Landsat
2 MSS image of southwestern Greenland on 7 Sep 1978. Numerous outlet
glaciers from the margin of the Greenland ice sheet extend into fjords.
Bare glacier ice (blue) grades into snow (white) on the ice sheet
at higher elevations. NASA Landsat image 21324-13340 from the Canada
Centre for Remote Sensing. Similar to the cover of USGS Prof. Paper
1386-C (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386c).
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Landsat 2 MSS image
of southwestern Greenland on 3 Aug 1979. The margin of the Greenland
ice sheet (bare glacier ice) is visible in the upper right corner.
The 150-km-long Søndre Strømfjord extends diagonally
across the image. Separate ice caps with small outlet glaciers are
visible in the bottom of the image. NASA Landsat image 21654-14185
from the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing. North of Figure 17 (p. C31) in USGS
Prof. Paper 1386-C (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386c).
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Space Shuttle (Space Transportation System or STS)photograph
of the southern part of Greenland taken on 29 Mar 1992. NASA photograph
no. S45-152-105. Frontispiece in USGS Prof. Paper 1386-C (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386c).
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Landsat 1 MSS image
of the Queen Fabiola (Yamato) Mountains, Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica,
on 16 Dec 1973. Blue ice (bare glacier ice) dominates the center of
the image. Mountain peaks (nunataks) protrude through the ice sheet.
Thousands of meteorites have been collected by Japanese scientists
from blue-ice areas around the Queen Fabiola Mountains. NASA Landsat
image 1511-05240 from the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center.
Fig. 60 (p. B82) in USGS Prof. Paper 1386-B (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386b).
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Landsat 1 MSS image
of the Ellsworth Mountains, West Antarctica, on 4 Feb 1974. The Ellsworth
Mountains are the highest in Antarctica (Vinson Massif at 5,140 m)
and lie at the base of the Ronne Ice Shelf. The Rutford Ice Stream
is visible across the top part of the image. Ice streams are faster
moving glaciers within an ice sheet. NASA Landsat image 1561-11550
courtesy of Baerbel K. Lucchitta and the U.S. Geological Survey's Flagstaff (Arizona) Image
Processing Facility. Similar to Fig. 90 (p. B122) in USGS Prof. Paper 1386-B (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386b).
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Landsat 1 MSS image
of the Byrd Glacier, Antarctica, on 16 Jan 1974. The image shows the
Byrd Glacier, which originates in the East Antarctic ice sheet, passing
through the Transantarctic Mountains into the western margin of the
Ross Ice Shelf, West Antarctica. Bedrock outcrops are visible in
the left center of the image. NASA Landsat image 1542-18435 courtesy
of Baerbel K. Lucchitta and the U.S. Geological Survey's Flagstaff (Arizona) Image Processing
Facility. Fig. 23 (p. B27) in USGS Prof. Paper 1386-B (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386b).
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Landsat 2 MSS image
of the Jutulstraumen ice stream, Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica,
on 30 Oct 1975. The ice stream joins the Fimbul Ice Shelf in the upper
part of the image. Flow lines, blue ice, and nunataks (rock outcrops
surrounded by the ice sheet) are visible on the image. NASA Landsat
image 2281-07474 courtesy of Baerbel K. Lucchitta and the U.S. Geological Survey's Flagstaff
(Arizona) Image Processing Facility. Fig. 70 (p. B95) in USGS Prof. Paper
1386-B (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386b).
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Landsat 3 RBV image
30927-20382-C of the Rennick Glacier and the Oates Coast, northern
Victoria Land, Antarctica, taken on 17 Sep 1980. Fig. 40 (p. B50) in USGS Prof.
Paper 1386-B (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386b).
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Landsat 3 RBV image
30927-20382-D of the Lillie Glacier and the Pennell Coast, Antarctica,
taken on 17 Sep 1980. Fig. 39 (p. B49) in USGS Prof. Paper 1386-B (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386b).
