U.S. Dept Commerce/NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC/Publications
NOAA-NMFS-NWFSC TM-35: Chinook Status Review

CITATIONS

Aguilar, B. 1995. Capture and coded-wire tagging of naturally produced chinook salmon in the Trinity River Basin. Chapter II Job II. Calif. Dep. Fish Game, Inland Fish. Div., p. 35-52. (Available from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 Ninth St., Sacramento, CA 95814.)

Aguilar, B., L.D. Davis, L. Hanson, B. Collins, M. Zuspan, W. Sinnen, M. Dean, and R. Reavis. 1996. Annual report: Trinity River basin salmon and steelhead monitoring project. 1993-1994 season. Calif. Dep. Fish Game, Inland Fish. Div., 266 p. (Available from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 Ninth St., Sacramento, CA 95814.)

Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADFG). 1997. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon by F. Rue, February 1997, 9 p. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

Alderdice, D.F., and F.P.T. Velsen. 1978. Relation between temperature and incubation time for eggs of chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 35:69-75.

Allan, R. 1996. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon: Sol Duc Salmon Hatchery data. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

Allendorf, F.W., and N. Ryman. 1987. Genetic management of hatchery stocks. In N. Ryman and F. Utter (eds.), Population genetics & fishery management, p. 141-159. Univ. Wash. Press, Seattle.

Allendorf, F.W., D. Bayles, D.L. Bottom, K.P. Currens, C.A. Frissel, D. Hankin, J.A. Lichatowich, W. Nehlsen, P.C. Trotter, and T.H. Williams. 1997. Prioritizing Pacific Salmon Stocks for Conservation. Conserv. Biol. 11(1): 140-152.

Appleby, A., and K. Keown. 1994. History of White River spring chinook broodstocking and captive rearing efforts. Wash. Dep. Fish Wildl., 53 p. (Available from Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, 600 Capitol Way N., Olympia, WA 98501-1091.)

Appleby, A., and K. Keown. 1995. History of White River spring chinook broodstock and captive brood rearing efforts. In T. A. Flagg and C. V. W. Mahnaken (eds.), An assessment of the status of captive broodstock technology for Pacific salmon, p. 1-32. Report to the Bonneville Power Administration. (Available from Bonneville Power Administration, Division of Fish and Wildlife, P.O. Box 3621, Portland, OR 97208.)

Ashbrook, C., and H.J. Fuss. 1996. Hatchery operation plans and performance summaries, Vol. 11, No. 2 Coast. Annual Report. Wash. Dept. Fish Wild., Assess. Develop. Div., Olympia. (Available from Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, 600 Capitol Way N., Olympia, WA 98501-1091.)

Atkinson, C.E. 1960. Fisheries research: its organization and program within the USSR. U. S. Bur. Fish., Seattle, WA.

Bakun, A. 1973. Coastal upwelling indices, west of North America, 1946-71. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-671, 163 p. (Available from Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112.)

Bakun, A. 1975. Daily and weekly upwelling indices, West Coast of North America, 1967-73. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-693, 114 p. (Available from Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112.)

Banks, M.A., B.A. Baldwin, S.M. Blankenship, and D. Hedgecock. 1996. Unpublished data transmitted to NMFS 30 January 1996 from the Bodega Marine Laboratory, Bodega Bay, California. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Ste. 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

Barnhart, R.A. 1995. Salmon and steelhead populations of the Klamath-Trinity Basin, California. In T. J. Hassler (ed.), Klamath Basin Fisheries Symposium, p. 73-97. California Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA. (Available from California Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521.)

Bartlett, H. 1995. Summary report for Methow Basin spring chinook salmon hatchery program. Wash. Dep. Fish Wildl., H96-03, 46 p. (Available from Douglas County Public Utility District, 1151 Valley Mall Parkway, East Wenatchee, WA 98802-4497.)

Bartlett, H., and B. Bugert. 1994. Methow River Basin spring chinook salmon hatchery program evaluation. 1992 Annual Report. Wash. Dep. Fish Wildl., 35 p. (Available from Douglas Public Utility District, 1151 Valley Mall Parkway, East Wenatchee, WA 98802-4497.)

Bartley, D., B. Bentley, J. Brodziak, R. Gomulkiewicz, M. Mangel, and G.A.E. Gall. 1992. Geographic variation in population genetic structure of chinook salmon from California and Oregon. Fish. Bull., U.S. 90:77-100.

Bartley, D.M., and G.A.E. Gall. 1990. Genetic structure and gene flow in chinook salmon populations of California. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 119:55-71.

