09/06/00 1
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 43432 16.9 32.1 32.0 31.8
Age
15 to 24 years 5848 34.6 36.7 36.5 36.1
25 to 44 years 16164 11.6 14.0 13.9 13.8
45 to 54 years 6257 13.6 19.0 18.9 18.7
55 to 64 years 4522 19.6 32.5 32.3 32.0
65 years and over 10641 16.0 64.7 64.5 64.4
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 36086 15.9 29.9 29.7 29.5
Inside central cities 16539 18.0 30.7 30.5 30.4
Outside central cities 19547 14.1 29.2 29.0 28.8
Outside metropolitan areas 7346 21.9 43.1 43.1 42.9
Region
Northeast 8619 15.4 35.1 34.9 34.6
Midwest 9887 15.7 31.9 31.9 31.7
South 14444 18.6 32.9 32.8 32.8
West 10483 17.0 28.7 28.5 28.3
09/06/00 2
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 43191 16.5 31.8 31.7 31.5
18 to 24 years old 5606 32.3 34.3 34.1 33.6
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 794 53.4 54.6 54.5 54.1
25 years old and over 37585 14.2 31.4 31.3 31.1
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 6695 31.9 67.8 67.6 67.3
High school graduate, no college 11778 14.5 34.5 34.5 34.3
College: Less than bachelor's degree 9176 10.2 23.0 22.8 22.6
Bachelor's degree or more 9936 5.4 11.0 10.9 10.9
Work Experience in 1999-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 31605 15.5 19.9 19.8 19.6
Worked at full-time jobs 23973 5.4 5.9 5.8 5.7
50 to 52 weeks 19780 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2
Worked at part-time jobs 3164 30.3 36.9 36.6 35.6
Did not work 4468 59.5 83.2 83.0 83.0
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 1975 61.4 92.6 92.6 92.5
AFDC or other non-SSI 246 64.0 79.8 79.8 79.8
SSI 1776 61.0 94.5 94.5 94.4
Food stamps 1761 62.3 85.1 84.9 84.7
Housing assistance 2227 44.5 81.8 81.2 81.0
Energy assistance 1048 53.3 87.9 87.9 87.6
09/06/00 3
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Food stamps and cash assistance 816 75.2 94.9 94.9 94.9
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 21924 4.0 9.4 9.4 9.0
Medicare 11704 18.4 68.0 67.8 67.7
Also Medicaid 2002 47.3 91.1 91.0 91.0
Medicaid 3616 51.0 83.3 83.2 83.1
Not covered by:
Health insurance 7974 34.0 36.3 36.2 36.2
09/06/00 4
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.8 18.5
Age
15 to 24 years 37.9 38.1 38.1 38.8 36.7
25 to 44 years 14.5 14.6 14.6 14.7 13.0
45 to 54 years 19.2 19.3 19.2 19.5 15.2
55 to 64 years 32.4 32.8 32.6 33.0 22.1
65 years and over 64.6 64.6 64.6 64.7 17.3
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.5 17.4
Inside central cities 31.0 31.1 31.1 31.4 19.8
Outside central cities 29.4 29.5 29.4 29.7 15.3
Outside metropolitan areas 44.0 44.1 44.1 44.3 24.1
Region
Northeast 35.2 35.3 35.2 35.5 16.8
Midwest 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.8 17.0
South 33.4 33.6 33.6 33.8 20.4
West 29.0 29.1 29.1 29.2 18.8
09/06/00 5
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.5 18.1
18 to 24 years old 35.5 35.7 35.7 36.5 34.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 55.8 55.8 55.8 56.9 56.4
25 years old and over 31.6 31.7 31.7 31.9 15.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 68.1 68.3 68.2 68.4 35.7
High school graduate, no college 34.8 34.9 34.8 35.1 16.1
College: Less than bachelor's degree 23.1 23.3 23.2 23.5 11.2
Bachelor's degree or more 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.2 5.8
Work Experience in 1999-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 20.4 20.5 20.5 20.8 17.2
Worked at full-time jobs 6.4 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.1
