HDR1012000110010612960830Crop Production HDR2012000110010612960830Crop Production Highlights & Summary Released June 12, 1996, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET. For assistance with general agricultural statistics, information about NASS, its products or services, contact the NASS Information Hotline at 1-800-727-9540 or E-mail: NASS@NASS.USDA.GOV. Forecasts refer to June 1, 1996. Winter Wheat Up Fractionally Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.37 billion bushels. This is up slightly from May 1, but down 11 percent from 1995. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 36.1 bushels per acre, up 0.2 bushels per acre from the last forecast, but 1.6 bushels per acre less than last year. Grain area totals 37.9 million acres, unchanged from May 1. Total Hard Red and Soft Red production are up fractionally from last month. White Winter production is up 1 percent from May 1 due to increased expected yields in Washington offsetting declines elsewhere. Orange Production Up Slightly All orange production is forecast at 11.7 million tons, up less than one percent from last month and 1 percent above last season. This year's crop is the second largest on record. Florida's forecast is 202.2 million boxes (9.10 million tons), up less than one percent from May's forecast but down 2 percent from last season. The Valencia forecast increased to 81.0 million boxes (3.65 million tons), down 5 percent from a year ago. Early and mid-season varieties remained at 121.2 million boxes (5.45 million tons), a record high. California's orange production is carried forward from April. It remains at 68.0 million boxes (2.55 million tons), 11 percent above last season. Early, mid-season, and Navel varieties are expected to produce 40.0 million boxes (1.50 million tons), 14 percent more than last season. Valencia production is forecast at 28.0 million boxes (1.05 million tons), 8 percent more than 1994-95. Cr Pr 2-2 (6-96) Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1995-96 season is forecast at 1.52 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, unchanged from last month. The yield for early and mid-season varieties was final in March at 1.45 gallons per box, up from last year's 1.44 gallons per box. The Valencia crop is expected to yield 1.67 gallons per box, up from 1.66 gallons per box last month and 1.58 gallons per box a year ago. The final 1994-95 yield for all fruit used in FCOJ was 1.50 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The forecast projects the final yield as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This report was approved on June 12, 1996, by the Secretary of Agriculture and the National Agricultural Statistics Service's Agricultural Statistics Board. Dan Glickman Rich Allen ---------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board Agriculture Chairperson Dan Glickman Rich Allen Crop Summary: Production, United States, 1995 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Utilized Production :---------------------------------------------------- Crop : : May 1, : Jun 1, : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Crop Year : 1994-95 1995-96 1995-96 : : 1,000 Tons Citrus Fruits 1/ : Oranges : 11,616 11,704 11,749 Grapefruit : 2,912 2,717 2,758 Lemons 2/ : 916 988 988 Tangerines : 275 344 344 Temples (FL) : 114 97 97 Tangelos (FL) : 142 110 110 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 5 7 7 : : Metric Tons : Oranges : 10,537,860 10,617,690 10,658,510 Grapefruit : 2,641,720 2,464,820 2,502,020 Lemons 2/ : 830,980 896,300 896,300 Tangerines : 249,480 312,070 312,070 Temples (FL) : 103,420 88,000 88,000 Tangelos (FL) : 128,820 99,790 99,790 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 4,540 6,350 6,350 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Crop year begins with the bloom of the first year and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Estimates for current month carried forward from earlier forecast. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1995 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 (Domestic Units) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :---------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 Acres : : Winter Wheat : 48,726 52,006 40,993 37,946 Sweet Potatoes 1/ : 87.4 90.0 83.6 Sugarbeets 1/ : 1,444.6 1,424.1 1,417.1 Sugarcane for : Sugar and Seed 1/ : 932.3 Hops : 43.2 44.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1995 revised. Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States, 1995 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 (Domestic Units) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per Acre: Production Crop and Unit :--------------------------------------------------- : : : : May 1, : Jun 1, : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- 1,000 ------------ : Winter Wheat Bu : 37.7 36.1 1,547,311 1,363,851 1,369,861 Sweet Potatoes 1/ Cwt : 154 12,906 Sugarbeets 1/ Ton : 19.8 28,026 Sugarcane for : Sugar and Seed 1/ " : 33.0 30,796 Hops Lb : 1,826 78,852.4 Maple Syrup Gal : 1,096 1,567 Dried Prunes (CA) Ton : 181.0 200.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1995 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 (Metric Units) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area Planted : Area Harvested :------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Hectares : : Winter Wheat : 19,718,920 21,046,310 16,589,460 15,356,370 Sweet Potatoes 1/ : 35,370 36,420 33,830 Sugarbeets 1/ : 584,620 576,320 573,490 Sugarcane for : Sugar and Seed 1/ : 377,290 Hops : 17,480 17,790 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1995 revised. Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States, 1995 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 (Metric Units) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Yield per Hectare: Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : : : : May 1, : Jun 1, : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Metric Tons : Winter Wheat : 2.54 2.43 42,110,900 37,117,940 37,281,510 Sweet Potatoes 1/ : 17.30 585,410 Sugarbeets 1/ : 44.33 25,424,760 Sugarcane for : Sugar and Seed 1/ : 74.05 27,937,660 Hops : 2.05 35,770 Maple Syrup : 5,480 7,830 Dried Prunes (CA) : 164,200 181,440 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1995 revised. HDR2012000110010612960830Crop Production State Tables Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1996 : : : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 :-------------------: 1995 : 1996 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -- ----- Bushels ----- -- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AL : 80 80 36.0 39.0 39.0 2,880 3,120 AZ 1/ : 23 18 80.0 95.0 95.0 1,840 1,710 AR : 1,000 1,200 47.0 47.0 48.0 47,000 57,600 CA : 425 600 61.0 80.0 75.0 25,925 45,000 CO : 2,700 2,300 38.0 31.0 30.0 102,600 69,000 DE 1/ : 68 78 64.0 65.0 65.0 4,352 5,070 FL 1/ : 12 10 32.0 35.0 35.0 384 350 GA : 300 350 38.0 44.0 45.0 11,400 15,750 ID : 770 850 76.0 80.0 80.0 58,520 68,000 IL : 1,390 900 49.0 41.0 41.0 68,110 36,900 IN : 660 600 60.0 47.0 47.0 39,600 28,200 IA 1/ : 35 50 35.0 40.0 40.0 1,225 2,000 KS : 11,000 8,300 26.0 22.0 22.0 286,000 182,600 KY : 460 450 53.0 48.0 50.0 24,380 22,500 LA 1/ : 80 110 36.0 34.0 34.0 2,880 3,740 MD 1/ : 225 243 64.0 60.0 60.0 14,400 14,580 MI : 620 660 60.0 50.0 43.0 37,200 28,380 MN 1/ : 33 32 33.0 35.0 35.0 1,089 1,120 MS : 165 210 38.0 40.0 41.0 6,270 8,610 MO : 1,230 1,150 39.0 35.0 35.0 47,970 40,250 MT : 1,370 2,100 40.0 40.0 40.0 54,800 84,000 NE : 2,100 1,950 41.0 31.0 31.0 86,100 60,450 NV 1/ : 4 7 100.0 100.0 100.0 400 700 NJ 1/ : 32 37 57.0 47.0 47.0 1,824 1,739 NM 1/ : 150 140 22.0 33.0 33.0 3,300 4,620 NY 1/ : 125 150 55.0 52.0 52.0 6,875 7,800 NC : 640 590 44.0 47.0 47.0 28,160 27,730 ND 1/ : 34 55 27.0 32.0 32.0 918 1,760 OH : 1,210 1,270 61.0 51.0 50.0 73,810 63,500 OK : 5,200 4,500 21.0 19.0 19.0 109,200 85,500 OR : 825 860 70.0 74.0 73.0 57,750 62,780 PA 1/ : 185 190 55.0 54.0 54.0 10,175 10,260 SC : 280 260 32.0 45.0 45.0 8,960 11,700 SD : 1,520 1,550 37.0 30.0 30.0 56,240 46,500 TN : 340 400 47.0 42.0 44.0 15,980 17,600 TX : 2,800 2,600 27.0 22.0 24.0 75,600 62,400 UT 1/ : 140 155 50.0 40.0 40.0 7,000 6,200 VA 1/ : 275 255 64.0 52.0 52.0 17,600 13,260 WA : 2,150 2,350 62.0 62.0 66.0 133,300 155,100 WV 1/ : 12 11 52.0 52.0 52.0 624 572 WI 1/ : 135 115 58.0 50.0 50.0 7,830 5,750 WY 1/ : 190 210 36.0 26.0 26.0 6,840 5,460 : US : 40,993 37,946 37.7 35.9 36.1 1,547,311 1,369,861 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1996 : : : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 :-------------------: 1995 : 1996 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -- ----- Bushels ----- -- 1,000 Bushels : AZ : 99 139 86.0 93.0 93.0 8,514 12,927 CA : 68 138 100.0 95.0 100.0 6,800 13,800 MN : 12 30.0 360 MT : 265 30.0 7,950 ND : 2,880 27.0 77,760 SD : 32 28.0 896 : US : 3,356 30.5 102,280 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested area for U.S. and northern States available in "Acreage" released June 28, 1996. Yield and production for U.S. and northern States to be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 1996. Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1994-1995 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : Durum : White : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1994 : 971,161 434,208 256,574 515,315 96,747 46,976 2,320,981 1995 : 824,492 449,616 273,203 475,328 102,280 60,620 2,185,539 1996 : 664,622 400,586 304,653 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State and Total, 1994-95 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 52,000 19,800 25,000 OR : 42,000 38,000 30,000 WA : 82,000 75,000 50,000 : Total : 176,000 132,800 105,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The first production forecast for sweet cherries in ID, MI, MT, NY, PA, and UT and tart cherries in CO, MI, NY, OR, PA, UT, and WI will be published on June 27, 1996. Peaches: Total Production by Crop, State and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Total Production State :------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 1/ : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Million Pounds : CA - Freestone : 634.0 502.0 620.0 GA : 175.0 160.0 7.5 SC : 250.0 215.0 20.0 : Total Above : 1,059.0 877.0 647.5 : CA - Clingstone 2/ : 1,130.0 865.0 1,000.0 : Total : 2,189.0 1,742.0 1,647.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. 2/ CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1993-94 : 1994-95 : 1995-96 : 1993-94 : 1994-95 : 1995-96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 700 400 700 26 15 26 CA 4/ : 36,600 35,000 40,000 1,372 1,313 1,500 FL : 107,300 119,700 121,200 4,829 5,387 5,454 TX : 480 950 830 21 40 35 US : 145,080 156,050 162,730 6,248 6,755 7,015 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 1,200 650 900 45 24 34 CA 4/ : 27,000 26,000 28,000 1,013 976 1,050 FL : 67,100 85,700 81,000 3,020 3,857 3,645 TX : 70 105 110 3 4 5 US : 95,370 112,455 110,010 4,081 4,861 4,734 All : AZ 4/ : 1,900 1,050 1,600 71 39 60 CA 4/ : 63,600 61,000 68,000 2,385 2,289 2,550 FL : 174,400 205,400 202,200 7,849 9,244 9,099 TX : 550 1,055 940 24 44 40 US : 240,450 268,505 272,740 10,329 11,616 11,749 Temples : FL : 2,250 2,550 2,150 101 114 97 Grapefruit : White Seedless : FL : 24,500 25,700 23,200 1,042 1,092 986 Colored Seedless : FL : 25,500 28,700 28,300 1,084 1,220 1,203 Other : FL : 1,050 1,300 1,050 45 55 45 All : AZ 4/ : 1,750 1,400 1,200 59 47 40 CA 4/ 5/ : Desert : 3,400 3,300 114 111 Other Areas : 5,900 6,000 197 201 Total : 9,300 9,300 9,000 311 312 302 FL : 51,050 55,700 52,550 2,171 2,367 2,234 TX : 3,000 4,650 4,550 120 186 182 US : 65,100 71,050 67,300 2,661 2,912 2,758 Tangerines : AZ 4/ : 1,000 650 950 37 25 36 CA 4/ : 2,300 2,200 2,500 86 82 94 FL : 4,100 3,550 4,500 195 168 214 US : 7,400 6,400 7,950 318 275 344 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 5,200 3,600 5,000 197 137 190 CA : 20,700 20,500 21,000 787 779 798 US : 25,900 24,100 26,000 984 916 988 Tangelos : FL : 3,350 3,150 2,450 150 142 110 K-Early Citrus : FL : 210 120 160 9 5 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus Fruit Footnotes 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76, tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-CA & AZ-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early and mid-season varieties in FL and TX, including small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5/ California Desert and Other Areas Grapefruit forecasts combined with All Grapefruit beginning in 1995-96. Bartlett Pears: Total Production by State and Total, 1994-95 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 1/ : 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 333,000 247,000 270,000 OR : 83,000 70,000 45,000 WA : 174,000 180,000 97,000 : Total : 590,000 497,000 412,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. Miscellaneous Fruits: Total Production by Crop and State, 1994-95 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production Crop and State :------------------------------------------------------ : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons Prunes (Dried Basis) 1/ : CA : 193,000 181,000 200,000 : Apricots : 145,000 52,000 70,000 CA : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 - Revised. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1995-96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :----------------------------------------: 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- Acres -------------- -- 1,000 Pounds -- : Apr : 3,740 3,610 2,535 2,320 3,065 2,700 May : 3,770 3,765 2,595 2,340 2,935 3,140 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hops: Area Harvested, by Variety, State, and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted June 1, 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Area Harvested : Strung for Harvest and :------------------------------------------------------------- Variety : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Acres ID : Banner : 138 * 77 Chinook : 351 341 334 Cluster : 821 826 808 Eroica : * * 105 Galena : 616 608 602 Mt. Hood : * * 20 Nugget : * * 37 Willamette : * * 190 : Other Varieties : 2,111 2,152 1,785 : Total : 4,037 3,927 3,958 : OR : Chinook : 60 * Fuggle : 470 547 481 Galena : 80 * * Mt. Hood : 265 287 238 Nugget : 2,450 3,025 3,101 Perle : 175 154 181 Tettnang : 655 976 796 Willamette : 3,570 3,260 3,259 : Other Varieties : 335 332 430 : Total : 8,000 8,641 8,486 : WA : Aquila : * * Banner : * * * Cascade : 1,334 1,128 1,043 Chinook : 2,305 2,277 2,233 Cluster : 5,308 5,143 4,714 Eroica : 446 443 183 Galena : 8,252 8,358 7,975 Golding : 91 Liberty : 119 138 94 Mt. Hood : 1,805 1,115 953 Northern Brewer : 57 58 * Nugget : 4,541 5,149 5,546 Olympic : 225 160 126 Perle : 382 248 233 Tettnang : 2,160 2,278 2,011 Willamette : 2,776 2,797 3,512 : Other Varieties : 665 1,329 2,800 : Total : 30,375 30,621 31,514 : US : 42,412 43,189 43,958 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Included in Other Varieties to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Sugarbeets: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1994-95 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested : Yield State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 2/ : 1994 : 1995 2/ : 1994 : 1995 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 Acres --------------- ------ Tons ------ : CA : 143.0 117.0 141.0 115.0 28.0 28.0 CO : 44.3 42.8 43.2 41.1 21.9 17.4 ID : 202.0 198.0 201.0 197.0 27.9 24.0 MI : 195.0 190.0 187.0 188.0 16.2 15.8 MN : 415.0 426.0 411.0 416.0 20.6 17.7 MT : 54.3 55.7 54.0 55.5 24.2 21.5 NE : 82.1 75.9 74.1 72.3 20.3 16.4 ND : 205.8 207.0 201.5 204.2 21.2 19.2 OH : 17.0 16.3 16.0 15.3 16.5 15.0 OR : 16.7 18.4 16.4 17.8 27.8 22.9 TX : 25.4 20.2 24.5 19.3 20.3 18.2 WY : 63.0 63.0 61.3 61.5 18.0 20.3 : Oth : Sts 3/ : 12.2 14.3 12.0 14.1 37.7 34.3 : US : 1,475.8 1,444.6 1,443.0 1,417.1 22.1 19.8 : :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production : Price per Ton : Value of Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 2/ : 1994 : 1995 4/ : 1994 : 1995 4/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Tons --- ---- Dollars ---- 1,000 Dollars : CA : 3,948 3,220 33.50 132,258 CO : 946 715 35.70 33,772 ID : 5,608 4,728 38.00 213,104 MI : 3,029 2,970 37.60 113,890 MN : 8,467 7,363 42.30 358,154 MT : 1,307 1,193 41.90 54,763 NE : 1,504 1,186 36.50 54,896 ND : 4,272 3,929 40.40 172,589 OH : 264 230 OR : 456 408 34.80 15,869 TX : 497 351 36.80 18,290 WY : 1,103 1,249 38.20 42,135 : Oth : Sts 5/ : 452 484 34.60 24,750 : US : 31,853 28,026 38.80 1,234,470 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA. 2/ Revised. 3/ NM and WA. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices", released July 29, 1996. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released January 1997. 5/ Production data relates to NM and WA. Price and value of production data for OH are included to avoid disclosure of factory data. Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1994-95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 2/ : 1994 : 1995 2/ : 1994 : 1995 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ----- Tons ---- --- 1,000 Tons --- : For Sugar : FL : 423.0 417.0 33.6 34.6 14,216 14,445 HI : 64.3 48.5 81.9 81.5 5,266 3,953 LA : 352.0 368.0 24.4 25.6 8,589 9,421 TX : 42.4 41.2 31.5 32.4 1,334 1,336 : US : 881.7 874.7 33.4 33.3 29,405 29,155 : For Seed : FL : 21.0 20.0 34.3 33.9 721 677 HI : 5.0 4.5 19.5 26.0 98 117 LA : 28.0 32.0 24.4 25.6 683 819 TX : 1.1 1.1 20.0 25.5 22 28 : US : 55.1 57.6 27.7 28.5 1,524 1,641 : For Sugar : and Seed : FL : 444.0 437.0 33.6 34.6 14,937 15,122 HI : 69.3 53.0 77.4 76.8 5,364 4,070 LA : 380.0 400.0 24.4 25.6 9,272 10,240 TX : 43.5 42.3 31.2 32.2 1,356 1,364 : US : 936.8 932.3 33.0 33.0 30,929 30,796 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : For Sugar : For Sugar and Seed :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Ton : Value of Production : Value of Production 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 :1995 4/ : 1994 : 1995 4/ : 1994 : 1995 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars ------------- 1,000 Dollars ------------- : FL : 30.60 435,010 457,072 HI : 30.40 160,086 163,066 LA : 25.90 222,455 240,145 TX : 29.90 39,887 40,544 : US : 29.20 857,438 900,827 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Yield and production refer to net weight. 2/ Revised. 3/ Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 31, 1996. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to released February 1997. Sweet Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State and United States, 1994-95 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.1 CA : 8.2 9.6 8.2 9.6 GA : 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 LA : 20.0 22.0 19.0 21.0 MD 2/ : 0.3 0.3 MS : 6.0 6.2 5.5 5.5 NJ : 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 NC : 35.0 33.0 34.0 32.0 SC : 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.9 TX : 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.2 VA : 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 : US : 86.1 87.4 82.8 83.6 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Cwt -------- ---- 1,000 Cwt ---- : AL : 190 165 798 677 CA : 205 200 1,681 1,920 GA : 150 170 360 408 LA : 160 150 3,040 3,150 MD 2/ : 70 21 MS : 170 150 935 825 NJ : 110 150 154 210 NC : 155 150 5,270 4,800 SC : 115 95 219 181 TX : 155 125 837 650 VA : 160 170 80 85 : US : 162 154 13,395 12,906 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 Revised. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 1995. Maple Syrup: Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1995-96 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Average Price : Value of : Production : per Gallon : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Gallons ---- Dollars --- 1,000 Dollars : CT : 7 10 40.20 34.40 281 344 ME : 162 167 18.30 18.60 2,965 3,106 MA : 29 49 38.10 28.90 1,105 1,416 MI : 55 88 26.90 25.90 1,480 2,279 NH : 64 89 37.70 28.10 2,413 2,501 NY : 208 343 23.50 25.80 4,888 8,849 OH : 65 90 28.80 23.70 1,872 2,133 PA : 43 71 25.10 24.00 1,079 1,704 VT : 365 550 27.80 22.50 10,147 12,375 WI : 98 110 25.40 22.70 2,489 2,497 : US : 1,096 1,567 26.20 23.70 28,719 37,204 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Price and value for 1995 are revised. Price and value for 1996 are preliminary. Maple Syrup: Percent of Sales by Type and State, 1994-95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Retail : Wholesale and Bulk State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : CT : 75 70 25 30 ME : 5 5 95 95 MA : 70 70 30 30 MI : 54 50 46 50 NH : 60 55 40 45 NY : 44 48 56 52 OH : 70 75 30 25 PA : 52 51 48 49 VT : 35 40 65 60 WI : 24 53 76 47 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maple Syrup: Price by Type of Sales and Size of Container by State, 1994-95 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : Gallons : 1/2 Gallons : Quarts : Pints : 1/2 Pints and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Retail : CT :33.90 35.00 19.60 19.60 10.80 11.10 6.55 6.00 4.10 4.20 ME :32.40 30.20 17.60 16.90 9.75 9.45 5.80 5.45 3.80 3.60 MA :32.50 30.10 18.30 17.80 10.70 10.50 6.35 6.40 3.95 4.15 MI :28.70 27.60 16.20 15.60 8.92 8.28 5.48 5.24 3.29 3.14 NH :30.10 31.20 17.60 17.80 10.40 10.40 6.40 6.25 3.70 3.70 NY :30.00 29.10 15.90 15.70 9.00 9.00 5.60 5.60 3.30 3.70 OH :26.10 26.30 15.10 14.50 8.40 8.50 5.40 5.20 3.40 3.80 PA :25.80 27.90 14.80 15.20 8.60 8.50 5.40 5.10 3.50 3.40 VT :26.90 28.80 15.50 16.90 9.40 10.40 5.90 6.45 3.75 4.20 WI :23.00 23.40 13.00 12.40 6.80 7.30 4.20 4.00 2.75 2.90 : Wholesale : CT 2/ : 17.20 14.80 9.40 8.10 5.50 4.85 3.20 3.60 ME :25.40 25.80 16.20 13.60 7.05 7.05 4.25 4.30 2.55 2.70 MA :25.60 23.50 15.10 14.70 8.40 8.15 4.60 4.75 2.80 2.75 MI :24.90 24.80 14.10 13.00 7.05 7.40 3.96 4.30 2.72 2.46 NH :23.30 25.50 13.30 14.70 7.60 7.75 4.45 4.55 2.60 2.75 NY :21.50 23.30 13.40 13.80 7.80 7.80 4.40 4.70 2.70 2.60 OH :20.50 20.60 12.00 11.50 6.40 6.50 3.80 3.60 2.60 2.70 PA :23.20 23.50 13.50 14.00 7.30 7.40 4.40 4.70 2.80 2.90 VT :21.90 24.00 13.00 13.60 7.50 7.95 4.50 4.65 2.85 3.10 WI :20.90 26.60 13.00 13.90 6.80 7.50 3.70 4.00 2.50 2.40 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bulk All Grades : Bulk All Grades : All Sales :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound Dollars per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon : Bulk : CT 2/ : 41.10 40.20 ME : 1.10 1.50 12.10 16.50 14.30 18.30 MA : 1.30 1.22 14.10 13.50 37.80 38.10 MI : 1.65 1.63 18.20 18.00 29.30 26.90 NH : 1.21 1.29 13.30 14.20 34.80 37.70 NY : 1.25 1.15 13.80 12.60 24.50 23.50 OH : 1.40 1.30 15.60 14.40 26.00 28.80 PA : 1.10 1.10 12.00 12.10 25.90 25.10 VT : 1.30 1.46 14.30 16.10 23.90 27.80 WI : 1.21 1.29 13.30 14.20 21.00 25.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices are revised 2/ Data not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. HDR2012000110010612960830Crop Production Narrative Crop Moisture Depicts short term (up to about 4 weeks) abnormal dryness or wetness affecting agriculture, responds rapidly, can change considerably week to week, and indicates normal conditions at the beginning and end of the growing season. Uses...applicable in measuring the short term, week-to-week, status of dryness or wetness affecting warm season crops and field operations. Limitations...may not be applicable to germination and shallow rooted crops which are unable to extract the deep or subsoil moisture from a 5-foot profile, or for cool season crops growing when temperatures are averaging below about 55 degrees fahrenheit. It is not generally indicative of the long term (months, years) drought or wet spells which are depicted by the drought severity index. Drought Severity Drought severity index (Palmer): Depicts prolonged (months, years) abnormal dryness or wetness; responds slowly; changes little from week to week; and reflects long term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as evaportranspiration. Uses...applicable in measuring disruptive effects of prolonged dryness or wetness on water sensitive economies; designating disaster areas of drought or wetness and reflecting the general long-term status of water supplies in aquifers, reservoirs, and streams. Limitations...is not generally indicative of short-term (few weeks) status of drought or wetness such as frequently affects crops and field operations (this is indicated by the crop moisture index). May Weather Summary: A strong, west-to-east jet stream bisected the Nation, anchoring cool, wet conditions in the Midwest and hot, dry weather across the South. Over the Corn Belt, temperatures as much as 5 degrees F below normal and heavy rainfall--more than twice normal from eastern Nebraska to the lower Ohio Valley--hindered crop development. Significant rainfall in the central Plains arrived too late to benefit winter wheat, but provided topsoil moisture for summer crops. Meanwhile, late-month showers across the southern Plains provided only limited and localized relief from the 8-month drought. In addition, May-record heat gripped the region, pushing monthly temperatures 6 to 9 degrees F above normal. In the Southeast, however, late-month rains ended a 4-week dry spell, reviving crops stressed by heat and short-term dryness. In conjunction with temperature departures of +4 to +9 degrees F, little or no rain fell on the drought-stricken Southwest. Farther north, a spell of unusual late-season rainfall departed northern California toward month's end. Rainfall reached May-record totals at several locations in the Northwest and from the Corn Belt to the central Appalachians, including: Location Total (Inches) Former Record/Year Elkins, WV 15.75 9.18 in 1933 Rockford, IL 11.75 8.88 in 1933 Des Moines, IA 11.08 10.64 in 1903 South Bend, IN 8.09 6.94 in 1902 Portland, OR 4.88 4.57 in 1945 In addition, Elkins' total was their greatest for any month (formerly 