This class includes processes and apparatus for: (1) Producing
strands of indefinite length by means of a twisting, twining and/or
untwisting operation; (2) Twisting filamentary and/or fibrous
material into yarns, threads, cords, ropes, wire ropes, cables,
etc.; (3) Other operations such as attenuating, drafting or drawing
fibrous material, when combined with twisting or twining, and not
elsewhere classified; (4) Covering cores of indefinite length when
including or followed by a twisting or twining Operation. The products
of the above are also included where not elsewhere classified.
(1)
Note. Spinning, as it is known in the art with reference to
the production of yarns, etc., from cotton, wool and/or
other fibrous materials, includes the attenuating, drawing or drafting
of the fibrous material, together with the twisting and winding
thereof. See Subclass References to the Current Class, below. Subcombinations
of spinning devices (except drawing, which is found elsewhere; see
References to Other Classes, below) are found elsewhere in this
class.
It is noted that "silk throwing" is sometimes spoken
of as "spinning". The term is considered properly
applied only when operating on short fiber silk or short lengths
of artificial filaments or waste of such, and in the same manner
as cotton, wool and other fibrous materials are spun.
(2)
Note. The term "twisting couple" as employed
in this class defines that part of a spinning or twisting machine
comprising a strand receiver and an element cooperating therewith
to twist and wind the strand material. One element of the couple
by its rotation or revolution twists the strand. The relative rotation
between one element and the other causes the winding when the elements
are concentric or coaxial.
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
The term "spinning" is sometimes applied
to the production of artificial filaments by extrusion of material through
a spinneret. Apparatus for such production of the filaments with
or without subsequent twist thereof is in Class 425, Plastic Articles
or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus, subclasses 66 and
67+.
The line between this class and Class 174, Electricity: Conductors
and Insulators, is as follows: Patents claiming only conductor structure
are found in Class 174. Patents claiming strand structure of twisted
or twined form and not limited to conductors are found in this class (57),
subclasses 200+.
The line between this class (57) and Class 29, Metal Working,
is as follows: Original patents claiming method of, or means for
twisting a plurality of elongated filamentary materials together
to form a solid cable or "wire rope" are found:
(a) in this class (57) if the material is nonmetal or if the material
is metal that is clearly not stressed beyond its elastic limit;
or (b) in Class 29 if the material is metal that is operated upon
as by tension, stress beyond elastic limit, or equivalent deformation,
to produce a "permanent" set in the material.
Within Class 29, subclasses 428+ is the locus of method
claims, and subclasses 700+ the locus of apparatus claims,
directed to the subject matter set forth above.
SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
for the attenuating, drawing or drafting of fibrous
material, together with the twisting and winding thereof.
(1)
Note. Since continuous filamentary material ordinarily cannot
be drafted, the term "spinning" as employed in
this class cannot be applied to the twisting of silk in filamentary
form, continuous artificial filaments, wires, etc. Consequently,
search for devices for operating on such material should not be
made in subclass 315.
Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, particularly
subclasses 103 , 145+, 164, and 165+ for processes
for production of artificial filaments by extrusion through a spinneret
with or without subsequent twisting thereof.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising apparatus for spinning, twisting,
or twining, processes involving the use of such apparatus not classified
elsewhere, or processes for spinning, twisting, or twining not limited
to the use of such apparatus.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of these subclasses indented hereunder,
which subject matter is defined in apparatus terms, should be understood
to encompass the apparatus as defined and processes involving the
use of such apparatus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Apparatus for both stapilizing and twisting continuous filament
yarns or bundles to produce spun or simulated spun yarn.
(1)
Note. The stapilizing operation may be performed upon individual
continuous filaments, a tow or slightly twisted bundle of such filaments,
or upon a yarn produced by twisting such filaments.
Textiles: Fiber Preparation,
subclasses .3+ for the combination of a significantly claimed
stapilizing process or apparatus with a twisting method or means
not claimed significantly, also for stapilizing processes and apparatus
per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Devices for untwisting or untwining strand material and
leading at least one of the former component strands away from the
untwisting zone along a path distinct from that followed by the
remainder of such component strands.
Metal Working,
subclass 202.5 for a cable wrapping device which "sets" the
wrapping material by means other than the mere application, and
see (1) Note thereunder.
Package Making, appropriate subclasses for methods of and apparatus for
encompassing or encasing goods or materials with a separate cover
or band which serves as means for identifying, protecting or unit
handling the goods or materials, especially
subclasses 203+ and subclasses 204 and 210+ indented thereunder
for apparatus to wrap a contents to form a package.
Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, appropriate subclasses for laminating processes and apparatus
and especially
subclasses 51+ for covering electrical conductors of indefinite
length, subclasses 169+ for processes of winding strands
about a core, and subclasses 184+ for processes of winding
a sheet or web about a core.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Devices including means for opening a twisted or twined
strand having a core, removing the core, inserting a new core, and
closing the remaining strands about such new core.
(1)
Note. The strand structure is usually untwisted for removal
of the old core and retwisted after insertion of the new core, in
a continuous operation, in which case the total twisting operation
consists of the imposition of a temporary or false twist.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Devices for feeding and wrapping horsehair, grass, quillstock,
and the like with one or more strands. Quillstock is prepared from
quills of feathers.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Apparatus for applying loosely associated, untwisted or
substantially untwisted fibers spirally about a core. Compacting
the fibers about the core is included, when in combination with the
applying means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Devices combined with apparatus for performing operations
other than twisting, covering or wrapping, and not elsewhere classified.
(1)
Note. With the exception of coating or impregnating, the other
operations are usually precedent or concomitant with the twisting
operation. Twisting operations combined with subsequent operations
are usually classified with the final operation. See the Search
Notes below.
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Devices including means to apply a fluid or plastic material
to the wrapping, the core, and/or to the completed article.
Coating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for coating apparatus, per
se, and see Treatment of Textiles or Leather in the class definition
for the line between Class 118 and the textile classes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Devices having means for incorporating pulverulent material
into the twisted strand. For example, this subclass includes incorporation of
gunpowder as in fuse making.
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Devices provided with means to preform or shape the wire
or strand before the covering or wrapping operation. This operation
is usually for the purpose of preventing backtwist or to cause even
laying of the strands about the core.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Apparatus wherein the supply of covering strands is revolved
about the core and moved longitudinally thereof during the covering operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Apparatus wherein the core is rotated bodily to wind the
covering strand thereon. Either the supply for the covering strand
may be moved longitudinally of the core or the core may have an
additional longitudinal movement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Apparatus wherein means is provided in addition to the covering
or wrapping means to twist the core concomitantly with the covering thereof,
or to twist the completed strand, including the core, following
or simultaneously with the application of the covering.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus wherein the wrapping material is fed from supply
reels or bobbins which are mounted for rotation coaxially of the
core.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus where in the wrapping material is fed from supply
reels or bobbins which are mounted for rotation coaxially of the
core.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Apparatus wherein the wrapping material is fed from supply
reels or bobbins which are mounted for rotation coaxially of the
core.
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Implements used in connection with splicing, such as those
used to separate the strands of a rope or cable to facilitate the
splicing operation.
(1)
Note. For needles of general application, see search notes
below.
(2)
Note. For hand implements employed in knot tying operations,
see search notes below.
Joints and Connections,
subclasses 206+ for a joint of general application involving a
curved or bent rod, subclass 275 for a joint involving a stranded
rod wherein the rod is deformed by an element inserted between the
strands and subclass 291 for a joint involving a flexible member
in general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Means for forming strands, usually ornamental, by twisting
two or more strands or filaments together to bind in numerous short
transverse threads or filaments.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Devices having means for doubling the strands after the
initial twist is made to permit the reverse twist.
