Dixon, Schroeder, and Winjum Global Forest Practices Databas

Dataset Selection: B06

Dixon, Schroeder, and Winjum Global Forest Practices Database

Principal Investigators:

Robert K. Dixon
Paul E. Schroeder
Jack K. Winjum
USEPA Environmental Research Laboratory
Corvallis, Oregon

Summary:

Tabular database of historical forest management practices by stand.

Dataset Description
(and File Lists)

Dataset Element Descriptions
(and Downloads)

Technical Reports

Primary Reference:

Dixon, R.K., P.E. Schroeder, and J.K. Winjum (ed.'s). 1991. Assessment of Promising Forest Management Practices and Technologies for Enhancing the Conservation and Sequestration of Atmospheric Carbon and Their Costs at the Site Level. Corvallis, OR: USEPA Environmental Research Laboratory. EPA/600/3-91/067. PB92 122 787. 152 pp.

Dixon, Schroeder, and Winjum Global Forest Practices Database

DATASET DESCRIPTION

Integrated dataset
Design
Source
Additional references
File lists

Dataset Description

INTEGRATED DATASET

DataSet Citation:

Dixon, R.K., P.E. Schroeder, and J.K. Winjum. 1993. Global Forest Practices Database. Digital Attribute Data. In: Global Ecosystems Database Version 2.0. Boulder, CO: NOAA National Geophysical Data Center. Thirty-six tabular attributes. 2,177,350 bytes in 4 files.

Projection:

not applicable

Spatial Representation:

not applicable

Temporal Representation:

contemporary

Data Representation:

various classes, measurements, and notes in a tabular attribute format

Layers and Attributes:

36 tabular attributes (not georeferenced)

Dataset Description

DESIGN

Variables:

(1) 3-character World Resources Institute nation code
(2) Full name of nation
(3) 4-character Bailey ecoregion code
(4) Full name of Bailey ecoregion
(5) 2-digit forest practice code
(6) Full name of forest practice
(7) Short note on forest practice
(8) 4-character tree species code
(9) Wood density of tree species
(10) Rotation length in years, minimum
(11) Rotation length in years, maximum
(12) Rotation length reference number
(13) Trees/hectare
(14) Trees/hectare reference number
(15) Optimistic land available in 10 hectares for practice
(16) Pessimistic land available in 10 hectares for practice
(17) Optimistic and/or pessimistic land availability reference
(18) 1-character site quality classification
(19) Site quality reference number
(20) Period of growth response
(21) Period of growth response reference number
(22) Observed growth rate minimum in m/hectare/year
(23) Observed growth rate maximum in m/hectare/year
(24) Observed growth rate reference number
(25) Observed tree biomass growth increment in tons/hectare
(26) Observed tree biomass growth increment reference number
(27) Cost in US dollars to initiate forest practice, minimum
(28) Cost in US dollars to initiate forest practice, maximum
(29) Cost in US dollars reference number
(30) Annual cost in US dollars to sustain forest practice on a yearly bases, minimum
(31) Annual cost in US dollars to sustain forest practice on a yearly bases, maximum
(32) Annual cost in US dollars reference number
(33) Year that costing data was collected.
(34) Costing multiplier used to adjust costing data from US dollars to 1990 US dollars
(35) End products, such as fuelwood, lumber, poles, etc.
(36) General comments

Origin:

Information was gathered from technical literature, from an international survey of 150 scientists and forest managers, and from professional forestry organizations worldwide (see Dixon et al., 1991).

Geographic Reference:

place names

Geographic Coverage:

Global countries, with focus on 16 key nations (see Dixon et al, 1991)

Geographic Sampling:

not applicable

Time Period:

contemporary

Temporal Sampling:

contemporary

Dataset Description

SOURCE

Source Data Citation:

Dixon, R.K., P.E. Schroeder, and J.K. Winjum. 1991. Global Forest Practices Database. Digital Attribute Data. Corvallis, OR: USEPA Environmental Research Laboratory. 500 KB in 4 files on one floppy disk.

Contributor:

Jeffrey Kern
ManTech
Environmental Research Laboratory
200 SW 35th St.
Corvallis, Oregon 97333

Distributor:

NOAA National Geophysical Data Center
325 Broadway, E/GC-1
Boulder, Colorado 80303

Date of Production:

1991

Lineage & Contacts:

Dataset production:

Data Processing and transfer:

John J. Kineman and Mark A. Ohrenschall

Dataset Description

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES

see Dixon et al, 1991

Dataset Description

FILE LISTS

Dixon, Schroeder, and Winjum Global Forest Practices Database

DATASET ELEMENT DESCRIPTIONS

Global Forest Practices Data

Global Forest Practices Data

Description:

36 Tabular Attributes, including: Biomass Growth, Rotation Length, Initial Costs, Annual Costs, and Land Suitability

Structure:

Microsoft Access and ASCII text database file: 36 tabular attributes

Series:

none

System Files:

File type	Metadata	Data
Raster grid
Raster Series
Vector Point
Vector Line
Vector Polygon
Attribute Table	dswfor.dvl	dswfor.txt, dswfor.mdb
Color Palette
Projection

Notes:

(1) The attribute table is provided as a dBase III file, which can be converted to Idrisi values files using the Idrisi module DBIDRIS.
(2) Field 21 in the above excerpt from DSWFOR.DBF duplicates the name of field 24 (both "GROWTH_REF") and is a typographical error. It is suggested that field 20 be renamed "PERIOD_RES" and field 21 be renamed "PERIOD_REF."

Dixon, Schroeder, and Winjum Global Forest Practices Database

TECHNICAL REPORTS

Explanation of the Global Forest Practices Database Variables

Data Integration Report

EXPLANATION OF THE GLOBAL FOREST PRACTICES DATABASE VARIABLES

Robert K. Dixon
Paul E. Schroeder
Jack K. Winjum

February 25, 1993

The datafile on the attached disk is the Global Forest Practices Database that was assembled in 1991 at the EPA Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR, USA. All data is in ascii file format. Variables are delimited with a "~" (tilde) character (1841 observation, 36 variables).

Below are the field numbers, field descriptions, and maximum field lengths (given in parenthesis) for the Global Forest Practices Database.

FIELD # DESCRIPTION

1 3-character World Resources Institute nation code (3).
    See FIELD 2.
2 Full name of nation (30).
    CODE - NATION NAME _
    ARG - Argentina
    CHN - China
    MYS - Malaysia
    etc.
3 4-character Bailey ecoregion code (4). See FIELD 4.
4 Full name of Bailey ecoregion (33)
    CODE - ECOREGION NAME _
    L100 - Boreal lowland
    L200 - Humid temperate lowland
    L300 - Dry tropical and temperate lowland
    L400 - Humid tropical lowland
    M100 - Boreal upland
    M200 - Humid temperate upland
    M300 - Dry tropical and temperate upland
    M400 - Humid tropical upland
5 2-digit forest practice code (2). See FIELD 6.
6 Full name of forest practice (40)
    CODE - FOREST PRACTICE NAME _
    10 - Reforestation
    20 - Afforestation
    30 - Forest reserve
    40 - Natural regeneration
    60 - Silviculture
    70 - Short rotation
    80 - Agroforestry
7 Short note on forest practice. For example, an agroforestry practice may have a short note here describing a specific type of agroforestry such as "Hedgerow Intercropping" (20).
8 4-character tree species code. Generally, the first two letters from the genus and the first two letters of the species make up the 4-character code (4).
9 Wood density of tree species based on dry weight per unit of fresh volume of wood. Note that some species may have different densities depending on region, etc... (10)
10 Rotation length in years, minimum (10)
11 Rotation length in years, maximum (10)
12 Rotation length reference number (10).
13 Trees/hectare (10)
14 Trees/hectare reference number (10)
15 Optimistic land available in 10 hectares for practice (20). See FIELD 16.
16 Pessimistic land available in 10 hectares for practice (20). The words optimistic and pessimistic reflect qualitative assumptions about the amount of resources and level of effort that could be expended on reforestation / regeneration. Assumptions are based on current condition of vegetation (from satellite imagery), predisturbance vegetation (from Matthews [1983] global vegetation map), and allowance for social and economical constraints. For each nation, mixes of optimistic and pessimistic practices were defined by Houghton et al. 1991.
17 Optimistic and/or pessimistic land availability reference number (10)
18 1-character site quality classification (1)
    H - High, M - Medium, L - Low.
    F - Forested, W - Woodland, G - Grassland.
    The F,W,G classifications were used as ecoregion place- holders, i.e., F equates with the Bailey ecoregion L400 - Humid tropical lowland, W and G equate with Bailey ecoregion L300 - Dry tropical and temperate lowland.
19 Site quality reference number (10).
20 Period of growth response. Often given as a range in months (20).
21 Period of growth response reference number (10).
22 Observed growth rate minimum in m/hectare/year (20).
23 Observed growth rate maximum in m/hectare/year (20).
24 Observed growth rate reference number (10).
25 Observed tree biomass growth increment in tons/hectare (20).
26 Observed tree biomass growth increment reference number (10).
27 Cost in US dollars to initiate forest practice, minimum (20). See FIELD 27.
28 Cost in US dollars to initiate forest practice, maximum. Based on the year this data was collected, i.e., the costs have not been adjusted to present value (20).
29 Cost in US dollars reference number (10).
30 Annual cost in US dollars to sustain forest practice on a yearly bases, minimum (20). See FIELD 30.
31 Annual cost in US dollars to sustain forest practice on a yearly bases, maximum. Based on the year this data was collected, i.e., the costs have not been adjusted to present value (20).
32 Annual cost in US dollars reference number (10).
33 Year that costing data was collected (4).
34 Costing multiplier used to adjust costing data from the FIELD 32 US dollars to 1990 US dollars (10). The currency exchange rate for the reference year was taken from the International Financial Statistics Tables (IFS) published by the International Monetary Fund (IMF 1990, 1991). Using the nation's own inflation rate (measured by the Consumer Price Index) the reference cost data was adjusted to its own 1990 net value. This "current" cost data was then converted back to 1990 US dollars at the 1990 exchange rate.
35 End products, such as fuelwood, lumber, poles, etc... (250).
36 General comments (250).

THE GLOBAL FOREST PRACTICES DATABASE SPECIES LISTING

Robert K. Dixon
Paul E. Schroeder
Jack. K. Winjum

July 1, 1992

The 4-character species code corresponds to the 4-character species code given in the Global Forest Practices Database. See EXPLANATION OF THE GLOBAL FOREST PRACTICES DATABASE VARIABLES for a complete listing and description of all variables in the Global Forest Practices Database.

Code Species Wood Density (g/cm^3) Ref num

AAAN Araucaria angustifolia .45 410

AACU Araucaria cunninghamia (use AASP) .42

AAHU Araucaria huntseinii (use AASP) .42

AASP Araucaria spp. .42 410

ABAL Abies alba (use Abies concolor) .37 568

ABSP Abies spp (use Abies concolor) .37 568

ACAU Acacia auriculiformis .68( .6- .75) 562

ACMA Acacia mangium (use ACSP) .65

ACME Acacia mearnsii(syn. mollissima) .60 410

ACNI Acacia nilotica .68 562

ACSE Acacia senegal (use ACSP) .65

ACSP Acacia spp.

(avg. of all referenced A. species) .65

ACTO Acacia tortilis (use ACSP) .65

ALFA Albizia falcataria(syn. falcata) .32 410

ALLE Albizia lebbek .51 410

ALPR Albizia procera(use ALSP) .52

ALRU Alnus lugosa .48

ALSP Albizia spp. .52( .45- .59) 410

ANCH Anthocephalus chinensis(syn. cadamba) .36( .31- .4) 410

ARAN Araucaria angustifolia .45

ARSA Acer saccharinum .44 568

ARSP Acer spp. .50( .44- .56) 561

ASGL Alnus glutinosa (use ASRU) .37

ASRU Alnus rubra .37 561

ASSP Alnus spp. (use ASRU) .37

AUKL Aucoumea klaineana .37 410

AZIN Azadirachta indica .68 562

AZSP Asadirachta spp. .52 410

BASP Bambusa spp. (bamboo) (estimate) .30

BEAL Betula alleghaniensis .55 561

BELE Betula lenta .60 561

BEPA Betula papyrifera .48 561

BESP Betula spp.:

(avg. of all referenced B. species) .54

BOQU Bombacopsis quinata .45 410

CAEQ Casuarina equisetfolia 1.0 ( .8-1.2) 562

CASP Casuarina spp. .83 410

CESP Cedrela spp. .40( .3- .6) 410

CLCA Calliandra calothyrsus (syn. confusa) .64( .51- .78) 562

CLSP Calliandra spp. (use CLCA) .64

CMSP Cephalostachyum spp (bamboo)(est.) .30

CDAL Cordia alliodora .48( .44- .52) 410

CDSP Cordia spp.:

Alliodora group .48( .44- .52) 410

Gerascanthus group .74( .63- .84) 410

COGE Coniferous genera .40 568

COHA Conifer-Hardwood mix:

(average of COGE & HAGE) .44

CPLU Cupressus lusitanica .43 410

CPSP Cupressus spp. (use CPLU) .43

CRJA Cryptomeria japonica (use COGE) .40

CSSA Cassia siamea .70( .6- .8) 562

CSSI Cassia sianda (use CSSA) .70

CSSP Cassia spp. (use CSSA) .70

CTDE Castanea dentata .40 561

CTSA Castanea sativa (use CTDE) .40

CULA Cunninghamia lanceolata (use COGE) .40

CUSP Cunninghamia spp.(use COGE) .40

DASI Dalbergia sissoo(avg. of DANI & DALA) .78

DANI Dalbergia nigra .80 561

DALA Dalbergia latifolia .75 561

DIAL Dipterocarp alatus (use DISP) .61

DIGN Dipterocarp genera (use DISP) .61

DIPT Dipterocarp spp. (same as below) .61

DISP Dipterocarp spp. .61( .57- .65) 410

DRAR Dryobalanops aromatica (use DRSP) .61

DRSP Dryobalanops spp. .61( .57- .65) 410

DUSP Durio spp. .53( .40- .66) 410

EUCA Eucalyptus camaldulensis .60 562

EUCE ? .45

EUCI Eucalyptus citriodora .93( .75-1 .1) 562

EUDE Eucalyptus deglupta .55( .45- .65) 410

EUDI Eucalyptus diversicolor .82 561

EUEX Eucalyptus exerta (use EUSP) .58

EUGL Eucalyptus globulus:

(Forest-grown) .80 410

(Plantation-grown) .67 410

EUGR Eucalyptus grandis .48( .4- .55) 562

EULE Eucalyptus leizhou (use EUSP) .58

EUMA Eucalyptus marginata .67 561

EUNI Eucalyptus nitens (use EUSP) .58

EURO Eucalyptus robusta .51 831

EUSA Eucalyptus saligna (use EUSP) .58

EUSP Eucalyptus spp.

