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Note: * indicates required field. Updated:08/12/1998
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Permitting Authority: HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

County: MAUI AFS Plant ID: 15-009-00500

Facility: MAUI ELEC-MAALAEA

*Document Type: Engineering Report
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2

Facility Title: Maalaea Generating Station
Located at: Maalaea, Island of Maui, Hawaii
UTM: 760700 meters East, 2302200 meters North

Applicant: Maui Electric Company (MECO)

Responsible Official: William Bonnet Point of Contact: Jerry Kane
President Environmental Scientist
(808) 871-2300 (808) 543-5688

Company's Mailing Address: Maui Electric Company, Ltd.
Maalaea Generating Station
P.O. Box 398
Kahului, Hawaii, 96732

Proposed Project:

MECO is subject to the requirements of the following permits:

PTO No. P-24-1533, PTO No. P-712-1538, PTO No. P-819-1146, PTO No. P-662-1437, PTO No. P-839-1105, PTO No. P-944-1410, PSD HI 78-03, PSD HI 86-02, PSD HI 87-01, PSD HI 90-02, PSD HI 90-05, ATC A-894-899 and ATC A-909-937.
Equipment:

Unit Description
No.

M1 2.5 MW GENERAL MOTORS DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 20-645E4, 29.2 MMBtu/hr

M2 2.5 MW GENERAL MOTORS DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 20-645E4, 29.2 MMBtu/hr

M3 2.5 MW GENERAL MOTORS DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 20-645E4, 29.2 MMBtu/hr
1 M4 5.6 MW COOPER-BESSEMER DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. LSV-20-T, 58.8 MMBtu/hr

M5 5.6 MW COOPER-BESSEMER DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. LSV-20-T, 58.8 MMBtu/hr

M6 5.6 MW COOPER-BESSEMER DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. LSV-20-T, 58.8 MMBtu/hr

M7 5.6 MW COOPER-BESSEMER DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. LSV-20-T, 58.8 MMBtu/hr

M8 5.6 MW COLT INDUSTRIES DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. C-PPC2V, 60.2 MMBtu/hr

M9 5.6 MW COLT INDUSTRIES DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. C-PPC2V, 60.2 MMBtu/hr

M10 12.5 MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRY MW DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 18V52/55A, 122.7 MMBtu/hr

M11 12.5 MW MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRY DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 18V52/55A, 122.7 MMBtu/hr

M12 12.5 MW MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRY DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 18V52/55A, 122.7 MMBtu/hr

M13 12.5 MW MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRY DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 18V52/55A, 122.7 MMBtu/hr

X1 2.5 MW GENERAL MOTORS DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 20645E4, 28.5 MMBtu/hr

X2 2.5 MW GENERAL MOTORS DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, MODEL NO. 20645E4, 28.5 MMBtu/hr

M14 20 MW GENERAL ELECTRIC COMBUSTION TURBINE, MODEL NO. LM 2500, 275 MMBtu/hr

M16 20 MW GENERAL ELECTRIC COMBUSTION TURBINE, MODEL NO. LM 2500, 275 MMBtu/hr

BSG1 600 kW BLACK START DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR

Air Pollution Controls:

Applicable Requirements:

Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR)

Chapter 11-59, Ambient Air Quality Standards
Chapter 11-60.1 Air Pollution Control
Subchapter 1, General Requirements
Subchapter 2, General Prohibitions
11-60.1-31 Applicability
Subchapter 5, Covered Sources
Subchapter 6, Fees for Covered Sources, Noncovered Sources, and Agricultural Burning
11-60.1-111 Definitions
11-60.1-112 General Fee Provisions for Covered Sources
11-60.1-113 Application Fees for Covered Sources
11-60.1-114 Annual Fees for Covered Sources
11-60.1-115 Basis of Annual Fees for Covered Sources During Calendar Years 1994, 1995, & 1996
11-60.1-116 Application Fee Credit for Covered Sources
Subchapter 7, Prevention of Significant Deterioration Review
Subchapter 8, Standards of Performance for Stationary Sources
11-60.1-161 New Source Performance Standards

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)

40 CFR Part 60 - New Source Performance Standard (NSPS)
Subpart A - General Provisions
Subpart GG - NSPS for Stationary Gas Turbines - NSPS Subpart GG applies to Unit Nos. M14 and M16. Standards for SO2, NOX and recordkeeping requirements are contained in this regulation. Based on a maximum heat rate of 275 MMBtu/hr, a manufacturer’s rating of 20 MW and a fuel bound nitrogen limit of 0.015% by weight, the NOX limit is 75 ppmvd at 15% O2, according to Subpart GG. Based on existing permit conditions, NOX emissions are limited to 42 ppmvd at 15% O2. MECO shall demonstrate compliance through continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) monitoring. The Subpart GG limit for fuel bound sulfur content is 0.8 % by weight, but the existing permit conditions limit the fuel bound sulfur content to 0.4 % by weight sulfur. The SO2 concentration of the stack gases is limited to 150 ppmvd at 15% O2 by Subpart GG and 79 ppmvd at 15% O2 by existing permit conditions. Compliance is maintained through CEMS monitoring and fuel analysis.