50 to 52 weeks 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.6
Worked at part-time jobs 37.7 38.1 37.9 38.8 33.4
Did not work 83.0 83.2 83.2 83.3 65.4
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 92.7 92.7 92.7 92.9 82.5
AFDC or other non-SSI 81.2 81.2 81.2 81.7 73.1
SSI 94.4 94.4 94.4 94.6 84.0
Food stamps 85.7 85.7 85.7 85.9 70.1
Housing assistance 81.8 81.9 81.9 82.0 51.1
Energy assistance 88.6 88.6 88.6 88.9 59.7
09/06/00 6
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Food stamps and cash assistance 94.9 94.9 94.9 95.0 90.7
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 9.2 9.3 9.2 9.3 3.9
Medicare 67.9 67.9 67.9 68.1 20.6
Also Medicaid 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 57.6
Medicaid 83.5 83.5 83.5 83.8 62.2
Not covered by:
Health insurance 38.3 38.7 38.6 39.3 36.7
09/06/00 7
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 17.7 17.7 16.7 16.3 15.1
Age
15 to 24 years 36.6 36.6 36.4 36.1 35.7
25 to 44 years 12.7 12.7 11.9 11.5 10.9
45 to 54 years 14.6 14.6 13.5 12.7 11.6
55 to 64 years 20.9 20.9 19.1 18.4 16.3
65 years and over 15.3 15.3 14.0 13.7 11.8
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 16.6 16.6 15.7 15.3 14.4
Inside central cities 19.1 19.1 17.7 17.2 15.9
Outside central cities 14.5 14.5 14.0 13.8 13.2
Outside metropolitan areas 23.0 23.0 21.7 20.9 18.7
Region
Northeast 15.7 15.7 14.4 13.7 12.3
Midwest 16.3 16.3 15.6 15.3 14.2
South 19.4 19.4 18.6 18.2 16.6
West 18.4 18.4 17.0 16.7 16.2
09/06/00 8
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 17.3 17.3 16.3 15.9 14.7
18 to 24 years old 34.4 34.4 34.1 33.8 33.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 56.4 56.4 55.2 54.4 54.0
25 years old and over 14.8 14.8 13.6 13.2 11.9
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 32.9 32.9 29.6 28.3 24.5
High school graduate, no college 15.2 15.2 14.3 13.7 12.6
College: Less than bachelor's degree 10.7 10.7 10.1 9.9 9.2
Bachelor's degree or more 5.8 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.2
Work Experience in 1999-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 16.8 16.8 15.9 15.4 14.4
Worked at full-time jobs 6.1 6.1 6.0 6.0 5.8
50 to 52 weeks 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5
Worked at part-time jobs 33.2 33.2 32.3 31.5 30.7
Did not work 62.3 62.3 57.1 54.2 49.1
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 75.7 75.7 54.8 47.7 33.3
AFDC or other non-SSI 72.6 72.6 62.0 57.1 49.7
SSI 76.5 76.5 53.8 46.3 31.0
Food stamps 64.5 64.5 56.6 52.1 36.1
Housing assistance 43.6 43.6 35.6 31.6 15.1
Energy assistance 56.2 56.2 49.8 47.5 38.3
09/06/00 9
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Food stamps and cash assistance 84.0 84.0 67.0 59.0 37.0
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.6
Medicare 17.5 17.5 15.6 15.2 12.7
Also Medicaid 48.7 48.7 38.2 36.3 25.7
Medicaid 57.3 57.3 46.2 41.0 31.5
Not covered by:
Health insurance 36.7 36.7 36.6 36.6 36.0
09/06/00 10
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 13.5 15.6 17.9 17.8
Age
15 to 24 years 35.7 36.0 37.3 37.3
25 to 44 years 10.6 11.3 12.6 12.5
45 to 54 years 10.6 11.9 14.6 14.5
55 to 64 years 13.6 16.7 20.5 20.3
65 years and over 7.4 12.7 16.0 16.0
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 13.1 14.8 16.8 16.7
Inside central cities 14.8 16.3 18.8 18.7
Outside central cities 11.6 13.6 15.0 14.9
Outside metropolitan areas 15.6 19.5 23.4 23.3
Region
Northeast 11.2 12.8 16.3 16.2
Midwest 13.2 14.7 16.7 16.5