(avg of all referenced E. species) .58

EUTE Eucalyptus tereticornis (use EUSP) .58

EUUR Eucalyptus urophylla (syn. alba) .48 818

EUVI Eucalyptus viminalis (use EUSP) .58

FASI Fagus silvatica (Amer. beech) .56 561

FRSP Fraxinus spp. .50( .45- .55) 561

GLSE Gliricidia sepium (use HAGE) .48

GLSP Gliricidia spp. (use HAGE) .48

GMAR Gmelina arborea .41 410

GMSP Gmelina spp. (use GMAR) .41

GOSP Gonystylus spp. .52 410

GUUL Guazuma ulmifolia .56 562

HAGE Hardwood genera .48 568

HODU Hovenia dulcis .62 836

HUCR Hura crepitans .36( .33- .38) 410

JSNI Juglans nigra .51 561

JUSP Juniperus spp. .37( .29- .44) 561

LADE Larix decidua (use LALA) .49

LAGM Larix gmelini (use LALA) .49

LALA Larix laricina .49 561

LALE Larix leptolepis (use LALA) .49

LAOC Larix occidentalis .48 561

LAPO Larix polonica (use LALA) .49

LASP Larix spp. (use LALA) .49

LEGL Leucaena glauca (use LELE) .51

LELE Leucaena leucocephala .51 600

LESP Leucaena spp. (use LELE) .51

LIST Liquidambar styraciflua .46 561

MASP Mangifera spp. .52( .45- .58) 410

MESP Melia spp. (Syn. of Azadirachta) .68 562

MGSP Mangrova spp.:

Rhizophora spp. .90 562

Mix Average for hardwood & conifer mix .45

NADI Nauclea diderichii .63 561

NOSP Nothofagus spp. .51 410

OCPY Ochroma pyramidale (balsa) .16 561

PASP Paulownis spp. (use HAGE) .48

PCEX Picea excelso (use PCSP) .41

PCMA Picea mariana .38 561

PCPU Picea pungens (use PCSP) .41

PCSI Picea sitchensis .37 561

PCSP Picea spp. .41( .33-49) 561

PIAR Pinus armandi (use PISP) .48

PIBA Pinus banksiana .47 561

PICA Pinus caribaea .51( .34- .68) 410

PICO Pinus contorta .38 561

PICS Pinus canariensis .60 835

PIEC Pinus echinata .47 561

PIEL Pinus elliotti .54 561

PIHA Pinus halapensis .71 833

PIJE Pinus jeffreyi .42 823

PIKE Pinus kesiya (syn. insularis) .46( .43- .5) 410

PIKO Pinus koraiensis (use PISP) .48

PIMA Pinus massoniana (use PISP) .48

PIME Pinus merkusii .57 410

PIMX Pinus maximinoi (native) .46 834

PIOO Pinus oocarpa .55 410

PIPA Pinus patula .45( .4- .5) 410

PIPI Pinus pinaster (use PISP) .48

PIPN Pinus pinea (use PISP) .48

PIPO Pinus ponderosa .38 561

PIPS Pinus palustris .54 561

PIRA Pinus radiata .42 561

PIRE Pinus resinosa .41 561

PIRO Pinus roxburght (use PISP) .48

PISP Pinus spp.:

(avg. of all referenced P. species) .48

PIST Pinus strobus .34 561

PISY Pinus sylvestris (use PISP) .48

PITA Pinus taeda .47 561

PITE Pinus tecunumanii (native) .50 834

PLAC Platanus acerifolia (use PLOC) .46

PLOC Platanus occidentalis .46 561

PMDU Pithecelobium dulce (use HAGE) .48

POBA Populus balsamifera .31 561

POCA Populus canadensis (use POSP) .34

PODE Populus deltoides .37 561

POEU Populus euramericana (use POSP) .34

POGR Populus grandidentata .36 561

POSP Populus spp. .34( .31- .37) 561

POTE Populus tremuloides .35 561

POTI Populus trichocarpa .31 561

POTO Populus tomentosa (use POSP) .34

PRCH Prosopis chilensis .86( .80- .92) 562

PRJU Prosopis julifora .70 562

PRSP Prosopis spp.

(avg. of all referenced P. species) .78

PSMA Pseudotsuga macrocarpa .45

PSME Pseudotsuga menziesii .45 561

QUPA Quercus palustris .69 823

QUSP Quercus spp. .66( .52- .80) 561

ROPS Robinia pseudoacacia .66 561

ROSP Robinia spp. (use ROPS) .66

SASP Sassafras spp. .42 561

SCAM Schizolobium amazonicum (use HAGE) .48

SCSP Schizolobium spp. (use HAGE) .48

SESP Seskania spp. (use HAGE) .48

SHSP Shorea spp.:

(avg. of all referenced A. species) .45

Balau Group .70 410

Dk. Red Meranti-Red Luaun Grp. .55 410

Lt. Red Meranti-Lt. Red Lauan Grp. .40 410

White Meranti Group .48( .4- .55) 410

Yellow Meranti Group .46( .4- .52) 410

SOIN Solanum inopium .30 818

SWMA Swietenia macrophylla .54( .40- .68) 410

SQSE Sequoia sempervirens .41 823

SXNI Salix nigra .36 561

SXSP Salix spp. (use SXNI) .36

TAAR Terminalia arjuna (use TASP) .44

TAIV Terminalia ivorensis .43 410

TASP Terminalia spp.:

(avg. of all referenced T. species) .44

TASU Terminalia superba .45 410

TBRO Tabebuia rosea .58 822

TEGR Tectona grandis .55 410

TESP Tectona spp (use TEGR) .55

TMDI Taxodium distichum .42 823

VISU Virola surinamensis .42 822

THE GLOBAL FOREST PRACTICES DATABASE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Robert K. Dixon
Paul E. Schroeder
Jack K. Winjum

July 1, 1992

The Ref Number corresponds to the "reference number" given in the Global Forest Practices Database. See EXPLANATION OF THE GLOBAL FOREST PRACTICES DATABASE VARIABLES for listing and description of all database variables.

Ref Number:401
283. International Tropical Timber Organization, The promotion of sustainable forest management: a case study in Sarawak, Malaysia, Report of an international mission, 1990. pp. 206.

Ref Number:402
284. Azfal-Ata, M., Nur Supardi, B.Md.Noor and Selvaraj, P. Local volume tables for plantation Kapur (Dryobalanops aromatica) at Sungai Puteh Forest Reserve. Malaysian Forester 48:276-287, 1985.

Ref Number:403
285. Chong, T.K. and Jones, N. Fast growing hardwood plantations on logged over forest sites in Sabah. Malaysian Forester 45:558-575, 1982.

Ref Number:404
286. Pandey, D. Growth and yield of plantation species in the tropics, Rome:Forest Resources Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the U.N., 1983. pp. 115.

Ref Number:405
287. Long, A. and Johnson, N. Forest plantations in Kalimantan, Indonesia. In: Tropical forests: utilization and conservation, edited by Mergen, F. New Haven, CT: Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 1981,

Ref Number:406
288. Sormin, Ir.Benni,H. Indonesia Ministry of Forestry. Personal Communication 4/9/91:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:407
289. Sedjo, R. The comparative economics of plantation forestry: a global assessment, Washington, D.C.:Resources for the Future, 1983. pp. 161.

Ref Number:408
290. World Resources Institute, World resources: a guide to the global environment, New York, Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1990. pp. 383.

Ref Number:409
291. Chew, T.K. The cost and effectiveness of the aboricide 2,4,5-T in a GCL operation carried out for enrichment planting at the Tekam Forest Preserve, Pahang, Malaysia. Malaysian Forester 45:394-397, 1982.

Ref Number:410
292. Chudnoff, M. Tropical Timbers of the World, Madison, WI:USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1979. pp. 750.

Ref Number:411
293. Khosla, P.K. and Kaushal, P. Status of agroforestry research in south Asia. In: Proceedings of IUFRO XIX World Congress, Montreal, Canada, August, 1990, Montreal, Canada: IUFRO, 1990, p. 326-337.

Ref Number:412
294. Souvannavong, O. Recherches sur Acacia mangium espece de plantation d'avenir, en zones tropicales humides d'afrique centrale et occidentale. In: Proceedings of IUFRO XIX World Congress, Montreal, Canada, August, 1990, Montreal, Canada: IUFRO, 1990, p. 79-91.

Ref Number:413
295. Gregerson, H., Draper, S. and Elz, D. People and Trees: the role of social forestry in sustainable development, Washington, D.C.:International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, 1989. pp. 273.

Ref Number:414
296. Brandao, L.G. No. 1 The New Eucalypt Forest. In: Lectures Given by 1984 Marcus Wallenberg Prize Winners at the Symposium in Falun, Sweden, September 14, 1984, The Marcus Wallenberg Foundation, 1984, p. 3-15.

Ref Number:415
297. Shankarnarayan, K.A., Harsh, L.N. and Kathju, S. Agroforestry in the arid zones of India. In: Agroforestry Systems in the Tropics, edited by Nair, P,K.R. London: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989, p. 99-120.

Ref Number:416
298. Evans, J. Plantation Forestry in the Tropics, Oxford:Clarendon Press, 1982. pp. 472.

Ref Number:417
299. Gillis, M. Indonesia: Public policies, resource management, and the tropical forest, pp. 43-114. In: Public policies and the misuse of forest resources, edited by Repetto, R. and Gillis, M. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988, p. 432.

Ref Number:418
300. Gillis, M. Malaysia: public policies and the tropical forest, pp. 115-164. In: Public policies and the misuse of forest resources, edited by Repetto, R. and Gillis, M. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988, p. 432.

Ref Number:419
301. Gillis, M. West Africa: resource management policies and the tropical forest, pp.299-351. In: Public policies and the misuse of forest resources, edited by Repetto, R. and Gillis, M. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988, p. 432.

Ref Number:420
302. Anderson, D. The economics of afforestation: a case study in Africa, The World Bank. Occasional Paper Number 1/New Series, 1987. pp. 86.

Ref Number:421
303. Wiradinata, S. Present condition and problems of agroforestry in Indonesia in particular outside forest areas, pp. 52-65. In: Comparative studies on the utilization and conservation of the natural environment by agroforestry systems, Kyoto University, Japan: Report on joint research among Indonesia Thailand and Japan supported by Toyota , 1986, p. 453.

Ref Number:422
304. Sahunalu, P. and Hoamuangkaew, W. Agroforestry in Thailand: present condition and problems, pp. 66-91. In: Comparative studies on the utilization and conservation of the natural environment by agroforestry systems, Kyoto University, Japan: Report on joint research among Indonesia Thailand and Japan supported by Toyota , 1986, p. 453.

Ref Number:423
305. FAO, Management of Tropical Moist Forests in Africa, Rome:FAO Forestry Paper 88. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United States, 1989. pp. 165.

Ref Number:424
306. Tejwani, K.G. Agroforestry Practices and Research in India, pp. 109-136. In: Agroforestry: Realities, possibilities, and potentials, edited by Gholz, H. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1987, p. 227.

Ref Number:425
307. Budowski, G. Living fences in tropical America, a widespread agroforestry practice, pp. 169-178. In: Agroforestry: Realities, possibilities, and potentials, edited by Gholz, H. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1987, p. 227.

Ref Number:427
308. Boonkird, S.A., Fernandes, E.C.M. and Nair, P.K.R. Forest villages: an agroforestry approach to rehabilitating forest land degraded by shifting cultivation in Thailand, pp. 211-228. In: Agroforestry Systems in the Tropics, edited by Nair, P.K.R. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991, p. 664.

Ref Number:428
309. Tacio, H.D. The SALT system: agroforestry for sloping lands. Agroforestry Today 3(1):12-13, 1991.

Ref Number:429
310. FAO, Intensive multiple-use forest management in the tropics, Rome:FAO Forestry Paper No. 55. Food and Agricultural Organization of the U.N., 1985. pp. 180.

Ref Number:430
311. Allen, J.C. Wood energy and preservation of woodlands in semiarid developing countries: The case of Dodoma region, Tanzania. Journal of Development Economics 19:59-94, 1985.

Ref Number:431
312. Brown, S. and Lugo, A.E. Biomass of tropical forests: a new estimate based on forest volumes. Science 223:1290-1293, 1984.

Ref Number:432
313. Spears, J.B. Replenishing the world's forests: Tropical reforestation: An achievable goal? Commonw.For.Rev. 62(3):201-219, 1983.

Ref Number:433
314. Pound, B. and Cairo, L.M. Leucaena: It's cultivation and uses, London:Overseas Development Administration, 1983.

Ref Number:434
315. FAO, Savanna afforestation in africa. FAO Forestry Paper No. 11, Rome:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1977. pp. 312.

Ref Number:435
316. Nwoboshi, L.C. Regeneration success of natural management, enrichment planting and plantations of native species in west Africa, pp.71-91. In:Natural management of tropical moist forests: silvicultural and management prospects of sustained utilization, edited by Mergen, F. and Vincent, J.R. New Haven, CT: Yale University, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 1987, p. 212.

Ref Number:436
317. Andrasko, K., Heaton, K. and Winnett, S. Estimating the costs of forest sector management options: overview of site, national and global analyses. In: Proceedings of a Technical Workshop to Explore options for Global Forest Management, Bankok, Thailand: 1991,

Ref Number:437
318. Peltier, R. and Eyog-Matig, O. Les essais d'agroforesterie au nord-cameroun. Revue Bois et Forets des Tropiques, No. 217, Nogen-sur-Marne, France:Centre Technique Forestier Tropicale,, 1988. pp. 32.

Ref Number:438
319. Myers, N. Tree-crop based agroecosystems in Java. Forest Ecology and Management 17:1-11, 1986.

Ref Number:439
320. Pathak, P.S. Leucaena leucocephala based production system for the wastelands in social forestry. In: Social Forestry for Rural Development, edited by Khosla, P.K. and Kohli, P.K. Solan, India: Indian Society of Tree Scientists, 1987, p. 86-95.

Ref Number:440
321. Greaves, A. and McCarter, P.S. Cordia alliodora: a promising tree for tropical agroforestry. Tropical Forestry Paper No. 22, Oxford:Oxford Forestry Institute, 1990. pp. 37.

Ref Number:441
322. MacDicken, K.G. and Vergara, N.T. Agroforestry: classification and management, New York:John Wiley and Sons, 1990. pp. 382.

Ref Number:442
323. Laurent, D. Productivity of forest stands in africa and identification of potentially forestable lands. Unpublished Report, Nogent-sur-Marne, France:Centre Technique Forestier Tropicale, 1990. pp. 8.

