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Summary
DATA ACCESS
The TOGA COARE Data Information System distributes all TOGA COARE
information.

Link to: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/coare/

BACKGROUND

TOGA COARE was a multidisciplinary, international research effort that
investigated the scientific phenomena associated with the ... interaction
between the atmosphere and the ocean in the warm pool region of the
western Pacific. The field experiment phase of the program took place
from 1 November 1992 through 28 February 1993 and involved the
deployment of oceanographic ships and buoys, several ship and land
based Doppler radars, multiple low and high-level aircraft equipped
with Doppler radar and other airborne sensors, as well as a variety of
surface based instruments for in-situ observations.

SATELLITE INFORMATION

GMS-4 (Geostationary Meteorological Satellite) is a Japanese satellite
in geostationary orbit over the equator at approximately 140E. GMS-4
is equipped with the Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer (VISSR)
imaging sensor, which uses the spin motion of the satellite to scan
the earth in the East-West direction. GMS begins a North-South scan
every hour on the half hour, with four additional scans daily for wind
estimation. At the satellite subpoint, the visible (0.5-0.75 um)
channel has a resolution of 1.25 km and the infrared (10.5-12.5 um)
channel has a resolution of 5 km. This gives approximately 10,000
visible and 2,500 infrared lines and samples for each full-globe
image. The visible channel is digitized at 6 bits and the infrared
channel at 8 bits. The S-VISSR telemetry is transmitted digitally at
1.7 GHz with a bit rate of 660 kbps. Detailed documentation the GMS
satellite and the VISSR are given in the GMS User's Guide (see
reference).

The groups in TOGA COARE that archived GMS images are:

1) US/School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology/University
of Hawaii at Manoa

Investigator: P. Flament
Spatial Resolution: 5 km (IR, 10.5-12.5 um), 1.25 km (VIS, 0.5-0.75 um)
Coverage Period: 1992-11-01 through 1993-03-01
Coverage Area: 10S-10N, 135E-175E
Medium: CD-ROM

The telemetry from the GMS-4 geostationary satellite was captured in
Hawaii during COARE. The images were calibrated into percent albedo or
brightness temperature, regridded to the COARE domain (135E to 175E,
10S to 10N with a 5 km square pixel size), and placed on the anonymous
internet server satftp.soest.hawaii.edu less than one hour after
capture thorough the IOP. These images are now being published on a
pair of ISO-9660 Compact-Disk Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), in the form
of compressed PostScript files with graphic overlays for the
geographic grid, the gray scale wedge and the positions of the
moorings and ships. A catalog of the images captured (1,910 infrared
and 877 visible images), tools to uncompress and convert the images to
binary arrays or Sun raster files, and utilities to map the ISO-9660
names into Unix names for workstation users are also provided.

The CD-ROMs can be obtained from the TOGA COARE International
Project Office.

2) Australia/Bureau of Meteorology and US/University of Wisconsin

Investigator: C. Velden
Spatial Resolution: 5 km (IR), 1.25 km (VIS)
Temporal Resolution: Hourly
Coverage Period: 1992-11-01 through 1993-02-28
Coverage Area: IR: full disk; VIS: 15S-15N
Medium: 8mm Exabyte tapes (8 or 15 4-mm DAT tapes) in McIDASX format.

Note: This is the most complete GMS dataset for the COARE IOP:

GMS satellite data were obtained from the Australian Bureau of
Meteorology (BoM, Melbourne) for the entire TOGA COARE IOP and
reprocessed in McIDASX file format. The images have been carefully
checked, and renavigated when necessary. 82% of all the hourly images
for this period have been recovered. Images that were either missing
or corrupted in the BoM dataset were replaced with images provided by
the National Central University, Taiwan (see below).

A software package, called MERLIN, is freely available through
anonymous ftp and allows basic functions of the McIDAS software. A
TOGA COARE subroutine added to the standard MERLIN package allows
conversion of McIDAS files to raster-type files for more general
use. For information on MERLIN, see Appendix below.

