U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Datums Page Page 1 of 8 Station ID: 9455920 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/21/2003 Name: ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET ALASKA NOAA Chart: 16664 Latitude: 61° 14.3' N USGS Quad: ANCHORAGE A-8 Longitude: 149° 53.4' W To reach the tidal bench marks from the Anchorage airport, follow International Road to the Minnesota exit and turn north, proceed 5 km (3 mi) to 6th Avenue and then left (north) on A Street, then follow A Street for 0.6 km (0.4 mi) and take the Port exit which turns onto Ocean Dock Road, then follow Ocean Dock Road until it dead ends at the Port of Anchorage. The bench marks are in the general vicinity. The tide house is located in the green metal building at the very south end of the concrete fuel pier. T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING: NO 15 RESET 1966 DESIGNATION: 945 5920 TIDAL 15 1966 MONUMENTATION: Bench Mark disk VM#: 1332 AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USC&GS) PID#: TT0711 SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete dock The primary bench mark is a disk set at the Anchorage City Dock at the north end of the double railroad tracks, 9.45 m (31.0 ft) south of the north end of the dock, 4.85 m (15.9 ft) NW of the NE corner of the new Port Office, 3.84 m (12.6 ft) NE of the north door of the Port Office, 2.87 m (9.4 ft) east of a 1 m (4 ft) high concrete deck landing for Port Office north door, and set flush with the concrete surface. BENCH MARK STAMPING: B 75 1964 DESIGNATION: B 75 MONUMENTATION: Bench Mark disk VM#: 1334 AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USC&GS) PID#: TT0712 SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete dock The bench mark is a disk set near the SE corner of Anchorage City Dock, 25 m (81 ft) SSE of the southerly corner of the Port of Anchorage Building, 12 m (40 ft) SE of the east railroad track, 4 m (12 ft) east of the NE corner of the north end of the approach to the dock, 0.30 m (1.0 ft) north of the north side of a concrete bull rail at the point where it makes an oblique turn to the NE, and set flush with the concrete surface.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Page 2 of 8 Station ID: 9455920 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/21/2003 Name: ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET ALASKA NOAA Chart: 16664 Latitude: 61° 14.3' N USGS Quad: ANCHORAGE A-8 Longitude: 149° 53.4' W T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S BENCH MARK STAMPING: TIDAL 16 1966 DESIGNATION: 945 5920 TIDAL 16 MONUMENTATION: Bench Mark disk VM#: 1335 AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USC&GS) PID#: TT0713 SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete deck The bench mark is a disk set on the west side of the Anchorage POL Dock near the south end, 10.24 m (33.6 ft) west of the SW corner of the 3 m x 4 m (10 ft x 12 ft) building which houses the tide gauges, 3.35 m (11.0 ft) north of the SW corner of the dock, 1.52 m (5.0 ft) north of the center of a mooring bit, 0.30 m (1.0 ft) south of the south end of the west bull rail, and flush with the concrete surface. Note: There is a USACE survey disk within a meter of this mark, so make sure to survey to the correct mark. BENCH MARK STAMPING: 5920 B 1980 DESIGNATION: 945 5920 B MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1336 AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) PID: SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Copper-clad steel rod The bench mark is a disk set about 101 m (330 ft) SE of bench mark 15 RESET 1966, 27 m (90 ft) south of light pole LP 5, 0.98 m (3.2 ft) north of the NW edge of a 5 m (15 ft) wide doorway, and 0.37 m (1.2 ft) NE of NW corner of blue and white repair shop belonging to the Port of Anchorage. The bench mark is 6 cm (0.2 ft) below asphalt level, set on a copper-clad steel rod driven to a depth of 21.6 m (71 ft).