Ref Number:443
324. Awang, K. Social forestry: a forester's perspective. In: Social Forestry in Malaysia. Proceedings of a workshop held in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, 6 December, 1989, edited by Nuruddin, A.A., Awang, K. and Emby, Z. Selangor, Malaysia: Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 1989, p. 7-16.

Ref Number:444
325. Morningstar, O.R. Reforestation and agroforestry- community forestry within the permanent forest estate in Sarawak. In: Proceedings of a workshop held in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, 6 December, 1989, edited by Nuruddin, A.A., Awang, K. and Emby, Z. Selangor, Malaysia: Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 1989, p. 41-67.

Ref Number:445
326. Alves, T. and de Sousa, C. Trees for development: a country report (Mozambique). In: Trees for development in subsaharan Africa. Proceedings of a regional seminar, Nairobi, Kenya, February, 1989, Stockholm, Sweden: International Foundation for Science, 1989, p. 186-194.

Ref Number:446
327. Serrao, E.A. and Toledo, J.M. The search for sustainability in amazonian pastures. In: Alternatives to deforestation: steps toward sustainable use of the Amazon rain forest, edited by Anderson, A.B. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990, p. 195-214.

Ref Number:447
328. German AFMF & F, Assessment of potential, feasibility, and costs of forestry options in the temperate and boreal zones- interim report. In: Proceedings of a Technical Workshop to Explore options for Global Forest Management, edited by Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture,and Forestry (Germany) Bangkok, Thailand: 1991,

Ref Number:500
329. Holowacz, J. Forests of the USSR. the Forestry Chronicle October:366-373, 1985.

Ref Number:501
330. FAO, Forestry in China, Rome:Forestry Paper 35, 1982. pp. 308.

Ref Number:502
331. Cannell, M.G.R. World Forest Biomass and Primary Production Data, London:Adademic Press, 1982. pp. 391.

Ref Number:503
332. Mather, A.S. Global Forest Resources, Portland:Timber Press, 1990. pp. 341.

Ref Number:504
333. NY Times, Atlas of the World, London:Times Books Limited, 1988. pp. 288.

Ref Number:505
334. World Resources Institute, World Resources 1990-91, Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1990. pp. 383.

Ref Number:506
335. Postel, S. and Heuse, L. Reforesting the Earth. Worldwatch Paper 83, Washington, D.C.:Worldwatch Institute, 1988. pp. 66.

Ref Number:507
336. Haugen, C. and et.al., Multipurpose tree species research for small forms: strategies and methods, Arlington, VA:Winrack International, 1990. pp. 211.

Ref Number:508
337. Volz, H.A. Ministry of Food, Forests and Environment, Fed. Republic of Germany. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:509
338. Barrett, J.W. Silviculture of ponderosa pine in the pacific northwest: The state of our knowledge, Portland, OR:Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1979. pp. 106.

Ref Number:510
339. Austr.CIAR, Multipurpose Australian trees and shrubs: Lesser-known Species for Fuelwood and Agroforestry, Canberra:Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 1986. pp. 316.

Ref Number:511
340. Sander, I.L., Johnson, P.S. and Watt, R.F. A guide for evaluating the adequacy of oak advance reproduction. USDA For. Derv. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-23, St. Paul, MN:North Cent. For. Exp. Stn., 1976.

Ref Number:512
341. National Forest Land Management Division, The Village Woodlot: Its Implementation in Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand:Royal Forest Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, 1984. pp. 166.

Ref Number:513
342. Forest Industry Organization, Forest Plantation of Forest Industry Organization, Bangkok, Thailand:Royal Forest Dept., Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative, 1991. pp. 9.

Ref Number:514
343. Rao, Y.S. FAO Regional Forestry Officer, Bangkok, Thailand. Personal Communication 1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:515
344. NRC Advisory Committee on Technology Information, Mangium and Other Fast-Growing Acacias for the Humid Tropics, Washington, D.C. National Academy Press, 1983. pp. 62.

Ref Number:516
345. Anuchin, V. and Pisarenko, A. Forest Encyclopedia, Volume I, II, Moscow, USSR:State Forest Committee, 1989. pp. 563.

Ref Number:517
346. Prajapati, K.P. Reviews of research in Nepal. In: Trees on Small Farms: Multi-purpose trees for Arid and Semi-Arid Tropics, edited by Taylor, D.A. and Medina, L. Arlington, VA: Winrock International, 1987, p. 78-80.

Ref Number:518
347. Sheikh, M.I. Reviews of research in Pakistan on Acacia, Dalbergia, Eucalyptus and Azadirachta. In: Trees on Small Farms: Multi-purpose trees for Arid and Semi-Arid Tropics, edited by Taylor, D.A. and Medina, L. Arlington, VA: Winrock International, 1987, p. 51-59.

Ref Number:519
348. ICRAF, Agroforestry project in Haiti reaches 80,000 farmers. ICRAF Agroforestry Review 24/October:16, 1988.

Ref Number:520
349. Trexler, M.C., Faeth, P.F. and Kramer, J.M. Forestry as a Response to Global Warming: An Analysis of the Guatemala Agroforestry and Carbon Sequestration Project, Washington, D.C.:World Research Institute, 1989. pp. 50.

Ref Number:521
350. Standiford, R.B. and Ledig, F.T.,eds. Proceedings of a workshop on Eucalyptus in California, June 14-16, 1983, Sacramento, California. General TECHNICAL REPORT PSW-69, Berkeley, CA:Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1983. pp. 128.

Ref Number:522
351. Tai, X.Y. Promotion of giant Leucaena in Eastern and Southern Taiwan. In: Leucaena Research in the Asian-Pacific Region: Proceedings of a workshop held in Singapore, Nov. 1982, Ottawa, Ont.: IDRC, 1983, p. 145-148.

Ref Number:523
352. Vivekanandan, K. Reviews of research in Sri Lanka. In: Trees on Small Farms: Multi-purpose trees for Arid and Semi-Arid Tropics, edited by Taylor, D.A. and Medina, L. Arlington, VA: Winrock International, 1987, p. 69-77.

Ref Number:524
353. Jinchang, L., Fanwen, K., Naihui, H. and Ross, L. Price and policy: the keys to revamping China's forestry resources. In: Public policies and the misuse of forest resources, edited by Repetto, R. and Gillis, M. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute, 1988, p. 205-245.

Ref Number:525
354. Yadau, I.S.P. Reviews of research in India. In: Trees on Small Farms: Multi-purpose trees for Arid and Semi-Arid Tropics, edited by Taylor, D.A. and Medina, L. Arlington, VA: Winrock International, 1987, p. 51-59.

Ref Number:526
355. Revilla, A.V. Wood-yield prediction models for Leucaena in the Philippines. In: Leucaena Research in the Asian-Pacific Region: Proceedings of a workshop held in Singapore, Nov. 1982, Ottawa, Ont.: IDRC, 1983, p. 99-102.

Ref Number:527
356. International Dev. Researach Center, Leucaena Research in the Asian-Pacific Region: Proceedings of a workshop in Singapore, Nov. 1982, Ottawa, Ont. IDRC, 1983. pp. 192.

Ref Number:528
357. Alabama River Pulp and Paper Co., . Personal Communication RKD:1988.(Abstract)

Ref Number:529
358. Mejstrik, V. Inst. of Landscape Ecology, Prague. Personal Communication 1987.(Abstract)

Ref Number:530
359. Mazurski, K.R. Industrial pollution: The threat to Polish Forests. Ambio 19(2):70-74, 1990.

Ref Number:531
360. Petrov, A.P. Management and Organization of Forest Industries and Forestry in the USSR, Vancouver, B.C., Canada:University of British Columbia, 1989. pp. 1-17.

Ref Number:532
361. Pisarenko, A.I. Status and perspectives of reforestation. Forest Management 7:2-6, 1989.

Ref Number:533
362. Sharma, R.N., Sharma, H.L. and Garcha, H.S. Fuelwood from Wasteland, New Delhi, India:Bioenergy Society of India, 1989. pp. 486.

Ref Number:534
363. Perry, D.A. Oregon State University. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:535
364. Moore, F. EPA Office of International Affairs. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:536
365. South, D.B. Auburn University. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:537
366. Burley, J. and Stewart, J. Increasing productivity of multipurpose trees, Vienna, Austria:International Union of Forest Research Organizations, 1985. pp. 560.

Ref Number:538
367. Tho, Y.P. Forest protection against pests and diseases. In: Increasing productivity of multipurpose species, edited by Burley, J. and Stewart, J.L. International Union for Forest Research Organizations, 1985, p. 353-370.

Ref Number:539
368. Zsuffa, L. Spacing and thinning, with particular reference to the production of biomass for energy. In: Increasing productivity of multipurpose species, edited by Burley, J. and Stewart, J.L. International Union for Forest Research Organizations, 1985, p. 379-400.

Ref Number:540
369. Jain, R.K., Paliwal, K., Dixon, R.K. and Gjerstad, D.H. Improving productivity of multipurpose trees growing on substandard soils in India. J.For. 87:38-42, 1989.

Ref Number:541
370. Cailliez, F. Industrial Eucalyptus plantations in the People's Republic of the Gongo--Technical, Sociological and Ecological Aspects. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.J. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991, p. 87-96.

Ref Number:542
371. Hughes, J.H. A brief history of forest management in the American South: Implications for large-scale reforestation to slow global warming. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.J. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991, p. 53-68.

Ref Number:543
372. Lakany, E. American University, Cairo, Egypt. Personal Communication 1989.(Abstract)

Ref Number:544
373. Houghtalieg, T.W. and Gregerson, H.M. Economic Analysis of Forestry Projects. FAO Forestry Paper, 17:2, Rome, Italy:FAO, 1980. pp. 215.

Ref Number:545
374. Current, D. Agroforestry practice in selected areas of Burma: preliminary recommendations, Arlington, VA:Winrock International, 1988. pp. 45.

Ref Number:546
375. Dogra, P.D. National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:547
376. Encycl. Amer., Argentina, Vol. 2. In: Encyclopedia Americana, International Edition, Danbury, CT: Grolier Incorporated , 1990, p. 258.

Ref Number:548
377. Vaugn-Williams, P. Brasil, Slough, Great Britain:University Tutorial Press Limited, 1981. pp. 166.

Ref Number:549
378. The World Book Encyclopedia, Brazil, Vol. 2. In: The World Book encyclopedia, Chicago, IL: World Book, Inc., 1990, p. Map.

Ref Number:550
379. Encycl. Amer., Chile, Vol. 6. In: Encyclopedia Americana, International Edition, Danbury, CT: Grolier Incorporated , 1990, p. 474-476.

Ref Number:551
380. Collier's Encycl., Mexico, Vol. 16. In: Collier's Encyclopedia, New York, NY: Macmillan Educational Company, 1990, p. 81.

Ref Number:552
381. Hunter, I.R. Reforestation in New Zealand. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.J. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991, p. 41-52.

Ref Number:553
382. Francois, J. Chief Conservator of Forests, Accra, Ghana. Personal Communication 1989.(Abstract)

Ref Number:554
383. Tibbits, W.N. Eucalypt plantations in Tasmania. Aust. For. 49(4):219-225, 1986.

Ref Number:555
384. Lyons, G.S. and Vasievich, J.M Economic analysis of short rotation forests for energy in Ireland. In: TIMS studies in the Management Sciences, Holland: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1986, p. 311-323.

Ref Number:556
385. Baltec International, Field trip near Guayaquil, Ecuador. field trip RKD:1988.(Abstract)

Ref Number:557
386. Garbaye, J., INRA, and France, N. . Personal Communication RKD:1988.(Abstract)

Ref Number:558
387. Malcolm, D.C. Afforestation in Britain--A commentary. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.J. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991, p. 69-80.

Ref Number:559
388. Lavender, D.P. Reforestation in British Columbia. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.J. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991, p. 29-40.

Ref Number:560
389. Owston, P.W. and Turpin, T.C. Operational considerations for large-scale reforestation programs: A Pacific Northwest perspective. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.J. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991, p. 1-10.

Ref Number:561
390. USDA Forest Service, Wood Handbook: Wood as an engineering material. Agricultural Handbook No. 72, Washington, D.C.:U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1987. pp. 466.

Ref Number:562
391. NAS, Firewood Crops, Shrub and Tree Species for Energy Production, Washington, D.C.:Nat. Acad. Sci., 1980. pp. 236.

Ref Number:563
392. US Dept. Commerce, Producer Price Indexes-Percent Change in Major Commodity Groups: 1970 to 1988 [lumber and wood products commodity group]. In: Statistical Abstract of the United States, edited by US Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1990, p. 500.

Ref Number:564
393. US Dept. Labor, Table 6 [lumber and wood products commodity group]. In: Producer Price Indexes Data for January 1989, edited by Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C.: 1989, p. 211.

Ref Number:565
394. US Dept. Labor, Table 6 [lumber and wood products commodity group]. In: Producer Price Indexes Data for January 1990, edited by U.S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C.: 1990, p. 210.

Ref Number:566
395. US Dept. Labor, Table 6 [lumber and wood products commodity group]. In: Producer Price Indexes Data for January 1991, edited by U.S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C.: 1991, p. 206.

Ref Number:567
396. Oregon Dept. Energy, Fourth Biennial Energy Plan, Salem, OR:Oregon Dept. Energy, 1991. pp. 177.

Ref Number:568
397. SAF, Forestry Handbook, New York:Soc. Amer. Foresters, Wiley & Sons, 1984. pp. 1335.

Ref Number:569
398. Boonkird, S.-A., Fernandes, E.C.M. and Nair, P.K.R. Forest villages: an agroforestry approach to rehabilitating forest land degraded by shifting cultivation in Thailand. Agroforestry Systems 2:87-102, 1984.

Ref Number:570
399. Tho, Y.P. Tropical moist forests- facts and issues. In: Proceedings for the Technical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, Bangkok, Thailand: (In Press), 1991,

Ref Number:571
400. Burley, J., Armitage, F.B., Barnes, R.D., Gibson, G.L., Hardcastlle, P.D. and Wood, P.J. Forestry Research in Eastern and Southern Africa. Tropical Forestry Papers No. 19, University of Oxford, U.K.:Oxford Forestry Inst., 1989. pp. 60.

Ref Number:572
401. Gadgil, M. Center for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute for Science, Bangalore, India. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:573
402. Brotoyswara, E. Institute of Ecology, Podjadaran University, Bandurg, Indonesia. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:574
403. Masera, O. and Dirzo, R.M. Centre de Ecologia, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:575
404. Ministry of Forestry, Statistics of Forest Resources in China, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China:Ministry of Forestry, 1989. pp. 190.

Ref Number:576
405. Xu, D. Forest Status, Land Availability, Costs of Reforestation- an analysis of options in PRC. In: Proceedings of F-7 Workshop, I.E.S., May 28-31, 1991, Berkeley, CA: Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1991,

Ref Number:577
406. Kellornaki, S., Hanninen, H. and Kolstrom, T. Model computations on the impacts of the climatic change on the productivity and silvicultural management of the forest ecosystem. Silva Fennica 22(4):293-305, 1988.

