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Committee Reports for the 107th Congress | |
| Senate Report 107-058 | 1 of 1 | |
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74-947 PS
1st Session
107-58
FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATION BILL, 2002
| September 4, 2001- Ordered to be printed | |
| Mr. LEAHY, from the Committee on Appropriations, submitted the following | |
| REPORT | |
| [To accompany H.R. 2506] |
The Committee on Appropriations to which was referred the bill (H.R. 2506), making appropriations for Foreign operations and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2002, and for other purposes, reports the same to the Senate with an amendment and recommends that the bill as amended do pass.
| Amounts in new budget authority | |
| Fiscal year 2001 appropriations 1 | $14,941,168,000 |
| Fiscal year 2002 budget estimate | 15,227,631,000 |
| House allowance | 15,212,173,000 |
| Amount of bill as reported to Senate | 15,568,880,000 |
| Bill as recommended to Senate compared to: | |
| 2001 appropriations | +627,712,000 |
| Budget estimate | +341,249,000 |
| House allowance | +356,707,000 |
| 1 Does not reflect the 0.22 percent rescission. |
| CONTENTS | Page | |
| Summary of total budget authority in the bill | 4 | |
| Introduction | 4 | |
| Title I--Export assistance: | Export-Import Bank of the United States | |
| 5 | ||
| Overseas Private Investment Corporation | ||
| 5 | ||
| Trade and Development Agency | ||
| 6 | ||
| Title II--Bilateral economic assistance: | Bilateral assistance | |
| 7 | ||
| Child Survival and Health Programs Fund | ||
| 7 | ||
| Development assistance | ||
| 13 | ||
| International disaster assistance | ||
| 34 | ||
| Transition initiatives | ||
| 35 | ||
| Development credit authority | ||
| 35 | ||
| Operating expenses | ||
| 36 | ||
| Payment to the Foreign Service retirement and disability fund | ||
| 36 | ||
| Operating expenses of the United States Agency for International Development | ||
| 36 | ||
| Operating expenses of the Office of Inspector General | ||
| 37 | ||
| Other bilateral economic assistance | ||
| 37 | ||
| Economic Support Fund | ||
| 37 | ||
| Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States | ||
| 39 | ||
| Assistance for the Independent States of the former Soviet Union | ||
| 41 | ||
| Independent Agencies | ||
| 45 | ||
| Peace Corps | ||
| 45 | ||
| African Development Foundation | ||
| 46 | ||
| Inter-American Foundation | ||
| 46 | ||
| Department of State: | International narcotics control and law enforcement | |
| 46 | ||
| Andean Counterdrug Initiative | ||
| 47 | ||
| Migration and refugee assistance | ||
| 51 | ||
| Emergency refugee and migration assistance fund | ||
| 52 | ||
| Nonproliferation, antiterrorism, demining, and related programs | ||
| 53 | ||
| Department of Treasury: | International affairs technical assistance | |
| 55 | ||
| Global fund to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis | ||
| 55 | ||
| Debt restructuring | ||
| 55 | ||
| Title III--Military assistance: | International military education and training | |
| 56 | ||
| Foreign military financing | ||
| 57 | ||
| Peacekeeping operations | ||
| 58 | ||
| Title IV--Multilateral economic assistance: | International Financial Institutions Summary | |
| 59 | ||
| International Bank for Reconstruction and Development | ||
| 60 | ||
| Global Environment Facility | ||
| 60 | ||
| Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency | ||
| 61 | ||
| Inter-American Development Bank | ||
| 61 | ||
| Asian Development Fund | ||
| 61 | ||
| African Development Bank | ||
| 61 | ||
| Africa Development Fund | ||
| 61 | ||
| European Bank for Reconstruction and Development | ||
| 61 | ||
| International Fund for Agriculture Development | ||
| 61 | ||
| International Organizations and Programs | ||
| 62 | ||
| Title V--General provisions | 64 | |
| Compliance with paragraph 7, rule XVI of the standing rules of the Senate | 67 | |
| Compliance with paragraph 7(c), rule XXVI of the standing rules of the Senate | 67 | |
| Compliance with paragraph 12, rule XXVI of the standing rules of the Senate | 68 | |
| Budget impact statement | 72 |
SUMMARY TABLE: AMOUNTS IN NEW BUDGET AUTHORITY
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item Budget estimate Committee recommendation Committee recommendation compared with budget estimate increase (+) or decrease (-)
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Export assistance $485,955,000 $604,955,000 +$119,000,000
Economic assistance--bilateral 9,456,880,000 9,679,529,000 +222,649,000
Military assistance 3,889,000,000 3,889,000,000
Economic assistance 1,395,796,000 1,395,396,000 -4,600,000
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INTRODUCTION
In fiscal year 2001, the Committee appropriated $14,941,168,000 for foreign operations and related programs. 1
[Footnote] This year, the Committee has provided $15,568,880,000, of which $15,524,000,000 is for discretionary spending and $44,880,000 is for mandatory spending.
