 21,888,521 0.03
         
     Liquor store expenditure   3,346,004 0.09 2,819,785 526,219 0.57
         
     Insurance trust expenditure 108,400,172 0.00 91,113,068 17,287,104 0.00
          Unemployment compensation   17,778,918 0.00 17,711,847 67,071 0.00
          Employee retirement   80,222,370 0.00 63,002,337 17,220,033 0.00
          Workers' compensation   8,146,935 0.00 8,146,935 - 0.00
          Other insurance trust   2,251,949 0.00 2,251,949 - 0.00
         
 Debt outstanding   1,283,560,187 0.28 483,117,137 800,443,050 0.44
         
Short-term    17,252,089 1.08 2,169,350 15,082,739 1.23
Long-term    1,266,308,098 0.28 480,947,787 785,360,311 0.45
     Full faith and credit   456,626,191 0.42 124,653,314 331,972,877 0.58
     Nonguaranteed   809,681,907 0.34 356,294,473 453,387,434 0.61
         
Long-term debt by purpose          
     Public debt for private purposes   335,837,849 0.29 202,281,788 133,556,061 0.73
     Education   218,703,275 0.28 69,838,285 148,864,990 0.41
     Utilities   182,794,589 0.87 16,730,187 166,064,402 0.95
     Other   528,972,385 0.55 192,097,527 336,874,858 0.86
Long-term debt issued   204,351,394 0.57 83,439,009 120,912,385 0.96
Long-term debt retired   144,635,530 0.61 58,148,210 86,487,320 1.02
         
 Cash and security holdings   2,890,228,139 0.09 2,058,592,849 831,635,290 0.30
         
Insurance trust funds   1,782,285,588 0.00 1,496,152,634 286,132,954 0.00
     Unemployment compensation    45,821,016 0.00 45,655,321 165,695 0.00
     Employee retirement   1,680,092,165 0.00 1,394,124,906 285,967,259 0.00
     Workers' compensation   54,522,567 0.00 54,522,567 - 0.00
     Miscellaneous   1,849,840 0.00 1,849,840 - 0.00
         
Other than insurance trust funds   1,107,942,551 0.23 562,440,215 545,502,336 0.46
     By purpose          
          Offsets to debt   423,662,242 0.11 243,731,625 179,930,617 0.25
          Bond funds   118,995,142 0.29 31,373,986 87,621,156 0.39
          Other   565,285,167 0.42 287,334,604 277,950,563 0.85
1 Duplicative intergovernmental transactions are excluded.
Abbreviations and symbols:  -  zero or rounds to zero;  (NA)   not available;  (X)   not applicable
Population source: Internet table. Population Estimates Program, released December 31, 1998.
Personal income source: Survey of Current Business (October 2000) BEA, released September 12, 2000.

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Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Governments Division


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