One-Degree Land Cover Map derived from AVHRR Data from University of Maryland
Entry ID:
AVHRR_1DEG_NDVI
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Summary
The 1 degree global land cover data set describes the geographic distributions of eleven major cover types based on interannual variations in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard NOAA polar orbiting satellites. The eleven cover types were selected to conform with cover types ... required as input to climate models. The global land covber data set is the result of a maximum likelihood classification of the eleven cover types. The data set was based on AVHRR maximum monthly composites for 1987 of NDVI values at approximately 8 km resolution, averaged to one-by-one degree resoltuion (Los, et al 1994). A Fourier transform was applied to smooth the temporal profiles and remove low aberrant low values (Sellers, et al. 1994). The eleven cover types include: broadleaf evergreen forest coniferous evergreen forest and woodland high latitude deciduous forest and woodland tundra mixed coniferous forest and woodland wooded grassland grassland bare ground shrubs and bare ground cultivated crops broadleaf deciduous forest and woodland The database is available in binary and ASCII format and can be downloaded from: http://www.geog.umd.edu/landcover/1d-map.html The citation for this data set is: DeFries, R. S. and J. R. G. Townshend, 1994, NDVI-derived land cover classification at a global scale. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 15:3567-3586. A derivation of this data set was distributed as the land cover/vegetation type grid cell for the first International Satellite Land Surface Climatology (ISLSCP) Project on the 5-volume CD-ROM ISLSCP data set available from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC): The one-degree global land cover data set is also available as part of the NASA Earth Science Information Partnership (ESIP) program with the University of Maryland's Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF). See: http://glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/
Geographic Coverage
Spatial coordinates
N: 90.0 |
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S: -90.0 |
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E: 180.0 |
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W: -180.0 |
Data Set Citation
Dataset Creator:
DeFries, R. and J.R.G. Townshend
Dataset Title:
NDVI-derived land cover class. at a global scale
Dataset Series Name:
International J. Remote Sensing
Dataset Release Date:
1994
Issue Identification:
15
Online Resource:
http://www.geog.umd.edu/landcover/1d-map/1d-doc.html
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Temporal Coverage
Start Date:
1987-01-01
Stop Date:
1987-12-31
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Location Keywords
Data Resolution
Latitude Resolution:
1 degree
Longitude Resolution:
1 degree
Horizontal Resolution Range:
100 km - < 250 km or approximately 1 degree - < 2.5 degrees
Temporal Resolution:
annual
Temporal Resolution Range:
Annual
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Science Keywords
ISO Topic Category
Platform
Instrument
Project
Quality
The global land cover data set was modified from the original maximum likelihood classification result as follows to eliminate stray pixels that were obviously incorrectly classified: pixels falling within training areas that were not correctly classified were changed to the cover type indicated by the ... training area; pixels surrounded on all sides by a different cover type were changed to that cover type; pixels classified as broadleaf evergreen in mid-latitudes were changed to the wooded grassland cover type; pixels classified as coniferous evergreen within the tropics were changed to the broadleaf evergreen cover type; pixels classified as mixed deciduous and evergreen forest and woodland within the tropics were changed to the wooded grassland cover type. In total, these changes altered approximately 10 percent of the total land surface. Sources of Error: Wintertime NDVI values were missing for large areas in high latitudes in the primary data set used for this study (Los, et al., 1994) . For these areas, results from a maximum likelihood classification using AVHRR Pathfinder data (James and Kalluri, 1994) for summertime monthly NDVI and red reflectance values were used.
Access Constraints
None
Use Constraints
Use the following reference in citing use of this data: DeFries, R. S. and J. R. G. Townshend, 1994a, NDVI-derived land cover classification at global scales. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 15:3567-3586. Special Issue on Global Data Sets.
Ancillary Keywords
Data Set Progress
Originating Center
Data Center
Distribution
Distribution Media:
ftp, WWW
Distribution Format:
ASCII, binary
Fees:
none
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Personnel
RUTH
S.