Bartley, D.M., G.A.E. Gall, and D.B. Bentley. 1990. Biochemical genetic detection of natural and artificial hybridization of chinook and coho salmon in northern California. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 119:431-437.

Beacham, T.D., and C.B. Murray. 1985. Effect of female size, egg size, and water temperature on developmental biology of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from the Nitinat River, British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42:1755-1765.

Beacham, T.D., and C.B. Murray. 1987. Adaptive variation in body size, age, morphology, egg size, and developmental biology of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Res. 44:244-261.

Beacham, T.D., and C.B. Murray. 1989. Variation in developmental biology of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) in British Columbia. Can. J. Zool. 67:2081-2089.

Beacham, T.D., C.B. Murray, and R.E. Withler. 1989. Age, morphology, and biochemical genetic variation of Yukon River chinook salmon. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 118:46-63.

Beacham, T.D., R.E. Withler, and T.A. Stevens. 1996. Stock identification of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) using minisatellite DNA variation. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:380-394.

Beamish, R.J., and D.R. Bouillon. 1993. Pacific salmon production trends in relation to climate. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:1002-1016.

Beamesderfer, R.C.P., H.P. Schaller, M.P. Zimmerman, C.E. Petrosky, O.P. Langness, and L. LaVoy. 1997. Spawner-recruit data for spring and summer chinook salmon populations in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Unpublished draft manuscript dated 6/23/97, 78 p. (Compiled and edited by ESSA Technologies Ltd., Vancouver, B.C.)

Beauchamp, D.A., D.E. Pflug, and G. Lucchetti. 1987. Snohomish River juvenile salmon outmigration study 1987. Tulalip Tribal Fisheries, 126 p. (Available from Tulalip Fisheries, 7615 Totem Beach Rd., Marysville, WA 98271.)

Bennett, D.E. 1988. Willamette River spring chinook run. Oreg. Dep. Fish Wildl., 88-031, 34 p. (Available from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2501 SW First Avenue, PO Box 59, Portland, OR 97207.)

Bennett, D.E. 1994. The 1993 Willamette River spring chinook salmon run, fisheries, and passage at Willamette Falls. Oreg. Dep. Fish Wildl. (Available from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2501 SW First Avenue, PO Box 59, Portland, OR 97207.)

Berg, W.J., and S.D. Ferris. 1984. Restriction endoneuclease analysis of salmonid mitochondrial DNA. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41:1041-1047.

Berman, C.H., and T.P. Quinn. 1991. Behavioral thermoregulation and homing by spring chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, in the Yakima River. J. Fish Biol. 39:301-312.

Big Eagle & Associates, and LGL Limited (BE and LGL). 1995. Chinook salmon catch, escapement, and historical abundance data. Report prepared for NOAA, NMFS, Northwest Fisheries Science Center. (Available from Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112.)

Bishop, S., and A. Morgan, (eds.). 1996. Critical habitat issues by basin for natural chinook salmon stocks in the coastal and Puget Sound areas of Washington State. Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, Olympia, WA, 105 p. (Available from Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, 6730 Martin Way E., Olympia, WA 98506.)

Bishop, S.M. 1995. Distribution of west coast chinook stocks or hatchery groups. Report submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon August 1995. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

Bisson, P.A., G.H. Reeves, R.E. Bilby, and R.J. Naiman. 1997. Watershed management and Pacific salmon: desired future conditions. In D.J. Stouder, P.A. Bisson, and RJ. Naiman (eds.), Pacific salmon and their ecosystems: status and future options, p. 447-474. Chapman and Hall, New York.

Bjornn, T.C. 1971. Trout and salmon movements in two Idaho streams as related to temperature, food, stream flow, cover, and population density. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 100:423-428.

Bjornn, T.C. 1997. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon. T. Bjornn, 16 February 1997, 3 p. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

Bjornn, T.C., D. Ortmann, D. Corley, and W. Platts. 1964. Salmon and steelhead investigations, Job 3: The gathering and compilation of relevant data for Idaho salmon and steelhead runs (salmon spawning ground surveys-1963). Idaho Dep. Fish Game. (Available from Idaho Department of Fish and Game, 600 South Walnut, Box 25, Boise, ID 83707-0025.)

Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), and Yakama Indian Nation (YIN). 1996. Yakima fisheries project. Final environmental impact statement. DOE/EIS-0169, 152 p. (Available from Bonneville Power Administration, Public Involvement Manager, P.O. Box 12999, Portland, OR 97212.)

Bottom, D.L., P.J. Howell, and J.D. Rodgers. 1985. The effects of stream alterations on salmon and trout habitat in Oregon. Oreg. Dep. Fish Wildl., Portland, OR, 70 p. (Available from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, P.O. Box 59, Portland, OR 97207.)

