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Ocean Color

Ocean Color Bibliography

This bibliography on ocean color and related topics was initiated by a library search on the subject. The bibliography will be updated periodically, but it is not comprehensive. The bibliography should be utilized as a resource for ocean color research investigations, to assist in the preparation of publications, and for education.

For detailed information on SeaWiFS and the SeaWiFS Project, consult SeaWiFS Technical Memoranda:  

The Prelaunch Technical Report Series

The Postlaunch Technical Report Series

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Aarup, T., S. Groom, and P.M. Holligan, 1989: CZCS imagery of the North Sea. Remote Sensing of Atmosphere and Oceans, E. Raschke et al., Eds., Adv. in Space Res., 9, Pergamon Press, 443-451.

---, ---, and ---, 1990: The processing and interpretation of North Sea CZCS imagery. Neth. J. Sea Res., 25, 3-9.

Abbott, M.R, and P.M. Zion, 1984: Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS): Imagery of near-surface phytoplankton pigment concentrations from the first coastal ocean dynamics experiment (CODE-1), March--July 1981. NASA Contractor Report 174169, 81 pp.

Abbott, M.R., and P.M. Zion, 1985: Satellite observations of phytoplankton variability during an upwelling event. Cont. Shelf Res., 4, 661-680.

---, and ---, 1987: Spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton pigment off northern California during Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment 1. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 1,745-1,755.

---, and B. Barksdale, 1991: Phytoplankton pigment patterns and wind forcing off central California. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 14,649-14,667.

Acker, J.G., G. Leptoukh, S. Shen, Y. Wang, D. Winterfeld, and R. Simmon, 1998: Goddard DAAC data services for SeaWiFS ocean color data. Proc. 5th Intl. Conf. on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, Vol. 2, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 325-332.

Ackleson, S.G., and P.M. Holligan, 1989: AVHRR observations of a Gulf of Maine coccolithophorid bloom. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., 55, 473-474.

Ade, G., D.H. Lawrence, and X. Ling, 1985: Analysis of CZCS data for the UK Southwestern Approaches. Intl. J. Remote Sens., 6, 1,749-1,763.

Ahlnas, K., and T.C. Royer, 1989: Application of satellite visible band data to high latitude oceans. Rem. Sens. Environ., 28, 85-93.

Aiken, J., G.F. Moore, and P.M. Holligan, 1992: Remote sensing of oceanic biology in relation to global climate change. J. Phycol., 28, 579-590.

---, and ---, 1995: Special requirements for the validation of ocean colour information. Proceedings of the WMO/IOC Conference on Space-Based Ocean Observation, WMO/PD-No. 649, 93-101.

Alberotanza, L., G. Aldighieri, and A. Bergamasco, 1983: North Adriatic Sea cruise 1982: STD tridimensional structure. Rapp. P.-V. Reun. Ciesm, 28, 135-139.

---, V. Barale, and A. Bergamasco, 1985: Nimbus 7 CZCS images as inputs in circulation modelling of the North Adriatic Sea. 1st Congresso, Gruppo Nazionale per la Fisica dell'Atmosfera e dell'Oceano, Rome, Italy, June 19--22, 1984. Nuovo Cimento C, Serie 1, 8 C, 621-630.

Amos, C.L., and B.J. Topliss, 1985: Discrimination of suspended particulate matter in the Bay of Fundy using the Nimbus 7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner. Canadian J. Remote Sens., 11, 85-92.

Andersen, J.H., 1991: CZCS level-2 generation. OCEAN Technical Series, Nos. 1-8, Ocean Colour European Archive Network, 49 pp.

Anderson, F.P., L.V. Shannon, S.A. Mostert, N.M. Walters, and O.G. Malan, 1981: A South African ocean colour experiment. Oceanography from Space, J.F.R. Gower, Ed., Plenum Press, 381-386.

André, J.-M., 1992: Ocean color remote-sensing and the subsurface vertical structure of phytoplankton pigments. Deep-Sea Res., 39, 763-779.

---, and A. Morel, 1989: Simulated effects of barometric pressure and ozone content upon the estimate of marine phytoplankton from space. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 1,029-1,037.