DEFRIES
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Phone:
301-405-4884
Fax:
301-314-9299
Email:
rd63 at umail.umd.edu
Contact Address:
Laboratory for Global Remote Sensing Studies
Department of Geography
2181 LeFrak Hall
University of Maryland at College Park
City:
College Park
Province or State:
MD
Postal Code:
20742-8225
Country:
USA
GENE
R.
MAJOR
Role:
DIF AUTHOR
Email:
gsfc-gcmduso at mail.nasa.gov
JOHN
R. G.
TOWNSHEND
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Role:
TECHNICAL CONTACT
Phone:
301-405-4050
Fax:
301-314-9299
Email:
jrtownsh at geog.umd.edu
Contact Address:
Laboratory for Global Remote Sensing Studies
Department of Geography
2181 LeFrak Hall
University of Maryland at College Park
City:
College Park
Province or State:
MD
Postal Code:
20742-8225
Country:
USA
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Related URL
Publications/References
DeFries, R. S. and J. R. G. Townshend, 1994a, NDVI-derived land cover classification at global scales. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 15:3567-3586. Special Issue on Global Data Sets. DeFries, R. S. and J. R. G. Townshend, 1994b. Global land cover: comparison of ground-based data ... sets to classifications with AVHRR data. In Environmental Remote Sensing from Regional to Global Scales, edited by G. Foody and P. Curran, Environmental Remote Sensing from Regional to Global Scales. (U.K.: John Wiley and Sons). James, M. E. and S. N. V. Kalluri, 1994. The Pathfinder AVHRR land data set: An improved coarse resolution data set for terrestrial monitoring. International Journal of Remote Sensing, Special Issue on Global Data Sets. 15(17):3347-3363. Kuchler, A.W., 1983, World map of natural vegetation. Goode's World Atlas, 16th ed., Rand McNally, 16-17. Leemans, R., and W. P. Cramer, 1991, The IIASA database for mean monthly values of temperature, precipitation and cloudiness on a global terrestrial grid, technical report, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria. Los, S.O., C.O. Justice, C.J. Tucker, 1994. A global 1 by 1 degree NDVI data set for climate studies derived from the GIMMS continental NDVI data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 15(17):3493- 3518. Matthews, E., 1983. Global vegetation and land use: new high resolution data bases for climate studies. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology, 22: 474-487. Olson, J. S., Watts, J. and L. Allison, 1983. Carbon in live vegetation of major world ecosystems. W-7405-ENG-26, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Sellers, P.J., S.O. Los, C.J. Tucker, C.O. Justice, D.A. Dazlich, G.J. Collatz, and D.A. Randall, 1994. A global 1*1 degree NDVI data set for climate studies. Part 2: The generation of global fields of terrestrial biophysical parameters from the NDVI. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 15(17):3519-3545. Sellers, P.J., D.A. Randall, C.J. Collatz, J.A. Berry, C.B. Field, D.A. Dazlich, C. Zhang, and C.D. Collelo, 1995a. A revised land surface parameterization (SiB2) for atmospheric GCMs. Part 1: Model formulation. submitted to Journal of Climate. Sellers, P.J., S.O. Los, C.J. Tucker, C.O. Justice, D.A. Dazlich, G.J. Collatz, and D.A. Randall, 1995b. A revised land surface parameterization (SiB2) for atmospheric GCMs. Part 2: The generation of global fields of terrestrial biophysical parameters from satellite data. submitted to Journal of Climate. Swain, P. H. and S. M. Davis, (ed.), 1978. Remote Sensing: The Quantitative Approach. (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company). Wilson, M. F. and A. Henderson-Sellers, 1985. A global archive of land cover and soils data for use in general circulation models. Journal of Climatology, 5: 119-143.
Creation and Review Dates
Last DIF Revision Date:
2008-08-15
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