Bouck, G.R., A.V. Nebeker, and D.G. Stevens. 1975. Effects of holding temperatures on reproductive development in adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Annual Northwest Fish Culture Conference, Otter Rock, OR, 17 p. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

Bowers, G.M. 1900. A Manual of fish culture, based on the methods of the United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, with chapters on the cultivation of oysters and frogs. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 340 p.

Bowles, E., and E. Leitzinger. 1991. Salmon supplementation studies in Idaho Rivers. Project No. 899882. Bonn. Power Administration, 167 p. + app. (Available from Bonneville Power Administration, Division of Fish and Wildlife, P.O. Box 3621, Portland, OR 97208.)

Bradford, M.J. 1994. Trends in the abundance of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) of the Nechako River, British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:965-973.

Brannon, E.L., and W.K. Hershberger. 1984. Elwha River fall chinook salmon. In J.M.Walton and D.B. Houton (eds.), Proceedings of Olympic wild fish conference, p. 169-172. Port Angeles, WA.

Brannon, E.L., and A. Setter. 1987. Marine distribution of a hatchery fall chinook salmon population. In E. Brannon and B. Jonsson (eds.), Proceedings of the Salmonid Migration and Distribution Symposium, p. 63-69. Trondheim, Norway.

Britton, E.W., and D.E. Marshall. 1980. Catalogue of salmon streams and spawning escapements of Statistical Areas 9 and 10, (Rivers Inlet and Smith Inlet). Can. Data Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 222:164.

Broddrick, L. 1995. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon: CDFG memorandum to Ms. D. McKee, Inland Fisheries Division, October 13, 1995. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

Bruner, C.J. 1951. Characteristics of spawning nests of Columbia River salmon. 1992 52:95-110.

Bryant, F.G. 1949. A survey of the Columbia River and its tributaries with special reference to its fishery resources--Part II. Washington streams from the mouth of the Columbia to and including the Klickitat River (Area I). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rep. 62, 110 p.

Bryant, F.G., and Z.E. Parkhurst. 1950. Survey of the Columbia River and its tributaries--Part IV. Area III Washington streams from the Klickitat and Snake Rivers to Grand Coulee Dam, with notes on the Columbia and its tribuataries above Grand Coulee Dam. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rep. Fish. 37, 108 p.

Bugert, R. 1998. Mechanics of supplementation in the Columbia River. Fisheries 23:11-20.

Bugert, R., and B. Hopley. 1989. The Snake River fall chinook salmon egg bank program: The final chapter. Washington Department of Fisheries, 7 p. (Available from Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 600 Capital Way N., Olympia WA 98501-1091.)

Burck, W.A. 1967. Mature stream-reared spring chinook salmon. Fish Commission of Oregon, Research Briefs 13:128.

Burck, W.A., and P.E. Reimers. 1978. Temporal and spatial distribution of fall chinook salmon spawning in Elk River. Oreg. Dep. Fish. Wildl., Information Report Series 78-3, 14 p. (Available from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, P.O. Box 59, Portland, OR 97207.)

Burck, W.A., R.B. Lindsay, B.J. Smith, and E.A. Olsen. 1979. Spring chinook salmon in the John Day River. Annual progress report. Oreg. Dep. Fish Wildl. DE-AC79-80BP18324, 63 p. (Available from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, P.O. Box 59, Portland, OR 97207.)

Burger, C.V., R.L. Wilmot, and D.B. Wangard. 1985. Comparison of spawning areas and times for two runs of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Kenai River, Alaska. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42: 693-700.

Burgner, R.L. 1991. The life history of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). In C. Groot and L. Margolis (eds.), Life history of Pacific salmon, p. 3-117. Univ. B.C. Press, Vancouver, B.C.

Busack, C. 1990. Yakima/Klickitat production project genetic risk assessment. Appendix A, Yakima/Klikitat production project preliminary design report, 20 p.

Busack, C.A., and K.P. Currens. 1995. Genetic risks and hazards in hatchery operations: Fundamental concepts and issues. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 15:71-80.

Busack, C., and A.R. Marshall. 1995. Defining units of genetic diversity in Washington salmonids. In C. Busack and J. B. Shaklee (eds.), Genetic diversity units and major ancestral lineages of salmonid fishes in Washington, p. 1-19. Wash. Dep. Fish Wildl. Tech. Rep. RAD 95-02, 173 p. (Available from Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 600 Capital Way N., Olympia WA 98501-1091.)