---, and ---, 1990: Atmospheric corrections and interpretation of marine radiances in CZCS imagery, revisited. Oceanol. Acta, 14, 3-22.

Anonymous, 1981: All-out effort to boost US fisheries with ocean data. World Fish., 30, 29-31.

---, 1990: 'OCEAN' Project: A proposal of CZCS data exploitation towards an improved understanding of the European marine environment. Proc. 10th EARSeL Symp. ``New European systems, sensors and applications'', G. Konecny, Ed., 220-223.

Antoine, D., A. Morel, and J.M. André, 1995: Algal pigment distribution and primary production in the Eastern Mediterranean as derived from Coastal Zone Color Scanner observations. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16,193 - 16,209.

Antoine, D., and A. Morel, 1996: Oceanic primary production: I. Adaptation of a spectral light-photosynthesis model in view of application to satellite chlorophyll observations. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10, 43-55.

Antoine, D., J.M.André, and A. Morel, 1996: Oceanic primary production: II. Estimation at global scale from satellite (Coastal Zone Color Scanner) chlorophyll. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10, 57-69.

Aranuvachapun, S., 1984: ``Atmospheric optical depth spectrum as determined from satellite remote sensing radiance.'' In: Satellite remote sensing, Proc. 10th RSS Anniversary Conf., 219-226.

---, 1986: Satellite remote sensing of atmospheric optical depth spectrum. Workshop on Atmospheric Corrections, University of Nottingham, England, May 22, 1985. Intl. J. Remote Sens., 7, 499-514.

---, 1986: The atmospheric optical depth spectrum determined from CZCS radiance. Intl. J. Rem. Sens., 7, 105-118.

Arnone, R.A., 1984: Evaluation of CZCS and Landsat for coastal optics and water properties. Proc. 17th Intl. Symposium on Remote Sensing of the Environment, Vol. 2, Ann Arbor, Michigan, ERIM, 599-608.

---, 1987: Satellite-derived color-temperature relationship in the Alboran Sea. Rem. Sens. Environ., 23, 417-437.

Arnone, R.A., and P.E. La Violette, 1984: A method of selecting optimal angstrom coefficients to obtain quantitative ocean color data from Nimbus-7 CZCS. Ocean Optics VII, M. Blizard, Ed., SPIE, 489, 187-194.

---, and ---, 1984: Satellite definition of the bio-optical and thermal variation of coastal eddies associated with the African current. U.S. NORDA Tech. Note 291, 24 pp.

---, and R. Oriol, 1985: CZCS (Coastal Zone Color Scanner) atlas of water optical properties in the Alboran Sea. U.S. NORDA Report 117, 28 pp.

---, and P.E. La Violette, 1986: Satellite definition of the bio-optical and thermal variation of coastal eddies associated with the African current. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 2,351-2,364.

---, R.R. Bidigare, C.C. Trees, and J.M. Brooks, 1986: Comparison of the attenuation of spectral irradiance and phytoplankton pigments within frontal zones. Proc. Ocean Optics VIII, M.A. Blizard, Ed., SPIE, 126-130.

---, D.A. Wiesenburg, and K.D. Saunders, 1990: The origin and characteristics of the Algerian current. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 1,587-1,598.

---, R.A. Oriol, G. Terrie, and L. Estep, 1992: Ocean optical database. U.S. NOARL Tech. Note 254, 41 pp.

Austin, R.W., 1974: The remote sensing of spectral radiance from below the ocean surface. Optical Aspects of Oceanography, N.G. Jerlov and E. Steemann-Nielsen, Eds., Academic Press, 317-344.

Austin, R.W., 1979: Coastal zone color scanner radiometry. Ocean optics VI, SPIE, 170-177.

---, 1980: Gulf of Mexico, ocean-color surface-truth measurements. Bound.-Layer Meteorol., 18, 269-285.

---, 1993: Optical remote sensing of the oceans: BC (Before CZCS) and AC (After CZCS). Ocean Colour: Theory and Applications in a Decade of CZCS Experience, V. Barale and P. Schlittenhardt, Eds., ECSC, EEC, EAEC, Brussels and Luxembourg, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, 1-15.

