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Summary
This experiment began in 1974 at a Warm Temperate SubTropical site in
China. The soil was developed from marine deposits but had desalted
after long-term cropping and classified as Entisols (Hydric
Haplaquents); it is a heavy clay loam and is well drained with medium
productivity. The site has been in a typical cereal crop - orange
orchard ecosystem for ... centuries. In these areas the lowlands are
planted with various cereal crops whilst orange trees are grown over
the stripped mounds among the paddy fields.

The experiment consists of a single rotation of barley-rice-rice
growing all three crops each year and in every year. There are 5
different treatments as follows: 1) High manure - standard inorganic N
fertilizer plus high level of pig manure. 2) Low manure - standard
inorganic N fertilizer plus low level of pig manure. The following
three treatments receive the same total N but the proportion
contributed by N fertilizer and pig manure varies as follows: 3) 40%
of total N from inorganic N. 4) 60% of total N from inorganic N. 5)
80% of total N from inorganic N. Further details can be found in the
references listed in the reference list.

The measurments made (data available), frequency, and methodology are
listed below:

a) Vegetation measurements made and frequency

Yield: Each crop every year
Nitrogen content of offtake: Every 5 years
N, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, S, Cu, Zn, Mo & B every 5-10 years.
Also many agronomic measurements on the crop (e.g. plant tillering,
height, panicle length and granules, 1000 granules weight etc.)

b) Soil sampling

Time zero soil measurements taken. Collected and stored. Sampling
depth was 17 cm. Analyzed for routine chemical and physical
properties.
Details of soil sampling method: Spade used to sample surface soil
in plow layer over the whole area (multiple plots) of each treatment block.

c) Soil measurements made and frequency

Total carbon: Yearly
Method of measuring total carbon: Tyrine method as modified by
Black & Walkley.
Carbon measurements in other organic matter fractions: 10 yearly
Method of measuring carbon in other organic matter fractions:
Kononoba method as modified by Y. Xiong.
Total nitrogen: 5 yearly
Method of measuring total nitrogen: Kjeldahl method
Total mineral nitrogen: Yearly
Ammonium nitrogen: Yearly
Method of measuring ammonium nitrogen: Conway method (N NaOH
diffused soil NH4-N in Conway dish at 40 deg. C for 24 hours).
Soil bulk density or weight: Every 10 years
Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Routine method
(standard stainless steel ring)
Other nutrients: N, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, S, Cu, Zn, Mo, B.
Other measurements: Analysis of soil enzymes such as invertase,
protease, urease, dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase, phosphatase etc.

d) Details of the meteorological station

Nearest meteorological station to the site: Hong Jia Meteorological
Station which is 7.5 km from the site at coordinates
121deg.25min. East, 28deg.37min. North. The meteorological station is
manual.

e) Meteorological data available and frequency

Rainfall: Daily
Air temperature: Daily
Soil temperature: Daily at 0,5,10,15,20 7 40 cm depth
Wind speed: Daily
Net Radiation: Daily
Sun hours: Daily
Relative humidity: Daily
Potential evapotranspiration: Daily measured/calculated by Open pan
evaporation

DATA AVAILABLE IN ELECTRONIC FORMAT

Yield data available in electronic format from 1988
Nitrogen content of offtake data available in electronic format
from 1988
Total soil carbon data available in electronic format from 1988
Data available in electronic format for total soil nitrogen from
1988
Data available in electronic format for soil ammonium nitrogen from
1988
Data available in electronic format for soil bulk density from 1988

This information was compiled for the GCTE-SOMNET Database, Pete
Smith, Pete Falloon, David Powlson, and Jo Smith. Soil Science
Department, IACR-Rothamsted, UK.

Geographic Coverage Spatial coordinates   

N: 28.09		S: 28.08		E: 121.27		W: 121.26
Min Depth: SURFACE Max Depth: 17 CM

Data Set Citation

Dataset Creator: Dr Li Shi-Ye Dataset Title: Triple Cereal Cropping and soil organic matter long-term experiment. Online Resource: http://saffron.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/somnet-expts

