Sample PubMed Central Citations

Journals on the Internet

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Examples of Citations to Journal Articles on the Internet

Standard journal article on the Internet
Journal article on the Internet with optional article type
Journal article on the Internet with optional content type
Journal article on the Internet with month(s)/day(s) included in date of publication
Journal article on the Internet with season(s) included in date of publication
Journal article on the Internet updated/revised after publication

Examples of Citations to Journal Articles on the Internet

Standard journal article on the Internet

Polgreen PM, Diekema DJ, Vandeberg J, Wiblin RT, Chen YY, David S, Rasmus D, Gerdts N, Ross A, Katz L, Herwaldt LA. Risk factors for groin wound infection after femoral artery catheterization: a case-control study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]. 2006 Jan [cited 2007 Jan 5];27(1):34-37. Available from: http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/ICHE/journal/issues/v27n1/2004069/2004069.web.pdf

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Polgreen</surname>
    <given-names>PM</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Diekema</surname>
    <given-names>DJ</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Vandeberg</surname>
    <given-names>J</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Wiblin</surname>
    <given-names>RT</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Chen</surname>
    <given-names>YY</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>David</surname>
    <given-names>S</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Rasmus</surname>
    <given-names>D</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Gerdts</surname>
    <given-names>N</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Ross</surname>
    <given-names>A</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Katz</surname>
    <given-names>L</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Herwaldt</surname>
    <given-names>LA</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>Risk factors for groin wound infection after femoral artery catheterization: a case-control study</article-title>
  <source>Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]</source>
  <year>2006</year>
  <month>Jan</month>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 5</date-in-citation>
  <volume>27</volume>
  <issue>1</issue>
  <fpage>34</fpage>
  <lpage>37</lpage>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/ICHE/journal/issues/v27n1/2004069/2004069.web.pdf</uri>
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Polgreen</surname><given-names>PM</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Diekema</surname><given-names>DJ</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Vandeberg</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Wiblin</surname><given-names>RT</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>YY</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>David</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Rasmus</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Gerdts</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Ross</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Katz</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Herwaldt</surname><given-names>LA</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>Risk factors for groin wound infection after femoral artery catheterization: a case-control study</article-title>.
   <source>Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]</source>.
   <year>2006</year> <month>Jan</month> [<date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 5</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>27</volume>(<issue>1</issue>):
   <fpage>34</fpage>-<lpage>37</lpage>. Available from: <uri>http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/ICHE/journal/issues/v27n1/2004069/2004069.web.pdf</uri>
</mixed-citation>

Poole KE, Compston JE. Osteoporosis and its management. BMJ [Internet]. 2006 Dec 16 [cited 2007 Jan 4];333(7581):1251-1256. Available from: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/reprint/333/7581/1251?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&volume=333&firstpage=1251&resourcetype=HWCIT

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Poole</surname>
    <given-names>KE</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Compston</surname>
    <given-names>JE</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>Osteoporosis and its management</article-title>
  <source>BMJ [Internet]</source>
  <year>2006</year>
  <month>Dec</month>
  <day>16</day>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 4</date-in-citation>
  <volume>333</volume>
  <issue>7581</issue>
  <fpage>1251</fpage>
  <lpage>1256</lpage>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://www.bmj.com/cgi/reprint/333/7581/1251?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&volume=333&firstpage=1251&resourcetype=HWCIT</uri>
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Poole</surname><given-names>KE</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Compston</surname><given-names>JE</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>Osteoporosis and its management</article-title>.
   <source>BMJ [Internet]</source>.
   <year>2006</year> <month>Dec</month> <day>16</day> [<date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 4</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>333</volume>(<issue>7581</issue>):
   <fpage>1251</fpage>-<lpage>1256</lpage>. Available from: <uri>http://www.bmj.com/cgi/reprint/333/7581/1251?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&volume=333&firstpage=1251&resourcetype=HWCIT</uri>
</mixed-citation>

Happell B. The influence of education on the career preferences of undergraduate nursing students. Aust Electron J Nurs Educ [Internet]. 2002 Apr [cited 2007 Jan 8];8(1):[about 12 p.]. Available from: http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/nhcp/aejne/vol8-1/refereed/happell_max.html