Ref Number:578
407. Transegaard, J. Summary of cost estimates of afforestation, Rome, Italy:FAO, 1989. pp. 110.

Ref Number:579
408. Hunter, I. Forestry Research Institute, New Zealand Ministry of Forestry, Rotoroa, NZ. Personal Communication JKW:1990.(Abstract)

Ref Number:580
409. Winterbottom, R. and Hazelwood, P. Agroforestry and sustainable development: Making the connection. Ambio 16:2-3, 1987.

Ref Number:581
410. WRI, World Resources Report 1986, Washington, D.C.:World Resources Inst and International Inst. for Environment and UN Envir. Prog., 1986.

Ref Number:582
411. Andrasko, K. . Personal Communication RKD:1990.(Abstract)

Ref Number:583
412. Trexler, M.C. Agroforestry in Guatemala: Mitigating global warming through social forestry, (In Press), 1991. pp. 87-96.

Ref Number:584
413. Farnum, P., Timmis, R. and Kulp, J. Biotechnology of forest yield. Science 219:694-702, 1983.

Ref Number:585
414. Ranney, J., Wright, L. and Layton, P. Hardwood energy crops: The technology of intensive culture. J.For. September:17-28, 1987.

Ref Number:586
415. Marland, G. The prospect of solving the CO2 problem through global reforestation, Washington, D.C.:U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Energy Research, DOE/NBB-0082, 1988. pp. 66.

Ref Number:587
416. Dover, M. and Talbot, L. To Feed the Earth: Agro-Ecology for Sustainable Development, Washington, D.C.:World Resources Institute, 1987.

Ref Number:588
417. USDA Forest Service, Analysis of the Timber Situation in the United States 1952-2030, Washington, D.C.:Forest Resrouce Report No. 23, 1982. pp. 499.

Ref Number:589
418. Sedjo, R.A. and Solomon, A.M. Climate and forests. In: Greenhouse Warming: Abatemend and Adaptation. Proceedings from Workshop, Washington, D.C, edited by Rosenberg, N.S., Easterling, W.E., Crosson, P.R. and Dormstadter, J. Washington, D.C.: Resources for the Future, 1991, p. 105-119.

Ref Number:590
419. Fronz, E. Tropical Forestry. In: Workshop on Greenhouse Gas "Emissions from Agricultural Systems: Summary Report, Washington, D.C.: IPCC, 1991, p. 31.

Ref Number:591
420. Schiffman, P. and Johnson, C. Phytomass and detrital carbon storage driving forest regrowth in the southeastern U.S. piedmont. Can.J.For.Res. 19:69-78, 1989.

Ref Number:592
421. Grey, G.W. and Deneke, F.J. Urban Forestry, New York:John Wiley and Sons, 1978. pp. 150.

Ref Number:593
422. Hartshorn, G.S., Simeone, R. and Tosi, J.A. Sustained yield managment of tropical forests: A synopsis of the Palcazu development project in the Central Selva of the Peruvian Amazon. English version of paper published in Spanish. In: Management of the Forests of Tropical America: Prospects and Technologies, edited by Figueroa, J., Wadsworth, F. and Branham, S. Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico: Institute of Tropical Forestry, 1987, p. 235-243.

Ref Number:594
423. APC, Aracruz Pulp Co., Brazil. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:595
424. Eckersley, R. Regreening Australia: The Environmental, Economic, and Social Benefits of Reforestation, Melbourne, Australia:CSIRO, Occasional Paper #3, 1989. pp. 28.

Ref Number:596
425. Villavicencis, V. The environmental aspects of Ipil- Ipil plantations. Renewable Sources of Energy 1:41-65, 1983.

Ref Number:598
426. Andrasko, K. Climate Change and Global Forests: Current Knowledge of Potential Effects, Adaptation and Mitigation Options, Rome, Italy:Forestry Dept., UN Food & Agriculture Organization, No. FO:MISC/90/7, 1990. pp. 76.

Ref Number:599
427. Savill, P.S. and Evans, J. Plantation Silviculture in Temperate Regions with special reference to the British Isles, Oxford:Clarendon Press, 1986. pp. 246.

Ref Number:600
428. Zobel, B.J., Van Wyk, G. and Stahl, P. Growing Exotic Forests, New York:Wiley and Sons, 1987. pp. 508.

Ref Number:601
429. Zobel, B.J. Zobel Forestry Associates,Inc. Personal Communication JKW:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:602
430. Zobel, B.J. and Talbert, J. Applied Forest Tree Improvement, New York:Wiley and Sons, 1984. pp. 505.

Ref Number:603
431. Eldridge, K.G. Genetic improvements from a radiata pine seed orchard. Journal of Forestry Science 12(2):404-411, 1982.

Ref Number:604
432. Talbert, J.T., Weir, R.J. and Arnold, R.D. Costs and benefits of a mature first-generation loblolly pine tree improvement program. J.For. 83(3):162-166, 1985.

Ref Number:605
433. Meskimen, G. Realized gain from breeding Eucalyptus grandis in Florida. In: Proceedings of a workshop on Eucalyptus in California. June 1983. General TECHNICAL REPORT PSW-69, edited by Standiford, R.B. and Ledig, F.T. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service, 1983, p. 121-128.

Ref Number:606
434. Campinhos, E. Presentation. In: 1. The New Eucalypt Forest. Proceedings of the Marcu Wallenberg Foundation Symposia, Falun, Sweden, Sept 1984, edited by Zobel, B.J. 1991, p. 21-27.

Ref Number:607
435. Sanchez, P.A. Deforestation reduction initiative: an imperative for world sustainability in the twenty-first century. In: Soils and the Greenhouse Effect, edited by Bouwman, A.F. New York: Wiley and Sons, 1990, p. 375-382.

Ref Number:608
436. Chaturvedi, A.N. Bamboos for Farming, India:U.P. Forest Bulletin No. 52, 1986. pp. 36.

Ref Number:609
437. Peters, C.M., Gentry, A.H. and Mendelsohn, R.O. Valuation of an Amazonian rainforest. Nature 339:655-656, 1989.

Ref Number:610
438. Sanchez, P.A. and Benites, J.R. Low-input cropping for acid soils of the humid tropics. Science 238:1521-1527, 1987.

Ref Number:611
439. Serrao, E.A. Pasture development and carbon emission/accumulation in the Amazon. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Tropical Forestry Response Options to Global Climate Change. SAO Paulo, Brazil, Jan. 1990, Washington, D.C.: USEPA, 1990, p. 211.

Ref Number:612
440. Richardson, S.D. Forests and Forestry in China, Washington, D.C:Island Press, 1990. pp. 352.

Ref Number:613
441. Burand, D.K. The debt-for-nature exchange: A tool for international conservation, Washington, D.C.:Conservation International, 1989. pp. 43.

Ref Number:614
442. Rubin, S.M. Guide to debt equity swaps. In: The Economist, London: 1987, p. 84.

Ref Number:615
443. Cody, B. Debt-for-nature swaps in developing countries: An overview of recent conservation efforts, Washington, D.C.:CRS report for Congress, 1988. pp. 34.

Ref Number:616
444. Winthrop, S. Debt-for-nature swaps: Debt relief and biosphere preservation? Washington, D.C.:The Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, 1988. pp. 43.

Ref Number:617
445. Barbier, E., Burgess, J. and Markandya, A. The economics of tropical deforestation. Ambio XX(2):55-58, 1991.

Ref Number:618
446. Goodland, R., Asibey, E., Post, J. and Dyson, M. Tropical moist forest hardwoods: the urgent transition to sustainability, The Intern. Soc. Ecol. Econ. Conference, May 1990, Washington, D.C.:The World Bank, 1990. pp. 36.

Ref Number:619
447. Meganck, R. and Goebel, J.M. Building bridges of understanding about the tropics. Journal of Environmental Interpretation 13(4):8-15, 1989.

Ref Number:620
448. Poore, M., Burgess, P., Palmer, J., Rietbergen, S. and Synott, T. No timber without trees: Sustainability in the tropical forest, London:Earthscan Press, 1990. pp. 252.

Ref Number:621
449. Trexler, M.C. and Faeth, P.E. Can we control the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? Energy 2(3):1977.

Ref Number:622
450. Schwartzman, S. Extractive reserves: The rubber trappers strategy for sustainable use of the Amazon rainforest. In: Fragile Lands of Latin America, edited by Browder, J.O. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1989, p. 150-165.

Ref Number:623
451. Kuhnke, D. Forestry Canada, Edmonton. Personal Communication RKD:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:624
452. Vitousek, P.M. Can planted forests counteract increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide? Journal of Environmental Quality 20:348-354, 1991.

Ref Number:625
453. Vitousek, P. Reforestation to offset carbon dioxide emissions. EN-6910 Research Project 3041-1, Palo Alto, CA:Electric Power Research Institute, 1990. pp. 27.

Ref Number:626
454. Glenn, E.P., Keut, K.J., Thompson, T.L. and Frye, R.J. Seaweeks and halophytes to remove carbon from the atmosphere. ER/EN-7177 Research Project 8011-3, Palo Alto, CA:Electric Power Research Institute, 1991. pp. 69.

Ref Number:627
455. Kulp, J.L. The photosystem as a sink for carbon dioxide. EN-6786 Research Project 8011-3, Palo Alto, CA:Electric Power Research Institute, 1990. pp. 19.

Ref Number:628
456. Batisse, M. The relevance of MAB. Environmental Conservation 7(3):179-184, 1980.

Ref Number:629
457. Batisse, M. Development and implementation of the biosphere reserve concept and its applicability to coastal regions. Environmental Conservation 17(2):111-116, 1990.

Ref Number:630
458. Miller, K.R. Planning national parks for ecodevelopment: methods and cases from Latin America, Ctr for strat mgmnt studies, School of Nat. Res., Univ. of Michigan, 1978. pp. 625.

Ref Number:631
459. Thorsell, J.W. Research in tropical protected areas: some guidelines for managers. Environmental Conservation 17(1):14-18, 1990.

Ref Number:632
460. Internation Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Managing protected areas in the tropics, Gland, Switzerland:IUCNNR, 1986. pp. 295.

Ref Number:633
461. Flavin, C. Slowing global warming: A worldwide strategy, Washington, D.C.:Worldwatch Institute, 1989. pp. 94.

Ref Number:634
462. Davis, L.S. and Johnson, K.M. Forest Management, New York:McGraw-Hill, 1987. pp. 790.

Ref Number:635
463. Graham, R.L., Perlack, R.D., Prasad, A.M.G., Ranney, J.W. and Waddle, D.B. Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa, Tennessee:U.S. Dept. Energy, Oak Ridge Nat'l Lab, No. ORNL-6640, 1990. pp. 135.

Ref Number:636
464. Bailey, R.G. Explanatory supplement to ecoregions map of the continents. Environmental Conservation 16(4):307-309, 1989.

Ref Number:637
465. Trexler, M.C. Minding the Carbon Store: Weighing U.S. Forestry Strategies to Slow Global Warming, Washington, D.C.:World Resources Institute, 1991. pp. 81.

Ref Number:638
466. Office of Technology Assessment (OTA), Changing by Degrees, Steps to Reduce Greenhouse Gases, Washington, D.C.:OTA Congress of the U.S., No. OTA-0-482, 1991. pp. 356.

Ref Number:639
467. Noordwijk Ministerial Conference, The Noordwijk Declaration on Climate Change, Noordwijk, The Netherlands:Ministerial Conf. on Atmospheric Pollution and Climate Change, 1989. pp. 15.

Ref Number:640
468. Brown, S., Gillespie, A.J.R. and Lugo, A.E. Biomass estimation methods for tropical forests with applications to forest inventory data. Forest Science 35(4):881-902, 1989.

Ref Number:641
469. Hansen, A.S., Spies, T.A., Swanson, F.J. and Ohmann, J.L. Conserving biodiversity in managed forests. BioScience 41(6):382-392, 1990.

Ref Number:642
470. Grainger, A. Estimating areas of degraded tropical lands requiring replenishment of forest cover. The International Tree Crop Journal 5:31-61, 1988.

Ref Number:643
471. Ross-Sheriff, B. and Cough, P. Tropical forestry response options workshop. In: Proceedings of the conference on Tropical Forestry Response Options to Global Climate Change, Jan. 1990, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Washington, D.C.: Office of Policy Analysis, US EPA, No. 20P-2003, 1990, p. 338-355.

Ref Number:644
472. Grainger, A. Overcoming constraints on assessing feasible afforestation and revegetation rates to combat global climate change. In: Proceedings of a Technical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: Paper No. 4.1, 1991, p. 13.

Ref Number:645
473. Trexler, M.C. Estimating tropical biomass futures: A tentative scenario. In: Proceedings of a Tropical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: Paper No. 4.6, 1991, p. 13.

Ref Number:646
474. Houghton, R.A. The future role of tropical forests in affecting the carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere. Ambio 19(4):204-209, 1990.

Ref Number:647
475. Myers, N. Tropical Forests and their Species: Going, Going...? In: Biodiversity, edited by Wilson, E.O. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1986, p. 28-35.

Ref Number:648
476. Norse, E.A. Ancient Forests of the Pacific Northwest, published for the Wilderness Society, Washington, D.C, Covelo, CA:Island Press, 1990. pp. 327.

Ref Number:649
477. Repetto, R. and Gillis, M. Public Policies and the Misuse of Forest Resources, esp chapter 9, Conclusions: findings and policy implications, Washington, D.C.:World Resources Institute, 1988. pp. 432.

Ref Number:650
478. Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.S. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, Washington, D.C.:USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991. pp. 160.

Ref Number:651
479. Chaturvedi, A.N. Reforestation in India. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.S. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991, p. 109-115.

Ref Number:652
480. de Jesus, R.M. The need for reforestation. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.S. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, 1991, p. 81-86.

Ref Number:653
481. Walstad, J.D. Feasibility of large-scale reforestation projects for mitigating CO2: Ecological considerations. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.S. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, No. EPA/600/9-91/014, 1991, p. 11-28.

Ref Number:654
482. UN Conference of Environmental and Development, Second Session, Preparatory Committee for the UNCED Meeting in Brazil, 1992, April 4, 1991:Land Resources: Deforestation. A/CONF.151/PC/WG.I/L.18/REV.1, 1991.

Ref Number:655
483. Winjum, J.K., Keatley, J.E., Stevens, R.G. and Gutzwiler, J.R. Regenerating the blast zone of Mount St. Helens. J.For. 84(5):28-35, 1986.

Ref Number:656
484. Holbrook, J.J. Replanting St. Helens. American Forests May:16-19, 1986.