[Footnote 1: Does not reflect the 0.22 percent rescission.]
TITLE I
EXPORT ASSISTANCE
EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES
SUBSIDY APPROPRIATION
| Appropriations, 2001 | $865,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 633,323,000 |
| House allowance | 738,323,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 753,323,000 |
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
| Appropriations, 2001 | $62,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 65,000,000 |
| House allowance | 60,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 64,000,000 |
The Committee provides $753,323,000 for a subsidy appropriation for the Export-Import Bank. This is $120,000,000 above the request and $111,677,000 below the fiscal year 2001 level.
The Administration's budget request is $231,677,000 below the fiscal year 2001 level. Of this reduction, approximately $112,000,000 is due to changes in risk factors as estimated by the Office of Management and Budget and required by the Federal Credit Reform Act. This leaves approximately $120,000,000 in cuts that are in addition to those that result from the reassessment of risk. The Committee restores this $120,000,000 with the understanding that a total subsidy appropriation of $753,323,000 will support a projected level of Export-Import Bank authorizations of $12,400,000,000 in fiscal year 2002. This is approximately $1,000,000,000 higher than the projected authorizations that would be supported by the request, and approximately $2,000,000,000 higher than the estimated fiscal year 2001 level.
The Committee provides $64,000,000 for administrative expenses, which is $1,000,000 below the request and $2,000,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level.
OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION
SUBSIDY APPROPRIATION
DIRECT LOANS
| Appropriations, 2001 | $24,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | ........................... |
| House allowance | ........................... |
| Committee recommendation | ........................... |
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
| Appropriations, 2001 | $38,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 38,608,000 |
| House allowance | 38,608,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 38,608,000 |
The Committee has not provided a subsidy appropriation for the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) for direct and guaranteed loan credit programs, and includes $38,608,000 for administrative expenses. This level is equal to the Administration's budget request.
OPIC subsidy appropriations are available for two years, and OPIC has $24,000,000 in carryover funds available for use in fiscal year 2002. Therefore, the Committee recommendation should not result in a reduction from last year's program level. The Committee recognizes that appropriations will be required next year.
The Committee strongly endorses the House report language encouraging OPIC to provide increased support within the energy sector for investments using American cleaner and renewable energy technology.
TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
| Appropriations, 2001 | $50,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 50,024,000 |
| House allowance | 50,024,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 50,024,000 |
The Committee provides $50,024,000 for the Trade and Development Agency. This amount is $24,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level and equal to the request.
TITLE II
BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
| Appropriations, 2001 | $3,229,989,000 |
| Supplemental funding | 90,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 3,179,380,000 |
| House allowance | 3,356,380,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 3,631,380,000 |
The amounts listed in the above table for fiscal year 2001 appropriations, the fiscal year 2002 budget estimate, and the Committee recommendation include funds appropriated or requested under child survival and health programs, development assistance, USAID operating expenses, Inspector General operating expenses, mandatory retirement expenses, international disaster assistance, transition initiatives and credit programs.