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Happell</surname>
    <given-names>B</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>The influence of education on the career preferences of undergraduate nursing students</article-title>
  <source>Aust Electron J Nurs Educ [Internet]</source>
  <year>2002</year>
  <month>Apr</month>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 8</date-in-citation>
  <volume>8</volume>
  <issue>1</issue>
  <size units="page">[about 12 p.]</size>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/nhcp/aejne/vol8-1/refereed/happell_max.html</uri>
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Happell</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>The influence of education on the career preferences of undergraduate nursing students</article-title>.
   <source>Aust Electron J Nurs Educ [Internet]</source>.
   <year>2002</year> <month>Apr</month> [<date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 8</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>8</volume>(<issue>1</issue>):<size units="page">[about 12 p.]</size>. Available from: <uri>http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/nhcp/aejne/vol8-1/refereed/happell_max.html</uri>
</mixed-citation>

Journal article on the Internet with optional article type

Davidson A. Preventing adverse drug events [letter]. CMAJ [Internet]. 2007 Jan 2 [cited 2007 Jan 9];176(1):67-v. Available from: http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/reprint/176/1/67-a

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Davidson</surname>
    <given-names>A</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>Preventing adverse drug events [letter]</article-title>
  <source>CMAJ [Internet]</source>
  <year>2007</year>
  <month>Jan</month>
  <day>2</day>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 9</date-in-citation>
  <volume>176</volume>
  <issue>1</issue>
  <fpage>67</fpage>
  <lpage>68</lpage>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/reprint/176/1/67-a</uri>
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Davidson</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>Preventing adverse drug events [letter]</article-title>.
   <source>CMAJ [Internet]</source>.
   <year>2007</year> <month>Jan</month> <day>2</day> [<date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 9</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>176</volume>(<issue>1</issue>):
   <fpage>67</fpage>-v. Available from: <uri>http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/reprint/176/1/67-a</uri>
</mixed-citation>

Journal article on the Internet with optional content type

Nomura K, Nakao M, Sato M, Yano E. Regular prescriptions for benzodiazepines: a cross-sectional study of outpatients at a university hospital. Intern Med [serial on the Internet]. 2006 [cited 2007 Jan 10];45(22):1279-1283. Available from: http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/45/22/1279/_pdf

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Nomura</surname>
    <given-names>K</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Nakao</surname>
    <given-names>M</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Sato</surname>
    <given-names>M</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Yano</surname>
    <given-names>E</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>Regular prescriptions for benzodiazepines: a cross-sectional study of outpatients at a university hospital</article-title>
  <source>Intern Med [serial on the Internet]</source>
  <year>2006</year>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 10</date-in-citation>
  <volume>45</volume>
  <issue>22</issue>
  <fpage>1279</fpage>
  <lpage>1283</lpage>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/45/22/1279/_pdf</uri>
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Nomura</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Nakao</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Sato</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Yano</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>Regular prescriptions for benzodiazepines: a cross-sectional study of outpatients at a university hospital</article-title>.
   <source>Intern Med [serial on the Internet]</source>.
   <year>2006</year> [<date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 10</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>45</volume>(<issue>22</issue>):
   <fpage>1279</fpage>-<lpage>1283</lpage>. Available from: <uri>http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/45/22/1279/_pdf</uri>
</mixed-citation>

Journal article on the Internet with month(s)/day(s) included in date of publication

Oseni S, Misztal I, Tsuruta S, Rekaya R. Genetic components of days open under heat stress. J Dairy Sci [Internet]. 2004 Sep [cited 2007 Jan 9];87(9):3022-3028. Available from: http://jds.fass.org/cgi/content/full/87/9/3022

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Oseni</surname>
    <given-names>S</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Misztal</surname>
    <given-names>I</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Tsuruta</surname>
    <given-names>S</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Rekaya</surname>
    <given-names>R</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>Genetic components of days open under heat stress</article-title>
  <source>J Dairy Sci [Internet]</source>
  <year>2004</year>
  <month>Sep</month>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 9</date-in-citation>
  <volume>87</volume>
  <issue>9</issue>
  <fpage>3022</fpage>
  <lpage>3028</lpage>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://jds.fass.org/cgi/content/full/87/9/3022</uri>
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Oseni</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Misztal</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Tsuruta</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Rekaya</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>Genetic components of days open under heat stress</article-title>.
   <source>J Dairy Sci [Internet]</source>.
   <year>2004</year> <month>Sep</month> [<date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 9</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>87</volume>(<issue>9</issue>):
   <fpage>3022</fpage>-<lpage>3028</lpage>. Available from: <uri>http://jds.fass.org/cgi/content/full/87/9/3022</uri>
</mixed-citation>

Journal article on the Internet with season(s) included in date of publication

Withers R, Casson R, Shrimplin A. Narrowcasting to faculty and students: creating an efficient "research by subject" page. Electron J Acad Spec Librariansh [Internet]. 2005 Winter [cited 2005 Dec 28];6(3):[about 11 p.]. Available from: http://southernlibrarianship.icaap.org/content/v06n03/withers_r01.htm