South 14.0 17.2 19.5 19.5
West 14.9 16.7 18.0 17.9
09/06/00 11
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 13.1 15.2 17.5 17.4
18 to 24 years old 33.4 33.7 35.1 35.1
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 54.0 54.9 55.7 55.7
25 years old and over 10.0 12.5 14.8 14.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 20.1 26.0 32.7 32.6
High school graduate, no college 10.7 13.2 15.5 15.3
College: Less than bachelor's degree 7.8 9.3 10.9 10.7
Bachelor's degree or more 4.6 5.3 5.7 5.7
Work Experience in 1999-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 13.7 14.8 16.8 16.7
Worked at full-time jobs 5.7 5.9 6.5 6.4
50 to 52 weeks 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.8
Worked at part-time jobs 29.3 31.4 34.0 33.7
Did not work 45.9 51.1 59.6 59.6
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 25.9 37.5 61.6 61.2
AFDC or other non-SSI 47.1 50.8 65.5 64.0
SSI 23.0 35.7 61.0 60.7
Food stamps 30.5 38.0 63.4 63.1
Housing assistance 15.1 15.3 45.2 44.9
Energy assistance 30.2 39.0 53.6 53.3
09/06/00 12
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Food stamps and cash assistance 28.5 39.2 75.4 75.2
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 3.2 3.6 4.5 4.4
Medicare 8.5 14.0 18.5 18.4
Also Medicaid 17.9 28.8 47.6 47.3
Medicaid 26.3 35.3 51.7 51.4
Not covered by:
Health insurance 34.6 36.0 36.8 36.6
09/06/00 13
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 7344 13950 13897 13811 14100 14152 14127 14251 8043
Age
15 to 24 years 2026 2146 2134 2109 2218 2226 2226 2271 2147
25 to 44 years 1880 2261 2255 2228 2342 2363 2352 2380 2104
45 to 54 years 848 1189 1180 1171 1204 1210 1203 1217 954
55 to 64 years 884 1468 1461 1447 1467 1484 1476 1494 1001
65 years and over 1706 6886 6867 6856 6869 6869 6869 6889 1837
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 5738 10781 10728 10657 10866 10909 10886 10997 6272
Inside central cities 2973 5076 5051 5030 5125 5143 5136 5188 3280
Outside central cities 2765 5705 5677 5627 5742 5766 5750 5810 2992
Outside metropolitan areas 1607 3169 3169 3155 3234 3243 3241 3254 1771
Region
Northeast 1325 3028 3011 2985 3033 3040 3030 3057 1448
Midwest 1551 3151 3155 3129 3201 3202 3200 3244 1678
South 2687 4759 4739 4732 4830 4855 4852 4886 2942
West 1781 3012 2991 2965 3036 3054 3046 3064 1975
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 7128 13726 13673 13587 13875 13926 13902 14026 7827
18 to 24 years old 1810 1922 1910 1885 1993 2000 2000 2046 1931
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 424 434 433 429 443 443 443 452 447
25 years old and over 5318 11804 11763 11702 11882 11926 11901 11980 5896
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2134 4541 4526 4505 4561 4572 4565 4580 2392
High school graduate, no college 1710 4065 4063 4041 4101 4113 4101 4135 1896
College: Less than bachelor's degree 934 2107 2090 2076 2121 2139 2133 2154 1026
09/06/00 14
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Bachelor's degree or more 541 1091 1084 1080 1099 1102 1102 1112 581
Work Experience in 1999-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 4911 6296 6270 6199 6444 6495 6470 6561 5451
Worked at full-time jobs 1294 1414 1402 1362 1540 1571 1554 1613 1474
50 to 52 weeks 441 456 453 427 511 517 508 547 522
Worked at part-time jobs 959 1167 1157 1127 1194 1206 1199 1227 1056
Did not work 2659 3716 3710 3710 3710 3717 3717 3721 2920
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 1212 1828 1828 1827 1830 1830 1830 1834 1629
