FR Doc 04-6643
[Federal Register: March 25, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 58)]
[Notices]
[Page 15369-15371]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr25mr04-95]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Intent to Repatriate Cultural Items: State Historical
Society of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
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Notice is here given in accordance with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 43 CFR 10.8 (f), of the
intent to repatriate cultural items in the possession of the State
Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, that meet the definition of
``unassociated funerary objects'' under 25 U.S.C. 3001.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 43 CFR 10.8 (f). The
determinations within this notice are the sole responsibility of the
museum, institution, or Federal agency that has control of the cultural
items. The National Park Service is not responsible for the
determinations within this notice.
The 415 cultural items are 272 chipped and ground stone tools,
flakes, and debris; 1 unmodified stone; 4 catlinite and limestone
pipes; 4 pieces of worked hematite; 15 ceramic pots and 7 ceramic
sherds; 1 metal bead; 11 metal ornaments; 5 iron tools and fragments; 1
copper tool; 7 copper bracelets; 1 copper ear pendant; 1 copper snake;
5 copper tubes; 20 copper beads; 1 piece of worked bone; 15 worked bone
beads; 19 worked bone tools; 1 worked bone whistle; 8 pieces of
unworked animal bone; 1 piece of sinew from a necklace; 3 clamshell
spoons; 1 piece of worked shell; 2 shell beads; and 9 glass beads and
fragments.
In 1930, Dr. F.J. Becker, a collector of archeological materials
from Iowa sites, donated a portion of his collection to the State
Historical Society of Iowa. Among the items in the collection were two
cultural items that, according to museum documentation, were found in a
grave in the Upper Iowa River valley, Allamakee County, northeastern
Iowa (Site 13AMOq). The two cultural items are a single tubular copper
bead with a short length of braided sinew preserved inside it.
According to museum documentation, the bead was the largest of a number
of beads forming a necklace. The State Historical Society of Iowa is
not in possession of the human remains from this burial.
The exact location of the burial site is not known, but two factors
suggest that the grave may have been an Oneota interment. The site is
in an area of known Oneota habitation and cemetery sites, and the style
and method of manufacture of the bead, as well as its excellent state
of preservation, suggest that it dates to the protohistoric or early
Historic/Contact period. Evidence presented during consultation
indicates that the cultural items from the site are consistent with
Oneota material culture and that the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe
of Kansas and Nebraska; and
[[Page 15370]]
Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma are the present-day tribes
most closely affiliated with the protohistoric and historic Oneota
culture.
In two donations in 1933 and 1947, Ellison Orr donated his
collection, known as the Orr Donation, to the State Historical Society
of Iowa. Some of the materials were collected by Mr. Orr during
excavations he conducted in the 1930s under the direction of Charles R.
Keyes. Museum documentation indicates that 53 cultural items were
recovered from burials in Iowa, although the specific location of the
burials is unknown. The 53 cultural items are 18 chipped stone tools
and flakes, 2 catlinite pipes, 1 hematite ornament, 4 shell-tempered
ceramic pots, 1 shell-tempered ceramic sherd; 7 copper bracelets, 1
copper ear pendant, 1 copper snake, 1 copper bead; 3 copper tubes, 1
metal bead, 2 metal spiral ear ornaments, 4 bone beads; 2 bone shaft
straighteners, 3 antler points; and 2 cervid phalanges. The State
Historical Society of Iowa is not in possession of the human remains
from this burial.
Evidence presented during consultation indicates that the cultural
items in the Orr Donation are consistent with Oneota material culture
and that the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska;
and Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma are the present-day
tribes most closely affiliated with the protohistoric and historic
Oneota culture.
In 1934, during excavations undertaken by Ellison Orr, under the
direction of Charles R. Keyes, on behalf of the State Historical
Society of Iowa, at the O'Regan Terrace site (13AM21), Allamakee
County, northeastern Iowa, 76 cultural items were removed from burials.
The 76 cultural items are 38 chipped and ground stone tools, flakes,
and debris; 1 unmodified stone; 4 shell-tempered ceramic pots; 2 iron
knives; 3 pieces of iron; 18 copper tubes beads; 1 metal spiral ear
ornament; 2 bone awls; 1 bison or elk scapula hoe; and 6 glass bead
fragments. The State Historical Society of Iowa is not in possession of
the human remains from these burials.