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Page 3 of 8 Station ID: 9455920 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/21/2003 Name: ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET ALASKA NOAA Chart: 16664 Latitude: 61° 14.3' N USGS Quad: ANCHORAGE A-8 Longitude: 149° 53.4' W T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S BENCH MARK STAMPING: 5920 D 1980 DESIGNATION: 945 5920 D MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1337 AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) PID: SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Copper-clad steel rod The bench mark is a disk set at the SE corner of the intersection of Ocean Dock Road, Loop Road, and Whitney Road, 46.88 m (153.8 ft) east of a fire plug, 19.08 m (62.6 ft) NE of a steel light pole, 10.76 m (35.3 ft) south of the center of a traffic island of Loop Road, 2.32 m (7.6 ft) north of a cyclone fence, 1.40 m (4.6 ft) east of the western end of a steel guard rail, and 0.79 m (2.6 ft) north of a witness post. The bench mark is 6 cm (0.2 ft) below ground level, set on copper-clad steel rod driven to a depth of 19.5 m (64 ft). BENCH MARK STAMPING: 5920 E 1986 DESIGNATION: 945 5920 E MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1338 AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) PID: SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete dock The bench mark is a disk set in a concrete loading dock at the NE corner of MAPCO at 1076 Ocean Dock Road, 23.32 m (76.5 ft) west of the centerline of Ocean Dock Road, 18.78 m (61.6 ft) NW of a fire plug, 18.90 m (62.0 ft) SW of a utility pole, 0.30 m (1.0 ft) north of the north end of the building, 0.30 m (1.0 ft) west of the east edge of the loading dock, and 1.22 m (4.0 ft) above ground level.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Page 4 of 8 Station ID: 9455920 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/21/2003 Name: ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET ALASKA NOAA Chart: 16664 Latitude: 61° 14.3' N USGS Quad: ANCHORAGE A-8 Longitude: 149° 53.4' W T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S BENCH MARK STAMPING: 5920 THERMO 1 1988 DESIGNATION: 945 5920 THERMO 1 MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1339 AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) PID: SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Thermopile deep rod The bench mark is an aluminum disk located across the street from Tesoro Alaska at 1331 Tidewater Road, near the intersection of Tidewater and Ocean Dock, 7.32 m (24.0 ft) NE of a railroad switch signal, 6.92 m (22.7 ft) east of the eastern-most rail of the railroad tracks, 1.62 m (5.3 ft) west of a 1 m (2 ft) high 6-inch square concrete post, and 0.46 m (1.5 ft) north of a 4-inch wooden witness post. The bench mark is 15 cm (0.5 ft) above ground level, attached to a 1-inch diameter 3.20 m (10.5 ft) long thermopile cylinder driven to a depth of 3.1 m (10 ft), and encased in a 4-inch PVC pipe with concrete kick block. BENCH MARK STAMPING: 5920 C 1980 DESIGNATION: 945 5920 C MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 12644 AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) PID: SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Copper-clad steel rod The bench mark is a disk set 26 m (86 ft) NW of office door (1601 Tidewater Road, Tesoro Sales Terminal), 16.61 m (54.5 ft) SW of where SW rail of railroad tracks cross the NW side of Tidewater Road, 9.60 m (31.5 ft) north of northern-most of three yellow concrete posts that are 1.04 m (3.4 ft) tall, 7.50 m (24.6 ft) north of utility pole 1030 76G, 7.62 m (25.0 ft) NW of the centerline of Tidewater Road, and 1.52 m (5.0 ft) NW of a utility pole with witness post sign. The bench mark is 3 cm (0.1 ft) below ground level, set on a copper-clad steel rod driven to a depth of 24.4 m (80 ft).
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Page 5 of 8 Station ID: 9455920 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/21/2003 Name: ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET ALASKA NOAA Chart: 16664 Latitude: 61° 14.3' N USGS Quad: ANCHORAGE A-8 Longitude: 149° 53.4' W T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S BENCH MARK STAMPING: BM 9 1918 DESIGNATION: 945 5920 TIDAL 9 MONUMENTATION: Bench Mark disk VM#: 12645 AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USC&GS) PID#: TT0719 SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete foundation The bench mark is a disk set on SE side of the concrete foundation for a 1 m (3 ft) diameter manhole cover in the yard of the Alaska Railroad, 1.5 km (0.9 mi) south of Port of Anchorage along Port Road, 41 m (136 ft) north of NE corner of Building No. 3, 40.39 m (132.5 ft) NW of fire hydrant, 27 m (89 ft) SSW of SW corner of northwestern-most support pillar for elevated road, 15.03 m (49.3 ft) NW of second most northwesterly support on west side of elevated road, and 0.15 m (0.5 ft) below ground level. Note: A cross has been chiseled on top of the circular concrete portion of the foundation to indicate where to dig for the mark. BENCH MARK STAMPING: DESIGNATION: TBM 945 5920 CHANNELSTAFF MONUMENTATION: See descriptive text VM#: 12648 AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) PID: SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bolted to a channel
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Page 6 of 8 Station ID: 9455920 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/21/2003 Name: ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET ALASKA NOAA Chart: 16664 Latitude: 61° 14.3' N USGS Quad: ANCHORAGE A-8 Longitude: 149° 53.4' W T I D A L D A T U M S Tidal datums at ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET based on: LENGTH OF SERIES: 5 Years TIME PERIOD: January 1997 - December 2001 TIDAL EPOCH: 1983-2001 CONTROL TIDE STATION: Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS: HIGHEST OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (10/24/1980) = 10.543 MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER (MHHW) = 8.889 MEAN HIGH WATER (MHW) = 8.667 MEAN SEA LEVEL (MSL) = 5.020 MEAN TIDE LEVEL (MTL) = 4.676 MEAN LOW WATER (MLW) = 0.685 MEAN LOWER LOW WATER (MLLW) = 0.000 LOWEST OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (12/25/1999) = -1.949 National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD 29) Bench Mark Elevation Information In METERS above: Stamping or Designation MLLW MHW NO 15 RESET 1966 11.320 2.653 B 75 1964 11.223 2.556 TIDAL 16 1966 12.355 3.688 5920 B 1980 11.874 3.207 5920 D 1980 13.621 4.954 5920 E 1986 12.807 4.140 5920 THERMO 1 1988 11.373 2.706 5920 C 1980 11.193 2.526 BM 9 1918 12.569 3.902 TBM 945 5920 CHANNELSTAFF 9.651 0.984
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Page 7 of 8 Station ID: 9455920 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/21/2003 Name: ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET ALASKA NOAA Chart: 16664 Latitude: 61° 14.3' N USGS Quad: ANCHORAGE A-8 Longitude: 149° 53.4' W Foot Notes: Cook Inlet, Alaska has anomalous relative sea level trends compared to most other geographic regions in the United States. This is due to a general uplift of the land in these areas, which has been occurring at a rapid rate. Because of the magnitude of the sea level trends in these areas, NOAA has adopted a procedure for computing accepted tidal datums for the National Water Level Observation Network (NWLON) using the last several years of sea level data rather than the 19-year tidal epoch. The tide ranges are still based on the 1983 - 2001 National Tidal Datum EPOCH (NTDE) and are applied to the five year (1997-2001) Mean Tide Level (MTL) to compute other tidal datums. The adoption of this procedure was necessary to ensure that these tidal datums accurately represent the existing stand of sea level.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Page 8 of 8 Station ID: 9455920 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/21/2003 Name: ANCHORAGE, KNIK ARM, COOK INLET ALASKA NOAA Chart: 16664 Latitude: 61° 14.3' N USGS Quad: ANCHORAGE A-8 Longitude: 149° 53.4' W D E F I N I T I O N S Mean Sea Level (MSL) is a tidal datum determined over a 19-year National Tidal Datum Epoch. It pertains to local mean sea level and should not be confused with the fixed datums of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). NGVD 29 is a fixed datum adopted as a national standard geodetic reference for heights but is now considered superseded. NGVD 29 is sometimes referred to as Sea Level Datum of 1929 or as Mean Sea Level on some early issues of Geological Survey Topographic Quads. NGVD 29 was originally derived from a general adjustment of the first-order leveling networks of the U.S. and Canada after holding mean sea level observed at 26 long term tide stations as fixed. Numerous local and wide-spread adjustments have been made since establishment in 1929. Bench mark elevations relative to NGVD 29 are available from the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) data base via the World Wide Web at National Geodetic Survey. NAVD 88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling observations. Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski, Canada was held fixed as the single initial constraint. NAVD 88 replaces NGVD 29 as the national standard geodetic reference for heights. Bench mark elevations relative to NAVD 88 are available from NGS through the World Wide Web at National Geodetic Survey. NGVD 29 and NAVD 88 are fixed geodetic datums whose elevation relationships to local MSL and other tidal datums may not be consistent from one location to another. The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively. Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned. Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are available for the bench mark listed. The NAVD 88 elevation is shown on the Elevations of Tidal Datums Table Referred to MLLW only when two or more of the bench marks listed have NAVD 88 elevations. The NAVD 88 elevation relationship shown in the table is derived from an average of several bench mark elevations relative to tide station datum. As a result of this averaging, NAVD 88 bench mark elevations computed indirectly from the tidal datums elevation table may differ slightly from NAVD 88 elevations listed for each bench mark in the NGS database.