M I C R O A N A L Y S I S P R O G R A M S F O R P C This programs is in public domain and may me copied and distributed.Commercial use is prohobited without written permission. If you use this computer code in any paper an acknowledgement would be appreciated. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: - IBM PC XT,AT,PS/2 or compatible computers with min.one floppy disc and min.256 kb RAM. - CGA,EGA or VGA colour or monochrome monitor.All programs except ms15, ms16,ms19,ms21 or ms22 are runs on Hercules monochrome graphic card.This program may be with little modifications runs with Turbo Basic v.1.1 or new version of PowerBasic v.2.0 from Spectra Publishing,CA,USA. - Dot-matrix printer. - MS-DOS v.2.1 or higher. INSTALLATION: Please copy all programs in suitable directory on hard disc or on diskette. Individual programs may be run in two ways: - direct start from MS-DOS operating system. - indirect start from program menu. PROGRAMS ON DISK: - ms1.bas or ms1.exe - semi-quantitative analysis - ms2.bas or ms2.exe - no-standards or standardless analysis I - ms3.bas or ms3.exe - no-standards analysis II - ms4.bas or ms4.exe - program Frame - ms5.bas or ms5.exe - program FramePlus - ms6.bas or ms6.exe - thin film analysis I - ms7.bas or ms7.exe - thin film analysis II - ms8.bas or ms8.exe - menu Bence-Albee - ms26.bas or ms26.exe - Bence-Albee program for 15 kV and 38.5 degrees - ms27.bas or ms27.exe - Bence-Albee program for 15 kV and 52.5 degrees - ms28.bas or ms28.exe - Bence-Albee program for 20 kV and 38.5 degrees - ms29.bas or ms29.exe - Bence-Albee program for 20 kV and 52.5 degrees - ms10.bas or ms10.exe - conversion weight % - atomic % and vice versa - ms11.bas or ms11.exe - conversion weight % - stehiometric weight % oxides - ms12.bas or ms12.exe - tilt angle - ms13.bas or ms13.exe - take-off angle - ms14.bas or ms14.exe - tilt angle-take-off angle - ms15.bas or ms15.exe - Si(Li) efficiency - ms16.bas or ms16.exe - PHI-RO-Z curves - ms17.bas or ms17.exe - emission lines and absorption edges - ms18.bas or ms18.exe - periodic table - ms19.bas or ms19.exe - P-factors - ms20.bas or ms20.exe - escape peaks - ms21.bas or ms21.exe - Monte Carlo simulation-bulk samples - ms22.bas or ms22.exe - Monte Carlo simulation-thin films - ms24.bas or ms24.exe - spectrometer constants - ms25.bas or ms25.exe - installation - ms.bas or ms.exe - menu - menu.bas or menu.exe - menu - spt.dat - spectrometer constants (ASCII file) - color.dat - colour of monitor (ASCII file) - menu.dat - installation data (ASCII file) - cursor.com - cursor emulation with mouse SPECTROMETER CONSTANTS: This program we use for writting constants of EDS spetromter into file SPT.DAT.Constants are then used in microanalysis programs.Program may be run via program menu or from operating system with typing name ms24 and then Enter.Please enter your own spectrometer constants (Be window thickness,thic- kness of Au layer,thickness of Si dead layer and thickness of Si active layer Options in program are: Old Setup - for reading old spectromter constants New Setup - for setting new constants.This setting delete old setup Menu - back to main menu RUNNING INSTALLATION PROGRAM: Program ms15 we use for setting color of monitor and mode of operatin (direct or indirect).After starting program via menu or from operating system progam ask: What type of text monitor are you using ( colour/mono): for colour monitor you then enter "c" and for monochrome monitor "m".After this programs ask: Do you wish run program via menu (y/n): for indirect start via program menu please enter "y" and for direct mode of starting from operating systems please enter "n".Before you run program in direct mode you must run installation program. MS1 - SEMIQUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS PROGRAM: This program is simple semiquantitative analysis program for energy dispersive spectrometers.Program was written for use without standard samples.Maximum number of elements in program is 15 and program is valid from Na to U and K,L or M emission lines. MS2 - STANDARDLESS QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS I PROGRAM: This program is modified version of program J.Wernisch in X-Ray Spectrometry, 1985 (see this article).Program performed complete ZAF correction on pure intensity data.maximum number of elements in program is 15 and program is valid from Na to U and K or L emission lines. MS3 - STANDARDLESS ANALYSIS II PROGRAM: This program we use for quantitative no-standard analysis in EDS.Input in program are pure intensity.Program then calculates k-ratios and then performed ZAF corrections (program Frame).Maximum number of elements is 15,range of elements is from Na to U and K,L or M emission lines. MS45 - PROGRAM FRAME: This is PC version of original program from NBS.Inputs in program are k-ratios ,acc.voltage,tilt angle,number of elements,elements or oxides.Program performed complete ZAF corrections.Maximum number of elements is 15,range of elements from Na to U and K,L or M emission lines. MS5 - PROGRAM FRAMEPLUS: This program is improved version of program Frame especially in low energy range of spectrum (see Edax Editor).All inputs in program is same as in program Frame. MS6 - THIN FILM ANALYSIS I PROGRAM: This program was written on basis Cliff-Lorimer method.Program calculates k-factors,weigt and atomic percent of elements from Na to U.Program calculates k factors whithout use thin film standards.Program not performed corrections for absorption and fluorescence in thin films.Maksimum number elements is 15,range of elements is from Na to U and emmision lines K or L. MS7 - THIN FILM ANALYSIS PROGRAM: Program is written after method J.C.Russ"The Direct Element Ratio Model for Quantitative Analysis of Thin Sections" in Edax Editor.Maximum number elements is 15 and program is valid from Na to U and K or L emission lines. MS8 - PROGRAM BENCE-ALBEE: Bence-Albee program for correction pure intinsity data from EDS or WDS spectromter.See article:A.E.Bence & A.L.Albeee,Journal of Geology,1968.Program consists four Bence-Albee programs for specific analytical conditions: - for 15 kV - 38.5 degrees - for 15 kV - 52.5 degrees - for 20 kV - 38.5 degrees - for 20 kV - 52.5 degrees Programs are writen for:O,CO2,F,Na2O,MgO,Al2O3,SiO2,P2O5,SO3,Cl,K2O,CaO,TiO2, Cr2O3,MnO,FeO,CoO,NiO,CuO,ZnO,Rb2O,SrO,Y2O3,ZrO2,BaO,La2O3,Ce2O3,Pr2O3,Nd2O3, Sn2O3,Gd2O3,Dy2O3,Er2O3,HfO2,ThO2 and UO2.Program use stored alpha matrix data (see Analytical Chemistry,1971) for two different accalerating voltage and take-off angles.Input in program is pure intensity and mode for oxide standards (pure or mixed oxide standards-see appendix for mixed oxide standards),BCF (beam current factor,see Edax Editor for measuring BCF factors).In case identical measurements conditions is BCF equal one. MS10 - CONVERSION WEIGHT % INTO ATOMIC % OR ATOMIC % TO WEIGHT %: This program is written for conversion weight % to atomic percent or inverse. Maximum number elements in program is 15. MS11 - CONVERSION WEIGHT % INTO WEIGHT % OXIDE: This program we use for conversion weight % into weight % oxide.Program ask for stehiometric ratio,which is ratio between numbers of cations and anions in stehiometric oxide e.g. for CaO is 1,for SiO2 is 2,for Al2O3 is 1.5,..etc. MS12 - PROGRAM TILT ANGLE: This program we use for calculation tilt angle in scanning electron microscope (see figure in appendix). MS13 - PROGRAM TAKE-OFF ANGLE: Program is written for calculations take-off angle by energy dispersive microanalysis in scanning electron microscope.For explanation see figure in appendix. MS14 - PROGRAM FOR CALCULATION TILT ANGLE vs.TAKE OFF ANGLE: This program we used for calculation relationship between tilt angle and take- off angle in SEM. MS15 - Si(Li) X - RAY EFFICIENCIES: Program is written on basis article of N.J.Zaluzec,Edax Editor,1984 for calculations Si(Li) X-Ray efficiencies for range from 0 to 40 keV.Escape key (Esc) in program is used for stoping list of efficiencies on screen.For printing diagram on printer use screen dump utility (Shift and PrtSc) or program Pizazz 2+. MS16 - PROGRAM PHI-RO-Z CURVES: Program is written on basis article of Brown and Parobek,Maximum number elements in program is 15 and emission lines are K,L or M.Program graphically shows phi-ro-z curves for given composition of sample.Upper curve is emitted and lower curve is generated intensity in sample.For printing screen on printer use screen dump utility or program Pizazz 2+. MS17 - PROGRAM PEAK ENERGY TABLE: Peak energy table is program for calculation peak energy and absorption edges for elements in periodic table.For detailed informations see article Springer & Nolan,Canadian Journal of Spectroscopy,1977. MS18 - PROGRAM PERIODIC TABLE: Program for quick showing atomic numbers,atomic weights,density,fluorescence yields,mean ionization potencial and peak energy of elements in periodic table. MS19 - PROGRAM P-FACTORS: Program is written on basis article in Edax Editor,vol.8,no.1,page 16-18. Relative P factors for bulk samples is P=R U W F T / A and for thin films P= Q W T.P is relative factors,R is effective current factor,Q is ionization cross section,W is fluorescence yield,T is efficiency of spectrometer,F is absorption factor,A is atomic weight and U is overvoltage ratio. MS20 - PROGRAM ESCAPE PEAKS: Program use express of P.J.Statham for calculation escape peaks in energy dispersive spectrum. MS21 - PROGRAM MONTE CARLO-BULK SAMPLES: This program is modified version of program D.C.Joy which was original written for Apple computers.The new version is available on author address. MS22 - PROGRAM MONTE CARLO-THIN FILMS: This program is Monte Carlo simulation electron trajectory in thin film samples.The new version is available on author address. NOTE FOR MAC USERS: For transfering this files from PC to MAC computer exist a simple solution via serial interface and suitable software.For detail,see article of Tom Thompson: Stranger in a Strange Land, Byte,IBM Special Edition,Fall 1990,page 89 to 95. f you have any trouble or questions about this programs please write or call on address: Henrik Kaker Zelezarna Ravne Metallographic Laboratory Koroska c.14 62390 Ravne Slovenia Tel:+ 602-21-131 int.5562 Fax:+ 602-21-013