---, and T.J. Petzold, 1981: The determination of the diffuse attenuation coefficient of sea water using the coastal zone color scanner. Oceanography from Space, J.F.R. Gower, Ed., Plenum Press, 239-256.

---, and B.L. McGlamery, 1983: Passive remote sensing of ocean optical propagation parameters. Propagation Factors Affecting Remote Sensing by Radio Waves, 45.1-45.11.

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Babin, M., A. Morel, and B. Gentili, 1996: Remote sensing of surface Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence: consequences of natural variations in the optical characteristics of phytoplankton and the quantum yield of chlorophyll a fluorescence. Intl. J. Remote Sens., 17, 2,417-2,448.

Baker, K.S., and R.C. Smith, 1982: Bio-optical classification and model of natural waters, 2. Limnol. Oceanogr., 27, 500-509.

---, and ---, 1990: Irradiance transmittance through the air/water interface. Ocean Optics X, R.W. Spinrad, Ed., SPIE 1302, 556-565.

Balch, W.M., and F.T. Haxo, 1984: Spectral properties of Noctiluca miliaris Suriray, a heterotrophic dinoflagellate. J. Plankton Res., 6, 515-525.

---, P.M. Holligan, S.G. Ackleson, and K.J. Voss, 1991: Biological and optical properties of mesoscale coccolithophore blooms in the Gulf of Maine. Limnol. Oceanogr., 36, 629-643.

---, ---, and K.A. Kilpatrick, 1992: Calcification, photosynthesis and growth of the bloom-forming coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. Cont. Shelf. Res., 12, 1,353-1,374.

---, R. Evans, J. Brown, G. Feldman, C. McClain, and W. Esaias, 1992: The remote sensing of ocean primary productivity---Use of a new data compilation to test satellite algorithms. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 2,279-2,293.

Bale, A.J., M.D. Toucher, R. Weaver, S.J. Hudson, and J. Aiken, 1994: Laboratory measurements of the spectral properties of estuarine suspended particles. Neth. J. Aquat. Ecol., 28, 237-244.

Ball Aerospace Systems Division, 1979: Development of the Coastal Zone Color Scanner for Nimbus 7, Volume 1: mission objectives and instrument description. Boulder, Colorado, 76 pp.

---, 1979: Development of the Coastal Zone Color Scanner for Nimbus 7, Volume 2: test and performance data, revision A. Boulder, Colorado, 99 pp.

Banse, K., and C.R. McClain, 1986: Winter blooms of phytoplanton in the Arabian Sea as observed by the Coastal Zone Color Scanner. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 34, 201-211.

---, and M. Yong, 1990: Sources of variability in satellite-derived estimates of phytoplankton production in the eastern tropical Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 7,201-7,215.

---, and D.C. English, 1993: Revision of satellite-based phytoplankton pigment data from the Arabian Sea during the northeast monsoon. Mar. Res., 2, 93-103.

---, and D.C. English, 1994: Seasonality of coastal zone color scanner phytoplankton pigment in the offshore oceans. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 7,323-7,345.

Barale, V., 1987: Remote observations of the marine environment: Spatial heterogeneity of the mesoscale ocean color field in CZCS imagery of California near-coastal waters. Rem. Sens. Environ., 22, 173-186.

---, 1991: Sea surface colour in the field of biological oceanography. Proc. European Symp. on the Role of Aerospace Technology in Oceanology, Msida, Malta, Nov. 28--Dec. 1, 1988. Intl. J. Remote Sens., 12, 781-793.

---, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, and M.C. Hendershott, 1984: Remotely sensing the surface dynamics of the Adriatic Sea. Deep-Sea Res., 31, 1,433-1,459.

---, C.R. McClain, and P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, 1986: Space and time variability of the surface color field in the northern Adriatic Sea. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 12,957-12,974.

---, and R. Wittenberg-Fay, 1986: Variability of the ocean surface color field in central California near-coastal waters as observed in a seasonal analysis of CZCS imagery. J. Mar. Res., 44, 291-316.

---, and C.C. Trees, 1987: Spatial variability of the ocean color field in CZCS imagery. COSPAR, 26th Plenary, Topical Mtg. on Oceanography from Space, Toulouse, France, June 30--July 11, 1986. Adv. Space Res., 7, 95-97, 99, 100.