Restoring a long-standing practice, the Committee has provided funding for the African Development Foundation and Inter-American Foundation under `Independent Agencies' rather than the `Development Assistance' account.
CHILD SURVIVAL AND HEALTH PROGRAMS FUND
| Appropriations, 2001 | $963,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 991,000,000 |
| House allowance | 1,425,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 1,455,500,000 |
The Committee provides $1,455,500,000 for the renamed `Child Survival and Health Programs Fund'. These funds are available for programs and activities to reduce child mortality and morbidity, combat infectious diseases, and address a wide range of other public health problems around the world. The Committee reiterates its strong support for a comprehensive approach to global health, with an emphasis on building local capacity in developing countries to conduct effective surveillance and deliver basic health services.
The Committee notes that in fiscal year 2001, $103,000,000 for children's basic education was included in the Child Survival and Disease Programs Fund. It is now funded at a level of $135,000,000 in the Development Assistance account. In fiscal year 2001, $425,000,000 for reproductive health was included in the Development Assistance, Economic Support Fund (ESF), Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States (SEED), and Independent States of the former Soviet Union (FSU) accounts. It is now funded at a level of $450,000,000 in the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund, and the ESF, SEED and FSU accounts.
HIV/AIDS
It is now widely recognized that the HIV/AIDS pandemic poses the greatest public health threat in over half a millennium. For reasons expressed in prior reports, the Committee is of the view that the response of the international community to this crisis has been woefully inadequate. For fiscal year 2002, the Committee has provided $415,000,000 in the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund for programs to combat HIV/AIDS. Of this amount, $375,000,000 is for USAID programs. The remaining $40,000,000 is for a United States contribution to a Global Fund to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis, to be added to $10,000,000 in carryover fiscal year 2001 Child Survival and Disease Program funds, for a total contribution to the Global Fund in fiscal year 2002 of $50,000,000.
In addition to the appropriation for HIV/AIDS in the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund, the Committee expects $25,000,000 to be provided for HIV/AIDS programs from the ESF, SEED, and FSU accounts in fiscal year 2002. The Committee expects that these funds will be obligated and disbursed far more rapidly than in the past. The total amount provided in the bill in fiscal year 2002 for HIV/AIDS is $450,000,000.
The Committee also notes the recent action by Congress to provide $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2001 supplemental funds for an initial U.S. contribution to the Global Fund.
| Foreign Operations Appropriations for HIV/AIDS--107th Congress | |
| Legislation | Amount |
| Fiscal Year 2001 Supplemental Appropriation: Global Fund | $100,000,000 |
| Fiscal Year 2002 Committee Recommendation: | |
| USAID | 375,000,000 |
| State Department (ESF, SEED, FSU) | 25,000,000 |
| Global Fund | 50,000,000 |
| Total | 550,000,000 |
The Committee believes that the first priority for these funds should be to support HIV/AIDS prevention programs, in order to reduce the number of new infections and save lives. However, the Committee also believes that funds should be increasingly used to support HIV/AIDS treatment programs, including programs to facilitate access by infected persons to anti-retroviral drugs. The Committee is aware of the concern that some HIV/AIDS affected countries, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa, lack the capacity to effectively use additional funds for the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS. The Committee believes that where local capacity is lacking, USAID should provide resources to build that capacity so HIV/AIDS programs can reach people in need.
The Committee believes strongly that the urgency and magnitude of the HIV/AIDS crisis requires that USAID pursue all available options and authorities to ensure the most cost-effective utilization of available resources to produce the greatest possible impact in stemming the pandemic.