Non-Applicable Requirements:

BACT Requirements:

Insignificant Activities/Exemptions:

Basis for Exemption Description:

HAR §11-60.1-82(f)(1) The Maalaea Generating Station contains VOC storage tanks with a capacity less than 40,000 gallons that are not subject to Section 111 or 112 of the CAAA. Specifically, there is one 550 gallon fixed roof diesel storage tank for each combustion unit.

HAR §11-60.1-82(f)(2) There occasionally may be fuel burning equipment on-site meeting the requirements of this rule.

HAR §11-60.1-82(f)(7) The Maalaea Generating Station has fugitive equipment leaks from valves, flanges, pump seals and VOC water separators. Paints and solvents are used for maintenance.
The Department has determined that the above activities are either exempt from permitting or are considered insignificant activities.


Project Emissions:
TABLE 1
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX) EMISSIONS

Unit
No.
AP-42 EF
(lb/MMBtu)
Assumed EF
(lb/MMBtu)
Heat Input
(MMBtu/hr)
Emission Rate
(lb/hr)
Emission Rate
(ton/yr)
M1
3.1
3.36
29.2
98
429
M2
3.1
3.36
29.2
98
429
M3
3.1
3.36
29.2
98
429
M4
3.1
5.00
58.8
294
1,288
M5
3.1
5.00
58.8
294
1,288
M6
3.1
5.00
58.8
294
1,288
M7
3.1
5.00
58.8
294
1,288
M8
3.1
3.73
60.2
225
986
M9
3.1
3.73
60.2
225
986
M10
NA
4.72
122.7
579
2,536
M11
NA
4.72
122.7
579
2,536
M12
NA
2.09
122.7
256
1,121
M13
NA
2.09
122.7
256
1,121
X1
NA
2.40
28.5
68
298
X2
NA
2.40
28.5
68
298
M14
NA
0.15
275
42
184
M16
NA
0.15
275
42
184
TABLE 2
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2) EMISSIONS

Unit
No.
AP-42 EF
(lb/MMBtu)
Assumed EF
(lb/MMBtu)
Heat Input
(MMBtu/hr)
Emission Rate
(lb/hr)
Emission Rate
(ton/yr)
M1
NA
0.41
29.2
12
53
M2
NA
0.41
29.2
12
53
M3
NA
0.41
29.0
12
53
M4
NA
0.41
58.8
24
105
M5
NA
0.41
58.8
24
105
M6
NA
0.41
58.8
24
105
M7
NA
0.41
58.8
24
105
M8
NA
0.41
60.2
25
110
M9
NA
0.41
60.2
25
110
M10
NA
0.41
122.7
51
223
M11
NA
0.41
122.7
51
223
M12
NA
0.44
122.7
54
237
M13
NA
0.44
122.7
54
237
X1
NA
0.41
28.5
12
53
X2
NA
0.41
28.5
12
53
M14
NA
0.40
275
110
482
M16
NA
0.40
275
110
482

TABLE 3
CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) EMISSIONS
Unit
No.AP-42 EF
(lb/MMBtu)Assumed EF
(lb/MMBtu)Heat Input
(MMBtu/hr)Emission Rate
(lb/hr)Emission Rate
(ton/yr)
M10.811.2129.235153
M20.811.2129.235153
M30.811.2129.035153
M40.811.3458.879346
M50.811.3458.879346
M60.811.3458.879346
M70.811.3458.879346
M80.811.3160.279346
M90.811.3160.279346
M10NA0.41122.750219
M11NA0.41122.750219
M12NA0.58122.771311
M13NA0.58122.771311
X10.811.2428.535153
X20.811.2428.535153
M14NA1.732754762,084
M16NA1.732754762,084

TABLE 4
PARTICULATE MATTER (PM) EMISSIONS
Unit
No.AP-42 EF
(lb/MMBtu)Assumed EF
(lb/MMBtu)Heat Input
(MMBtu/hr)Emission Rate
(lb/hr)Emission Rate
(ton/yr)
M1.07630.1029.22.913
M2.07630.1029.22.913
M3.07630.1029.02.913
M4.07630.1158.86.528
M5.07630.1158.86.528
M6.07630.1158.86.528
M7.07630.1158.86.528
M8.07630.1960.211.450
M9.07630.1960.211.450
M10NA0.05122.76.629
M11NA0.05122.76.628.9
M12NA0.32122.739.1171
M13NA0.32122.739.1171
X1.07630.1328.53.716
X2.07630.1328.53.716
M14NA0.0727519.786
M16NA0.0727519.786