---, and P. Schlittenhardt, 1993: Ocean Colour: Theory and Applications in a Decade of CZCS Experience, V. Barale and P. Schlittenhardt, Eds., ECSC, EEC, EAEC, Brussels and Luxembourg, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, 367 pp.

Barnes, R.A., and A.W. Holmes, 1993: Overview of the SeaWiFS Ocean Sensor. Proc. SPIE, 1,939, 224-232.

Bearden, P.A., 1988: Use of satellite remote sensing to determine the distribution of the Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus) in the eastern North Pacific, M.A. thesis, San Diego State University Department of Geography, 183 pp.

Bekkering, J.A., 1986: The JRC program for marine coastal monitoring. Proc. 7th Intl. Symp. on Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management, Vol. 2, Enschede, Netherlands, Aug. 25--29, 1986. Rotterdam, Netherlands, A.A. Balkema, 699-702.

Bernal, R.E., and Y.-F. Thomas, 1988: The waters in the Strait of Gibraltar: study of the quality of surface waters. Photo Interpretation: Images Aeriennes et Spatiales, 88, 11-18.

Blizard, M.A., 1984: Ocean Optics VII; Proc. of the Mtg., Monterey, California, June 25--28, 1984. SPIE, 489, 419 pp.

Blough, N.V., O.C. Zafiriou, and J. Bonilla, 1993: Optical absorption spectra of waters from the Orinoco River outflow: terrestrial input of colored organic matter to the Caribbean. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 2,271-2,278.

Bidigare, R.R., 1991: Analysis of algal chlorophylls and carotenoids. In: Marine Particles: Analysis and Characterization, D.C. Hurd and D.W. Spencer, Eds., Am. Geophys. Union, Washington, DC, 119-123.

---, M.E. Ondrusek, J.H. Morrow, and D.A. Kiefer, 1990: In vivo absorption properties of algal pigments. SPIE Ocean Optics, 1302, 290-302.

---, and ---, 1996: Spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton pigment distributions in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 43, 809-833.

Biggs, D.C., and F.E. Muller-Karger, 1994: Ship and satellite observations of chlorophyll stocks in interacting cyclone-anticyclone eddy pairs in the western Gulf of Mexico. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 7,371-7,384.

Boxall, S.R., and I.S. Robinson, 1987: Shallow sea dynamics from CZCS imagery. COSPAR, 26th Plenary, Topical Mtg. on Oceanography from Space, Toulouse, France, June 30--July 11, 1986. Adv. Space Res., 7, 37-46.

Brewer, P.G., 1986: Global Ocean Flux Study (GOFS): status of the U.S. GOFS program. EOS, Trans. AGU, 67, 827-832.

Bricaud, A., A. Morel, and L. Prieur, 1981: Absorption by dissolved organic matter of the sea (yellow substance) in the UV and visible domains. Limnol. Oceanogr., 26, 43-53.

---, and ---, 1985: Atmospheric corrections and interpretation of marine radiances in CZCS imagery: Use of a reflectance model. Oceanography from Space: Proc. of the ATP Symposium on Remote Sens., R. Chesselet, Ed., Lab. Phys. Chim. Mar., BP 8, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France, 33-50.

---, and ---, 1987: Atmospheric corrections and interpretation of marine radiances in CZCS imagery: Use of a reflectance model. Oceanol. Acta, 7, 33-50.

---, ---, and J.-M. Andre, 1987: Spatial/temporal variability of algal biomass and potential productivity in the Mauritanian upwelling zone, as estimated from CZCS data. COSPAR, 26th Plenary, Topical Mtg. on Oceanography from Space, Toulouse, France, June 30--July 11, 1986. Adv. Space Res., 7, 53-62.

Brock, J.C., C.R. McClain, M.E. Luther, and W.W. Hay, 1991: The phytoplankton bloom in the northwestern Arabian Sea during the southwest monsoon of 1979. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 20,623-20,642.

---, and ---, 1992: Interannual variability in phytoplankton blooms observed in the northwestern Arabian Sea during the southwest monsoon. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 733-750.

---, and ---, 1993: Comment on ``A note on the possible connection between the El Chichón eruption and ocean production in the northwest Arabian Sea during 1982'' by A.E. Strong. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 989.