This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Devices having also devices inserted between the doubled
strands to hold back the reverse twist as it is made and insure
an even laying thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Apparatus having means to insert additional hard twist to
cause the strand to curl or coil about its longitudinal axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Apparatus having means for feeding individual hairs, stalks
of straw or the like successively to a machine for forming them
into a yarn.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Devices for twisting paper or paper-like material, such
as synthetic tape, asbestos paper, etc., in ribbon form with or
without the addition of fibrous material to form yarns or cords
therefrom.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Devices having additional means for applying fluid or plastic
material to the paper or paper-like material, concomitantly with
the twisting operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Apparatus for forming hollow ropes or strands by twisting
or twining operations. These machines usually involve twisting or
twining of strands upon a hollow mandrel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Means for twining or twisting together two or more strands,
in which strands from a plurality of sources of supply extend to
a closing point with the strand from at least one such source being
revolved (as by a flyer) about at least one other such supply source
before being intertwisted or intertwined with the remaining strand
or strands.
(1)
Note. In a typical structure of this type, most of the strand
supply sources are mounted substantially co-axially within an elongated
cradle, tube, cage, or flyer, and the strands are led to points
away from the axis of such structure (to clear other supply sources)
and thence along the structure toward a closing point which is beyond
the confines of the flyer but located on the axis thereof. The revolution,
about the remaining packages, of the strand(s) to be twisted is
like the revolution of the rope about the jumper in rope skipping.
(2)
Note. The component strands are laid together in adjacent
helical convolutions, with or without twisting of the individual strands
forming such convolutions. Such individual component twisting depends upon
the revolution of the individual supply source, from which the component
strand emanates, about an axis substantially parallel to that of
the unwinding strand.
(3)
Note. The devices of this subclass are distinguished from
those of subclass 58.49 in that here a strand does not necessarily
pass in a loop about its own supply. Multiple twisters, however,
may be found as subcombinations of the apparatus of this and indented
subclasses.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.3. Devices for maintaining a desired rate of rotation of the
supply source carrier or cradle relative to a fixed point (such
as the machine frame).
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.3. Means including a support for a spool-carrying cradle which
comprises a part of the joint structure for assembling two sections
of a built-up tube or flyer, or which comprises a tube or flyer supporting
and/or driving disc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.3. Apparatus wherein means are provided for guiding strands
along the strand revolving structure (e.g., tube or flyer) in the
direction of the closing point.
(1)
Note. The guiding means herein classified are exclusive of
the means for guiding the strands from the tube frame or flyer to
the closing point for which see the search notes below.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.36. Devices including means for rotating the guiding means about
its own axis, which axis is substantially parallel to the axis of
the strand revolving structure.
(1)
Note. Such guides usually function to control torsion in the
strands to be intertwined while they are being led toward the closing
point.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Devices in which a loop or balloon of strand material being
twisted is revolved about its own supply or take-up package.
(1)
Note. Two twists are produced for each revolution of a single
loop about its package. Further twist may be added (or subtracted)
by the introduction of an additional loop of the strand revolving about
its package in the sense opposite to (or the same as) that of the
first loop. For patents disclosing such plural co-axial loops, see
subclass 58.61 indented hereunder.
(2)
Note. These devices differ from the devices in subclass 58.3
in that the latter must include at least one strand loop revolving
about the package of another strand. Unitary multiple twist devices,
of the type found in this and indented subclasses, may constitute
a subcombination of a skip type strander; see, for example patent
2,499,245 to Harmon, in subclass 58.32 above.
(3)
Note. Either the supply package or the take-up package, or
both, may be rotated or revolved to produce an additional or subtractive
twist.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.49. Apparatus comprising a multiple twist device which is additionally
effective to strand, ply, or intertwine two or more strands, or
the combination of a multiple twist device with stranding, plying,
or intertwining means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.52. Means provided with two or more complete unitary multiple
twist units operating on strands to be stranded or laid together.
(1)
Note. A multiple twist unit is composed of a strand package
and means to revolve at least one loop of the strand about such package.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.54. Devices in which strands supplied by a plurality of multiple
twist units are stranded or laid by a succeeding multiple twist
unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.52. Apparatus comprising a multiple twist device which is additionally
effective to impart false twist to a strand being twisted, or the
combination of a multiple twist device with associated false twisting
means.
(1)
Note. Means to prevent twist occurring at the normal or usual
twisting point, and causing it to appear later, are properly classified
in this subclass; see, for example, patent 1,907,551 to Kraft, which appears
as a cross reference in this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.4. Devices comprising a multiple twist device which is additionally
effective to impart false twist to a strand being twisted, or the
combination of a multiple twist device with associated false twisting
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.49. Devices in which two or more loops or balloons of the same
strand are revolved coaxially about the strand package.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.49. Means including synchronously rotated loop-forming flyer
members whose centers of rotation are located, one on either side
of the strand package, at axially spaced points on the path of travel
of the strand.
(1)
Note. For inclusion in this subclass, the invention must relate
to plural flyers individually driven. Patents directed to plural
connected flyers, only one of which is driven, are classified according to
characteristics other than the multi-part nature of the strand revolving means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.65. Means in which the strand winding guide is revolved about
the package, or the package is reciprocated to provide relative
traverse of the strand in winding.
Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,
subclasses 484+ for a traverse mechanism for shifting a material
take-up guide and 474.6 for a winding device having a material guide
that revolves around a take-up.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.65. Apparatus in which the winding bobbin or reel is driven,
through slippable means, by the flyer drive, thus incorporating
a flexible drive which is responsive to the varying load demands
of the package and strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.49. Devices having means for positively feeding the strands
to, through, or from the multiple twist device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.72. Means in which the control over the package is exercised
to prevent or reduce vibration of the package or its support.
(1)
Note. Control means which operate only to diminish the amplitude
of oscillation of the package holder about its mounting axis are
not considered to be vibration dampers for this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.72. Devices in which at least one magnetic field of force extends
between the package or package carrier structure and another part
of the device and operates to control the motion of the package.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.72. Apparatus wherein a train of gearing extends from the package
or package carrier structure to another part of the device and operates
to control motion of such package.
(1)
Note. The gearing often is of the planetary type.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.72. Devices in which the package or package carrier is provided
with means which, being acted upon by gravity, operates to maintain
the carrier stationary; or in which the package or its carrier is
so configurated or so inclined that the weight thereof tends to
prevent motion of the carrier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.49. Apparatus provided with means for guiding, guarding, or
controlling a strand in its passage to, through, or from the multiple
twist device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.83. Means in which the strand is controlled by winding on a
drum or pulley co-axial with the flyer.
(1)
Note. The strand winds and unwinds in response to variations
in tension in the loop, thus providing "storage in transit" for
a variable amount of running strand material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Devices in which a strand or strands are twisted by rotation
of the source of supply of material to be twisted relative to the
axis of the strand being formed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices combined with a twisting couple for giving additional
twist and winding the finished product.
(1)
Note. These are strictly multiple twist devices, but it is
to be noted that in subclasses 58.49+ the twisting device
is unitary and the one twisting couple inserts the plural twist.
(2)
Note. Combinations of receiving twist and delivery twist are
included here even though the delivery twist is only for the purpose
of taking out the twist of unwinding.
This subclass is indented under subclass 60. Devices including means automatically or manually operated
for stopping or starting both the supply and twisting couple.
(1)
Note. For devices for stopping or starting covering or wrapping
apparatus, see this class, subclass 19.