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Landsat 2 MSS image
of the ice field and outlet glaciers on Bylot Island, Northwest Territories,
Canada; on 14 Aug 1975. Small ice caps can be seen on the Borden Peninsula
(left center) of Baffin Island. NASA Landsat image 20204-16513 from
the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing. Cover image on USGS Prof. Paper
1386-J (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386j).
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Landsat 1 MSS image
of Mount McKinley and environs, Alaska Range, Alaska, on 25 Aug 1972.
Numerous glaciers are visible on the flanks of the massif. Yentna
Glacier (center) shows contorted medial moraines characteristic of
a surging glacier. Surging glaciers move forward rapidly for several
months on a recurring basis. Clouds are visible northwest of the range.
Reddish hues are various types of vegetation. NASA Landsat image 1033-21020
from the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center.
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Cloud-free Landsat
3 MSS image of approximately the same region as above on 24 Aug 1979.
Landsat image 30537-20443 from the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data
Center. Part of Fig. 404 (Landsat image mosaic) in USGS Prof. Paper 1386-K.
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Landsat 2 MSS image
of the St. Elias Mountains, Alaska-Canada border, on 24 Aug 1979.
The Malaspina Glacier, a piedmont outlet glacier, is visible at center.
Contorted moraines on its eastern part signify that it experiences
recurring surges. Hubbard Glacier (center) dammed Russell Fiord between
29 May and 8 October 1986. When the ice dam failed, an enormous glacier-outburst
flood (jökulhlaup) discharged into Disenchantment Bay. Reddish
hues are various types of vegetation. NASA Landsat image 21675-19482 from the
U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center. Cover and Fig. 144 (p. K160) of USGS Prof.
Paper 1386-K.
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Landsat 1 MSS image
of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, southeastern Alaska, on
12 Sep 1973. In the 18th century, early sailing ships reported that
Glacier Bay's glaciers extended to Cross Sound, the entrance on the
Gulf of Alaska, so that a considerable retreat of glacier ice has
occurred during the past two centuries. Light blue colors in the ocean
and bay represent sediment from glacial streams. Landsat image 1416-19480
from the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center. Fig. 105A (p. K128) in
USGS Prof. Paper 1386-K.
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Landsat 1 MSS image
of the Vatnajökull ice cap, southeastern Iceland, on 22 Sep 1973.
Vatnajökull, at 8,200 km2 ,
is Iceland's largest ice cap, with numerous outlet glaciers, several
of which surge from time to time. The Grímsvötn volcanic
caldera is visible at the left center of the image. South of the caldera
is Grænalón, an ice-dammed lake (powder-blue color). Several
other ice caps are also visible on the image. NASA Landsat image 1426-12070
from the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center. Will appear in USGS Prof. Paper 1386-D.
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Enlargement of Landsat
2 image of the Langjökull ice cap, western Iceland, on 18 Aug
1980. Langjökull covers an area of 954 km
2 and extends about 55 km along its main axis. NASA
Landsat image 22045-12131 from the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing.
Will appear in USGS Prof. Paper 1386-D.
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Part of a Landsat
3 MSS image showing valley glaciers in the Karakorum Shan (Range)
along the border of western China (P.R.C.), India, and Pakistan, on
18 Jul 1978. NASA Landsat image 30135-04492 from the U.S. Geological
Survey's EROS Data Center. Cover image on USGS Prof. Paper 1386-F.
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Salyut 6 oblique
satellite photograph of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, Chile and
Argentina, on 10 Mar 1978. Outlet glaciers extend into fjords in
Chile and into lakes in Argentina. The 70 mm photograph was one of
40 photographs taken of glaciers in South America by Soviet cosmonauts
as part of a satellite glaciology study directed by Vladimir M. Kotlyakov,
Director, Institute of Geography, USSR Academy of Sciences (Moscow).
Salyut 6 photograph courtesy of V.M. Kotlyakov. Figure 31 (p. I165)in USGS Prof.
Paper 1386-I (http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386i).
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U.S. Department of the Interior |
U.S. Geological Survey