Brown, C.W., and J.A. Yoder, 1994: Coccolithophorid blooms in the global ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 7,467-7,482.

---, and ---, 1994: Distribution pattern of coccolithophorid blooms in the western North Atlantic. Cont. Shelf. Res., 14, 175-198.

Brown, O.B., R.H. Evans, and D.B. Olson, 1983: Visible and infrared satellite remote sensing: a status report. World Meteorological Organization, WCRP Publ. Series No. 1, Vol. 2, 215-244.

---, ---, J.W. Brown, H.R. Gordon, R.C. Smith, and K.S. Baker, 1985: Phytoplankton blooming off the U.S. East Coast: A satellite description. Science, 229, 163-167.

Bukata, R.P., J.H. Jerome, J.E. Bruton, and S.C. Jain, 1980: Nonzero subsurface irradiance reflectance at 670 ,nm from Lake Ontario water masses. Appl. Opt., 19,, 2,487--2,488.

Bushnell, M., and G.A. Maul, 1982: Ocean optical data from potential OTEC sites in the Gulf of Mexico. NOAA-AOML Tech. Memo. 49, 237 pp.

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Campbell, J.W., 1989: Temporal patterns of phytoplankton abundance in the North Atlantic. COSPAR, IAMAP, 27th Scientific Committee on Oceanic Res., 27th Plenary Meeting, Symp. 1 and Topical Mtg. on the Remote Sens. of Atmosphere and Oceans, Espoo, Finland, July 18--29, 1988. Adv. Space Res., 9, 453-460.

---, and W.E. Esaias, 1983: Basis for spectral curvature algorithms in remote sensing of chlorophyll. Appl. Opt., 22, 1,084-1,093.

---, and J.E. O'Reilly, 1988: Role of satellites in estimating primary productivity on the northwest Atlantic continental shelf. Cont. Shelf Res., 8, 179-204.

---, and T. Aarup, 1992: New production in the North Atlantic derived from seasonal patterns of surface chlorophyll. Deep-Sea Res., 39, 1,669-1,694.

Caraux, D., and R.W. Austin, 1982: Coastal upwellings and Rhone River extension in the Gulf of Lions (Mediterranean Sea)---Visualization by analysis of chlorophyll frontal boundaries on the basis of Nimbus-7 CZCS radiometer data. Photo Interp., 21, 2.1-2.6. In French, English, and Spanish.

---, and ---, 1982: Remote sensing (Nimbus-7 CZCS) analysis of phytoplankton distribution in coastal waters of the Gulf of Lions (northwestern Mediterranean). Trans., Intl. Soc. for Photogrammetry and Remote Sens., Intl. Symposium, Vol. 1, Toulouse, Groupement pour le Developpement de la Teledetection Aerospatiale, 689-695.

---, and ---, 1983: Delineation of seasonal changes of chlorophyll frontal boundaries in Mediterranean coastal waters with Nimbus-7 coastal zone color scanner data. Remote Sens. Environ., 13, 239-249.

---, and ---, 1984: Multispectral satellite remote sensing of an oceanic cyclone in the northwestern Mediterranean. Intl. J. Remote Sens., 5, 855-860.

Carder, K.L., and R.G. Steward, 1985: A remote-sensing reflectance model of red-tide dinoflagellate off West Florida. Limnol. Oceanogr., 30, 286-298.

---, D.J. Collins, M.J. Perry, L.H. Clark, and J.M. Mesias, 1986: The interaction of light with phytoplankton in the marine environment. Ocean Optics VIII, P.N. Slater, Ed., 637, 42-55.

---, R.G. Steward, J.H. Paul, and G.A. Vargo, 1986: Relationships between chlorophyll and ocean color constituents as they affect remote-sensing reflectance models. Limnol. Oceanogr., 31, 403-413.

---, ---, G.R. Harvey, and P.B. Ortner, 1989: Marine humic and fulvic acids: their effects on remote sensing of ocean chlorophyll. Limnol. Oceanogr., 34, 68-81.

---, D.K. Costello, W.W. Gregg, K. Haddad, and J.M. Prospero, 1991: Determination of Saharan dust radiance and chlorophyll from CZCS imagery. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 5,369-5,378.