(2)
Note. For devices for stopping or starting the supply alone
or the couple alone, see this class, subclasses 78+.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Devices having means for twisting individual groups of two
or more strand elements and concomitantly, by continued operation
of the machine, twisting said groups together and winding them upon
a receiver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices having means for twisting individual groups of two
or more strand elements and concomitantly, by continued operation
of the machine twisting said groups together.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices wherein the strand supplying devices in addition
to being revolved about the axis of the twisted structure, have
a rotation relative to the strands fed therefrom.
(1)
Note. Search also this class, subclasses 14, 63 and 64.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Devices in which the winding or receiving element for the
strand or filamentary material is rotated or revolved to accomplish
the twisting and winding. Twisting couples are classified here and
in the subclasses indented hereunder.
(1)
Note. For twisting couples combined with covering or wrapping
apparatus, see this class, subclass 12.
(2)
Note. For multiple receiving twist devices, see this class,
subclasses 58.49+.
(3)
Note. For twisting couples combined with delivery twist devices,
see this class, subclasses 60 and 61.
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Apparatus in which the twist is imparted to the strand by
the rotation of a cradle carrying the strand receiving package.
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Receiving twist devices having thread guiding means mounted
for rotation about an axis usually coincident with the axis of a
strand receiver or holder.
(1)
Note. For unitary devices of this type for producing a multiple
twist with each rotation, see this class, subclasses 58.49+.
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Devices wherein the strand receiver is rotated by the pull
of the material being twisted and wound. Usually some friction means
is provided to retard and govern the rotation of the receiver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Coaxially arranged twisting couples having means for traversing
either a guide for the twisted strand or the receiver upon which
the twisted strand is being wound.
(1)
Note. Search also this class, subclasses 68, 69 and 70.
(2)
Note. See this class, subclass 99, for traversing of driven
elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Devices wherein the strand receiver is rotated by the pull
of the material being twisted and wound. Usually some friction means
is provided to retard and govern and rotation of the receiver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Twisting couples in which the tip of the bobbin or spindle
is constructed to assist in the twisting operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Receiving twist type apparatus having a stationary strand
twisting and laying device cooperating with the strand receiver.
The stationary device is usually cup-shaped and is provided with
a bearing or raceway for the strand portion which slips around the
receiver.
(1)
Note. For caps, per se, see this class, subclass 127.
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Receiving twist devices comprising buckets, pots, etc.,
known in the trade as "spinning pots" or "spinning
buckets," usually employed for collecting freshly formed
artificial filaments. This subclass includes also the funnels or
guides for depositing or guiding the filaments to the interior of
the pot.
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Devices provided with means for rotating the pots. This
subclass includes electric drives especially designed for rotating
the pot, and also means to reciprocate the guide and/or
the pot. Couplings when embodied as a part of or a modification
of the drive and the pot are also included.
(1)
Note. Other drives are in this class, subclasses 92+.
(3)
Note. Couplings, per se, are in Class 403, Joints and Connections.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Spinning or twisting machines provided with means either
manually or automatically operated to facilitate the stopping and/or
starting thereof.
(1)
Note. For covering or wrapping machines combined with stopping
or starting devices, see this class, subclass 19.
(2)
Note. For starting and stopping devices for mule type spinning
machines, see this class, subclasses 320+.
(3)
Note. For delivery twist devices combined with twisting couples
and provided with means to stop or start both the supply and the
twisting couple, see this class, subclass 61.
(4)
Note. For other textile machines equipped with starting and
stopping means or for starting and stopping means of general application.
Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,
subclasses 472.9+ , 484.9+, 479.9+ and 484.8 for
a helical winding device having controls responsive to material condition
or the state of a winding operation including controls for stopping
and starting the winding device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Devices wherein the traverse or movement of an element of
a twisting couple during winding of strand material controls the
stopping, under predetermined conditions, usually when sufficient
material is wound on the receiver. Such devices may be associated
with the ring rail, the bobbin rail, or the builder motion, or an
element moving synchronously therewith.
(1)
Note. For traversing driving mechanism without stopping and
starting, see this class, subclass 99.
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Devices wherein the condition of the strand or material
being operated on controls the stopping, as by failure, exhaustions,
too much or too little tension, undue accumulations, etc.
(1)
Note. Search also Class 66, Textiles: Knitting, subclasses
158+.
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Devices in which electrical energy is utilized to operate
the stop mechanism, the strand detector or responsive device usually
operating to close or open an electric control circuit.
Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers,
subclasses 61.13+ for electrical switches which are controlled by threads
or strands; see subclass 61.14 where the switch is controlled by
a knot or change in diameter of the thread or strand, and subclass
61.18 where the switch is controlled by the slack, breakage, run-out
or failure to travel along its intended path.
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices in which one feed roll of a pair is separated from
its driving roll to render the feeding action inoperative.
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices wherein the strand or strands being fed are laterally
moved with respect to the bite of the feeding rolls to effect stopping
and starting.
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices acting upon failure of one or more strands to sever
or part the unbroken strands to thereby stop the feed.
(1)
Note. Search also Classes 66, Textiles: Knitting, subclass
159.
Winding Tensioning, or Guiding,
subclass 487.3 for a helical winding device having means for severing
a strand responsive to detection of a defect in it.
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Devices in which the strands are gripped in advance of the
feed means to cause them to be parted by the continued operation
of the feed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Devices provided with means to move a spindle laterally
toward and away from its driving means to effect stopping and starting.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Rotary devices or means for positively moving or conducting
strand or filamentary material to or through a twisting or spinning
machine.
(1)
Note. For means for feeding hair, grass or the like to twisting
machines, see this class, subclass 30.
(2)
Note. Feeding devices in the form of capstans mounted within
twisting fliers are in this class, subclass 68.
(3)
Note. For feeding means stopping, see this class, subclasses
78+, particularly subclasses 83+.
Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate subclasses for methods of, and apparatus
for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing
ends to effect movement of the material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Devices having means to feed a strand or one or more of
a plurality of strands variably or intermittently to produce slubs,
nubs or other variations in the twisted product.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Means for driving, spinning, twisting or twining machines
or parts thereof, not elsewhere classifiable.
(1)
Note. This subclass and those indented hereunder do not include
driving means for spinning mules, for which see this class, subclasses
320+.
(2)
Note. For driving means for spinning, twisting or twining
machine wherein the novelty resides in stopping or starting mechanism,
see this class, subclasses 19, 61 and 78+.
(3)
Note. For centrifugal spinning pots equipped with driving
connections, see this class, subclass 77.
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Driving devices provided with means to adjust or vary the
speed at which the machines or parts thereof operate.
(1)
Note. For strand feeding means having speed variation for
irregular feeding, see this class, subclass 91.
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Driving devices wherein the speed of the machine or part
thereof is constantly and continuously varied during one complete
cycle of its operation.
(1)
Note. The driving device may provide a short interval wherein
the speed is at a constant maximum.
(2)
Note. For strand feeding means having cyclical speed variation
for irregular feeding, see this class, subclass 91.
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Driving devices having means providing for additional variation
of the speed of the machine or part thereof during each traverse
of a traversing element of the twisting couple. These devices may
be operated from the builder motion.
(1)
Note. For driving means having traverse controlled speed variation
not superposed upon a constant variation, see this class, subclass
98.
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Driving devices of the fly or roving frame type having means
to control or regulate the relative speed of the fliers and cooperating
spools or other receivers, both fliers and receivers being positively
driven.
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Driving devices having means to vary the speed of one or
more pairs of drawing rollers to control the twist and keep it uniform.