11.10 inches in July 1907), while Rockford's was second only to a 11.81-inch total in July 1952. Nearly one-third of Des Moines' monthly total (3.65 inches) fell on May 9, their wettest May day on record. In Missouri, Kansas City recorded 10.30 inches, their fourth-highest May value. In contrast, no rain fell on parts of the Southwest, including El Paso, TX (their first dry May since 1927) and Tucson, AZ. Farther east, totals of 1.03 inches in Dallas, TX, 0.93 inches in Shreveport, LA, and 0.36 inches in Mobile, AL were the seventh, sixth, and fourth lowest May values on record, respectively. In addition, May-record heat gripped Dallas (7.1 degrees F above normal) and several other Texas cities, including: Location Average (Degrees F) Former Record/Year San Antonio 81.9 81.7 in 1989 Austin 80.6 80.2 in 1902 Waco 80.6 80.0 in 1902 Dallas 79.7 77.7 in 1956 During the heat wave's peak, between May 16-24, more than 20 locations from the central and southern Plains to the East Coast reported May-record maxima. On May 16, highs soared to 105 degrees F as far north as Dodge City, KS; 4 days later, Lexington Park, MD notched 100 degrees F, while Windsor Locks, CT attained 99 degrees F. Lubbock, TX registered a May-record 6 consecutive days of triple-digit heat from May 14-19. In Amarillo, TX, the mercury reached or exceeded 90 degrees F on a May-record 16 days, all by May 24, breaking the mark set in 1962 and 1974. According to preliminary tallies, 310 tornadoes occurred during May, less than the record total of 390 set last year, but 70 percent above normal. Thunderstorms during the last 8 days of May spawned about 60 percent of the monthly total. Earlier in May, runoff from 3 weeks of heavy rain sparked widespread flooding in the lower Ohio and middle Mississippi Valleys. The most serious flooding scoured north-side tributaries of the lower Ohio River, including the White and Wabash River basins. On a more localized scale, a record crest was established on the La Moine River at Ripley, IL (7.8 feet above flood stage on May 8). Late in the month, renewed rains in Illinois boosted the Rock River to a record stage near Joslin (6.8 feet above flood stage on May 31). Across the upper Great Lakes region, surges of Canadian high pressure limited monthly rainfall to less than half of normal in locations such as Green Bay, WI and Alpena, MI. Around mid-month and again at month's end, cool air coursed into the Northeast, resulting in frost. On May 14, Parkersburg, WV logged a May record-tying low of 29 degrees F. Two days earlier, 5.6 inches of snow blanketed Caribou, ME. In Michigan, temperatures dipped to the freezing mark as far south as Jackson on May 30. Farther west, widespread freezes covered the interior Northwest in early May. On May 4, lows in Oregon included 15 degrees F in Burns and a May record-tying 28 degrees F in Medford. Monthly temperatures averaged above normal across most of Alaska and Hawaii. Precipitation was below normal in both States except over western Alaska. In Kodiak, AK, the average temperature of 47.5 degrees F was their second-highest May value, while the monthly rainfall of 1.62 inches was their fourth-lowest total. General Crop Comments: The month of May started with rainy weather in the Midwest that saturated fields and slowed planting progress. Frequent spring storms brought excessive moisture and cool weather to the middle Mississippi and Ohio Valleys and caused flooding in low-lying areas that required some replanting. Soil moisture was mostly surplus to adequate in the Ohio Valley. The downpours during the first week of May limited the average number of days suitable for fieldwork in the Corn Belt to 1 day or less. Persistent wet weather and low soil temperatures across the Midwest and Northern States hampered fieldwork, caused poor germination, and slowed the development of emerged crops. In the central Great Plains, rain improved crop prospects and aided germination of newly planted row crops. Wet weather in the Northern Plains left spring wheat planting 30 points below the 5-year average. In the Southwest, pastures and stock tanks dried up and fires destroyed some grazing areas. Previous dry conditions in the central Great Plains left wheat condition evenly split between poor and fair at the start of May. Dry soil conditions in the Southeast caused some producers to put off planting until sufficient moisture was received. The middle of May brought widespread thunderstorms over the middle Mississippi and Ohio Valleys that further delayed planting. The heavy rain flooded fields near waterways and caused soil erosion. The persistent chilly, wet weather slowed crop emergence and development. Continued damp soils and low soil temperatures in the Midwest caused some fields to be replanted. Warm weather across the Southeast allowed germination and fieldwork to advance rapidly. Across the Southwest, continued hot, dry weather raised ranchers' concerns as pasture conditions declined and suitable grazing became limited. By mid-month, the winter wheat crop condition remained mostly fair to poor, with continued reports of marginal wheat fields plowed under and replanted to other crops. Corn planting reached the halfway mark in mid-May, slightly ahead of the average. Later in the month, thunderstorms in the central Corn Belt saturated fields and brought most planting activity to a standstill. In the Southeast, continued dry weather allowed planting progress to remain ahead of normal. Prolonged drought conditions over the Southwest restricted dryland planting progress and limited grazing availability. Spring wheat planting remained nearly 3 weeks behind average in North Dakota. Small grain producers in South Dakota debated switching to later-season crops. Towards the end of May, rainy weather over the eastern Corn Belt slowed corn planting Corn planting progress in Indiana and Ohio stalled, leaving both states over 50 percentage points behind normal. Low soil temperatures slowed corn emergence in the western Corn Belt. Warm, dry weather in the Southwest and Southeast spurred cotton development. In the southern Great Plains, windy weather caused blowing sand, slowing cotton planting. The end of May brought cool, wet weather over the Midwest that triggered another round of flooding, slowed fieldwork, and blocked producers from completing corn planting. Planting progress for row crop planting remained behind normal. A storm system at month's end saturated fields in Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa, reducing the number of days available for fieldwork. The continued wet weather during May caused crusting, soil erosion, and ponding in low-lying areas. Substantial replanting of corn was reported across most of the Corn Belt. Late May rains across the southern Great Plains brought drought relief to non-irrigated crops, but included hail that damaged some fields. Rainfall over the Southeast brought an end to recent dryness and improved crop conditions. In the Southwest, drought conditions persisted, limiting dry-land planting progress and causing irrigation water shortages. In the central Great Plains, rain improved winter wheat condition to mostly fair to good. Wet fields in the Northern States left spring wheat seeding 11 points below the average. Corn planting neared completion by the end of May for the 17 major producing States, 5 points behind the average. Unrelenting wet, cool weather over most of the Midwest slowed corn development for the month. Corn planting in Indiana finished the month past the halfway mark but was 19 days behind normal. In the Southwest the uninterrupted dry conditions and heat caused stress in some cotton fields. Delays in corn planting caused some producers to postpone soybean planting until they completed corn planting. In the 19 major producing States, soybean planting ended May at 45% complete, 18 points behind normal. Winter Wheat: Area for grain harvest this year is forecast at 37.9 million acres, unchanged from May 1 and down 7 percent from 1995. Idaho and Oregon growers are still expecting record yields. Some foot rot and rust problems have tempered the Oregon yield. Yellowing has occurred in some north Idaho fields. Forecasted head counts from Washington's Objective Yield survey are the highest since 1981. Michigan yield expectations dropped as poor weather has prevented plow-up and replanting to corn or beans. Hard Red Winter Objective Yield head counts have improved from last month in Kansas and Texas, but declined in Oklahoma. Kansas and Texas counts are still the lowest since 1989; Oklahoma's is the lowest since 1967. Forecasted head counts in Colorado and Nebraska are also the lowest since 1989. Montana forecasted populations are about average. Soaking rains over the Memorial Day weekend were very beneficial to east central and northeastern Colorado fields. Ample May rain has caused weed problems in many Kansas stands. The Oklahoma harvest is about a week ahead of normal. Harvest should reach California's Sacramento Valley by mid-month. Yield increases are expected in several Delta and Southeastern Soft red States. Early harvested yields have been better than expected in Arkansas and Georgia. A warmer and drier late May has benefited both Kentucky and Tennessee crops; disease problems have been minor. South Carolina's crop is ripening fast. Light scab infestations have been reported in southwest Indiana. Objective Yield head counts were near average in Missouri, somewhat below average in Ohio, and the lowest since 1972 in Illinois. Durum Wheat: Durum production in Arizona and California is forecast at 12.9 and 13.8 million bushels, respectively. The Arizona production is unchanged from May 1; California's is up 5 percent because of improved yields. As of June 2, 47 percent of the Arizona acreage was harvested. California's Imperial Valley harvest was active through May and was about 70 percent complete by June 1. The San Joaquin Valley harvest should wrap up later this month. Sweet Cherries: Production in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 105,000 tons, down 21 percent from last year and 40 percent below 1994. The sweet cherry crop in California is forecast at 25,000 tons, up 26 percent from last year's weather-reduced crop, but 52 percent below the 1994 crop of 52,000 tons. A low number of chill hours, caused by an unseasonably warm winter, reduced production potential. Late season rains received around mid-May caused fruit splitting and reduced quality. Coastal areas, where 10-15 percent of the crop is produced, were the hardest hit. Washington expects to produce 50,000 tons of sweet cherries in 1996, down 33 percent from the 1995 crop. Unseasonably cold temperatures in February and March has Washington growers projecting a short 1996 crop. Early blooming areas were hardest hit by freezing temperatures. However, good size and quality are expected. Oregon is forecasting 30,000 tons production, down 21 percent from the 1995 crop. If realized, this will be the smallest cherry crop since 1985. A cold snap in February and cool, wet weather during pollination limited crop potential. Peaches: The 1996 peach crop in California, Georgia, and South Carolina is forecast at 1.65 billion pounds, down 5 percent from last year and 25 percent below the 1994 crop. Peach production, excluding the California Clingstone crop, is projected at 648 million pound, 26 percent below last year and 39 percent below 1994. If expectations are realized, South Carolina and Georgia would see the smallest peach crops since 1955. As of June 1, growers projected a 90 to 95 percent crop loss in the two-state area. The California Freestone crop is forecast at 620 million pounds, up 24 percent from last year's weather-reduced crop. Crop harvest is progressing well, with thinning activities nearly complete. Early varieties account for about half the crop picked to date. South Carolina's peach crop, forecast at 20.0 million pounds, is down 91 percent from last year's production of 215 million pounds. Late freezes in March and April nearly wiped out the entire peach crop. Early varieties froze out. Pockets of late maturing varieties have a few peaches but fruit quality is questionable. The first forecast of the Georgia peach crop is 7.50 million pounds, down 95 percent from the 1995 crop. Late freezes severely damaged the crop, which in 1995 yielded 160 million pounds. Some early varieties were totally wiped out and others were severely damaged. Condition of the peach crop on May 31 showed 91 percent of the crop in very poor condition. Dried Prunes: California production is forecast at 200,000 tons, 10 percent more than last year and 4 percent above the 1994 crop. Crop prospects are good and, if expectations are realized, this would be the largest crop since 1989. Weather during the critical pollination period was favorable and growers indicate that they are expecting a better crop than last year, especially in the Sacramento Valley. Apricots: California's apricot production is forecast at 70,000 tons, up 35 percent from last year's short crop of 52,000 tons, but 52 percent below the 1994 crop of 145,000 tons. This winter's warmer-than-normal temperatures did not provide enough chilling hours to ensure proper crop set. However, producers report excellent fruit quality and normal sizing. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 3.14 million pounds for May. This was 16 percent higher than April and 7 percent more than May, 1995. May weather conditions were variable. A storm system passing through the state brought light to moderate rainfall and some thundershowers in the second week. The remainder of the month was mostly warm and sunny with occasional light showers. Papaya ringspot virus continued to devastate some orchards, lowering yields and increasing tree losses. Area devoted to producing papayas totaled 3,765 acres, 4 percent more than April but down slightly from a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 2,340 acres, was 1 percent higher than last month but 10 percent lower than last May. Grapefruit: The June 1 forecast of the 1995-96 U.S. grapefruit crop is 2.76 million tons, up 2 percent from last month but down 5 percent from last season. Florida's grapefruit forecast was 52.6 million boxes (2.23 million tons), 2 percent above last month but 6 percent below last season. The Florida white seedless grapefruit forecast is 23.2 million boxes (986,000 tons), 2 percent more than April but 10 percent less than 1994-95. The colored seedless forecast is 28.3 million boxes (1.20 million tons), an increase of 2 percent from last month but 1 percent below a year ago. The seedy grapefruit crop is expected to be 1.05 million boxes (45,000 tons), unchanged from last month but 19 percent below last year. Movement of Florida's seedless grapefruit was over 51 million boxes. The Texas grapefruit forecast, at 4.55 million boxes (182,000 tons), was lowered 1 percent from last month and is down 2 percent from a year ago. California's and Arizona's grapefruit forecasts were carried forward from April at 9.00 million boxes (302,000 tons) and 1.20 million boxes (40,000 tons), respectively. Tangerines: The 1995-96 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at a record large 344,000 tons, unchanged from last month's forecast but 25 percent above last season's crop. The Florida tangerine forecast is 4.50 million boxes (214,000 tons), unchanged from May's forecast but 27 percent more than 1994-95. Tangerine harvest is complete for the year. The California and Arizona forecasts were carried forward from April at 2.50 million boxes (94,000 tons) and 950,000 boxes (36,000 tons), respectively. Tangelos: The 1995-96 Florida tangelo crop is forecast at 2.45 million boxes (110,000 tons), unchanged from last month but down 22 percent from last year's production. Harvest is finished for the season. Temples: The June 1 forecast for the 1995-96 Florida temple production was 2.15 million boxes (97,000 tons), unchanged from last month but 16 percent below last season. Temple harvest is complete. Florida Citrus: Most of Florida's citrus groves were in very good condition in May. Rainfall was just about average for the month; however, most of the rain arrived on just a few days. There was general widespread use of low volume irrigation to maintain good tree condition during the all important fruit set period. Most trees completed shedding unwanted little green fruit they cannot carry for next season. There was an abundance of new growth on well cared for trees. Caretakers were very active cutting cover crops, post bloom nutritional spraying, and removing dead trees. Utilization of all oranges through May was almost 196 million boxes. Harvest of Valencia oranges was very active during May with movement at about 7 million boxes per week. Most of the orange utilization went to processors. Valencia harvest totaled about 74.5 million boxes, including other use. Movement of all seedless grapefruit slowed considerably as supplies were limited in all areas. About 51 million boxes of all seedless grapefruit were used, including a little more than 23.1 million boxes of white seedless and about 28 million boxes of colored seedless grapefruit. Harvest of all other varieties was complete. California Fruits and Nuts: Mowing, discing, fertilizing, irrigating, thinning, and spraying continued in orchards and vineyards during May. Cherry and strawberry harvests were hampered by mid-month rains in the San Joaquin Valley. The extent of crop damage is unknown at this time. Early varieties of nectarines, freestone peaches, plums, and apricots were harvested in the San Joaquin Valley. Grapes were in bloom and were treated for mildew and nematodes. Table grape harvest began mid-month in the Coachella Valley. Pecans, kiwifruit, pomegranates, and pistachios were in bloom. Walnuts were irrigated, fertilized, and sprayed for codling moth and blight. Apples were thinned. Olive bloom was nearly complete in the southern San Joaquin Valley by month's end. California Citrus: Grapefruit picking in the central valley gathered momentum during May with very good to excellent quality. Lemon harvest was active primarily in the south coast area. Some sunburn damage was reported but fruit quality improved. The predominate colors were light and dark green. Navel orange picking was complete for the season. The Valencia orange harvest made progress in May with approximately one-third of the crop picked by the end of the month. Fruit growth was below average, resulting in smaller than expected sizes. Puff and crease caused concern among growers. Bartlett Pears: Production in California, Washington, and Oregon is forecast at 412,000 tons, down 17 percent from last year and 30 percent less than 1994. California's expected production of 270,000 tons is 9 percent more than 1995. The crop is in good condition and sizing well. Washington's expected production of 97,000 tons is down 46 percent from last year. The crop is three weeks behind normal development and is expected to be one-to-two sizes smaller than normal. Freeze damage has caused a heavier-than-normal June drop. The Oregon production forecast of 45,000 tons is down 36 percent from the 1995 crop. Cold weather in late winter and poor pollination conditions combined to make Oregon's Bartlett pear crop prospects the smallest since 1984. Hops: Acreage strung for harvest in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 43,958 acres, up 2 percent from a year ago and 4 percent above 1994. In Washington, cool, wet spring weather prompted growers to boost spray schedules for mildew. Recently, warmer temperatures have improved growing conditions. In Oregon, crop development is running behind normal due to unseasonably cool weather and mildew problems. Sugar Crops, 1995 Revised: Sugarbeet production in 1995 totaled 28.0 million tons, down 12 percent from 1994. Area harvested totaled 1.42 million acres, down 1 percent from last year. Yield per acre averaged 19.8 tons compared with the previous year's average of 22.1 tons. Sugarcane production for sugar in 1995 totaled 29.2 million tons 1 percent below last year's output. The decrease in production was the result of a decline in harvested acreage. Area harvested totaled 874,700 acres, 1 percent below 1994. The average yield of 33.3 tons per acre was virtually unchanged from last year. Sweet Potatoes, 1995 Revised: The final estimate of sweet potato production for 1995 was 12.9 million cwt, 4 percent below 1994 but 17 percent above 1993. The revised estimate was slightly above the preliminary estimate made in the Annual Crop Production Summary. A larger than expected California crop more than made up for smaller crops in the southeastern States. Harvest came from 83,600 acres, up 1 percent from a year earlier and 4 percent above two years ago. The average yield of 154 cwt per acre was 8 cwt below the record high in 1994, but 16 cwt above 1993. Maple Syrup: The 1996 U.S. maple syrup production totaled 1.57 million gallons, up 43 percent from last year. The estimated value of production is $37.2 million, an increase of 30 percent from 1995. The U.S. estimate consists of the ten major producing States. Maple syrup production increased in every state this year and is at the highest level since 1992. In general, producers experienced favorable weather and temperatures allowing for the best production run in years. The season started a few days later than last year and ended over a week later, allowing for additional days of tapping. Areas of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Michigan tapped for a week or more longer than last year. Excessive snow cover hampered production in northern Wisconsin and Michigan but was more than made up for in southern areas of the two states. Syrup color was slightly darker than last year in New England and Ohio while the rest of the producing region had lighter syrup. Sugar content was higher than last year. Increased syrup supplies are expected to cause lower 1996 prices. Vermont led the U.S. in production with 550,000 gallons of syrup, 51 percent more than last season. New York's production increased 65 percent to 343,000 gallons. Maine was the third leading state with production of 167,000 gallons, 3 percent more than 1995. Reliability of June 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 24 and June 3 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in the 10 States that accounted for 67 percent of the 1995 production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. In early fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year historical average head weight is used until the crop matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample plot can then be combined to an estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until the crop reaches maturity and or harvested on the final visit. The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 8,000 winter wheat producers representing all major production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous month and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. Revision Policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 winter wheat production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by expressing the deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate as a percentage of the final estimate, and averaging the squared percentage deviations for the 1976-1995 20-year period; the square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.1 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.37 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.1 percent or approximately 70 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 8.8 percent or approximately 121 million bushels. Differences between the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 48 million bushels, ranging from 8 million to 77 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 2 times and above 8 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Index Page Table Narrative Apricots..............................................A-11 B- 7 Cherries..............................................A- 8 B- 6 Citrus Fruit..........................................A- 9 B- 8 Crop Moisture Maps.................................... B- 1 Crop Summary..........................................A- 3 B- 4 Hops..................................................A-12 B- 8 Maple Syrup...........................................A-16 B- 9 Papayas...............................................A-11 B- 7 Peaches...............................................A- 8 B- 6 Pears, Bartlett.......................................A-10 B- 8 Prunes, Dried.........................................A-11 B- 6 Reliability Statement.................................. B-10 Sugarbeets............................................A-13 B- 9 Sugarcane.............................................A-14 B- 9 Sweetpotatoes.........................................A-15 B- 9 Wheat, by Class.......................................A- 7 Wheat, Durum..........................................A- 7 B- 5 Wheat, Winter.........................................A- 6 B- 5 Report Features The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on July 12, 1996. Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843 Kevin Barnes - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds, Rice (202) 720-9526 Dan Kerestes - Barley, Corn, Oats (202) 720-7369 Greg Preston - Sugar Crops, Tobacco, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Rye, Sorghum, Wheat (202) 720-8068 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Stephen Ropel, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Dry Beans, Onions (202) 720-4285 Roger Latham - Cotton (202) 720-5944 Linda McMillan - Nuts, Grapes (202) 720-4215 Dave Mueller - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-2157 Barbara Rater - Noncitrus Fruits, Peanuts (202) 720-7688 Blair Smith - Citrus, Tropical Fruits, Maple Syrup (202) 720-5412 The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. 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