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Contents Preface .......................................................................................................... Introduction ................................................................................................. Inventors Archimedes . 287 B.C. - c. 212 B.C.) ............................................................ Greek Mathematician and Inventor of the Archimedean Screw Leo Baekeland (1863-1944) ......................................................................... Belgian-Born American Chemist and Inventor of the First Synthetic Plastic Benjamin Banneker (1731-1806) ..................................................................... American Astronomer and Inventor, Considered the First Black American Scientist Frederick Banting (1891-1941) ............................................................................. Canadian Scientist and Doctor, Co-Discoverer of Insulin, the Medicine that Treats Diabetes Alexander Graham Bell (1847 1922) ...................................................................... Scottish-born American Scientist and Inventor of the Telephone Karl Benz (1844 1929) .............................................................................................. German Engineer and Industrialist, Inventor of the First Three-Wheeled Gasoline-Powered Automobile Tim Berners-Lee (1955- ) .................................................................................................... British Computer Scientist and Inventor of the World Wide Web Henry Bessemer (1813-1898) ........................................................................................... English Engineer and Inventor of the Steel Converter Clarence Birdseye (1886 -1956) ......................................................................................... American Businessman and Inventor, "The Father of Frozen Food" Katharine Blodgett (1898-1979) American Scientist and Inventor of Non-Reflective Glass Louis Braille (1809 1852) French Educator and Inventor of the Braille System of Printing and Writing for the Blind Rachel Fuller Brown (1898-1980) American Scientist and Co-Creator of the First Anti-Fungal Antibiotic William Seward Burroughs (1855-1898) American Manufacturer and Inventor of the First Adding Machine Wallace Carothers (1896-1937) American Chemist and Inventor of Nylon, the First Synthetic Fiber Willis Carrier (1876-1950) American Engineer and Inventor, "The Father of Air Conditioning" George Washington Carver (1864? 1943) American Inventor, Farmer, Educator and Food Scientist, Created more than 300 Products Using Peanuts Jacques Cousteau (1910 - 1997) French Ocean Explorer, Film Producer, and Inventor of SCUBA Diving Equipment Seymour Cray (1925-1996) American Computer Designer and Inventor of the First "Supercomputer" Gottlieb Daimler (1834 1900) German Engineer and Industrialist, Inventor of the First Four-Wheeled Automobile, First Motorcycle and First Gasoline Engine Raymond Damadian (1936-) American Businessman and Inventor of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scanner Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) Italian Artist, Inventor, Scientist, and Engineer John Deere (1804 1886) American Blacksmith and Inventor of the Steel Plow Georges de Mestral (1907-1990) Swiss Inventor of Velcro Rudolf Diesel (1858 1913) German Engineer and Industrialist, Inventor of the Diesel Engine Herbert Henry Dow (1866-1930) American Chemist and Inventor, Founder of the Dow Chemical Company George Eastman (1854-1932) American Inventor of Rolled Photographic Film and the Hand-Held Camera, Founder of Kodak Thomas Edison (1847-1931) American Inventor of More Than 1,000 Items, Including the Incandescent Electric Lamp (Light Bulb), Phonograph and the Motion Picture Projector Gertrude Elion (1918-1999) American Scientist and Inventor of Life-Saving Drugs to Treat Leukemia and Other Diseases, Winner of the Nobel Prize Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) Dutch Instrument Maker and Inventor of the Mercury Thermometer Philo Farnsworth (1906-1971) American Scientist and Inventor of Electronic Television Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) Scottish Doctor and Scientist Who Discovered Penicillin, the First Successful Antibiotic, Winner of the Nobel Prize Henry Ford (1863 1947) American Industrialist, Inventor, and Philanthropist, Developed Mass Production Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) American Statesman, Printer, and Inventor of the Lightning Rod, the Franklin Stove, and Bifocals Robert Fulton (1765-1815) American Inventor of the First Successful Commercial Steamboat Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Italian Mathematician, Physicist, and Astronomer, Inventor of the Thermometer and the First Practical Telescope and "Father of the Scientific Method" Bill Gates (1955-) American Computer Software Pioneer and