Ref Number:657
485. Franklin, J.F., Macmahon, J.A., Swanson, F.J. and Sedell, J.R. Ecosystem responses to the eruption of Mount St. Helens. National Geographic Research 1(2):198-216, 1985.

Ref Number:658
486. Andrasko, K. Forestry Chapter. In: Policy Options to Stablize Global Climate. Report to Congress, edited by Lashof, D. and Tirpak, D. Washington, D.C.: US Env. Prot. Agency, 1990, p. 175-237.

Ref Number:659
487. Shair, F.H. Pitfalls of the Expert. American Scientist 79:186, 1991.

Ref Number:660
488. USDA Forest Service, An analysis of the timber situation in the United States: 1989-2040, USDA Forest Service, General TECHNICAL REPORT RM-199:Rocky Mtn Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1990. pp. 268.

Ref Number:661
489. Young, R.A. Forest Science, New York:Wiley & Sons, 1982. pp. 554.

Ref Number:662
490. Dyson, F.J. Can we control the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? Energy 2:287-291, 1977.

Ref Number:663
491. Fed. Rep. Germany., Assessment of potential, feasibility, and costs of forestry options in the temperate and boreal zones - interim report. In: Proceedings of a technical workshop to explore options for global forest management, Bangkok, Thailand: Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Forestry(Federal Republic of Germany), 1991,

Ref Number:664
492. Houghton, R.A., Unruh, J. and Lefebvre, P.A. Current land use in the tropics and its potential for sequestering carbon. In: Proceedings of a technical workshop to explore options for global forest management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: 1991,

Ref Number:665
493. Marland, G. The role of forests in addressing the CO2 greenhouse. In: Global climate change linkages: acid rain, air quality and stratospheric ozone, edited by White, J.C. New York: Elsevier Publishing, 1989,

Ref Number:666
494. Schroeder, P.E. and Ladd, L. Slowing the increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide: a biological approach. Climatic Change 1991.(In Press)

Ref Number:667
495. Schroeder, P.E. Carbon storage potential of short rotation tropical tree plantations. Forest Ecology and Management 1991.(In Press)

Ref Number:668
496. Sedjo, R. Forests to offset the greenhouse effect. J.For. 87(7):12-15, 1989.

Ref Number:669
497. Sedjo, R. Forests: a tool to moderate global warming? Environment 31:14-20, 1989.

Ref Number:670
498. Lammer, D. USDA Forest Service. Personal Communication JJL:1991.

Ref Number:671
499. Eckersley, R. Regreening Australia: The environmental, economic, and social benefits of reforestation. Occasional Paper 3, E. Melbourne, Australia:CSIRO, 1989. pp. 28.

Ref Number:672
500. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Climate Change, The IPCC Scientific Assessment. Working Group Report, Cambridge, UK:WMO and UNEP. Univ. Press, 1990. pp. 365.

Ref Number:673
501. International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics Yearbook, Vol. XLIII, 1990. pp. 775.

Ref Number:674
502. International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics Yearbook, Vol. XLIV, 1991. pp. 602.

Ref Number:675
503. Waring, R.H. and Schlesinger, W.H. Forest Ecosystems, Concepts and Management, Orlando, Florida:Academic Press, 1985. pp. 340.

Ref Number:676
504. Dixon, R.K. and Turner, D.P. The global carbon cycle and climate change: Responses and feedbacks from belowground systems. Environmental Pollution 1991.(In Press)

Ref Number:678
505. Brown, S. and Lugo, A. Tropical secondary forests. Jour.Tropical Ecol. 6:1-32, 1990.

Ref Number:679
506. Bouwman, A.F. Exchange of greenhouse gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. In: Soils and the greenhouse effect: Proceedings of the international conference on soils and the greenhouse effect, edited by Bouwman, A.F. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1990, p. 62-127.

Ref Number:680
507. Maini, J.S. Towards an international instrument of forests sustainable development and the Canadian forest sector. In: Proceedings of a Tropical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: Paper No. 4.2, 1991, p. 4.

Ref Number:681
508. Smith, J.B. and Tirpak, D.(eds.) The Potential Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States. Report to Congress, Washington, D.C.:EPA-230-05-89-050, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1989. pp. 413.

Ref Number:682
509. Lashof, D.A. and Tirpak, D.A. Policy Options for Stabilizing Global Climate. Draft Report to Congress, Washington, D.C.:US EPA, Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation, 1989.

Ref Number:683
510. King, G.A., Winjum, J.K., Dixon, R.K. and Arnaut, L.Y.(eds.) Response and feedbacks of forest systems to global climate change, EPA/600/3-90/080:US Environmental Protection Agency, 1990. pp. 156.

Ref Number:684
511. Allan, T. and Lanly, J.P. Overview of status and trends of world forests. In: Proceedings of a Tropical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: Paper No. 3.1, 1991, p. 35.

Ref Number:685
512. Taylor, D.A. and Medema, L.(eds.) Trees on Small Farms: Multipurpose Tree Species Research for the Arid and Semi-Arid Tropics. In: Proceedings of the Network Workshop of the Forestry/Fuelwood Research and Development (F/Fred) Project, November 1987, Karachi, Pakistan, Washington, D.C.: Winrock International Inst. Agri. Development and US AID, 1987, p. 112.

Ref Number:686
513. Office of Technology Assessment (OTA), Technologies to Maintain Biological Diversity, Washington, D.C.:US Congress, 1984. pp. 344.

Ref Number:687
514. Gregersen, H., Draper, S. and Elz, D. People and trees: The role of social forestry in sustainable development. EDI Seminar Series, Washington, D.C.:World Bank, 1989. pp. 273.

Ref Number:688
515. Schneider, S.H. The changing climate. Sci.Amer. 261(3):70-79, 1989.

Ref Number:689
516. U.S.National Academy of Science, Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming, Washington, D.C.:National Academy Press, 1991. pp. 127.

Ref Number:690
517. Shepard, G., Shanks, E. and Hobley, M. National experiences in managing tropical and subtropical dry forests. In: Proceedings of a Tropical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: Paper No. 3.10, 1991, p. 68.

Ref Number:691
518. Sedjo, R.A. and Lyon, K.S. The Long-Term Adequacy of World Timber Supply, Washington, D.C.:Resources for the Future, 1990. pp. 230.

Ref Number:692
519. Matthews, E. Global vegetation and land use: New high-resolution data base for climate studies. J.Climate Appl. Meteorol. 22:474-487, 1983.

Ref Number:693
520. Perlin, J. A Forest Journey, the Role of Wood in the Development of Civilization, New York:Norton, 1989. pp. 445.

Ref Number:694
521. Leemans, R. Possible changes in natural vegetation patterns due to a global warming. Publication No. 108, Laxenbur, Austria:International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis A-2361, 1990. pp. 13.

Ref Number:695
522. Reid, W.V. and Miller, K.R. Keeping options alive: The scientific basis for conserving biodiversity, Washington, D.C.:World Resource Institute, 1989. pp. 128.

Ref Number:696
523. Dickinson, R.E. How will climate change: The climate system and modelling of future climate. In: Scope 29: The Greenhouse Effect, Climatic Change and Ecosystems, edited by Bolin, , Doos, B.R., Jager, J. and Warrick, R.A. New York: John Wiley, 1986, p. 221-231.

Ref Number:697
524. Bergengren, J.C. and Thompson, S.L. NCAR. Personal Communication GAK:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:698
525. Manabe, S. and Wetherald, R.T. Large-scale changes in soil wetness induced by an increase in carbon dioxide. J. Atmos. Sci. 44:1211-1235, 1987.

Ref Number:699
526. Schlesinger, M.E. and Zhao, Z.C. Seasonal climatic change introduced by doubled CO2 as simulated by the OSU atmospheric GCM/mixed-layer ocean model. J.Climate 2:429-495, 1989.

Ref Number:701
527. Moulton, R.J. and Richards, K.R. Costs of sequestering carbon through tree planting and forest management in the United States; Tables 1 and 9, USDA Forest Service General TECHNICAL REPORT WO-58, 1990.

Ref Number:702
528. Dubois, M., Watson, W.F., Straka, T.J. and Belli, K.L. Costs and cost trends for forestry practices in the South. Forest Farmer 50(3):26-32, 1991.

Ref Number:703
529. Bickerstaff, A., Wallace, W.L. and Evert, F. Growth of Forests in Canada, Part 2: A Quantitative Description of the Land Base and the Mean Annual Increment. Info. Rep. P1-X-1; Tables 3,6-17, Canada:Canadian Forest Service, Environment, 1981. pp. 136.

Ref Number:704
530. WRI, World Resources 1990-91; Tables 17.1 and 19.1, Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1990. pp. 383.

Ref Number:705
531. Lavender, D.P. Reforestation in British Columbia. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Large-Scale Reforestation, edited by Winjum, J.K., Schroeder, P.E. and Kenady, M.J. (In Press), 1991,

Ref Number:706
532. S.Africa DF., The Forestry Industry in South Africa, Private Bag X447, Pretoria 0001:The Directorate of Forestry of the Dept of Env. Affairs/ISBN 0621 08 50 57, 1984.

Ref Number:707
533. Schonau, A.P.G. and Stubbings, J.A.(eds.) Proceedings Symposium "Forestry Quo Vadis?" 23 June 1983/ISBN 0 620 06767 5, Pietermaritzburg:The Southern African Institute of Forestry, 1983.

Ref Number:708
534. Darrow, W.K. 251 Pamphlet: The D.R. de Wet Forestry Research Station, Private Bag X93, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa:The Department of Forestry, 1980.

Ref Number:709A
669. Sedjo, R. The comparative economics of plantation forestry: a global assessment, Washington, D.C.:Resources for the Future, 1983. pp. 161.

Ref Number:709B
670. Bredenkamp, B.V., Venter, J.S.J. and Haigh, H. Early respacement and fewer thinnings can increase profitability of coniferous sawtimber production. No Journal 1991.

Ref Number:710
535. SFIF, Excursion Guide for Symposium on Site and Productivity of Fast Growing Plantations, Pietermaritzburg:South African Institute of Forestry, 1984.

Ref Number:711
536. Waddell, K.L., Oswald, D.D. and Powell, D.S. Forest statistics of the United States, Tables 4, 5, and 28. In: 1987 Research Bulletin PNW-RB-168, Portland, OR: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Res. Station, 1989, p. 106.

Ref Number:712
537. Peer, R.L., Campbell, D.L. and Hohenstein, W.G. Global Warming Mitigation Potential of Three Tree Plantation Scenarios. In: EPA Contract Number 68-02-4266, Work Assignment Nos. 97 and 112, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 1991,

Ref Number:750
538. Mitchell, J.F.B., Senior, C.A. and Ingram, W.J. CO2 and climate: A missing feedback? Nature 341:132-134, 1989.

Ref Number:751
539. Gates, W.L. Modeling as a means of studying the climate system. In: Projecting the Climatic Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide, edited by MacCracken, M.C. and Luther, F.M. Washington, D.C.: DOE/ER-0237, US Department of Energy, 1985,

Ref Number:752
540. Schlesinger, M.E. and Mitchell, J.F.B. Model projections of the equilibrium climatic response to increased carbon dioxide. In: Projecting the Climatic Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide, edited by MacCracken, M.D. and Luther, F.M. Washington, D.C.: DOE/ER-0237, US Department of Energy, 1985,

Ref Number:753
541. Norby, R.J., O'Neill, E.G. and Luxmoore, R.J. Effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment on the growth and mineral nutrition of Quercus alba seedlings in nutrient-poor soil. Plant Physiol. 82:83-89, 1986.

Ref Number:754
542. Norby, R.J., Pastor, J. and Melillo, J.M. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in CO2-enriched white oak: Physiological and long-term perspectives. Tree Physiol. 2:233-241, 1986.

Ref Number:755
543. Mooney, H.A., Drake, B.G., Luxmoore, R.J., Oechel, W.C. and Pitelka, L.F. Predicting ecosystem response to elevated CO2 concentrations. BioScience 41:96-104, 1991.

Ref Number:756
544. Neilson, R.P., King, G.A. and Koerper, G. Towards a rule-based biome model. Landscape Ecology 1991.(In Press)

Ref Number:757
545. Neilson, R.P. and King, G.A. in press. Continental scale biome responses to climatic change. In: Proceedings of International Symposium: Ecological Indicators. October 16-19, 1990. Ft. Lauderdale, FL, edited by McKenzie, D., Hyatt, E. and MacDonald, J. Elsevier Science Publishers, 1991,

Ref Number:758
546. Bolin, B., Degens, E.T., Kempe, S. and Ketner, P. The Global Carbon Cycle, New York:John Wiley & Sons, 1979.

Ref Number:759
547. Schneider, S.H. Global Warming: Are We Entering the Greenhouse Century? San Francisco:Sierra Club, 1989. pp. 317.

Ref Number:760
548. Whittaker, R.H. and Likens, G.E. The biosphere and man. In: Primary Productivity of the Biosphere. Ecol. Study No. 14, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1975,

Ref Number:761
549. Post, W.M., Emanuel, W.R., Zinke, P.J. and Stangenberger, A.G. Soil carbon pools and world life zones. Nature 298:156-159, 1982.

Ref Number:762
550. Ajtay, G.L., Ketner, P. and Duvigneaud, P. Terrestrial primary production and phytomass. In: The Global Carbon Cycle. SCOPE Report No. 13, Chichester: John Wiley, 1979, p. 129-182.

Ref Number:763
551. Olson, J.S., Watts, J.A. and Allison, L.J. Carbon in live vegetation of major world ecosystems, Oak Ridge, TN:ORNL-5862, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1983. pp. 180.

Ref Number:764
552. Mooney, H.A., Vitousek, P.M. and Matson, P.A. Exchange of materials between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Science 238:926-932, 1987.

Ref Number:765
553. Keeling, C.D., Bacastow, R.B., Carter, A.F., Piper, S.C., Whorf, T.P., Heimann, M., Mook, W.G. and Roeloffzen, H. A three-dimensional model of atmospheric CO2 transport based on observed winds: Analysis of observational data. Geophys. Monogr. 55:165-236, 1989.

Ref Number:767
554. Tans, P.P., Fung, I.Y. and Takahashi, T. Observational constraints on the global atmospheric CO2 budget. Science 247:1431-1438, 1990.

Ref Number:768
555. Woodwell, G.M., Hobbie, J.E., Houghton, R.A., Melillo, J.M., Moore, B., Peterson, B.J. and Shaver, G.R. Global deforestation: Contribution to atmospheric carbon dioxide. Science 222:1081-1086, 1983.

Ref Number:769
556. Palm, C.A., Houghton, R.A., Melillo, J.M. and Skole, D.L. Atmospheric carbon dioxide from deforestation in southeast Asia. Biotropica 18:177-188, 1986.