The University of Wisconsin also produced a videotape showing animated
satellite imagery for the COARE IOP. The VHS video contains three
separate segments:

- a large-scale overview, showing lower-resolution GMS infrared (IR)
imagery in animation for the November-December and January-February
periods. The imagery covers a large area (almost full-disk) and is
presented at 6-hour intervals;
- COARE-domain overview, showing loops of the highest-resolution GMS
IR for month-long segments during COARE;
- a series of selected animated satellite observations.

Requests for copies of this video, in any international format, and
the full set of GMS images (IR and VIS), should be addressed to the
TCIPO.

3) Japan/Meteorological Research Institute

Investigator: T. Nakazawa
Spatial Resolution: approximately 11 km
Temporal Resolution: hourly
Coverage Period: 1992-11-01 through 1993-03-01
Coverage Area: 15N - 15S, 130E - 180
Medium: one CD-ROM

To obtain a copy of the CD-ROM contact Tetsuo Nakazawa at MRI.

4) Taiwan/Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research/National
Central University

Spatial resolution: 5 km (IR)
Coverage Area: Centered at 0N 140E
Medium: 8 mm tape, 5 GB

Note: two fortran programs are also available (latlon.f for calculation
of latitude and longitude of the COARE area; gmstmp.f for conversion of
digital count to temperature).

The data are available from the TOGA COARE International Project
Office.

5) Taiwan/Department of Atmospheric Sciences/National Taiwan
University

Investigator: H. Hsu

Dr. Hsu provides a hard-copy atlas of twice-daily satellite images
received by the Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan, Republic of China
together with 2.5 x 2.5 Basic Level-III data (30N-30S, 90E-180)
from the ECMWF/TOGA model. These cover 31 Oct 1992 through 28 Feb 93.

To obtain a copy, contact Huang-Hsiung Hsu at National Taiwan University.

Geographic Coverage Spatial coordinates   

N: 30.0

S: -30.0

E: 180.0

W: 120.0

Temporal Coverage

Start Date: 1992-11-01 Stop Date: 1993-02-28

Location Keywords

GEOGRAPHIC REGION > EQUATORIAL OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN VERTICAL LOCATION > TROPOSPHERE

Science Keywords

ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA > STORMS ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > AIR TEMPERATURE ATMOSPHERE > CLOUDS > CLOUD AMOUNT/FREQUENCY ATMOSPHERE > CLOUDS > CLOUD TYPES ATMOSPHERE > PRECIPITATION > PRECIPITATION AMOUNT ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION > ALBEDO SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING > INFRARED WAVELENGTHS > INFRARED IMAGERY SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING > VISIBLE WAVELENGTHS > VISIBLE IMAGERY

ISO Topic Category

CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE IMAGERY/BASE MAPS/EARTH COVER

Platform

GMS-4 > Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-4

Instrument

RADIOMETERS VISSR > Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer

Project

TOGA COARE > TOGA Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment

Ancillary Keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION ATMOSPHERIC EXPERIMENT BOM CD-ROM COARE CONVECTION CONVECTIVE EXABYTE TAPE FTP GLOBAL GLOBAL ANALYSES GMS IDN_NODE GSFC/TCIPO IFA IMAGERY INTENSIVE FLUX ARRAY INTENSIVE OBSERVING PERIOD IOP JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY LARGE-SCALE CIRCULATION LARGE-SCALE DOMAIN LSA MCIDAS MESOSCALE METEOROLOGY NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY SATELLITE SOEST TOGA TOGA COARE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN WARM POOL WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN WWW