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Driving devices provided with means for positively varying
the speed during each cycle of operation of the traversing element
of the twisting couple. This operation may be effected by the builder
motion.
(1)
Note. For traverse-controlled devices for controlling the
slippage of a belt or of friction surfaces, see this class, subclass 92.
(2)
Note. For similar speed adjustment superposed upon a constant
speed variation, see this class, subclass 95.
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Driving devices arranged to drive the traversing mechanism
or to facilitate traversing movement of a driving element for a
twisting couple to cause proper distribution of the strand material
on a receiver. This must be more than a mere splined shaft device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Driving devices including gear wheels or arrangements thereof.
(1)
Note. For gearing, per se, see Class 74, Machine Element or
Mechanism, 475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components,
appropriate subclasses.
Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components, particularly
subclasses 101+ for means for adjusting belt tension in an endless
belt power transmission.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Devices provided with friction or other devices to control
the speed of a nondriven element of a twisting couple.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Devices to engage or grip the strands to limit the distance
that the twist may extend back from the twisting couple. These devices
are usually shown and claimed in combination with condensing or
polishing heads.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Strand twisting or laying devices having thread guiding
means and mounted for rotation about an axis usually coincident
with the axis of the strand, bobbin or spool.
(1)
Note. For fliers provided with means to facilitate doffing
or donning, see this class, subclasses 276+.
(2)
Note. Fliers of the rope machine type, sometimes called "rotating
cradles", will be found in this class, subclasses 60, 61 and
66-75. Fliers in combination are also found in these subclasses.
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Fliers usually associated with delivery twist bobbins, in
machines such as silk throwing machines, to facilitate the unwinding
and twisting operations.
(1)
Note. Devices of this type not associated with twisting devices
will be found in Class 242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclass
128.
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Fliers having means urged against the wound mass for compacting
and assisting in the even laying of the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Devices comprising stationary annular raceways for a sliding
guide used in twisting strand material. The sliding guide or traveler
is moved along the raceway or ring by the pull of the strand being
twisted and wound. Travelers in combination with the rings are included.
(1)
Note. For receiving twist spinning organizations of ring and
traveler type, see this class, subclass 75.
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Devices provided with means to supply lubricant to the ring
and/or the traveler. This subclass does not include patents
disclosing the conventional lubrication wherein lubricant is manually
smeared on the traveler contacting surface of the ring at intervals,
but does include means which are inherently self lubricating.
(1)
Note. Lubrication systems for ring groups are in Class 184,
Lubrication, subclass 6 and indented subclasses.
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Rings and travelers wherein the traveler is of the bar type,
that is, the traveler comprises a bar which is positioned as a chord
with respect to the ring with which it cooperates.
(1)
Note. For bar type travelers, per se, see this class, subclass
126.
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. The sliding guides per se used in ring spinning or twisting
and adapted to be used on spinning or twisting rings to twist and
lay a strand on a cop tube, spool, or other strand receiver.
(1)
Note. Where the sliding guide, per se, is recited solely in
terms of the composition or stock that makes up the article, the
sliding guide is classifiable in the appropriate composition or
stock class. Sliding guides defined solely by plastic compositions
are classified in Class 106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, appropriate
subclass, except if the composition includes a synthetic resin or
a natural rubber in which case the article will be classified in
Class 520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers. If the sliding guide is
recited solely in terms of stock material, it will be classified
in Class 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses
544+ for stock material which is all metal or has adjacent
metal components.
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Travelers comprising a bar which is normally arranged as
a chord with respect to the ring with which it cooperates.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Stationary strand twisting and laying devices usually cup-shaped
and cooperating with a strand receiver having a bearing or raceway
for the strand upon which it slips around the receiver.
(1)
Note. For receiving twist type organizations of cap type,
see this class, subclass 74.
This subclass is indented under subclass 127.5. Means for supporting a bobbin or spool and adjustable to
compensate for strand packages of different sizes or for wear of
the contacting parts or to facilitate assembly.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Elements especially adapted to cooperate with strand twisting
and laying devices to receive the thread in the form of a cop or
thread package. These elements include spindles, bobbins, etc.,
and combinations thereof not elsewhere provided for.
(1)
Note. For centrifugal spinning pots, per se, see this class,
subclasses 76 and 77.
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Elements combined with a driving pulley. This pulley is
known under many names, as whirl, whorl, wharle, wharve, etc.
(1)
Note. For spindle tip type whirl driven receiving elements,
see this class, subclass 73.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Elements adapted to engage and hold the strand during doffing,
starting or other operations. These devices are primarily intended
to insure proper starting of the strand on its receiver.
(1)
Note. For other means for facilitating doffing or donning,
see this class, subclasses 276+.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Elements provided with means to prevent accidental removal
of a spindle from its socket during removal of a bobbin or spool
therefrom.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Horizontal bars, constituting parts of spinning or twisting
machines, adapted to support a plurality of twisting couples or
elements thereof. Bushings, centering and adjusting means for the
rails are here included.
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Rails especially adapted to support the ring and traveler
twisting elements, including mountings, bushings, centering and/or
adjusting means for the rails.
(1)
Note. Supports for individual rings are in this class, subclasses
122+.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Elements usually forming parts of cordage, rope or cable
machines for compressing, guiding, and shaping strands during laying
into a cord, rope or cable.
(1)
Note. For dies and mandrels combined with nippers, see this
class, subclass 114.
(2)
Note. For other strand guiding and guarding devices, see this
class, subclasses 352+.
(3)
Note. For metal bending mandrels, see Class 72, Metal Deforming,
various subclasses, and particularly subclasses 64+, 66,
127+, and 476+.
(4)
Note. For metal drawing dies and mandrels, see Class 72, Metal
Deforming, subclasses 274+ and 462+.
(5)
Note. For burnishing wire, cord, and other strands, see Class
29, Metal Working, subclasses 90.01+ and 90.5.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising indefinite length twisted structures
made by the machines or process falling within this class and not
elsewhere provided for.
(1)
Note. To be placed in this subclass, there must be a claimed
twisted or twined constituent in the strand. Certain terms, such as
plied, doubled, twined, roving, spun staple fiber yarn, etc., are
accepted as denoting a twisted strand, and if used in a claim, classification
in Class 57 is indicated, provided all other requirements therefore
are met and provided that the disclosure of the patent does not
clearly define the product as one devoid of strand structure (e.g.,
twisted, covered, and/or wrapped) as provided by this class.
(2)
Note. A web or sheet product, distinguished only by the twisted,
covered, and/or wrapped strand employed in its manufacture,
is included in this subclass and the indented subclasses.
(3)
Note. Search the appropriate subclasses of this class for
processes and apparatus for making twisted strand structures.
Resilient Tires and Wheels,
subclass 451 for cord reinforcement material used in pneumatic
tires in areas other than belt, breaker or carcass; subclasses 556,
557 and 558+ for arrangement of carcass reinforcing cords;
and subclass 562 for cords used in beads.
Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing means or process,
subclass 537 for a dynamic, circumferential contact seal for
other than a piston contained or compressed by a gland in a packing
box having braided, woven, or twisted material or construction.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 98+ and 221+ for web or sheet product including
some defined structure other than or in addition to the structure
of the constituent strands, per se; and subclasses 364+ for
coated or structurally defined fiber, strand, or filament. See the
main definition of Class 428, section VI, C (2, a) for the line
between Class 428 and Class 57.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein the twisted structure is formed into
an endless band and is usually used as a driving band.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein two ends are joined together to form
a splice solely by a twisting or twining operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter comprising ornamental strands formed by twisting
two or more strands together to bind in numerous transverse threads or
thread filaments.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein succeeding portions of the strand
unit in the longitudinal direction are oppositely twisted; these
are also known as S-Z twisted strands.