TABLE 5
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC) EMISSIONS
Unit
No.AP-42 EF
(lb/MMBtu)Assumed EF
(lb/MMBtu)Heat Input
(MMBtu/hr)Emission Rate
(lb/hr)Emission Rate
(ton/yr)
M10.10.23829.2731
M20.10.23829.2731
M30.10.23829.0731
M40.10.23858.81461
M50.10.23858.81461
M60.10.23858.81461
M70.10.23858.81461
M80.10.23860.21461
M90.10.23860.21461
M100.10.238122.729127
M110.10.238122.729127
M12NA 0.258122.732140
M13NA0.253122.732140
X10.10.23828.5731
X20.10.23828.5731
M14NA1.0822752981,305
M16NA1.0822752981,305

Air Quality Assessment:
TABLE 6
SUMMARY OF THE SAAQS ANALYSIS RESULTS.

Pollutant
Averaging
period
Maalaea
Sources
mg/m3
SAAQS mg/m3
% of
Standard
Peak Location (UTM)
East
(m)North
(m)
SO2a,b
3-hr
24-hr
annual
378
138
35
1,300
365
80
29
38
43
759,400
760,450
760,6002,304,800
2,302,230
2,301,000
PM10a,d
24-hr
annual
49
13
150
50
33
25
760,435
760,6002,302,225
2,301,000
NO2a,c
annual
62
70
89
760,6002,301,200
COa1-hr
8-hr
3,000
680
10,000
5,000
30
14
758,450
759,7502,302,950
2,304,600
1. The impact of the combined cycle units (Unit Nos. M14 and M16) is at peak load for SO2 and 25% of base load for PM10, NO2 and CO.
2. Short-term averaging period concentrations for SO2 are the highest second-highest values.
3. The NO2 Annual value represents level 2 ozone limiting. The value was obtained using the average onsite background ozone value of 36.6 mg/m3 to replace missing data in the ozone file.
4. Unit Nos. M10 and M11 were modeled for PM10 at a higher, more conservative value (2.94 g/s) than represented in Table 1.4.5-1 of the CSP application(0233-01).

Existing Permit Conditions:
Pollutant Limitations
NO2 1.5 lb/MMBtu
PM 0.054 lb/MMBtu
CO 0.41 lb/MMBtu
600 ppmv (dry, @15 % O2)
68.4 lb/hr (3 hr average)

Combustor Turbine, % Peakload lb-water/lb-fuel
100 1.04
75 - < 100 0.94
50 - < 75 0.87
25 - < 50 0.72

Emission limits for Unit Nos. M12 and 13 are as follows (per PSD No. HI 87-01):
Pollutant lbs/hr ppmv @15% O2
SO2 58.0 110
NOX as NO2 256.1 595
CO 70.6 234
VOC 31.6 211
PM 39.1 0.17
TABLE 7
COMBUSTION TURBINE GENERATORS, UNIT NOS. M14 AND M16,
SIMPLE CYCLE MODE (per PSD Nos. HI 90-02 and HI 90-05)
Maximum Emission Limit (3-hour Average) a
Compound
(lbs/hr)(ppmvd @ 15 percent O2)
Nitrogen Oxides b42.342
Sulfur Dioxide11079
PM1019.70.045 c
Carbon Monoxide
100% Load
75% - <100% Load
50% - <75% Load
25% - <50% Load
26.8
56.4
181.0
475.6
44
123
566
2,386
Volatile Organic Compounds d
100% Load
75% - <100% Load
50% - <75% Load
25% - <50% Load
0.8
2.6
28.1
297.6
2.5
11.8
178
3,025
a Emission limit per combustion turbine generator.
b Measured as nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
c gr/dscf @ 12 percent carbon dioxide (CO2).
d Measured as methane (CH4).


TABLE 8
COMBUSTION TURBINE GENERATORS, UNIT NOS. M14 AND M16,
COMBINED CYCLE MODE (per PSD Nos. HI 90-02 and HI 90-05)
Maximum Emission Limit (3-hour Average) a
Compound
(lbs/hr)(ppmvd @ 15 percent O2)
Nitrogen Oxides b
42.342
Sulfur Dioxide
11079
PM10
19.70.045
Carbon Monoxide
100% Load
75% - <100% Load
50% - <75% Load
25% - <50% Load
26.9
50.2
170.4
457.4
44
105
523
2219
Volatile Organic Compounds d
100% Load
75% - <100% Load
50% - <75% Load
25% - <50% Load
0.8
2.0
25.0
271
2.5
8.6
156
2662
a Emission limit per combustion turbine generator.
b Measured as nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
c gr/dscf @ 12 percent carbon dioxide (CO2).
d Measured as methane (CH4).