The O'Regan Terrace site has been identified as an Oneota village
and cemetery on the basis of material culture and site typology.
Evidence presented during consultation indicates that the cultural
items from this site are consistent with Oneota material culture and
that the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; and
Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma are the present-day tribes
most closely affiliated with the protohistoric and historic Oneota
culture.
In 1934, Ellison Orr and Charles Keyes undertook excavations on
behalf of the State Historical Society of Iowa at the Elephant Terrace
site (13AM59), on the north side of the Upper Iowa River, Allamakee
County, IA. Mr. Orr and Mr. Keyes recovered 18 cultural items during
excavations in 1934, and Mr. Orr obtained 2 cultural items from an
unnamed individual who reported having taken them from a burial at this
site. The 20 cultural items are 18 chipped and ground stone tools and
flakes; 1 shell-tempered ceramic pot; and 1 copper awl. The State
Historical Society of Iowa is not in possession of the human remains
from these burials.
The Elephant Terrace site includes a Woodland-period habitation
site and an Oneota village with an associated cemetery. On the basis of
typology and style, the ceramic pot and the chert knife are
identifiable as Oneota. Evidence presented during consultation
indicates that the cultural items from this site are consistent with
Oneota material culture and that the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe
of Kansas and Nebraska; and Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma
are the present-day tribes most closely affiliated with the
protohistoric and historic Oneota culture.
In 1896, Ellison Orr recovered five cultural items from Woolstrom
cemetery (13AM61), Allamakee County, IA, and donated them to the State
Historical Society in 1933. In 1936, Mr. Orr recovered an additional
four cultural items from the same site, and at an unknown date, he
received one cultural item from an unknown individual, which also came
from Woolstrom cemetery. The 10 cultural items are 3 chipped and ground
stone tools, 3 bone awls, 1 bone whistle, 1 piece of worked bone, 1
bird bone, and 1 cervid phalanx. The State Historical Society of Iowa
is not in possession of human remains from these burials.
The Woolstrom cemetery site is one of several cemeteries along Bear
Creek, a major tributary of the Upper Iowa River, Allamakee County, IA,
that Mr. Keyes, Mr. Orr, and others identified as Oneota on the basis
of material culture and site typology. Evidence presented during
consultation indicates that the cultural items from this site are
consistent with Oneota material culture and that the Iowa Tribe of
Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; and Otoe-Missouria Tribe
of Indians, Oklahoma are the present-day tribes most closely affiliated
with the protohistoric and historic Oneota culture.
In 1936, Ellison Orr recovered 42 cultural items during excavations
on behalf of the State Historical Society of Iowa at Burke's Mound
(13AM67), a cemetery site on the north side of Bear Creek about a mile
west of its confluence with the Upper Iowa River, Allamakee County, IA.
Records indicate that Mr. Orr was also given 9 cultural items from this
site by various collectors. The 51 cultural items are 24 ground and
chipped stone tools, 2 worked hematite pieces, 1 limestone pipe, 3
shell-tempered ceramic pots, 7 metal spiral ear ornaments, 1 copper
bead, 4 bone awls, 1 bison rib shaft straightener, 4 bone beads, 1
shell bead, and 3 clamshell spoons. The State Historical Society of
Iowa, Keyes Collection is not in possession of the human remains from
these burials.
Archeological evidence indicates that the Burke's Mound site is an
Oneota cemetery. Evidence presented during consultation indicates that
the cultural items from this site are consistent with Oneota material
culture and that the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and
Nebraska; and Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma are the
present-day tribes most closely affiliated with the protohistoric and
historic Oneota culture.
In 1936, during excavations conducted by Ellison Orr on behalf of
the State Historical Society of Iowa at Hogback Mound Group (13AM86),
119 cultural items were recovered. The Hogback Mound Group is located
between the Upper Iowa River and Bear Creek, Allamakee County, IA. The
119 cultural items, which were recovered from Oneota burial contexts,
are 103 chipped and ground stone tools, flakes, and debris; 1 limestone
pipe; 1 metal spiral ear ornament; 1 worked antler tine; 1 bone arrow
shaft straightener; 1 bone awl; 6 bone beads; 1 shell bead; 1 worked
clamshell; and 3 glass beads. The State Historical Society of Iowa is
not in possession of the human remains from these burials.
The Hogback Mound Group site contains mounds that were constructed
during the late Middle Woodland period (circa A.D. 200-400), but were
subsequently used as burial sites for Oneota people living in the area
in the early Historic/Contact period. Evidence presented during
consultation indicates that the cultural items from this site are
consistent with Oneota material culture and that the Iowa Tribe of
Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; and Otoe-Missouria Tribe
of Indians, Oklahoma are the present-day tribes most closely affiliated
with the protohistoric and historic Oneota culture.
[[Page 15371]]
In 1934 and 1936, Ellison Orr recovered 24 cultural items from
burials at the Lane Farm Mounds site (13AM104) on the Hartley Terrace
overlooking the Upper Iowa River, Allamakee County, IA. The excavations
were undertaken on behalf of the State Historical Society of Iowa. The
24 cultural items are 11 chipped stone tools, flakes, and debris; 1
piece of polished hematite; 1 shell-tempered ceramic pot and 6 shell-
tempered ceramic sherds; 1 bone or quill fragment; and 4 bison or elk
scapula hoes. The State Historical Society of Iowa is not in possession
of the human remains from these burials.
The Lane Farm Mounds complex includes a Late Woodland habitation
site, an Oneota village, and burial mounds that were used by both the
Woodland and Oneota populations. Excavation records indicate that the
items were identified by Mr. Orr as Oneota. Evidence presented during
consultation indicates that the cultural items from this site are
consistent with Oneota material culture and that the Iowa Tribe of
Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; and Otoe-Missouria Tribe
of Indians, Oklahoma are the present-day tribes most closely affiliated
with the protohistoric and historic Oneota culture.
In 1934 and 1936, Charles Keyes and Ellison Orr on behalf of the
State Historical Society of Iowa collected 61 cultural items from the
New Galena Mounds site (13AM108), located on a terrace on the south
side of the Upper Iowa River about .5 mile west of its confluence with
Bear Creek in Allamakee County, IA. The 61 cultural items are 57
chipped and ground stone tools, flakes, and debris; 2 shell-tempered
ceramic pots, and 2 copper tubes. The State Historical Society of Iowa
is not in possession of the human remains from these burials.
The New Galena Mounds are Woodland-period burial mounds with
intrusive Oneota burials. The cultural items derive from the Oneota
burials. Evidence presented during consultation indicates that the
cultural items from this site are consistent with Oneota material
culture and that the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and
Nebraska; and Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma are the
present-day tribes most closely affiliated with the protohistoric and
historic Oneota culture.
Officials of the State Historical Society of Iowa have determined
that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (3)(B), the 415 cultural items
described above are reasonably believed to have been placed with or
near human remains at the time of death or later as part of the death
rite or ceremony and are believed, by a preponderance of the evidence,
to have been removed from specific burial sites of Native American
individuals. Officials of the State Historical Society of Iowa also
have determined that pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), there is a
relationship of shared group identity that can be reasonably traced
between the unassociated funerary objects and the Iowa Tribe of
Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; and Otoe-Missouria Tribe
of Indians, Oklahoma.
Representatives of any other Indian tribe that believes itself to
be culturally affiliated with the unassociated funerary objects should
contact Jerome Thompson, State Historical Society of Iowa, New
Historical Building, 600 East Locust, Des Moines, IA 50319-0290,
telephone (515) 281-4221, before April 26, 2004. Repatriation of the
unassociated funerary objects to the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe
of Kansas and Nebraska; and Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma
may proceed after that date if no additional claimants come forward.
The State Histocial Society of Iowa is responsible for notifying
the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; and
Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma that this notice has been
published.
Dated: February 9, 2004.
John Robbins,
Assistant Director, Cultural Resources.
[FR Doc. 04-6643 Filed 3-24-04; 8:45 am]
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