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Subject matter wherein the alternately twisted strand is
comprised of filamentary or fibrous material, each filament or fiber
of which has been transversely deformed or distended into a nonlinear
configuration of coils, loops, crinkles, etc.
Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 168 for extrusion of filaments combined with crimping.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses 369+ and
373+ for crimped fibers and filaments.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein the diameter of the strand is nonuniform
along the longitudinal axis of the strand.
(1)
Note. These strands are commonly known as novelty yarns, effect
yarns, thick and thin yarns, slub yarns, etc., and are deliberately
produced for a special effect.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter wherein the longitudinal variation is effected
by a discontinuous or irregular covering or wrapping about a core.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter wherein the longitudinal variation is effected
by a discontinuous varying, or irregular amount of crimp, bulkiness,
loopiness, etc., along the longitudinal axis of the strand.
Textiles: Manufacturing,
subclasses 247+ for crimping or texturing strands by operations
other than twist crimping; and subclasses 252+ for producing
discontinuous or irregular crimps.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter wherein the longitudinal variation is effected
by the presence of additional fibrous material introduced intermittently along
the length of the strand and in the form of knots, beads, lumps,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein the strand structure is formed by
winding fibrous, filamentous, or strand material spirally about
a core.
Electricity: Conductors and Insulators,
subclasses 68.1+ and 137+ for twisted strands having elements imparting
conductive or insulative qualities to the strand.
Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts,
subclasses 51+ for a flexible coupling or a shaft which may include twisted
strands.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein two or more covered or wrapped strands
are twisted together or about each other to form a plied twisted
structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Subject matter wherein the individual component of each
layer is a stranded structure made of a plurality of elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Subject matter wherein the individual components of the
covered or wrapped strand structure or the strand structure as a
whole have a cross section other than round.
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strands are
coated or impregnated with a liquid or plastic material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter wherein the wire is wrapped as a layer about
the core and each component of the layer is a stranded structure
made of a plurality of wire elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter wherein the individual components of the
covered or wrapped strand structure or the strand structure as a
whole have a cross section other than round.
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strands are
coated or impregnated with a liquid or plastic material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strands are
coated or impregnated with a liquid or plastic material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein individual, loosely associated, untwisted,
or substantially untwisted fibers form the spiral wrap for the core.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the core is composed of elastomeric
material such as rubber or elastic polyurethane textile fiber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strand having
a core of elastomeric material includes filamentous or fibrous material
which has been transversely deformed or distended into a nonlinear
configuration of coils, crinkles, loops, crimps, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strand includes
filamentous or fibrous material which has been transversely deformed
or distended into a nonlinear configuration of coils, crinkles,
loops, crimps, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein the core is composed of filamentous
or fibrous material which has been transversely deformed or distended
into a nonlinear configuration of coils, crinkles, loops, crimps,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strand contains
filamentous or fibrous material composed of glass.
Glass Manufacturing,
subclasses 376+ for processes of manufacturing glass fibers, filaments,
or preforms, especially subclass 444 for glass wrapping or covering.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein each component of the spirally wrapped
layer is a stranded structure made of a plurality of strand elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strand is
coated or impregnated with a liquid or plastic material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strand is
made wholly or in part of natural or synthetic paperlike or tapelike
material in ribbon form.
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strand is
coated or impregnated with a material such that the strand material
bonds or adheres together in a unitary structure.
Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
subclasses 51+ for making a conductor of indefinite length combined
with adhesive bonding; and subclasses 148+ for adhesive
bonding with a broadly recited textile operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the covered or wrapped strand is
made wholly or in part of natural or synthetic paperlike or tapelike
material in ribbon form.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter composed of two or more individual strand
units twisted about each other.
(1)
Note. The individual strand unit may be a yarn or other strand
structure which is usually itself twisted prior to being plied and
the structure thereof can be discerned in the plied structure. However,
a multifilament strand which is twisted would not be considered
a plied strand for this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 238. Subject matter wherein at least one of the components of
the plied strand structure includes filamentous or fibrous material
which has been transversely deformed or distended into a nonlinear
configuration of coils, crinkles, loops, crimps, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter wherein the plied strand structure includes
glass material in filamentous or fibrous form.
Glass Manufacturing,
subclasses 376+ for processes of manufacturing glass fibers, filaments,
or preforms, especially subclass 438 for producing twisted or textured
glass fibers.
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Subject matter wherein the plied strand is coated or impregnated
with a material such that the strand material bonds or adheres together
in a unitary structure.
Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
subclasses 51+ for making a conductor of indefinite length combined
with adhesive bonding; and subclasses 148+ for adhesive
bonding with a broadly recited textile operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Subject matter wherein the composite multifilament yarn
includes filamentous or fibrous material which has been transversely
deformed or distended into a nonlinear configuration of coils, crinkles,
loops, crimps, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter wherein the multifilament yarn includes filamentous
or fibrous material which has been transversely deformed or distended into
a nonlinear configuration of coils, crinkles, loops, crimps, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter wherein the crimp is the type which was effected
by a twisting and setting operation, e.g., a false twist crimping
operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter wherein the multifilament yarn includes filamentous
or fibrous material which is of a cross section other than solid
round, such as elliptical, multilobal, hollow, cruciform, etc.
Glass Manufacturing,
subclasses 376+ for processes of manufacturing glass fibers, filaments,
or preforms, especially subclass 438 for producing twisted glass
fibers.
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter wherein the multifilament yarn is coated
or impregnated with a liquid or plastic material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Subject matter wherein multifilament yarn is coated or impregnated
with a material such that the yarn is bonded or adhered together
in a unitary structure.
Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
subclasses 51+ for making a conductor of indefinite length combined
with adhesive bonding; and subclasses 148+ for adhesive
bonding with a broadly recited textile operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein the twisted strand is formed of staple
length fibers of two or more different materials distributed throughout
the length of the strand.
(1)
Note. The fibers of the different materials are usually distributed
homogeneously throughout the strand in any proportion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Subject matter wherein at least one of the fibers in the
strand is of a cross section other than solid round, such as elliptical,
multilobal, hollow, cruciform, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Subject matter wherein at least one of the fibers in the
strand is transversely deformed or distended into a nonlinear configuration
of coils, crinkles, loops, crimps, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Subject matter wherein the strand includes staple fibers
made of synthetic materials, such as nylon, polyester, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Subject matter wherein the strand is made wholly or in part
of natural or synthetic paperlike or tapelike material in ribbon
form.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein the strand is made wholly or in part
of natural or synthetic paperlike or tapelike material in ribbon
form.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein strand ends which have become broken,
separated, or severed during the twisting operation are joined together
on the twisting device so that the twisting operation may be resumed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter wherein the piecing up includes manipulating
the strand through the guide or traveler element in a ring and traveler
type twister.
This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter wherein the piecing up is effected in a twister
of the type wherein a strand is rotated about its axis while the
free-end or "tail" is in contact with, or in proximity to,
a source of supply of loose fiberlike material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the functions of the twisting operations
are continuously or periodically checked or surveyed and are compensated or
changed in response to variations detected during such check or
survey to maintain the twisting operation within pre-established
or acceptable ranges or norms.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the functions of the twisting operation
are continuously or periodically checked or surveyed and variations
of the twisting functions from pre-established or acceptable ranges
or norms are noted or indicated.
Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 658+ and 691+ to determine nonelectrical property
of a material by means of its capacitance, resistance, or conductivity.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein filled or partly filled packages
or bobbins of yarn or strand are positively removed and/or
replaced with empty ones at the work station.
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Subject matter including doffing or donning mechanism having
means adapted to move along the machine frame and to manipulate
the bobbins or packages individually or as a group.
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Subject matter wherein the yarn or strand at the twisting
station being doffed or donned is subjected to preliminary or subsequent
handling or manipulation other than or in addition to the doffing
or donning operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Subject matter wherein the bobbin or package being doffed
or donned is subjected to preliminary or subsequent handling or
manipulation other than or in addition to the doffing or donning
operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Subject matter wherein the carriage usually moves continuously
along the frame and the package or bobbins are doffed or donned
one at a time.
This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Subject matter including means to doff the bobbin or package
by a sudden and relatively large force to propel the bobbin or package from
its receiver, usually in a vertical direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Subject matter wherein the doffing operation is effected
by engaging the package to be doffed beneath the lower end of the
bobbin and lifting or sliding the package vertically off the work station
(e.g., spindle).
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Subject matter wherein the doffing operation is effected
by engaging the package from above the upper end of the bobbin and
lifting or sliding the package vertically off the work station (e.g.,
spindle).
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Subject matter including means to engage the filled or empty
bobbin to grip, grasp, or hold it during the doffing or donning
operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter including an operation which is performed
prior to doffing or donning for the purpose of facilitating the
removal of filled bobbins or packages and/or the replacement thereof
with empty ones.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Subject matter wherein the preparation includes locating
the traversing rail, usually the ring rail, in such a position that
doffing or donning can be effected.
(1)
Note. The line between this subclass and Class 242 for this
subject matter is as follows: If the traverse or builder motion is
claimed or if the resetting of the rail is claimed, then the original
patent is placed in Class 242.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Subject matter wherein the preparation includes engaging
or manipulating the strand at the twisting station being doffed
or donned so that the doffing or donning operation can be effected.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the strand to be twisted is directed
or guided to or through the twisting station during or prior to
the initial start-up of the twisting operation or in preparation
for the initiation of the twisting operation.
Textiles: Manufacturing,
subclass 268 for threading of a stuffer box texturing device;
and subclass 272 for threading or stringing up a fluid jet texturing device.
Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, may include a nominal recitation of a supply or take-up
coil (e.g., less than a support for such a coil or a cooperative
relationship between a tension or exhaust detector and reel driving
or reel stopping means, etc.),
subclass 7 for a process of and subclasses 97.1+ for
apparatus using fluid current to advance the material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter including the moving or transferring of strand
material in package form between, to, or from spinning stations.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the strand, while it is in a twisted
state, is subjected to a treatment, the purpose of which is to impart
a relatively permanent torque to the strand so that the strand will
assume and maintain a creped, textured, or crimped configuration.
for twisting operations wherein the temperature,
humidity, ventilation, etc., of the atmosphere or environment around
the twisting operation is controlled.
This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Subject matter wherein the twist is imparted or set in a
nonuniform manner so that the degree of crepe, texture, or crimp
will vary longitudinally of the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Subject matter wherein the false twist is effected by two
or more running strand portions twisting about one another over
a confined length and the twist is set in this configuration.
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Subject matter including elongating the strand before, during,
or after the false twist crimping operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Subject matter comprising a fluid jet stream which impinges
the strand to impart the false twist to the strand or to treat the
strand in addition to the false twist crimping.
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Subject matter comprising false twist crimping apparatus
wherein the framework is so arranged as to provide a passageway
for operating personnel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the direction of twist imparted to
a portion of a strand is opposite to the direction of twist imparted
to an adjacent portion of the strand and is the same as the direction
of twist imparted to an alternate portion of the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Subject matter including a strand storage and/or
advancing device wherein the length of strand material contained
therein changes periodically or continuously.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein a fluid or plastic treatment is applied
to the fibers being spun or to the strand being twisted, usually
concomitantly with the spinning or twisting operation.
(1)
Note. For purposes of this class, the term "coating
or impregnating" is construed to include the situation
wherein a strand is subjected to an operation wherein it softens
or melts to such an extent that it becomes tacky and adheres or
fuses to adjacent strand material.
(2)
Note. The following Search Class references are directed to
fluid treatment of textile strands involving no twisting.
Coating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, and see Treatment of Textiles or
Leather of the class definition for the line between Class 118 and
the textile classes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 295. Subject matter wherein the coating or impregnation is such
as to cause the strand material being treated to adhere together
in a unitary structure.
Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
subclasses 51+ for making a conductor of indefinite length combined
with adhesive bonding; and subclasses 148+ for adhesive
bonding with a broadly recited textile operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 295. Subject matter wherein coated or impregnated fibrous material
such as sliver or roving, is subjected to a drawing or attenuating
operation while in a wet moist state.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein a length of strand material is wound,
usually during the initial winding of the strand material on the
bobbin and below the normal package windings for the purpose of
connecting the length of strand material to other lengths of strand
material on other bobbin packages during subsequent winding or unwinding
operations.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein lint, waste, foreign matter, or strand
material which has become superfluous during the operation of the machine
is removed.
Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,
subclasses 301+ for air blast and/or suction devices for removing
waste and lint from textile machines; and see (2) Note to subclass
301 for a statement of the line.
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Subject matter wherein lint, fluff, etc., is removed from
a traveler while the twisting apparatus is in operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the temperature, humidity, ventilation,
etc., of a spinning or twisting station is controlled.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the twisted strand is subjected to
a post treatment, such as polishing, drying, heat treating, etc.,
to develop or enhance the final product.
Textiles: Manufacturing,
subclasses 246 , 265+, and 281 for treating crimped or
textured strands to enhance, shrink, or develop them; and subclass
285 for thermal treatment of strands on a bobbin or cop.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the strand being twisted is stretched
or elongated concomitantly with or subsequent to the twisting operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein wires or strands are formed into
substantially the shape they are to have in the final twisted structure.
(1)
Note. The preforming or shaping is usually for the purpose
of preventing backtwist or to facilitate even laying of the strands
in a rope or cable.
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Subject matter including guiding or handling the strand
or package, usually after the centrifugal pot is filled and the
strand therein is to be rewound onto another support.
(1)
Note. Centrifugal spinning pot operations including restarting,
rewinding, package or cheese changing, or strand threading should
be placed as originals in this subclass rather than in subclasses 261,
266+, or 279+.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein a twisted strand wound on a package
is rewound onto another package with or without other strands or
other twisting operations.
(1)
Note. See appropriate subclasses of this class for particular
twisting operation employed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein a plurality of wires or strands are
formed into a twisted structure by twisting or laying-up at a point
between the strand supply and the take-up of the twisted structure.
58.3+, 58.52+, 59+, 66+,
and 293+, for stranding involving a covering or wrapping
operation, an alternating twist operation, a ship-type strander,
a multiple twist type stander, a delivery twist type strander, and
a receiving twist type strander.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein fibrous material, usually in substantially
untwisted condition, as in a sliver or roving, is subjected to an
attenuating or drawing operation combined with a twisting or twining
operation so that the attenuation results in a reduced cross section
in the sliver or roving due to relative longitudinal displacement
of the individual fibers.
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Subject matter comprising manual twisting operations, as
with spinning wheels and the like, usually with no means for feeding
the strands to be spun and producing a single strand.
(1)
Note. The drafting is usually accomplished manually during
the twisting.