New Permit Conditions:
1. The first alternate operating scenario (AOS) is the ability to switch fuels, including used oil. The permittee is required to submit fuel information for Department of Health approval.
Constituent/Property Allowable Limit
Arsenic 5 ppm maximum
Cadmium 2 ppm maximum
Chromium 10 ppm maximum
Lead 100 ppm maximum
Total Halogens 1,000 ppm maximum
Flash Point 100oF minimum
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) 2 ppm maximum
Sulfur 0.4% by weight maximum

2. A second AOS occurs during unpredicted periods of equipment failure, upsets, or emergency conditions. During any emergency condition, the permittee will operate the subject equipment in such a manner as to minimize emissions. The permittee will comply with the Emergency Provisions (§11-60.1-97).

3. A third AOS occurs during the use of fuel additives. The additives will be used to reduce corrosion, control biological growth, and enhance combustion, etc. Additives used during this scenario will not affect emission estimates.

4. A fourth AOS involves the replacement of an existing unit in the event of a major overhaul or failure. This replacement will not result in a net increase of emissions.

6. The fifth AOS involves the SCR demonstration project. Should this technology prove viable, MECO proposes retrofitting M14 and M16 without reopening the permit.


Conclusion and
Recommendation:
APPENDIX A

Tons per Year (TPY)
HAPM1M2M3M4M5M6M7M8
Acetaldehyde0.0030.0030.0030.0060.0060.0060.0060.007
Acrolein0.0010.0010.0010.0020.0020.0020.0020.002
Benzene0.0990.0990.0990.20.20.20.20.205
Formaldehyde0.060.060.060.1210.1210.1210.1210.124
Napthalene0.0170.0170.0170.0330.0330.0330.0330.034
Phosphorus0.0380.0380.0380.0770.0770.0770.0770.079
Toluene0.0360.0360.0360.0720.0720.0720.0720.074
Xylene0.0250.0250.0250.050.050.050.050.051
Antimony Compounds0.0030.0030.0030.0060.0060.0060.0060.006
Arsenic Compounds0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001
Cadmium Compounds0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001
Chromium Compounds0.0060.0060.0060.0120.0120.0120.0120.012
Cobalt Compounds0.0010.0010.0010.0020.0020.0020.0020.002
Lead Compounds0.0070.0070.0070.0140.0140.0140.0140.014
Manganese Compounds0.0430.0430.0430.0880.0880.0880.0880.089
Nickel Compounds0.1530.1530.1530.3090.3090.3090.3090.316
Polycyclic Organic Matter0.0270.0270.0270.0550.0550.0550.0550.056
Selenium Compounds0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001
Total0.5220.5220.5221.051.051.051.051.074

Tons per Year (TPY)
HAPM9M10M11M12M13M14M16X1X2Total
Acetaldehyde
0.0070.0140.0140.0140.0140.030.030.0020.0020.167
Acrolein
0.0020.0040.0040.0040.0040.0090.009000.049
Benzene
0.2050.4170.4170.4170.4170.9350.9350.0480.0485.141
Formaldehyde
0.1240.2530.2530.2530.2530.5670.5670.0290.0293.116
Napthalene
0.0340.070.070.070.070.1570.1570.0080.0080.861
Phosphorus
0.0790.1610.1610.1610.1610.3610.3610.0190.0191.984
Toluene
0.0740.1510.1510.1510.1510.3380.3380.0180.0181.86
Xylene
0.0510.1040.1040.1040.1040.2320.2320.0120.0121.281
Antimony Compounds
0.0060.0120.0120.0120.0120.0260.0260.0010.0010.147
Arsenic Compounds
0.0010.0030.0030.0030.0030.0060.006000.033
Cadmium Compounds
0.0010.0020.0020.0020.0020.0050.005000.027
Chromium Compounds
0.0120.0250.0250.0250.0250.0570.0570.0030.0030.31
Cobalt Compounds
0.0020.0050.0050.0050.0050.110.110.0010.0010.257
Lead Compounds
0.0140.0290.0290.030.030.0660.066000.355
Manganese Compounds
0.0890.1830.1830.1830.1830.410.410.0210.0212.253
Nickel Compounds
0.3160.6450.6450.6450.6451.441.440.0750.0757.937
Polycyclic Organic Matter
0.0560.1140.1140.1140.1140.2550.2550.0130.0131.405
Selenium Compounds
0.0010.0030.0030.0030.0030.0060.006000.033
Total
1.0742.1952.1952.1962.1965.015.010.250.25
27.216