Originating Center

TCIPO

Data Center

Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Japan Data Center URL: http://www.mri-jma.go.jp/ Data Center Personnel Name: TETSUO NAKAZAWA Phone: (81) 298-53-8669 Phone: (81) 298-55-2683 Email: nakazawa at mri-jma.go.jp Contact Address: Meteorological Research Institute Japan Meteorological Agency 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba City: Ibarraki Postal Code: 305 Country: JAPAN Department of Atmospheric Science, National Taiwan University Data Center URL: http://www.as.ntu.edu.tw/www-eng/index.htm Data Center Personnel Name: HUANG-HSIUNG HSU Phone: (886) 2-3654298 Fax: (886) 2-3633642 Email: hsu at asalpha1.as.ntu.edu.tw Contact Address: Department of Atmospheric Sciences National Taiwan University 61, Ln 144, Sec 4 Keelung Rd City: Taipei Postal Code: 10772 Country: Taiwan TOGA COARE Data Information System, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Data Center URL: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/coare/ Dataset ID: gms_bom_exab Dataset ID: gms_ntu_exab Dataset ID: gms_soest_cdrom Dataset ID: gms_ssec_video Data Center Personnel Name: DAVID P. SMITH Phone: 828-271-4053 Fax: 828-271-4022 Email: David.P.Smith at noaa.gov Contact Address: National Climatic Data Center Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue City: ASHEVILLE Province or State: NC Postal Code: 28801-5001 Country: USA Department of Oceanography, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii Data Center URL: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/oceanography/ Data Center Personnel Name: PIERRE FLAMENT Phone: 808-956-9225 Email: flament at soest.hawaii.edu Contact Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Oceanography 1000 Pope Road City: Honolulu Province or State: HI Postal Code: 96822 Country: USA

Distribution

Distribution Media: ftp (compressed, tar)

Personnel

SCOTT A. RITZ Role: DIF AUTHOR Phone: 301-614-5126 Fax: 301-614-5268 Email: Scott.A.Ritz at nasa.gov Contact Address: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Global Change Master Directory City: Greenbelt Province or State: Maryland Postal Code: 20771 Country: USA PIERRE FLAMENT Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: 808-956-9225 Email: flament at soest.hawaii.edu Contact Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Oceanography 1000 Pope Road City: Honolulu Province or State: HI Postal Code: 96822 Country: USA HUANG-HSIUNG HSU Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: (886) 2-3654298 Fax: (886) 2-3633642 Email: hsu at asalpha1.as.ntu.edu.tw Contact Address: Department of Atmospheric Sciences National Taiwan University 61, Ln 144, Sec 4 Keelung Rd City: Taipei Postal Code: 10772 Country: Taiwan TETSUO NAKAZAWA Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: (81) 298-53-8669 Phone: (81) 298-55-2683 Email: nakazawa at mri-jma.go.jp Contact Address: Meteorological Research Institute Japan Meteorological Agency 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba City: Ibarraki Postal Code: 305 Country: JAPAN CHRIS VELDEN Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: (605) 262-5974 Phone: (605) 262-9168 Email: chrisv at ssec.wisc.edu Contact Address: Space Science and Engineering Center University of Wisconsin 1225 W Dayton Street, Rm 253 City: Madison Province or State: WI Postal Code: 53706 Country: USA

Related URL

Link: GET DATA Description: Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS) images are available on one CD-ROM from Tetsuo Nakazawa at the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), Japan.

Publications/References
Flament, P., and R. Bernstein, 1993: Images from the GMS-4 Satellite
during TOGA-COARE, November 1992 to February 1993. Soest Technical
Report 93-12.

Meteorological Satellite Center, 1989: GMS User's Guide (second
edition. Tokyo, Japan.

TOGA COARE International Project Office (TCIPO), 1992: TOGA ... COARE
Operations Plan, Working Version September 1992. University
Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, 138 pp.

TOGA COARE International Project Office (TCIPO), 1993: TOGA COARE
Intensive Observing Period Operations Summary. University Corporation
for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, 505 pp.

TOGA COARE International Project Office (TCIPO), 1994: Summary Report
of the TOGA COARE International Data Workshop, Toulouse, France, 2 -
11 August 1994, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, CO 80307, 170 pp.

Webster, P.J., and R. Lukas, 1992: TOGA COARE: The Coupled Ocean-
Atmosphere Response Experiment. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 73, 1377-1416.

World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), 1985: Scientific Plan for the
TOGA Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment. WCRP Publications
Series, No. 3 Addendum, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, 96 pp.

Creation and Review Dates

Last DIF Revision Date: 2009-01-08

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