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Subject matter wherein the drafting operation includes cyclical
or random variations or fluctuations.
(1)
Note. Such devices may function by changing the relative linear
speeds of feed and delivery means, by changing the distance between
drawing and holding means, or by imparting an intermittent or transitory
motion to the work strand by means additional to the normal drafting
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Subject matter in which at least one of the twisting operations
includes imparting only a false twist to the strand material being
drafted.
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Subject matter wherein the strand material is successively
drafted, twisted, and wound in a cyclic operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter comprising spindles mounted to move toward
and away from a feeding mechanism during the twisting and winding
operation, and the drafting is accomplished by the movement of the
spindles away from the source of supply.
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter comprising means to regulate the speed of
the spindles according to the tension of the yarn through a connection
with the elements which guide and properly lay the yarn upon the
bobbin or other core.
(1)
Note. Compare this class, subclasses 324 and 325.
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter having means for controlling the motion of
elements (e.g., fallers) which guide and tension the yarn during
the twisting and winding operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Subject matter comprising a fixed or adjustable guide bar
having the function of a cam which determines the faller movement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter including means for driving and regulating
the speed of rollers or other devices which feed the fibrous material
to be drafted and twisted.
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Subject matter wherein the fibers are worked and made substantially
parallel by passing between relatively moving surfaces which are almost
in contact and have points or teeth thereon prior to drafting and
twisting.
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Subject matter in which at least one of the twisting operations
includes imparting only a false twist to the strand material being
drafted.
(1)
Note. A false twist is one that is counterbalanced by a simultaneously
produced, equal and opposite twist, as set forth in the definition
of subclass 332.
This subclass is indented under subclass 328. Subject matter wherein an element of the drafting mechanism
is part of, or mounted on, the false twister.
(1)
Note. Such means commonly comprise a twister in which the
twisting and untwisting rotation is imparted to the strand by means
of a pair of revolvable and rotatable rolls and further characterized
by the fact that such rolls are rotated at a speed differing from
that of another cooperating pair of drafting rolls mounted independently
of the twister.
This subclass is indented under subclass 328. Subject matter having means wherein the false twist and
the resultant rotation of the strand material about its axis is
effected by a frictional force or forces applied substantially tangentially
to the periphery of the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Apparatus which produces a twist of filaments or fibers
in one portion of a strand that is equal, and of opposite hand,
to that simultaneously produced in an adjacent portion of the strand.
(1)
Note. Since the algebraic sum of the twistings in the strand
effected by machines of this subclass is zero, the operation is
frequently termed a "false twist".
(2)
Note. Machines of this subclass usually comprise devices which
rotate a portion of a strand about its axis, intermediate its ends,
without rotation of either end of the strand relative to the other,
to produce opposite twists in the strand.
(3)
Note. The devices of this subclass include electrostatic charging
means, devices supported by the yarn being twisted, and twist devices
which are an extension of an electric motor.
Coating Apparatus,
subclass 44 for false twist devices combined with means to
coat a strand (yarn, roving, sliver, etc.) while it is under the
influence of the false twister.
This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Subject matter wherein the false twist is produced by an
inlet in the false twist device through which a jet stream of fluid
matter is introduced tangentially into the twisting zone of the
device, thus creating a false twist in the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Subject matter in which the rotation of the strand material
about its axis is caused by a frictional force or forces applied
substantially tangentially to the periphery of the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Apparatus including at least one pair of rollers through
whose bight the strand passes, and which are revolvable jointly
about an axis which is substantially coincident with the path of
travel of the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter wherein the frictional force for twisting
the strand is created by a portion of a moving belt which rubs against
another portion of the same belt, the strand being twisted in the rubbing
portion of the belt.
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter wherein the frictional force applied to the
yarn strand is created by a surface of a rotating wheellike device
which contacts the strand to produce the false twist.
(1)
Note. The yarn strand is not intended to go through any aperture
which may be in the disc.
(2)
Note. The disc of this subclass is generally thin in thickness
relative to its diameter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter wherein at least one of the plural discs
rotates about an axis which is not common to the axis or axes of
the other disc or discs.
(1)
Note. One or more discs may be on the same axis.
(2)
Note. The axes of this subclass are generally parallel to
one another.
(3)
Note. The yarn being twisted usually follows a tortuous or
zigzag path.
This subclass is indented under subclass 338. Subject matter wherein at least one of the discs on one
of the axes overlaps at least one of the discs on at least one other
axis.
(1)
Note. The terminology "overlap" may be synonymous
with "intermesh" in the event more than two discs
overlap.
This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Subject matter wherein at least a portion of at least one
of the two sides of at least one of the rotating discs makes contact
with another disc side or is so closely spaced from the other disc side
so as to permit a given size yarn strand to be twisted therebetween.
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter wherein the frictional force applied to the
yarn strand is created by the peripheral surface surrounding an
aperture or opening which is formed in a tubelike structure.
(1)
Note. Twisting heads or inserts which are generally used for
replacing a worn-out end of a twist tube which has a removable head
or insert are also in this subclass.
(2)
Note. The yarn strand has to pass through the aperture to
receive the false twist.
This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Subject matter wherein the yarn strand passes through a
longitudinally apertured tubelike device having a means for gripping
or holding the strand against rotation at a point on the strand,
but not against the movement of the strand in its path of movement
through the device.
(1)
Note. Twisting head or inserts having a strand gripping or
holding means which are generally used for replacing a worn-out
end of a twist tube which has a removable head or insert are also
in this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Subject matter including means to mount, support, shield,
or enclose the device which produces the false twist.
This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Subject matter including means to mount, support, shield,
or enclose the device which produces the false twist.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the strand is subjected to a crimping
or texturing operation other than twist crimping, usually before
or concomitantly with the twisting operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter including a spinning or twisting device or
parts thereof having means to guide or direct the strands to the
device for imposing suitable tension on the strands and/or
having means for preventing entanglement of the strands during the
twisting operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter including a guiding device provided with
means to catch and hold strands to prevent entangling when they
leave the normal path of travel or become broken, kinked, or knotted
during the twisting operation.
(1)
Note. Compare this class, subclasses 86 and 87.
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter including a device which surrounds, partially
surrounds, or is located between two twisting devices in such a
manner so that adjacent strands are kept separated during the twisting
operation.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes balloon control devices which
are inherently a separator.
(2)
Note. The separator or balloon control device may be located
along one or more sides of one twisting device or along one or more
sides of a row of twisting devices.
This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Subject matter wherein the separator is either made from
a material having a low frictional resistance or is coated with
a material having a low frictional resistance.
Coating Apparatus,
subclass 44 for false twist devices combined with means to
coat a strand (yarn, roving, sliver, etc.) while it is under the
influence of the twister.
This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Subject matter wherein the separator is mounted so that
it may be either adjusted properly between spindles and/or
twisters or may be easily removable to allow rethreading, cleaning,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Subject matter wherein the separator is constructed so as
to allow a strand to be readily passed through it for rethreading
a spindle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter including a rail or support which may comprise
either a single piece or a plurality of pieces on which one or more
strand guides are mounted on each piece.
(1)
Note. This device relates only to spinning or throwing machines,
and not to rope or cordage machines generally.
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Subject matter in which the threadboard partakes of part
or all of the movement of the traversing element of the twisting
device; the board may at the same time move to or from the strand
receiver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Subject matter in which the threadboard is provided with
means to move it from proximity to the spindle tip usually to facilitate
doffing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter including apparatus for guiding strands to
a closing point at which the so guided strands will be twined together.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Processes falling within the main class definitions and
not provided for in any subclass above.