---, S.K. Hawes, R.G. Steward, K.A. Baker, R.C Smith, and B.G. Mitchell, 1991: Reflectance model for quantifying chlorophyll a in the presence of productivity degradation products. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 20,599-20,611.

---, P. Reinersman, R.F. Chen, F. Muller-Karger, C.O. Davis, and M. Hamilton, 1993: AVIRIS calibration and application in coastal oceanic environments. Remote Sens. Environ., 44, 205-216.

---, R.G. Steward, R.F. Chen, S. Hawes, Z. Lee, and C.O. Davis, 1993: AVIRIS calibration and application in coastal oceanic environments: Tracers of soluble and particulate constituents of the Tampa Bay coastal plume. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., 59(3), 339-344.

Catts, G.P., S. Khorram, J.E. Cloern, A.W. Knight, and S.D. DeGloria, 1985: Remote sensing of tidal chlorophyll a variations in estuaries. Int. J. Remote Sens., 6, 1,685-1,706.

Chamberlin, W.S., C.R. Booth, D.A. Kiefer, J.H. Morrow, and R.C. Murphy, 1989: Evidence for a simple relationship between natural fluorescence, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll a in the sea. Deep-Sea Res., 37, 951-973.

Chase, R.R.P., 1981: NASA's potential remote sensing capabilities that could be applied to upwelling studies. IDOE Intl. Symp. on Coastal Upwelling, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 6-8.

Chelton, D.B., and M.G. Schlax, 1991: Estimation of time averages from irregularly spaced observations: With application to coastal zone color scanner estimates of chlorophyll concentration. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 14,669-14,692.

Cicone, R., E. Crist, M. Metzler, and T. Parris, 1982: Development, implementation and evaluation of satellite-aided agricultural monitoring systems, Infrared Optics Div., ERIM, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 111 pp.

---, and M.D. Metzler, 1982: Comparison of Landsat MSS, Nimbus 7 CZCS, and NOAA 6/7 AVHRR features for land use analysis. Proc. 8th Intl. Symp. on Machine processing of remotely sensed data: Crop inventory and monitoring, IEEE Inc., New York, New York, 291-297.

---, and ---, 1984: Comparison of LANDSAT MSS, Nimbus-7 CZCS, and NOAA-7 AVHRR features for land-use analysis. Remote Sens. Environ., 14, 257-265.

Clark, D.K., 1981: Phytoplankton pigment algorithms for the Nimbus-7 CZCS. Oceanography from Space, J.F.R. Gower, Ed., Plenum Press, 227-237.

---, A.E. Strong, and E.T. Baker, 1980: Upwelled spectral radiance distribution in relation to particulate matter in sea water. Bound.-Layer Meteorol., 18, 287-298.

---, H.W. Yates, and J.W. Sherman III, 1985: Marine applications for satellite-derived ocean color imagery: From ASW to albacore tuna fishing, applications for ocean color are exploding--while the data source faces imminent electronic death. Sea Technol., 26, 35-40.

---, and J.W. Sherman III, 1986: Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner: Ocean color applications. Mar. Technol. Soc. J., 20, 43-56.

---, and N.G. Maynard, 1986: Coastal zone color scanner imagery of phytoplankton pigment distribution in Icelandic waters. Ocean Optics VIII, P.N. Slater, Ed., SPIE, 637, 350-357.

Collins, D.J., 1982: LIDAR and acoustics applications to ocean productivity, Jet Propulsion Lab Publ. 82-56, Pasadena, California, 73 pp.

---, W.-L. Yang, D.A. Kiefer, J.B. Soohoo, and C. Stallings, 1986: A model for the use of satellite remote sensing for the measurement of primary production in the ocean. Ocean Optics VIII, P.N. Slater, Ed., SPIE, 637, 335-348.

Colwell, R.N., 1986: Land applications for remote sensing from space. Space science and applications: Progress and potential. IEEE Press, New York, New York, 77-122.

Comiso, J.C., 1991: Satellite remote sensing of the Polar Oceans. J. Marine Sys., 2, 395-434.

---, N.G. Maynard, W.O. Smith, Jr., and C.W. Sullivan, 1990: Satellite ocean color studies of Antarctic ice edges in summer and autumn. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 9,481-9,496.