Ref Number:770
557. Houghton, R.A., Hobbie, J.E., Melillo, J.M., Moore, B., Peterson, B.J., Shaver, G.R. and Woodwell, G.M. Changes in the carbon content of terrestrial biota and soils between 1860 and 1980: A net release of CO2 to the atmosphere. Ecol. Monogr. 53:235-262, 1983.

Ref Number:771
558. Houghton, R.A., Boone, R.D., Melillo, J.M., Palm, C.A., Woodwell, G.M., Myers, N., Moore III, B. and Skole, D.K. Net flux of carbon dioxide from tropical forests in 1980. Nature 316:617-620, 1985.

Ref Number:772
559. Detwiler, R.P. and Hall, C.A.S. Tropical forests and the global carbon cycle. Science 239:42-46, 1988.

Ref Number:773
560. Sanchez, P. and Benites, J. Low-input cropping for acid soils of the humid tropics. Science 238:1521-1527, 1987.

Ref Number:774
561. Houghton, R.A., Boone, R.D., Fruci, J.R., Hobbie, J.E., Melillo, J.M., Palm, C.A., Peterson, B.J., Shaver, G.R. and Woodwell, G.M. The flux of carbon from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere in 1980 due to changes in land use: Geographic distribution of the global flux. Tellus 39B:122-139, 1987.

Ref Number:775
562. LeTacon, F. and Harley, J.L. Deforestation in the Tropics and Proposals to Arrest it. Ambio 19(8):372-378, 1990.

Ref Number:776
563. Harmon, M.E., Ferrell, W.K. and Franklin, J.F. Effects on carbon storage of conversion of old-growth forests to young forests. Science 247:699-702, 1990.

Ref Number:777
564. Row, C. The carbon cycle impacts of improving forestry products utilization and recycling. In: Proceedings, North American Conference on Forestry Responses to Climate Change, May 15-17, 1990, Washington, D.C.: The Climate Institute, 1990,

Ref Number:778
565. Sargent, C. Options for the coordination of international action on forest conservation and management. In: Proceedings of a Tropical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: Paper No. 3.9, 1991, p. 2.

Ref Number:779
566. Gov.of The Netherlands, The potential contribution of forestry in tropical countries to decrease atmospheric carbon content. In: Proceedings of a Tropical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: Paper No. 3.4, 1991, p. 18.

Ref Number:780
567. Fearnside, P.M. Contribution to the greenhouse effect from deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia. Paper presented to the International conference on soils and the Greenhouse Effect, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 14-18 August, 1989, 1989. pp. 43.

Ref Number:782
568. Myers, N. Deforestation Rates in Tropical Forests and Their Climatic Implications, London, December:Friends of the Earth, 1989. pp. 116.

Ref Number:783
569. Tucker, C.J. Relationship between atmospheric CO2 variations and a satellite-derived vegetation index. Nature 319:195-199, 1986.

Ref Number:784
570. Gucinski, H. The Role of Country Carbon Budgets in Global Climate Change Analysis, PACLIM Symposium, Monterey, CA, March 1991 (in press), 1991.

Ref Number:785
571. Hansen, J., Russell, G., Rind, D., Stone, P., Lacis, A., Lebedeff, S., Ruedy, R. and Travis, L. Efficient three-dimensional global models for climate studies: Models I and II. Monthly Weather Review 111:609-662, 1983.

Ref Number:786
572. Box, E.O. Macroclimate and Plant Forms: An Introduction to Predictive Modeling in Phytogeography, The Hague:Dr. W. Junk Publishers, 1981.

Ref Number:787
573. Holdridge, L.R. Life Zone Ecology, San Jose, CA:Tropical Science Center, 1967.

Ref Number:788
574. Smith, T.M., Shugart, H.H., Bonan, G.B. and Smith, J.B. Modeling the potential response of vegetation to global climate change. Advances in Ecological Research 1991.(In Press)

Ref Number:789
575. Westoby, J. Introduction to World Forestry, New York, NY:Blackwell, 1891. pp. 228.

Ref Number:790
576. Apps, M.J. and Kurz, W.A. Assessing the role of Canadian Forests and forest activities in global carbon budget. Second International Conference on Scientific and Policy Issues Facing all governments, April 1991, Chicago, IL (in press), 1991.

Ref Number:791
577. Swisher, J.N. Cost and performance of CO2 storage in forestry projects. In: Proceedings of a Tropical Workshop to Explore Options for Global Forest Management, April 1991, Bangkok, Thailand: Paper No. 3.2, 1991, p. 13.

Ref Number:792
578. Suarez, H.L. International Monetary Fund. Personal Communication RAM:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:793
579. Grainger, A. Strategies to control deforestation and associated carbon emissions in the humid tropics. In: Proceedings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Conference on Tropical Forestry Response Options to Global Climate Change, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 9-12 January 1990, Washington, D.C.: US Environmental Protection Agency, 1990, p. 105-119.

Ref Number:794
580. US Environmental Protection Agency, Tropical Forestry Response Options to Global Climate Change, Conference Proceedings Sao Paulo, Brazil, Jan. 1990, US EPA, 20P-2003, 1990. pp. 531.

Ref Number:795
581. Wright, L.L., Graham, R.L. and Turhollow, A.F. (in press). Shortrotation woody crop opportunities to mitigate carbon dioxide buildup. In: The North American Conference on Forestry Response to Climate Change, 15-17 May 1990, Washington, D.C.: Climate Institute, 1991,

Ref Number:796
582. Row, C. and Phelps, R.B. Tracing the flow of carbon through U.S. forest product sector. In: 19th World Congress, 5-11 August 1990, Montreal, Canada, International Union of Forestry Research Organization, 1990,

Ref Number:797
583. Lee, B. Highlights of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association 41(1):16-19, 1991.

Ref Number:798
584. Cobb, D., Cobb, S.S. and Cobb, G.B. Douglas Cobb's 1-2-3 Handbook, New York:Bantam Books, 1989. Ed. 2nd pp. 774.

Ref Number:799
585. McGaughey, S.E. and Gregerson, H.M. Investment policies and financing mechanism for sustainable forestry development, Washington, D.C.:InterAmerican Bank, 1988. pp. 126.

Ref Number:800
586. Amaral Machado, S. Growth and yield of coniferous plantations in tropical regions (unpub. paper), Seattle, WA:College of Forestry, University of Washington, 1975.

Ref Number:801
587. Bannister, M.H. and Orman, H.R. Cupressus lusitanica as a potential timber tree for New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Forestry 8(2):203-217, 1960.

Ref Number:802
588. Carvalho, J.A. Cupressus lusitanica em S. Paulo. Annuario Brasileiro de Economia Florestal 7:124-142, 1954.

Ref Number:803
589. Fenton, R. Comparisons of Chilean and New Zealand radiata pine plantations. New Zealand Journal of Forestry 24(1):13-24, 1979.

Ref Number:804
590. Ferreira, L. Melhoramento florestal e silvicultura intensiva com eucalipto. Silvicultura 29:5-11, 1983.

Ref Number:805
591. Golfari, L. Alguns aspectos sobre reflor. no sul do Brasil. Annuario Brasileiro de Economia Florestal 19:233-236, 1968.

Ref Number:806
592. Heinsdijk, D. and Soares, O.R. Plantacoes de coniferas no Brasil. Estudo peliminar sobre volumes e rendimentos da Araucaria angustifolia, Cryptomeria japonica, Cunninghamia lanceolata e Pinus elliottii. Boletim No. 5. Servico Florestal do Ministerio da Agricultura, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil:Setor de Inventarios Florestais, 1962.

Ref Number:807
593. Jelvez, A., Blatner, K.A., Govett, R.L. and Steinhagen, P.H. Chile's evolving forest products industry-Part 1. Its role in international markets. Forest Products Journal 39(10):63-67, 1989.

Ref Number:808
594. Kissin, I. Crescimento e producao do pinheiro brasileiro. Annuario Brasileiro de Economia Florestal 3:429-477, 1950.

Ref Number:809
595. Lamb, A.F.A. Pinus caribaea (Vol. 1). Fast growing timber trees of the lowland tropics, No. 6, Oxford:University of Oxford, Commonwealth Forestry Institute, 1973. pp. 254.

Ref Number:810
596. Laroze, A. Oregon State University, Corvallis. Personal Communication LHL:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:811
597. Lisbao Junior, L. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA), Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Personal Communication LHL:1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:812
598. Sedjo, R.A. The comparative economics of plantation forestry, Washington, D.C.:Resources for the Future, Inc., 1983. pp. 161.

Ref Number:813
599. Schreuder, G.F., de Barros, A.A.A. and Hill, D.A. The global supply and cost price structure of Eucalyptus (unpub. paper), Seattle, WA:CINTRAFOR, University of Washington, 1990. pp. 29.

Ref Number:814
600. Shirley, J.W. Average yield of Radiata pine in New Zealand State Forests. New Zealand Journal of Forestry 29(1):143-144, 1984.

Ref Number:815
601. Shula, R.G. The upper limits of Radiata pine stem-volume in NZ. New Zealand Forestry 34(2):19-22, 1989.

Ref Number:816
602. Van Goor, C.P. Reflorestamento com coniferas no Brasil. Aspectos ecologicos dos plantios na regiao sul, particularmente com Pinus elliottii e Araucaria angustifolia. Boletim No. 9. Servico Florestal do Ministerio da Agricultura, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil:Setor de Inventarios Florestais, 1965. pp. 58.

Ref Number:817
603. Cozzo, D. Tecnologia de la forestacion en Argentina y America Latina, Buenos Aires, Argentina:Editorial Hemisferio Sur, 1976. pp. 610.

Ref Number:818
604. Carton de Colombia, S.A. Forest Research in the Bajo Calima Concession, Cali, Colombia:Ninth Annual Report, 1985. pp. 226.

Ref Number:819
605. Ladrach, W.E. Forest Consultant, Zobel Forestry Associates, Raleigh, NC. Personal Communication 1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:820
606. Navarro Pereira, C.M. Evaluacion del crecimiento y rendimiento de Bombacopsis quinatum (Jacq) Dugand en 14 sitios en Costa Rica. Indices de sitio y algunos aspectos finacieros de la especie. M.S. Thesis, Turrialba, Costa Rica:Programa de Recursos Naturales Renovables, CATIE, 1987. pp. 93.

Ref Number:821
607. Hughell, D. Modelos para la prediccion del crecimiento y rendimiento de Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Gliricidia sepium, Guazuma ulmifolia y Leucaena leucocephala en America Central. In: Serie Tecnica, Boletin Tecnico No. 22, Turrialba, Costa Rica: Proyecto MADELENA, CATIE, 1990, p. 58.

Ref Number:822
608. Longwood, F.R. Present and potential commercial timbers of the Caribbean, Washington, D.C.:US Dept of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook No. 202, 1964. pp. 167.

Ref Number:823
609. Panshin, A.J., de Zeeuw, C. and Brown, H.P. Textbook of wood technology, New York, NY:McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1964. pp. 643.

Ref Number:824
610. The World Book Encyclopedia, Colombia and Costa Rica. In: Vol. 4, Chicago, IL.: World Book, Inc., 1990, p. 782,-1082-3,map.

Ref Number:825
611. The World Book Encyclopedia, Ecuador. In: Vol. 6, Chicago, IL: World Book, Inc., 1990, p. 67-68, + maps.

Ref Number:826
612. The World Book Encyclopedia, Guatemala. In: Vol. 8, Chicago, IL: World Book, Inc., 1990, p. 438 + map.

Ref Number:827
613. The World Book Encyclopedia, Nicaragua. In: Vol. 14, Chicago, IL: World Book, Inc., 1990, p. 401-402 + map.

Ref Number:828
614. The World Book Encyclopedia, Peru. In: Vol 15, Chicago, IL: World Book, Inc., 1990, p. 311-312 + map.

Ref Number:829
615. The World Book Encyclopedia, Uruguay. In: Vol. 20, Chicago, IL: World Book, Inc., 1990, p. 243-244 + map.

Ref Number:830
616. Islas Gutierrez, F. Marco de referencia del proyecto manejo de bosques naturales. In: Boletin Tecnico Instituto Nacional de Inestigaciones Forestales No. 105, Mexico, DF: Secretaria de Agricultura Y Recursos Hidraulicos, 1985, p. 69-appedices.

Ref Number:831
617. Little, E.L. and Wadsworth, F.H. Common trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, Washington, D.C.:US Dept of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook No. 249, 1964. pp. 548.

Ref Number:832
618. Timber Research and Development Association (TRADA), Timbers of the world, Vol. 2, Bath, United Kingdom:Pitman Press, 1980. pp. 449.

Ref Number:833
619. Little, E.L. Common fuelwood crops, Morgantown, WV:Communi-Tech Associates, 1983. pp. 354.

Ref Number:834
620. Donahue, J. Assistant Director, CAMCORE. North Carolina State University, School of Forest Resources. Raleigh, NC. Personal Communication 1991.(Abstract)

Ref Number:835
621. Kloot, N.H. and Bolza, E. Properties of timbers imported into Australia. In: Technological Paper No. 12, Melbourne, Australia: Division of Forest Products, Commonwealth Sci. and Ind. Res. Org. (CSIRO), 1961, p. 79.

Ref Number:836
622. Chen, C.L. The physical properties of 101 Chinese woods. Forest Products Journal 12(7):339-342, 1962.

Ref Number:851
623. Dixon, R.K. Forest biotechnology opportunities in developing countries. The Journal of Developing Areas 22:207-218, 1988.

Ref Number:852
624. Dixon, R.K. Responses and feedbacks of global forests to climate change. In: Proceedings of Symposium on Mangement and Productivity of Western-Montane Forest Soils (in press), edited by Klade, R. USDA FS GTR, 1991,

Ref Number:853
625. Dixon, R.K., Winjum, J.K. and Krankina, O.N. Forestation and forest management options and their costs at the site level. In: Proceedings of Technical Workshop to Explore Global Forest Management Options (in press), Bangkok, Thailand: 1991,

Ref Number:854
626. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Production Yearbook, Rome, Italy:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1987.

Ref Number:855
627. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Tropical forestry action plan, Rome, Italy:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1985. pp. 275.

Ref Number:856
628. Brown, L.R., Durning, A., Flavin, C., Hesse, L., Jacobson, J., Postel, S., Renner, M., Pollock-Shea, C. and Starke, L. State of the World- 1989, A Worldwatch Institute Report on Progress toward a Sustainable Society, New York:Norton, 1989. pp. 256.

Ref Number:900
629. Turner, J. and Lambert, M.J. Nutrition and nutritional relationships of Pinus radiata. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 17:325-350, 1986.