(1)
Note. Only those patents which contain method claims which
are susceptible to being practiced by a plurality of different devices
or which are drawn to functions not provided for above should be
placed herein, either on an original or cross-reference basis. Those
patents containing method claims which are limited to the operation
of a single above provided for apparatus will be found in the appropriate
subclass.
(2)
Note. Any appropriate subclass above, for a process patent
having apparatus or other limitations sufficient to warrant placement
therein.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein a strand is rotated about its axis
while the free end or "tail" thereof is in contact
with, or in proximity to, a source of supply of loose, discrete
fibers or fiberlike material which is thus twisted into the strand.
(1)
Note. This operation is also commonly referred to as free
end spinning or break spinning and requires the use of a seed yarn
to engage the supply of loose fibers in order to initiate the operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the rotation of the strand about
its axis is caused by a frictional force or effort applied substantially
tangentially to the periphery of the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the supply of discrete fibers is
passed through an electrostatic field to align the fibers prior
to being twisted.
This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the twist is produced by subjecting
both the free end of the strand and the supply of discrete fibers
to the action of a fluid vortex.
(1)
Note. Devices found herein are also referred to as "Gotzfried" type
devices.
This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the fibers are urged by centrifugal
force against a wall portion of a rotating hollow body and advanced
axially thereof to be twisted into the free end of the rotating
strand.
(1)
Note. These devices are usually frustoconical in shape and
the fibers slide along the walls of the chamber while advancing
from smaller diameter portions toward larger diameter portions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Subject matter wherein the twisting operation is stopped
in response to a condition of the strand or material being operated
on, as by failure, exhaustion, too much or too little tension, undue
accumulation, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Subject matter combined with an enclosure (e.g., housing,
frame, or casing) having means therein for driving, supporting,
or mounting the rotating chamber or for driving, supporting, or mounting
other components (such as fiber separating or feed devices) which
cooperate with the rotating chamber.
(1)
Note. To be placed in this subclass, the means for driving,
supporting, or mounting should include sufficient structural details
to provide more than a nominal recitation thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Subject matter wherein the housing, frame, or casing is
constructed or arranged to provide quick or easy access to the means
or components housed therein.
(1)
Note. Devices such as hinged covers or sliding panels are
commonly used to provide the access to the components within the
housing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Subject matter combined with a device or means which operates
on a supply of fibrous material to disintegrate it into discrete
fiber form and/or feeds the discrete fibers to the rotating
chamber.
(1)
Note. These devices may be referred to as opening rolls, combing
rolls, or carding rolls. They also may comprise conventional drafting
rolls.
This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Subject matter wherein the supply of discrete fibers is
fed to a single twisting zone from more than one source, or the
supply of discrete fibers is fed to a twisting zone at a variable
or pulsating rate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Subject matter wherein the device or means which operates
on the supply of fibrous material is a roll which rotates about
an axis coaxial with the axis of rotation of the rotating chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Subject matter wherein the fiber separating and/or
feeding means utilizes a current of fluid and includes means for
directing or controlling the current of fluid or for providing an
additional or supplemental fluid flow in the separating and/or
feeding zones other than for or in addition to the purpose of merely
transporting the discrete fibers to the rotating chamber.
(1)
Note. The fluid flow referred to herein is other than the
conventional fluid flow which exists in open-end systems as a result
of the use of an under pressure to assist in transporting the fibers
to the rotating chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Subject matter wherein the fiber separating and/or
feeding means utilizes an opening, combining, or carding type roller
and wherein structural details of a feed device positioned to cooperate
with the opening roller for feeding fibrous material to the opening
roller to be disintegrated into discrete fibers are recited.
(1)
Note. To be placed in this subclass, the feed device should
include sufficient structural details to provide more than a nominal
recitation thereof.
(2)
Note. Feed rolls, silver guides, and condensers are commonly
used as the feed device for the opening roller.
This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Subject matter including structural details of a guide passageway
or channel for directing the discrete fibers from the fiber separating
and/or feeding means to the rotating chamber.
(1)
Note. To be placed in this subclass, the feed channel should
include sufficient structural details to provide more than a nominal
recitation thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Subject matter wherein the discrete fibers accumulate in
a groove or section of greatest diameter in the rotating chamber
and in which groove or section the free end of the rotating strand engages
the discrete fibers to twist the fibers into the strand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Subject matter wherein the rotor utilizes a current of fluid
and includes means for directing or controlling the current of fluid
or for providing an additional or supplemental fluid flow within
the rotor other than for or in addition to the purpose of merely
transporting the discrete fibers within the rotor.
(1)
Note. The fluid flow referred to herein is other than the
conventional fluid flow which exists in open-end systems as a result
of the use of an under pressure to assist in transporting the fibers
to the rotating chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Subject matter including structural details of the walls
of the rotor with respect to angular positioning, size, or structure,
for example.
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Subject matter including structural details of a guide device
for directing the twisted strand passing out of the rotor.
(1)
Note. To be placed in this subclass, the guide device should
include sufficient structural details to provide more than a nominal
recitation thereof.
(2)
Note. Tube elements are commonly used as the guide in these
devices and are frequently referred to as "withdrawal tubes".
Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,
subclasses 157+ for yarn guides, per se.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
The following subclasses are collections of published disclosures
pertaining to various specified aspects of the twisted strand structure
art which aspects do not form appropriate bases for subclasses in
the foregoing classification wherein original copies of patents
are placed on the basis of the structure or composition of a strand. These
subclasses assist a search based on remote function or physical
characteristic of the twisted strand structure and may be of further
assistance to the searcher, either as a starting point in searching
this class or as an indication of further related fields of search inside
or outside the class.
(1)
Note. Disclosures are placed in these subclasses for their
value as references and as leads to appropriate main or secondary
fields of search without regard to their original classification
or their claimed subject matter.
(2)
Note. The disclosures found in the following subclasses are
examples only of the indicated subject matter, and in no instance
do they represent the entire extent of the prior art.
Twisted strand structures which reduce or dissipate static
electricity due to the particular structural components of the strand
or because of some treatment to which the strand has been subjected.
Twisted strand structures which are used in such devices
as drive belts, conveyor belts, automobile tires, etc., in order
to strengthen or increase the wear resistance of the device.
Compositions,
subclasses 2+ for a composition which may be used to extinguish
fires or as a coating or impregnation to act as a defense against
fire or flame.
Twisted strand structures in which the individual fibers
or filaments from which the strand is made are formed of at least
two different compositions such that, in a cross section of an individual
fiber or filament, the different compositions are side by side with
a connecting web therebetween or one composition is substantially
enclosed in the other (sheath-core type).
Helically preformed twisted wire elements, usually of a
finite length, adapted to fit over an existing line, cable, or conductor
for the purpose of enabling such line, cable, or conductor to be
suspended from a support, or to otherwise provide a clamp, support,
tie-down, or armor for the line, cable, or conductor. The wire elements
are usually independent, finite lengths and a plurality of them
are usually applied simultaneously to the line by a twisting action.
Twisted strand structures made from filamentary material
which is porous or has cellular voids therein or from material which
has been made filamentous usually by subjecting synthetic film,
tape, or ribbon material to a treatment to split or break up the
film, tape, or ribbon into a filamentous form.
Twisted strand material made from multifilaments which have
been subjected to the treatment of a fluid jet to cause the filaments
to interlace and intermingle with each other to produce a unitary
structure. The jet treatment is usually such that no loops, whorls,
or bulkiness is imparted to the filaments.
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