Microbicides- The Committee welcomes progress by USAID and other Federal agencies to coordinate efforts to develop topical microbicides to prevent the spread of HIV. However, the Committee remains concerned that this work has not received the support it deserves. Microbicide products, while not yet available, are being tested in several countries and have the potential to be particularly important for women, whose risk of HIV/STD infection is high and whose control over existing prevention options is low. USAID has a demonstrated advantage in enhancing the feasibility of successful clinical trials through site infrastructure development and product introduction in countries with limited resources. For fiscal year 2002, USAID should provide at least $15,000,000 for microbicides research and development, and the Committee expects these funds to be managed by the Director of the USAID's HIV/AIDS Division.
Media Training- The Committee believes that more education about the causes, effects, and treatment of HIV/AIDS is needed in many areas, especially sub-Saharan Africa. One promising way to increase knowledge about the disease is through accurate and unbiased media reporting, which is lacking in many parts of Africa. The Committee recommends that USAID make available at least $2,000,000 in fiscal year 2002 for an independent media training program in sub-Saharan Africa. The program should be conducted by an organization with a demonstrated record of training journalists, assisting in the development of independent radio/television stations, and producing public service announcements on HIV/AIDS and related issues.
Nurse Training- The Committee believes that far more emphasis should be given to training nurses to cope with the HIV/AIDS crisis in sub-Saharan Africa. Because of the acute shortage of African doctors, nurses are often the first and only contact that people have with the health care system. The Committee urges USAID to fund an appropriate American school of nursing to establish an AIDS care and counseling program for African nurses, who can then train other nurses and community health workers in prevention, surveillance, testing, home care, and case management services.
Nyumbani- For many years, the Committee has been impressed by the work of the Nyumbani orphanage in Nairobi, which cares for HIV-positive infants. The Committee believes the Nyumbani orphanage merits continued support from USAID, and recommends $150,000 in fiscal year 2002. In addition, the Committee is aware of a new Nyumbani initiative called `Village in Hope,' to provide housing and care to two other HIV-affected groups--the elderly, who through the ravages of AIDS no longer have children to support them, and AIDS-orphaned youth. Each group, living together, would share support and security. The Committee believes this proposal also deserves USAID's serious consideration for funding in fiscal year 2002.
Father John Anthony Kaiser- The Committee encourages USAID to provide funding for activities in rural Kenya that continue the work of the late Father John Anthony Kaiser, including support for rural schools, orphanages and health clinics, and the care and treatment of HIV-infected children and children orphaned by AIDS.
Protection of Women and Girls- The Committee recognizes that the vulnerability of women and girls to HIV/AIDS infection is increased, in part, due to a lack of economic opportunities, culturally defined gender roles, and widespread violence against women. As a result, women have accounted for more than half of the AIDS-related deaths since the beginning of the pandemic. The Committee urges USAID's Women in Development office to ensure that HIV/AIDS programs take into account the specific impact of the disease on women and girls.
UNAIDS- The Committee expects USAID to increase support for the work of UNAIDS, which plays a key coordination role in the global effort to design national AIDS plans, expand access to HIV drugs, set standards for vaccine trials, and collect data that is critical in combating the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
Teacher Training- The Committee recognizes that prevention programs in schools and teacher training initiatives on HIV/AIDS issues can play an important role in reducing the spread of the virus. The Committee expects that these types of programs will be part of bilateral and multilateral prevention efforts.
OTHER INFECTIOUS DISEASES
The Committee has provided $175,000,000 for programs to combat other infectious diseases, to strengthen disease surveillance, and to reduce anti-microbial resistance in developing countries. This is the fifth year of a congressional initiative begun in fiscal year 1998, which has resulted in additional appropriations of over $250,000,000 for these activities.
Tuberculosis- The Committee recommends at least $70,000,000 to combat tuberculosis (TB), including $55,000,000 from the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund and at least $15,000,000 from the ESF, SEED, and FSU accounts. The Committee expects funds for TB from the ESF, SEED, and FSU accounts will be obligated and disbursed rapidly. The Committee recommends that USAID provide $2,000,000 to the Gorgas Memorial Institute Initiative for Tuberculosis Control. The Committee also notes that bilateral programs designed with the World Health Organization and American Lung Association have been effective in dealing with TB in developing nations and encourages USAID to continue to support these efforts.