Temporal Coverage

Start Date: 1974-01-01

Location Keywords

CONTINENT > ASIA > EASTERN ASIA > CHINA

Science Keywords

AGRICULTURE > AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS > FERTILIZERS AGRICULTURE > AGRICULTURAL PLANT SCIENCE > CROP/PLANT YIELDS AGRICULTURE > ANIMAL SCIENCE > ANIMAL MANURE AND WASTE AGRICULTURE > SOILS > CALCIUM AGRICULTURE > SOILS > CARBON > CARBON IN OTHER ORGANIC MATTER FRACTIONS AGRICULTURE > SOILS > CARBON > TOTAL CARBON AGRICULTURE > SOILS > MAGNESIUM AGRICULTURE > SOILS > MICRONUTRIENTS/TRACE ELEMENTS > FE, MN, CU, ZN, MO, B AGRICULTURE > SOILS > NITROGEN > AMMONIUM NITROGEN AGRICULTURE > SOILS > NITROGEN > MINERAL NITROGEN AGRICULTURE > SOILS > NITROGEN > TOTAL NITROGEN AGRICULTURE > SOILS > ORGANIC MATTER AGRICULTURE > SOILS > PHOSPHORUS AGRICULTURE > SOILS > POTASSIUM AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL SALINITY/SOIL SODICITY AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL BULK DENSITY AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL CHEMISTRY > ENZYMES AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL FERTILITY AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL TEMPERATURE AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SULFUR ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > AIR TEMPERATURE ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > HUMIDITY ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > WATER VAPOR ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > WIND SPEED ATMOSPHERE > PRECIPITATION > RAIN ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION > NET RADIATION ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION > SUNSHINE BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > BIOMASS BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > CARBON BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > LEAF CHARACTERISTICS BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > NITROGEN BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > NUTRIENTS BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > PHOSPHORUS BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > PLANT CHARACTERISTICS LAND SURFACE > SOILS > CALCIUM LAND SURFACE > SOILS > CARBON > CARBON IN OTHER ORGANIC MATTER FRACTIONS LAND SURFACE > SOILS > CARBON > TOTAL CARBON LAND SURFACE > SOILS > MAGNESIUM LAND SURFACE > SOILS > MICRONUTRIENTS/TRACE ELEMENTS > FE, MN, CU, ZN, MO, B LAND SURFACE > SOILS > NITROGEN > AMMONIUM NITROGEN LAND SURFACE > SOILS > NITROGEN > MINERAL NITROGEN LAND SURFACE > SOILS > NITROGEN > TOTAL NITROGEN LAND SURFACE > SOILS > ORGANIC MATTER LAND SURFACE > SOILS > PHOSPHORUS LAND SURFACE > SOILS > POTASSIUM LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL SALINITY/SOIL SODICITY LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL BULK DENSITY LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL CHEMISTRY > ENZYMES LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL FERTILITY LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL TEMPERATURE LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SULFUR

ISO Topic Category

FARMING ECONOMY ENVIRONMENT GEOSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE BIOTA

Project

GCTE > Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems, IGBP

Quality
unkown

Access Constraints
none

Ancillary Keywords

BARLEY GCTE GLOBAL CHANGE AND TERESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS HORDEUM VULGARE L. IGBP INTERNATIONAL GEOSPHERE BIOSPHERE PROGRAM ORYZA SATIVA L. PIG MANURE RICE SOIL ORGANIC MATTER NETWORK

Data Set Progress

IN WORK

Data Center

Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems Soil Organic Matter Network, Rothamsted Research Data Center URL: http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/aen/somnet/index.htm Data Center Personnel Name: PETER FALLOON Phone: +44 (0)1582 763133 x2110 Fax: +44 (0)1582 760981 Email: Pete.Falloon at bbsrc.ac.uk Contact Address: Agriculture & Environment Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts. AL5 2JQ UK.

Personnel

LI SHI-YE Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT Phone: 086-0571-604 0343 Fax: 086-0571-609 4504 Contact Address: Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 48 Shiqiao Road, People's Republic of China City: Hangzhou Postal Code: 310021 Country: CHINA TYLER B. STEVENS Role: DIF AUTHOR Phone: (301) 614-6898 Fax: 301-614-5268 Email: Tyler.B.Stevens at nasa.gov Contact Address: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Global Change Master Directory City: Greenbelt Province or State: MD Postal Code: 20771 Country: USA

Related URL

Link: VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE Description: This url links to the GCTE-SOMNET home page where additional project information and methodology can be obtained. This site is currently in a datasharing phase of the network where actual data will become available shortly, at different levels of accessibility. Please follow this link for more information.

Publications/References
Li, S.Y. (1993) Triple cereal cropping long-term experiment in China.
In: A Global Directory of Long-Term Agronomic
Experiments, Volume 1 (ed: R.A. Steiner & R.W. Herdt), Rockefeller
Foundation, New York, USA: 71-72.

Li, S.Y. (1993) Yield stability and fertilizer efficiency of long-term
triple cereal cropping in paddy fields in China. Biol. Fertil.
... Soils 16: 151-153.

Li, S.Y. (1994) Mechanism of sustainability of crop yield, soil
fertility and fertilizer efficiency in long term triple cereal cropping
of paddy fields in China. Presented at Bellagio Centre of Rockefeller
Foundation.

Li, S.Y. (1994) Potassium Efficiency in long-term triple cereal cropping
on red loam paddy fields. Presented at Bellagio
Centre of Rockefeller Foundation.

Li, S.Y., Wang, J.Y. & Kong, V. G. (1985) Effect on the grain yield and
soil fertility of successive planting of barley double
cropped rice in a paddy field. In: Proceedings of the International
Multiple Cropping Systems Conference, 8-11 October
1985, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.

Shi-ye Li (1991) Soil management problems in multiply cropped paddy
fields in China. Biol. Fertil. Soils 12: 213-216.

Creation and Review Dates

DIF Creation Date: 2000-02-23 Last DIF Revision Date: 2008-01-31 Future DIF Review Date: 2001-02-23

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