Co-Founder of Microsoft King Gillette (1855-1932) American Businessman and Inventor of the Safety Razor Robert Hutchings Goddard (1882-1945) American Physicist and Pioneer of Modern Rocketry, Inventor of the Liquid Fueled Rocket Charles Goodyear (1800-1860) American Inventor of the Vulcanized Rubber Process Gordon Gould (1920-2005) American Scientist and Inventor of the Laser Temple Grandin (1947-) American Animal Scientist and Inventor of Equipment for Humane Treatment of Livestock Wilson Greatbatch (1919- ) American Engineer and Inventor of the Implantable Cardiac Pacemaker Johannes Gutenberg (1400? - 1468) German Printer and Inventor of the Movable-Type Printing Press Elizabeth Lee Hazen (1885-1975) American Scientist and Co-Creator of the First Anti-Fungal Antibiotic Elias Howe (1819-1867) American Inventor of the First Practical Sewing Machine Edward Jenner (1749-1823) English Physician and Creator of Vaccination, "The Father of Immunology" Steven Jobs (1955-) American Computer Pioneer, Co-Founder of Apple Computer, and Head of Apple and Pixar Dean Kamen (1951-) American Inventor, Physicist, and Engineer, Inventor of the iBot and Segway W. K. Kellogg (1860 1951) American Businessman and Cereal Manufacturer, Inventor of Corn Flakes Willem Kolff (1911-) Dutch-Born American Doctor and Inventor of the Kidney Dialysis Machine Stephanie Kwolek (1923-) American Chemist and Inventor of Kevlar Rene Laennec (1781-1826) French Doctor and Inventor of the Stethoscope Edwin Land (1909-1991) American Physicist, Businessman and Inventor of Instant Photography Jerome Lemelson (1923-1997) American Inventor of More than 500 Items Joseph Lister (1827-1912) English Surgeon Who Created the Antiseptic Technique, Making Surgery Safe Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937) Italian Scientist and Inventor of Successful Long-Distance Transmission of Radio Cyrus McCormick (1809 1884) American Businessman and Inventor of the Mechanical Reaper Elijah McCoy (1844? 1929) Canadian-Born American Inventor of the Automatic Lubricating Cup, "The Real McCoy" Joseph-Michael Montgolfier (1740-1810) Jacques-Etienne Montgolfier (1745-1799) French Inventors of the First Practical Balloon, Making Possible the First Human Flight Garrett Morgan (1877-1963) American Inventor of the Traffic Signal and the Gas Mask Samuel F.B. Morse (1791-1872) American Inventor of Morse Code and the First Practical Electric Telegraph Isaac Newton (1642-1727) English Physicist, Mathematician, and Inventor, Who Formulated Key Laws of Motion and Invented the Reflecting Telescope Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) Swedish Scientist, Businessman, and Inventor of Dynamite, Creator of the Nobel Prizes Ellen Ochoa (1958- ) American Astronaut and Inventor of Optic Systems Used in Space Flight Louis Pasteur (1822 1895) French Chemist, Biologist, and Educator; the Father of Microbiology and Immunology, and Inventor of the "Pasteurization" Process Roy J. Plunkett (1910-1994) American Chemist and Inventor of Teflon Wilhelm Roentgen (1845-1923) German Physicist and Inventor of the X-Ray Jonas Salk (1914-1995) American Physician and Scientist Who Developed the First Polio Vaccine Patsy Sherman (1930- ) American Chemist and Co-Inventor of Scotchgard Fabric Protector Christopher Sholes (1819-1890) American Inventor of the First Practical Typewriter and the "QWERTY" Keyboard Igor Sikorsky (1889-1972) Russian-Born American Engineer and Inventor of the Helicopter and the First Multimotor Airplane Percy Spencer (1894-1970) American Scientist and Inventor of the Microwave Oven George Stephenson (1781-1848) English Engineer and Inventor, Pioneer of the First Successful Steam-Powered Locomotive Levi Strauss (1829-1902) German-Born American Inventor of Blue Jeans Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) Croatian-Born American Inventor, Electrical Engineer, Physicist, Researcher, and Pioneer in Electricity; Inventor of the AC Electric Motor, and the Tesla Coil Alessandro Volta (1745-1827) Italian Physicist and Inventor of the First Battery James Watt (1736-1819) Scottish Inventor of an Improved Steam Engine George Westinghouse (1846-1914) American Industrialist and Inventor of the Railroad Air Brake, Developed an Alternating Current System for Electrical Transmission Eli Whitney (1765-1825) American Inventor of the First Practical Cotton Gin Frank Whittle (1907-1996) British Inventor of the Jet Engine Steve Wozniak (1950-) American Computer Designer and Engineer, Co-Founder of Apple Computer and Inventor of the Apple II Wilbur Wright (1867-1912) Orville Wright 1871-1948 American Inventors of the First Aircraft Capable of Powered, Sustained, and Controlled Flight Vladimir Zworykin (1889-1982) Russian-Born American Scientist and Inventor, Pioneer in the field of Electronic Television
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Inventors -- Biography -- Juvenile literature.
Scientists -- Biography -- Juvenile literature.