Busack, C.A., C. Knudsen, A. Marshall, S. Phelps, and D. Seiler. 1991. Yakima hatchery experimental design. Bonneville Power Administration. 89-082, 266 p. (Available from Bonneville Power Administration, Division of Fish and Wildlife, P.O. Box 3621, Portland, OR 97208.)

Busby, M.S. 1991. The abundance of epibenthic and plantonic macrofauna and feeding habits of juvenile fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Mattole River estuary/lagoon, Humboldt County, California. M.S. Thesis, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, 130 p.

Busby, P.J., T.C. Wainwright, G.J. Bryant, L.J. Lierheimer, R.S. Waples, F.W. Waknitz, and I.V. Lagomarsino. 1996. Status review of west coast steelhead from Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and California. NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-NWFSC-27, 261 p. (Available from Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Coastal Zone and Estuarine Studies Division, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112-2097.)

Bush, G., C. McConnell, C. Cloyd, K. Musser, and B. Metzer. 1997. Assessment of the effects of the 1996 flood on the Siuslaw National Forest. Siuslaw Natl. Forest, Draft Tech. Rep. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

Bustard, D.R., and D.W. Narver. 1975. Aspects of the winter ecology of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 32: 667-680.

California Advisory Committee on Salmon and Steelhead Trout (CACSST). 1988. Restoring the balance. Calif. Dep. Fish Game, 84 p. (Available from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 Ninth St., Sacramento, CA 95814.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1965. California fish and wildlife plan. Three volumes. Sacramento, CA. (Available from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 Ninth St., Sacramento, CA 95814.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1984. CDFG memorandum from Fred Meyer to file re: Calaveras River fishery below New Hogan Dam. CDFG Region 2, May 1, 1984. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1995. Klamath River fall chinook salmon run-size, in-river harvest and spawner escapement - 1995 season. Calif. Dep. Fish Game, Klamath-Trinity Program, 8 p. (Available from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 Ninth St., Sacramento, CA 95814.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1996. Trinity River Basin salmon and steelhead monitoring project annual report: 1994-95 season. CDFG report dated May 1996, 193 p. (Available from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 Ninth Street, Sacramento, CA 95814.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1997a. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon by R. Carpenter, 21 March 1997, 12 p. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon Street, Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1997b. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon. A. Baracco, 4 April 1997, 16 p. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1997c. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon by C. Harvey, 12 September 1997, 3 p. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon Street, Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1997d. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon by G. Neillands, 16 September 1997, 5 p. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon Street, Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1997e. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon by B. Jong, 18 September 1997, 1 p. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon Street, Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

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California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 1997g. Trinity River Basin salmon and steelhead monitoring project annual report: 1996-97 season. CDFG draft report, 27 p. (Available from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 Ninth Street, Sacramento, CA 95814.)

California Department of Natural Resources (CDNR). 1931. Thirty-first biennial report, 1928-1930. Div. of Fish and Game, Sacramento, CA, 96 p. (Available from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 Ninth St., Sacramento, CA 95814.)

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Chapman, D., A. Giorgi, T. Hillman, D. Deppert, M. Erho, S. Hays, C. Peven, B. Suzumoto, and R. Klinge. 1994. Status of summer/fall chinook salmon in the mid-Columbia region. Report for Chelan, Douglas, and Grant County PUDs. 412 p. + app. (Available from Don Chapman Consultants, 3653 Rickenbacker, Ste. 200, Boise, ID 83705.)

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Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority (CBFWA). 1990b. Review of the history, development, and management of anadromous fish production facilities in the Columbia river basin. Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority, Portland, Oregon, 52 p. (Available from Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority, 2501 SW First Ave., Suite 200, Portland, OR 97201.)

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Craig, J. 1995. Documents submitted to the ESA Administrative Record for west coast chinook salmon: completed questionnaires for Klamath River, Wooley Creek, Trinity River, New River, and Blue Creek; age composition of 1991-1994 Klamath and Trinity Rivers fall chinook salmon. (Available from Environmental and Technical Services Division, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 525 N.E. Oregon St., Suite 500, Portland, OR 97232.)

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Cramer, S.P. 1987. Abundance of Rogue River fall chinook salmon. Annual progress report. Oreg. Dep. Fish Wildl., Fish Res. Project. AFS 78-1, 166 p. (Available from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2501 SW First Avenue, PO Box 59, Portland, OR 97207.)

Cramer, S.P. [1989]. Contribution of Sacramento Basin hatcheries to ocean catch and river escapement of fall chinook salmon. S.P. Cramer & Associates, 113 p. (Available from S. P. Cramer and Associates, Inc., 300 S.E. Arrow Creek Land, Gresham, OR 97080.)

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