Ref Number:901
630. Gentle, S.W., Humphreys, F.R. and Lambert, M.J. Continuing response of Pinus radiata to phosphatic fertilizers over two rotations. For.Sci. 32:822-829, 1986.

Ref Number:902
631. Grey, D.C. and Jacobs, E.O. The impact of harvesting on forest site quality. South Africa For. J. 140:60-66, 1987.

Ref Number:903
632. Horne, R. Personal Communication. In: 7th North American Forest Soils Conference, 1991,

Ref Number:904
633. Turner, J. and Gessel, S.P. Forest productivity in the southern hemisphere with particular emphasis on managed forests. In: 7th North American Forest Soils Conference, 1991, p. 23-39.

Ref Number:905
634. Powers, R.F. Maintaining long-term forest productivity in the Pacific Northwest: Defining the issues. In: Maintaining the long term productivity in the Pacific Northwest Forest Ecosystems, 1989, p. 3-16.

Ref Number:906
635. Wert, S. and Thomas, B.R. Effects of skid roads on diameter, height, and volume growth in Douglas-fir. Soil Science Society of America Journal 45(3):629-632, 1981.

Ref Number:907
636. Helms, J.A., Hipkin, C. and Alexander, E.B. Effects of soil compaction on height growth of a California ponderosa pine plantation. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 1(4):104-108, 1986.

Ref Number:908
637. Gessel, S.P., Miller, R.E. and Cole, D.W. Relative importance of water and nutrients on the growth of coast Douglas Fir in the Pacific Northwest. Forest Ecology and Management 30:327-340, 1990.

Ref Number:909
638. Liu, S.P., Chang, Y., Zhu, Z.X., Nan, J.D., Dei, P.S., Li, Z.C., Gao, G.W. and Chen, S.L. A study on growing laws of plating Poplus Euramericana cv "I-214" and its responses to fertillizer application. In: Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Forest Soils, edited by Lin, B.-Q. Harbin, China: Publishing House of Northeast Forestry University, 1990, p. 137-142.

Ref Number:910
639. Li, Y.Q. Brief account of research on forest fertilization in China. In: Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Forest Soils, edited by Lin, B.-Q. Harbin, China: Publishing House of Northeast Forestry University, 1990, p. 154-157.

Ref Number:912
640. Burschel, P., Eder, R., Kantarci, D. and Rehfuess, D. [Effects of different soil cultivation procedures on growth, phytomass accumulation, and nutrient supply of young pines (Pinus sylverstris) Forest ecosystems]. Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt 96:321-338, 1977.

Ref Number:913
641. Thomson, J.H. and Neustein, S.A. An experiment in intensive cultivation of an upland heath. Scott. For. 27:211-221, 1973.

Ref Number:914
642. Perry, T.O. Soil compaction and loblolly pine growth. Tree Planters' Notes 67:9, 1964.

Ref Number:915
643. Wert, S. and Thomas, B.R. Effects of skid roads on diameter, height, and volume growth in Douglas-fir. Soil Science Society of America Journal 45:629-632, 1981.

Ref Number:916
644. Froehlich, H.A. and McNabb, D.H. Minimizing Soil Compaction in Pacific Northwest Forests. In: Forest Soils and Treatment Impacts. Proceedings of Sixth North American Forest Soils Conference, edited by Stone, E.L. Knoxville, TN: Univ. of Tenn. Conferences, 1984, p. 159-192.

Ref Number:918
645. Miller, R.E., Reukema, D.L. and Williamson, R.L. Response to fertilization in thinned and unthinned Douglas-fir stands. In: Proceedings from the 1979 Forest Fertilization Conference, Union, Washington, Union, WA: Inst. For. Res., USFS, BC Min. of For., 1979, p. 150-157.

Ref Number:919
646. Turner, J. Long term superphosphate trial in regeneration of Pinus radiata at Belanglo State Forest, N.S.W. Aust.For.Res. 12:1-9, 1982.

Ref Number:920
647. Waring, H.D. Forest fertilization in Australia; early and later. p.201-218. In: Proc. Aust. Forest Nutrition Workshop, Productivity in Perpetuity, Melbourne, Australia: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, 1981, p. 366.

Ref Number:921
648. Evans, J. Maintaining and improving the productivity of tropical and subtropical plantations. In: Proceedings of the 1982 IUFRO Symposium on Forest Site and Continuous Productivity, Seattle, WA; General TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-163, edited by Ballard, R. and Gessel, S.P. Portland, OR: USDA Forest Service Pacific NW Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1983, p. 312-322.

Ref Number:922
649. Comerford, N.B., Fisher, R.F. and Pritchett, W.L. Advances in forest fertilization on the Southeastern Coastal Plain. In: Proceedings from the 1982 IUFRO Symposium on Forest Site and Continuous Productivity, Seattle, WA; General TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-163, edited by Ballard, R. and Gessel, S.P. Portland, OR: USDA Forest Service Pacific NW Forest and Range Experiment Station , 1982,

Ref Number:923
650. Allen, H.L. Forest Fertilizers. J.For. 85(2):37-46, 1987.

Ref Number:924
651. Stewart, R., Froehlich, H. and Olsen, E. Soil compaction: An economic model. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 3(1):20-22, 1988.

Ref Number:925
652. Schonau, A.P.G. Fertilization of fast-growing broadleaved species. In: Proceedings from the Symposium on Site and Productivity of Fast Growing Plantations, Pretoria and Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, April 30- May 11, 1984, edited by Grey, D.C., Schonau, A.P.G., Schutz, C.J. and Van Laar, A. International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, 1984, p. 253-268.

Ref Number:926
653. Herbert, M.A. Variation in the growth of and responses to fertilizing black wattle with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and lime over three rotations. In: Proceedings from the Symposium on Site and Productivity of Fast Growing Plantations, Pretoria and Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, April 30- May 11, 1984, edited by Grey, D.C., Schonau, A.P.G., Schutz, C.J. and Van Laar, A. International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, 1984, p. 907-920.

Ref Number:927
654. Terry, T.A. and Hughes, J.H. The effects of intensive management on planted Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) growth on poorly drained soils of the Atlantic coastal plain. In: Forest Soils and Forest Land Management, Proceedings of the Fourth North American Forest Soils Conference, Laval University, Quebec, August 1973, edited by Bernier, B. and Winget, C.H. Quebec, Canada: Les Presses De L'Universite Laval, 1975, p. 351-377.

Ref Number:928
655. Tarrant, R.F. The role of Alder in improving soil fertility and growth of associated trees. In: Proceedings on Managing Young Forests in the Douglas-Fir Region, June 1970, edited by Berg, A.B. Corvallis, Oregon: Oregon State University, School of Forestry, Paper 734, 1972, p. 17-34.

Ref Number:930
656. Mann, L.K. Changes in soil carbon after cultivation. Soil Science 142:279-288, 1986.

Ref Number:931
657. Schlesinger, W.H. Soil Organic Matter: a Source of Atmospheric CO2. In: The Role of Terrestrial Vegetation in the Global Carbon Cycle: Measurement by Remote Sensing, edited by Woodwell, G.M. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1984, p. 111-127.

Ref Number:932
658. Brown, S. and Lugo, A.E. The storage and production of organic matter in tropical forests and their role in the global carbon cycle. Biotropica 14(3):161-187, 1982.

Ref Number:933
659. Rasmussen, P.E. and Rohde, C.R. Long-term tillage and nitrogen fertilization effects on organic nitrogen and carbon in a semiarid soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 52:1114-1117, 1988.

Ref Number:934
660. Jenkinson, D.S. and Rayner, J.H. The turnover of soil organic matter in some of the Rothamsted classical experiments. Soil Science 123(5):298-305, 1977.

Ref Number:935
661. Jenkinson, D.S. The Accumulation of Organic Matter in Soil Left Uncultivated. In: Rothamsted Experimental Station: Report for 1970, part 2, Harpenden-Herts, UK: Rothamsted Experimental Station, 1971, p. 113-137.

Ref Number:936
662. Jones, L.S., Anderson, O.E. and Stacy, S.V. Some effects of sod-based rotations upon soil properties. In: Bulletin 166, Athens, GA: Georgia Ag. Experiment Station, 1966, p. 5-22.

Ref Number:937
663. Shinde, D.A. and Ghosh, A.B. Proc. Int. Symp. Soil Fert. Eval. (New Dehli) 1, 905-916. In: (as adapted by Sanchez,P.A., Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics), New York: Wiley, 1976, p. 176.

Ref Number:938
664. Rasmussen, P.E. and Smiley, R.W. Long-Term Management Effects on Soil Productivity and Crop Yield in Semi-Arid Regions of Eastern Oregon, Pendleton, OR:Columbia Basin Agricultural Research Center Bulletin 675, 1989.

Ref Number:939
665. Tarrant, R.F. and Miller, R.E. Accumulation of Organic Matter and Soil Nitrogen Beneath a Plantation of Red Alder and Douglas-Fir. Soil Sci. Soc.J. 27:231-234, 1963.

Ref Number:940
666. Binkley, D., Cromack, K. and Fredriksen, R.L. Nitrogen accretion and availability in some snowbrush ecosystems. Forest Science 28(4):720-724, 1982.

Ref Number:941
667. Boring, L.R. and Swank, W.T. The role of black locust (Robinia pseudo-acacia) in forest succession. Journal of Ecology 72:749-766, 1984.

Ref Number:942
668. Johnson, M.G. and Kern, J.S. Sequestering carbon in soils: A workshop to explore the potential for mitigating global climate change. EPA/600/3-91/031, Corvallis, OR:USEPA, Environmental Research Laboratory, 1991. pp. 85.

Technical Reports

DATA INTEGRATION REPORT

Overview

The tabular attribute information was originally in a text file composed of 1840 lines with 36 fields with each field separated by a tilde ('~') character. Additionally, each field was padded with one leading and trailing space character, except the last field, which was padded only with one leading space character.

Each of the 36 fields is described in DSWVAR.TXT (ASCII text), DSWVAR.WP5 (WordPerfect 5.0 format), and in the series of PCX files DSWVAR_1.PCX through DSWVAR_4.PCX, however, the maximum field lengths given are not always accurate.

The entries in the database for field 8 (4-character tree species code) are explained in DSWSPEC.TXT (ASCII text), DSWPEC.WP5 (WordPerfect 5.0 format) and in the series of PCX files DSWSPEC1.PCX through DSWSPEC5.PCX. Furthermore, a number of fields in the database (i.e., fields 12, 14, 17, 19 ,21, 24, 26, 29, and 32) are bibliographic reference numbers which are given in DSWREF.TXT (ASCII text), DSWREF.WP5 (WordPerfect 5.0 format) and in the series of PCX files DSWREF01.PCX through DSWREF44.PCX.

The database file was imported into Microsoft Excel version 4.0 and then exported as a dBase III database file (DSWFOR.DBF). The database was quality checked and fields were converted from text to numeric format whenever possible.

Note that there is not a one-to-one relationship between geographic areas and attribute values. For example, there are three records in the database for humid temperate lowlands in Argentina with a reforestation practice on tree species AAAN (Araucaria angustifolia) with 6500, 2500, and 600 trees per hectare, respectively, and an observed growth rate minimum and maximum of 24.5, 14.5 and 8 m^3/hectare/year, respectively. All other fields for these three records are identical. For this reason the database has been left as is so that each end-user must impose his or her own criteria on the database before any sort of chlorepleth maps can be produced.

Importing the Database into Excel

The file was imported into Excel using the File Open command, specifying a text file with a custom column delimiter '~' (tilde). Leading and trailing spaces were trimmed for all spreadsheet cells. The normal style was changed to a courier font with 10 point spacing. Every column width was adjusted to its best fit so that no column would truncate any entry nor would any column be padded with extraneous spaces.

The type of each field (text or numeric) was determined, as well as the maximum number of digits in the mantissa for each numeric field (zero indicating an integer field). Each numeric field in the Excel spreadsheet was then reformatted so that all entries had the same number of digits in the mantissa, padding to the right with zeros as necessary.

The next step was to discover if the representation of the database as a spreadsheet in Excel or any of the above manipulations had caused any corruption of the data.

Exporting as a fixed-field text

The Excel macro "FLATFILE.XLM" was used to export the spreadsheet to a text file with fixed fields (padded with spaces so that each field retains their respective line positions for all records, as opposed to the tilde-delimited fields of the source text file).

Character histograms were computed for both the source and exported text file and compared. As expected, there was the loss of tilde characters, and a gain in space, decimal point, and zero characters (many entries in floating point fields were originally expressed as integers). However, there was a loss of four percentage characters and a loss of seven plus sign characters.

After inspecting the source file it was discovered that four numbers were originally expressed as percentages but when imported into Excel were converted to decimals (e.g., 13% became 0.13), and these entries were flagged -- see text entries in numeric fields, below. The seven plus signs were lost because seven entries in a numeric field were originally preceded with a plus sign. By default, unsigned numbers are taken as positive, so the seven plus signs were left off.

While this test is not strictly conclusive, it was decided that the Excel spreadsheet was a faithful representation of the original database.

Text entries in numeric fields

After each field was determined to be either numeric or text, it remained to flag any text entries that might exist in a numeric field. The following is a list of numeric fields that contained text entries that were subsequently replaced with a flag value.

Field 9 -- Wood density of tree species based on dry weight per unit of fresh volume of wood. One record contained the entry "0.25 to 0.." This entry was flagged -2 (minus two).

Fields 12, 14, 17, 24, and 29 -- Bibliographic reference numbers for rotation length, trees per hectare, optimistic and/or pessimistic land availability, observed growth rate, and cost in US dollars, respectively. Multiple records contained the entries "est" "est jl," and "est rd" with varying capitalization's. These entries were flagged -2, -3, and -4, respectively (minus two, three, and four).

Field 13 -- Trees per hectare. Several records contained the entry "varies." These entries were flagged -2.

Field 15 -- Optimistic land available in kilo-hectares for practice. Several records contained the entries "20-30% of country" and ">10000" (greater than ten thousand). These entries were flagged -2 and -3, respectively.

Field 21 -- Period of growth response reference number. One record contained a semi-colon preceding the reference number. This was assumed to be a typographic error and the semicolon was removed.

Fields 22 and 23 -- Observed growth rate minimum and maximum, respectively, in cubic meters per hectare per year. Both fields contained the entries "23/1," "13%," and "23%." These entries were flagged -2, -3, and -4, respectively.

Field 25 -- Observed tree biomass growth increment in tons per hectare. This field contained 26 spreadsheet formulas that were not evaluated but were instead exported verbatim (e.g., "+F22*R22*1.6"). After export these formulas became meaningless since the original row and column ordering was lost, e.g., line 514 in the export file contains the formula "+F22*R22*1.6" (referring to the 22nd record), and calculating "+F22*R22*1.6" would mean multiplying full name of forest practice ("F" column) by one-character site quality classification ("R" column) by 1.6. These entries were flagged -2.