---, C.R. McClain, C.W. Sullivan, J.P. Ryan, and C.L. Leonard, 1993: Coastal zone color scanner pigment concentrations in the southern ocean and relationships to geophysical surface features. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 2,419-2,451.

Cracknell, A.P., 1981: Optical scanners and remote sensing of estuarine and coastal water quality. "Matching remote sensing technologies and their applications", Proc. RSS 9th Conf., University of Reading, 285-297.

---, S.M. Singh, and N. Macfarlane, 1980: Remote sensing of the North Sea using Landsat-2 MSS and Nimbus-7 CZCS data. Proc., 14th Intl. Symp. on Remote Sensing of the Environment, Vol. 3, Ann Arbor, Michigan, ERIM, 1,643-1,651.

---, and ---, 1981: Coastal zone research using remote sensing techniques (North Sea): calibration of coastal zone color scanner. Proc. EAReL--ESA symposium, Appl. of Remote Sens. Data on the Continental Shelf, N. Longdon and G. Levy, Ed., ESA-SP-167, 157-168.

---, and F.J. Vernberg, 1982: Initial plans for remote sensing of the North Sea using coastal zone colour scanner (CZCS). Processes in Marine Remote Sensing, F.P. Diemer, Ed., 243-262.

Cullen, J.J., and M.R. Lewis, 1995: Biological processes and optical measurements near the sea surface: some issues relevant to remote sensing. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 13,255-13,266.

Curran, R.J., 1972: Ocean color determination through a scattering atmosphere. Appl. Opt., 11, 1,857-1,866.

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Davis, P.A., E.R. Major, and H. Jacobowitz, 1984: Assessment of Nimbus-7 ERB short-wave scanner data by correlative analysis with narrowband CZCS data. J. Geophys. Res., 89, 5,077-5,088.

Denman, K.L., and M.R. Abbott, 1988: Time evolution of surface chlorophyll patterns from cross-spectrum analysis of satellite color images. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 6,789-6,798.

Deschamps, P.-Y., and D. Tanré, 1978: Corrections atmospheriques pour la teledetection de la couleur de l'ocean. (Atmospheric corrections of ocean color data, obtained by remote sensing.) Actes de Colloques, Centre National pour l'Exploitation des Oceans, 5, 133-140.

---, M. Herman, and D. Tanré, 1984: Modelling of the atmospheric effects and its application to the remote sensing of ocean color. Appl. Opt., 22, 3,751-3,758.

---, and M. Viollier, 1987: Algorithms for ocean colour from space and application to CZCS data. COSPAR, 26th Plenary, Topical Mtg. on Oceanography from Space, Toulouse, France, June 30--July 11, 1986. Adv. Space Res., 7, 11-19.

Deuser, W.G., F.E. Muller-Karger, and C. Hemleben, 1988: Temporal variations of particle fluxes in the deep subtropical and tropical North Atlantic---Eulerian versus Lagrangian effects. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 6,857-6,862.

---, ---, R.H. Evans, O.B. Brown, W.E. Esaias, and G.C. Feldman, 1990: Surface-ocean color and deep-ocean carbon flux: How close a connection? Deep-Sea Res., 37, 1,331-1,343.

DFVLR, Inst. fur Optoelektronik, Oberpfaffenhofen, W. Germany: Radiometric comparison of two ocean color scanners: Nimbus-7/CZCS and OSTA-1/OCE. Proc. 18th Intl. Symp. on Remote Sens. Environ., Vol. 2, Ann Arbor, Michigan, ERIM, 931-937.

Dickey, T., J. Marra, T. Granata, C. Langdon, M. Hamilton, J. Wiggert, D. Siegel, and A. Bratkovich, 1991: Concurrent high-resolution bio-optical and physical time series observations in the Sargasso Sea during the spring of 1987. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 8,643-8,663.

---, and D.A. Siegel (Eds.), 1993: Bio-Optics in U.S. JGOFS. Report of the Bio-Optics Workshop, U.S. JGOFS Planning Report No. 18, U.S. JGOFS Planning and Coordination Office, Woods Hole, MA, 180 pp.

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