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Withers</surname>
    <given-names>R</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Casson</surname>
    <given-names>R</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Shrimplin</surname>
    <given-names>A</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>Narrowcasting to faculty and students: creating an efficient "research by subject" page</article-title>
  <source>Electron J Acad Spec Librariansh [Internet]</source>
  <year>2005</year>
  <season>Winter</season>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2005 Dec 28</date-in-citation>
  <volume>6</volume>
  <issue>3</issue>
  <size units="page">[about 11 p.]</size>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://southernlibrarianship.icaap.org/content/v06n03/withers_r01.htm</uri>
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Withers</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Casson</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Shrimplin</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>Narrowcasting to faculty and students: creating an efficient "research by subject" page</article-title>.
   <source>Electron J Acad Spec Librariansh [Internet]</source>.
   <year>2005</year> <season>Winter</season> [<date-in-citation>cited 2005 Dec 28</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>6</volume>(<issue>3</issue>):<size units="page">[about 11 p.]</size>. Available from: <uri>http://southernlibrarianship.icaap.org/content/v06n03/withers_r01.htm</uri>
</mixed-citation>

Journal article on the Internet updated/revised after publication

Bernhardt JM, Felter EM. Online pediatric information seeking among mothers of young children: results from a qualitative study using focus groups. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2004 Mar 1 [updated 2006 Dec 10; cited 2007 Jan 5];6(1):e7 [about 13 p.]. Available from: http://www.jmir.org/2004/1/e7/.

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Bernhardt</surname>
    <given-names>JM</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Felter</surname>
    <given-names>EM</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>Online pediatric information seeking among mothers of young children: results from a qualitative study using focus groups</article-title>
  <source>J Med Internet Res [Internet]</source>
  <year>2004</year>
  <month>Mar</month>
  <day>1</day>
  <date-in-citation>updated 2006 Dec 10</date-in-citation>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 5</date-in-citation>
  <volume>6</volume>
  <issue>1</issue>
  <elocation-id>e7</elocation-id>
  <size units="page">[about 13 p.]</size>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://www.jmir.org/2004/1/e7/</uri>.
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Bernhardt</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Felter</surname><given-names>EM</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>Online pediatric information seeking among mothers of young children: results from a qualitative study using focus groups</article-title>.
   <source>J Med Internet Res [Internet]</source>.
   <year>2004</year> <month>Mar</month> <day>1</day> [<date-in-citation>updated 2006 Dec 10</date-in-citation>; <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 5</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>6</volume>(<issue>1</issue>):
   <elocation-id>e7</elocation-id> <size units="page">[about 13 p.]</size>. Available from: <uri>http://www.jmir.org/2004/1/e7/</uri>.
</mixed-citation>

Burke KJ, Paton D. Well-being in protective services personnel: organisational influences. Australas J Disaster Trauma Stud [Internet]. 2006 [changed 2006 Sep 26; cited 2007 Jan 8];2006(2):[about 17 p.]. Available from: http://www.massey.ac.nz/%7Etrauma/issues/2006-2/burke.htm

<element-citation> | <mixed-citation>

<element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
  <name>
    <surname>Burke</surname>
    <given-names>KJ</given-names>
  </name>
  <name>
    <surname>Paton</surname>
    <given-names>D</given-names>
  </name>
  <article-title>Well-being in protective services personnel: organisational influences</article-title>
  <source>Australas J Disaster Trauma Stud [Internet]</source>
  <year>2006</year>
  <date-in-citation>changed 2006 Sep 26</date-in-citation>
  <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 8</date-in-citation>
  <volume>2006</volume>
  <issue>2</issue>
  <size units="page">[about 17 p.]</size>
  <comment>Available from:
    <uri>http://www.massey.ac.nz/%7Etrauma/issues/2006-2/burke.htm</uri>
  </comment>
</element-citation>

<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="web">
   <name><surname>Burke</surname><given-names>KJ</given-names></name>,
   <name><surname>Paton</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>.
   <article-title>Well-being in protective services personnel: organisational influences</article-title>.
   <source>Australas J Disaster Trauma Stud [Internet]</source>.
   <year>2006</year> [<date-in-citation>changed 2006 Sep 26</date-in-citation>; <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Jan 8</date-in-citation>];
   <volume>2006</volume>(<issue>2</issue>):<size units="page">[about 17 p.]</size>. Available from: <uri>http://www.massey.ac.nz/%7Etrauma/issues/2006-2/burke.htm</uri>
</mixed-citation>