Last, it was generally found that numeric fields would contain both zero values and blank or empty entries. Assuming that zero values should be distinguished from no entry, blank entries were flagged -1 (minus one).

Export as a Database file

The last step was assigning field names to each of the columns in the spreadsheet and saving the file in a dBase III format. For the final publication this database was convered to Microsoft Access and also as an ascii text file.

Code	Species	Wood Density (g/cm^3)	Ref num
`AAAN`	Araucaria angustifolia	`.45`	`410`
`AACU`	Araucaria cunninghamia (use AASP)	`.42`
`AAHU`	Araucaria huntseinii (use AASP)	`.42`
`AASP`	Araucaria spp.	`.42`	`410`
`ABAL`	Abies alba (use Abies concolor)	`.37`	`568`
`ABSP`	Abies spp (use Abies concolor)	`.37`	`568`
`ACAU`	Acacia auriculiformis	`.68( .6- .75)`	`562`
`ACMA`	Acacia mangium (use ACSP)	`.65`
`ACME`	Acacia mearnsii(syn. mollissima)	`.60`	`410`
`ACNI`	Acacia nilotica	`.68`	`562`
`ACSE`	Acacia senegal (use ACSP)	`.65`
`ACSP`	Acacia spp.
	(avg. of all referenced A. species)	`.65`
`ACTO`	Acacia tortilis (use ACSP)	`.65`
`ALFA`	Albizia falcataria(syn. falcata)	`.32`	`410`
`ALLE`	Albizia lebbek	`.51`	`410`
`ALPR`	Albizia procera(use ALSP)	`.52`
`ALRU`	Alnus lugosa	`.48`
`ALSP`	Albizia spp.	`.52( .45- .59)`	`410`
`ANCH`	Anthocephalus chinensis(syn. cadamba)	`.36( .31- .4)`	`410`
`ARAN`	Araucaria angustifolia	`.45`
`ARSA`	Acer saccharinum	`.44`	`568`
`ARSP`	Acer spp.	`.50( .44- .56)`	`561`
`ASGL`	Alnus glutinosa (use ASRU)	`.37`
`ASRU`	Alnus rubra	`.37`	`561`
`ASSP`	Alnus spp. (use ASRU)	`.37`
`AUKL`	Aucoumea klaineana	`.37`	`410`
`AZIN`	Azadirachta indica	`.68`	`562`
`AZSP`	Asadirachta spp.	`.52`	`410`
`BASP`	Bambusa spp. (bamboo) (estimate)	`.30`
`BEAL`	Betula alleghaniensis	`.55`	`561`
`BELE`	Betula lenta	`.60`	`561`
`BEPA`	Betula papyrifera	`.48`	`561`
`BESP`	Betula spp.:
	(avg. of all referenced B. species)	`.54`
`BOQU`	Bombacopsis quinata	`.45`	`410`
`CAEQ`	Casuarina equisetfolia	`1.0 ( .8-1.2)`	`562`
`CASP`	Casuarina spp.	`.83`	`410`
`CESP`	Cedrela spp.	`.40( .3- .6)`	`410`
`CLCA`	Calliandra calothyrsus (syn. confusa)	`.64( .51- .78)`	`562`
`CLSP`	Calliandra spp. (use CLCA)	`.64`
`CMSP`	Cephalostachyum spp (bamboo)(est.)	`.30`
`CDAL`	Cordia alliodora	`.48( .44- .52)`	`410`
`CDSP`	Cordia spp.:
	Alliodora group	`.48( .44- .52)`	`410`
	Gerascanthus group	`.74( .63- .84)`	`410`
`COGE`	Coniferous genera	`.40`	`568`
`COHA`	Conifer-Hardwood mix:
	(average of COGE & HAGE)	`.44`
`CPLU`	Cupressus lusitanica	`.43`	`410`
`CPSP`	Cupressus spp. (use CPLU)	`.43`
`CRJA`	Cryptomeria japonica (use COGE)	`.40`
`CSSA`	Cassia siamea	`.70( .6- .8)`	`562`
`CSSI`	Cassia sianda (use CSSA)	`.70`
`CSSP`	Cassia spp. (use CSSA)	`.70`
`CTDE`	Castanea dentata	`.40`	`561`
`CTSA`	Castanea sativa (use CTDE)	`.40`
`CULA`	Cunninghamia lanceolata (use COGE)	`.40`
`CUSP`	Cunninghamia spp.(use COGE)	`.40`
`DASI`	Dalbergia sissoo(avg. of DANI & DALA)	`.78`
`DANI`	Dalbergia nigra	`.80`	`561`
`DALA`	Dalbergia latifolia	`.75`	`561`
`DIAL`	Dipterocarp alatus (use DISP)	`.61`
`DIGN`	Dipterocarp genera (use DISP)	`.61`
`DIPT`	Dipterocarp spp. (same as below)	`.61`
`DISP`	Dipterocarp spp.	`.61( .57- .65)`	`410`
`DRAR`	Dryobalanops aromatica (use DRSP)	`.61`
`DRSP`	Dryobalanops spp.	`.61( .57- .65)`	`410`
`DUSP`	Durio spp.	`.53( .40- .66)`	`410`
`EUCA`	Eucalyptus camaldulensis	`.60`	`562`
`EUCE`	?	`.45`
`EUCI`	Eucalyptus citriodora	`.93( .75-1 .1)`	`562`
`EUDE`	Eucalyptus deglupta	`.55( .45- .65)`	`410`
`EUDI`	Eucalyptus diversicolor	`.82`	`561`
`EUEX`	Eucalyptus exerta (use EUSP)	`.58`
`EUGL`	Eucalyptus globulus:
	(Forest-grown)	`.80`	`410`
	(Plantation-grown)	`.67`	`410`
`EUGR`	Eucalyptus grandis	`.48( .4- .55)`	`562`
`EULE`	Eucalyptus leizhou (use EUSP)	`.58`
`EUMA`	Eucalyptus marginata	`.67`	`561`
`EUNI`	Eucalyptus nitens (use EUSP)	`.58`
`EURO`	Eucalyptus robusta	`.51`	`831`
`EUSA`	Eucalyptus saligna (use EUSP)	`.58`
`EUSP`	Eucalyptus spp.
	(avg of all referenced E. species)	`.58`
`EUTE`	Eucalyptus tereticornis (use EUSP)	`.58`
`EUUR`	Eucalyptus urophylla (syn. alba)	`.48`	`818`
`EUVI`	Eucalyptus viminalis (use EUSP)	`.58`
`FASI`	Fagus silvatica (Amer. beech)	`.56`	`561`
`FRSP`	Fraxinus spp.	`.50( .45- .55)`	`561`
`GLSE`	Gliricidia sepium (use HAGE)	`.48`
`GLSP`	Gliricidia spp. (use HAGE)	`.48`
`GMAR`	Gmelina arborea	`.41`	`410`
`GMSP`	Gmelina spp. (use GMAR)	`.41`
`GOSP`	Gonystylus spp.	`.52`	`410`
`GUUL`	Guazuma ulmifolia	`.56`	`562`
`HAGE`	Hardwood genera	`.48`	`568`
`HODU`	Hovenia dulcis	`.62`	`836`
`HUCR`	Hura crepitans	`.36( .33- .38)`	`410`
`JSNI`	Juglans nigra	`.51`	`561`
`JUSP`	Juniperus spp.	`.37( .29- .44)`	`561`
`LADE`	Larix decidua (use LALA)	`.49`
`LAGM`	Larix gmelini (use LALA)	`.49`
`LALA`	Larix laricina	`.49`	`561`
`LALE`	Larix leptolepis (use LALA)	`.49`
`LAOC`	Larix occidentalis	`.48`	`561`
`LAPO`	Larix polonica (use LALA)	`.49`
`LASP`	Larix spp. (use LALA)	`.49`
`LEGL`	Leucaena glauca (use LELE)	`.51`
`LELE`	Leucaena leucocephala	`.51`	`600`
`LESP`	Leucaena spp. (use LELE)	`.51`
`LIST`	Liquidambar styraciflua	`.46`	`561`
`MASP`	Mangifera spp.	`.52( .45- .58)`	`410`
`MESP`	Melia spp. (Syn. of Azadirachta)	`.68`	`562`
`MGSP`	Mangrova spp.:
	Rhizophora spp.	`.90`	`562`
`Mix`	Average for hardwood & conifer mix	`.45`
`NADI`	Nauclea diderichii	`.63`	`561`
`NOSP`	Nothofagus spp.	`.51`	`410`
`OCPY`	Ochroma pyramidale (balsa)	`.16`	`561`
`PASP`	Paulownis spp. (use HAGE)	`.48`
`PCEX`	Picea excelso (use PCSP)	`.41`
`PCMA`	Picea mariana	`.38`	`561`
`PCPU`	Picea pungens (use PCSP)	`.41`
`PCSI`	Picea sitchensis	`.37`	`561`
`PCSP`	Picea spp.	`.41( .33-49)`	`561`
`PIAR`	Pinus armandi (use PISP)	`.48`
`PIBA`	Pinus banksiana	`.47`	`561`
`PICA`	Pinus caribaea	`.51( .34- .68)`	`410`
`PICO`	Pinus contorta	`.38`	`561`
`PICS`	Pinus canariensis	`.60`	`835`
`PIEC`	Pinus echinata	`.47`	`561`
`PIEL`	Pinus elliotti	`.54`	`561`
`PIHA`	Pinus halapensis	`.71`	`833`
`PIJE`	Pinus jeffreyi	`.42`	`823`
`PIKE`	Pinus kesiya (syn. insularis)	`.46( .43- .5)`	`410`
`PIKO`	Pinus koraiensis (use PISP)	`.48`
`PIMA`	Pinus massoniana (use PISP)	`.48`
`PIME`	Pinus merkusii	`.57`	`410`
`PIMX`	Pinus maximinoi (native)	`.46`	`834`
`PIOO`	Pinus oocarpa	`.55`	`410`
`PIPA`	Pinus patula	`.45( .4- .5)`	`410`
`PIPI`	Pinus pinaster (use PISP)	`.48`
`PIPN`	Pinus pinea (use PISP)	`.48`
`PIPO`	Pinus ponderosa	`.38`	`561`
`PIPS`	Pinus palustris	`.54`	`561`
`PIRA`	Pinus radiata	`.42`	`561`
`PIRE`	Pinus resinosa	`.41`	`561`
`PIRO`	Pinus roxburght (use PISP)	`.48`
`PISP`	Pinus spp.:
	(avg. of all referenced P. species)	`.48`
`PIST`	Pinus strobus	`.34`	`561`
`PISY`	Pinus sylvestris (use PISP)	`.48`
`PITA`	Pinus taeda	`.47`	`561`
`PITE`	Pinus tecunumanii (native)	`.50`	`834`
`PLAC`	Platanus acerifolia (use PLOC)	`.46`
`PLOC`	Platanus occidentalis	`.46`	`561`
`PMDU`	Pithecelobium dulce (use HAGE)	`.48`
`POBA`	Populus balsamifera	`.31`	`561`
`POCA`	Populus canadensis (use POSP)	`.34`
`PODE`	Populus deltoides	`.37`	`561`
`POEU`	Populus euramericana (use POSP)	`.34`
`POGR`	Populus grandidentata	`.36`	`561`
`POSP`	Populus spp.	`.34( .31- .37)`	`561`
`POTE`	Populus tremuloides	`.35`	`561`
`POTI`	Populus trichocarpa	`.31`	`561`
`POTO`	Populus tomentosa (use POSP)	`.34`
`PRCH`	Prosopis chilensis	`.86( .80- .92)`	`562`
`PRJU`	Prosopis julifora	`.70`	`562`
`PRSP`	Prosopis spp.
	(avg. of all referenced P. species)	`.78`
`PSMA`	Pseudotsuga macrocarpa	`.45`
`PSME`	Pseudotsuga menziesii	`.45`	`561`
`QUPA`	Quercus palustris	`.69`	`823`
`QUSP`	Quercus spp.	`.66( .52- .80)`	`561`
`ROPS`	Robinia pseudoacacia	`.66`	`561`
`ROSP`	Robinia spp. (use ROPS)	`.66`
`SASP`	Sassafras spp.	`.42`	`561`
`SCAM`	Schizolobium amazonicum (use HAGE)	`.48`
`SCSP`	Schizolobium spp. (use HAGE)	`.48`
`SESP`	Seskania spp. (use HAGE)	`.48`
`SHSP`	Shorea spp.:
	(avg. of all referenced A. species)	`.45`
	Balau Group	`.70`	`410`
	Dk. Red Meranti-Red Luaun Grp.	`.55`	`410`
	Lt. Red Meranti-Lt. Red Lauan Grp.	`.40`	`410`
	White Meranti Group	`.48( .4- .55)`	`410`
	Yellow Meranti Group	`.46( .4- .52)`	`410`
`SOIN`	Solanum inopium	`.30`	`818`
`SWMA`	Swietenia macrophylla	`.54( .40- .68)`	`410`
`SQSE`	Sequoia sempervirens	`.41`	`823`
`SXNI`	Salix nigra	`.36`	`561`
`SXSP`	Salix spp. (use SXNI)	`.36`
`TAAR`	Terminalia arjuna (use TASP)	`.44`
`TAIV`	Terminalia ivorensis	`.43`	`410`
`TASP`	Terminalia spp.:
	(avg. of all referenced T. species)	`.44`
`TASU`	Terminalia superba	`.45`	`410`
`TBRO`	Tabebuia rosea	`.58`	`822`
`TEGR`	Tectona grandis	`.55`	`410`
`TESP`	Tectona spp (use TEGR)	`.55`
`TMDI`	Taxodium distichum	`.42`	`823`
`VISU`	Virola surinamensis	`.42`	`822`

Dataset Selection: B06

Principal Investigators:

Summary:

Primary Reference:

DATASET DESCRIPTION

INTEGRATED DATA­SET

Data­Set Citation:

Projection:

Spatial Representation:

Temporal Representation:

Data Representation:

Layers and Attributes:

DESIGN

Variables:

Origin:

Geographic Reference:

Geographic Coverage:

Geographic Sampling:

Time Period:

Temporal Sampling:

SOURCE

Source Data Citation:

Contributor:

Distributor:

Date of Production:

Lineage & Contacts:

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES

FILE LISTS

DATASET ELEMENT DESCRIPTIONS

Global Forest Practices Data

Description:

Structure:

Series:

System Files:

Notes:

TECHNICAL REPORTS

EXPLANATION OF THE GLOBAL FOREST PRACTICES DATABASE VARIABLES

DATA INTEGRATION REPORT

Overview

Importing the Database into Excel

Exporting as a fixed-field text

Text entries in numeric fields

Export as a Database file

INTEGRATED DATASET

DataSet Citation: