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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Ethyl Alcohol |
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General Description
Synonyms: Ethanol; Ethyl Hydrate; Grain Alcohol; Methyl Carbinol; Jaysol; Anhydrol
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1060
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 64-17-5
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: KQ6300000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1170 127
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Ethyl Alcohol: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 1000 ppm, 1900 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 1000 ppm, 1900 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 1000 ppm, 1900 mg/m3 TWA
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 1000 ppm, 1880 mg/m3 TWA; Appendix A4 - Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen (Listed under Ethanol)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 1000 ppm, 1900 mg/m3 TWA
Health Factors
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 3,300 ppm [LEL]
Potential symptoms: Eye, nose, skin irritation; headache, drowsiness, lassitude, narcosis; cough; liver damage; reproductive, teratogenic effects; eye redness, pain, burning. INGES ACUTE: Burning sensation; nausea; slurred speech, confusion, dizziness, unconsciousness. INGES CHRONIC: Liver cirrhosis.
Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, Nose, Throat, Skin---Marked (HE14); Narcosis (HE8); Reproductive impairment (HE5)
Affected organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, CNS, liver, blood, reproductive system.
Notes: 1) The IDLH is 10% of the lower explosive limit (3.3%). 2) Doubt has been expressed whether reproductive toxicity can be caused by occupational exposure levels of ethyl alcohol. 3) Metabolized to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450 2E1, which are thought to have a role in toxicity and carcinogenesis by chronic oral use.
Date Last Revised: 02/11/2004
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Ethyl Alcohol.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Ethanol (anhydrous).
- Badger, T.M., Ronis, M.J.J., Seitz, H.K., Albano, E., Ingelman-Sundberg, M. and Lieber, C.S.: Alcohol metabolism: role in toxicity and carcinogenesis. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 27(2): 336-347, 2003.
- Irvine, L.F.H.: Relevance to the developmental toxicity of ethanol in the occupational setting: a review. J. Appl. Toxicol. 23(5): 289-299, 2003.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Ethyl Alcohol. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1045-1046.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: Two Anasorb 747 Adsorbent Tubes (Front Tube 400mg / Second Tube 200mg)
analytical solvent: (40:60) Carbon Disulfide:Dimethylformamide
maximum volume: 12 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.05 L/min
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FID
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 100)
method classification: Fully Validated
note: Separate and seal each tube after sampling.
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sampling media: Charcoal Tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh)
analytical solvent: (99:1) Carbon Disulfide:2-Butanol
alternative solvent: (99:1) Carbon Disulfide:Dimethylformamide
alternative solvent: (95:5) Methylene Chloride:Methanol
maximum volume: 1 Liter maximum flow rate: 0.05 L/min
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FID
method reference: NIOSH Analytical Method (NIOSH 1400)
method classification: Partially Validated
note: Samples must be refrigerated for shipment to laboratory
On-Site Sampling Techniques/Methods:
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: AUER/MSA
model/type: Ethanol-100, MSA P/N 804136, AUER P/N 5086-818
sampling information: follow manufacturer's instructions
upper measurement limit: 6000 ppm
detection limit: approximately 50 ppm
overall uncertainty: unknown
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: Dräger
model/type: Alcohol 25/a, order no. 81 01631
sampling information: 10 strokes
upper measurement limit: 2000 ppm
detection limit: approximately 10 ppm
overall uncertainty: approximately 41%
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: Gastec
model/type: 112
sampling information: 0.5 to 2 strokes
upper measurement limit: 7.5%
detection limit: 0.004%
overall uncertainty: 25% for 0.05 to 0.5%, 16% for 0.5 to 2.5%
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: Matheson-Kitagawa
model/type: 8014-104SA
sampling information: 1 stroke
upper measurement limit: 5%
detection limit: approximately 0.02%
overall uncertainty: unknown
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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Page last updated: 02/13/2006
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