AFDC or other non-SSI 157 196 196 196 200 200 200 201 180
SSI 1082 1678 1678 1677 1677 1677 1677 1680 1491
Food stamps 1096 1499 1495 1492 1508 1508 1508 1512 1234
Housing assistance 991 1823 1808 1804 1822 1825 1825 1827 1138
Energy assistance 559 922 922 918 929 929 929 931 626
Food stamps and cash assistance 613 774 774 774 774 774 774 775 740
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 867 2070 2058 1973 2018 2034 2012 2038 862
Medicare 2154 7957 7939 7926 7946 7946 7946 7967 2409
Also Medicaid 947 1825 1822 1822 1822 1822 1822 1822 1154
Medicaid 1844 3013 3010 3006 3021 3021 3021 3031 2251
Not covered by:
Health insurance 2712 2895 2887 2887 3053 3082 3079 3136 2923
09/06/00 15
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 7687 7687 7253 7065 6567 5863 6788 7763 7719
Age
15 to 24 years 2142 2142 2130 2111 2089 2087 2108 2183 2183
25 to 44 years 2055 2055 1931 1865 1755 1706 1823 2044 2013
45 to 54 years 914 914 844 796 725 666 744 911 905
55 to 64 years 945 945 862 831 738 615 758 927 920
65 years and over 1630 1630 1486 1462 1260 788 1356 1697 1697
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 5999 5999 5661 5527 5196 4713 5355 6047 6009
Inside central cities 3155 3155 2925 2837 2624 2448 2693 3115 3093
Outside central cities 2843 2843 2736 2689 2572 2265 2662 2933 2916
Outside metropolitan areas 1688 1688 1592 1538 1372 1150 1434 1716 1709
Region
Northeast 1352 1352 1245 1178 1061 964 1107 1409 1398
Midwest 1607 1607 1545 1508 1409 1307 1458 1653 1631
South 2803 2803 2683 2630 2399 2025 2478 2817 2812
West 1925 1925 1781 1749 1699 1566 1746 1884 1878
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 7470 7470 7037 6849 6351 5646 6572 7547 7503
18 to 24 years old 1926 1926 1914 1895 1873 1871 1891 1967 1967
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 447 447 438 432 428 428 436 442 442
25 years old and over 5544 5544 5123 4954 4478 3776 4681 5580 5536
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2201 2201 1980 1896 1640 1344 1743 2190 2183
High school graduate, no college 1793 1793 1679 1617 1479 1261 1558 1827 1804
College: Less than bachelor's degree 978 978 923 908 841 713 856 997 986
09/06/00 16
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999-X1 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Bachelor's degree or more 573 573 541 532 517 458 524 566 563
Work Experience in 1999-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 5305 5305 5018 4854 4567 4334 4687 5307 5263
Worked at full-time jobs 1474 1474 1445 1432 1401 1356 1413 1565 1532
50 to 52 weeks 522 522 516 510 495 470 503 575 561
Worked at part-time jobs 1050 1050 1023 998 970 926 993 1077 1066
Did not work 2782 2782 2550 2423 2195 2052 2282 2665 2665
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 1495 1495 1082 942 657 512 740 1217 1208
AFDC or other non-SSI 179 179 153 140 122 116 125 161 157
SSI 1358 1358 955 822 551 408 633 1084 1079
Food stamps 1135 1135 996 918 635 537 670 1117 1111
Housing assistance 972 972 793 704 336 336 341 1006 1000
Energy assistance 589 589 522 497 402 317 409 562 558
Food stamps and cash assistance 685 685 547 482 302 233 320 616 613
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 850 850 833 828 795 700 798 989 971
Medicare 2052 2052 1823 1785 1488 994 1633 2160 2155
Also Medicaid 975 975 765 728 516 358 577 953 947
Medicaid 2072 2072 1671 1483 1140 952 1278 1871 1859
Not covered by:
Health insurance 2923 2923 2919 2919 2870 2762 2870 2931 2919