Malaria- The Committee recommends at least $55,000,000 in Development Assistance funds for programs to combat malaria, a debilitating disease that afflicts an estimated 500 million people each year, of whom 1 million die, mostly Africans.
UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S FUND (UNICEF)
The Committee supports efforts to reach the child survival goals set by the World Summit for Children. In order to implement these goals, the Committee recommends that $120,000,000 of the funds provided under the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund be provided as a contribution to UNICEF. This does not preclude USAID from providing additional funding for specific UNICEF projects as may be appropriate.
IMMUNIZATIONS
The Committee is aware that at least 3 million children die each year because they do not receive life-saving immunizations. Last year, Congress recommended that up to $50,000,000 be provided as an initial U.S. contribution to the Global Fund for Children's Vaccines in support of the Global Alliance for Children's Vaccines (GAVI). The Global Fund, now named The Vaccine Fund, provides resources to support the international, public and private partnership recommendations of GAVI. Since its inception a year ago, more than $600,000,000 for 36 countries has been committed for immunization programs over the next 3 years, potentially saving as many as 1.5 million lives a year. The Committee strongly supports continued funding for this program and recommends up to $50,500,000 for The Vaccine Fund in fiscal year 2002.
SAFE INJECTIONS
The Committee notes that many of the 12 billion injections that are given each year in the world are unsafe. Of particular concern is the reuse of injection equipment without sterilization, a common practice in developing countries. The Committee recommends not less than $1,000,000 to develop and implement effective strategies to improve injection safety, including developing and promoting technologies that improve the safety of injections provided for preventive and curative services; developing environmentally sound, reasonable priced methods for improving the safety of the disposal of used injection supplies; and launching an intensive 5-year communication initiative, in conjunction with WHO, UNICEF and the GAVI Advocacy Task Force, to promote the safe and appropriate use of injections.
The Committee emphasizes that it is important that injection safety is not perceived as an entirely separate initiative, but as one important element of an overall integrated effort to improve the quality of health service delivery. The Committee requests that USAID's efforts to improve injection safety be discussed in USAID's annual Child Survival Report to Congress.
IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS
The Committee is aware that iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is the leading preventable cause of mental retardation in children. Problems associated with IDD are particularly of concern in Africa, Asia, and in the former Soviet republics. Private funding raised by Kiwanis International and implemented by UNICEF is already preventing the mental retardation of more than 10 million children a year. In order to help meet the IDD goals, the Committee recommends that USAID provide a total of at least $2,250,000 from the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund, and $2,500,000 from the FSU and SEED accounts through the Kiwanis/UNICEF IDD partnership program.
VITAMIN A AND OTHER MICRONUTRIENTS
The Committee supports increased funding for the vitamin A deficiency program, as more than 250 million children are vitamin A deficient, increasing their risk of severe illness, blindness, and death. Vitamin A is a low cost solution to easily preventable diseases. Like last year, the Committee recommends at least $30,000,000 for the overall USAID micronutrient program, allowing for an increase in funding for programs related to vitamin A deficiency.
POLIO ERADICATION
The Committee again recommends $30,000,000 for the multilateral effort to eradicate polio, an extraordinary public-private effort which is expected to take another 3 to 4 years.
BLIND CHILDREN
According to the World Health Organization, there are 1.5 million blind children around the world and another 7 million children who suffer from impaired vision. The Committee recognizes the work being done by Helen Keller Worldwide, the International Eye Foundation, and other organizations to assist these children, who can be helped with simple and inexpensive methods of prevention and treatment. The Committee is concerned with the slow pace of obligation and disbursement of funds appropriated for blind children in the past, and expects USAID to provide $1,300,000 for such programs in fiscal year 2002.
PROGRAMS TO ASSIST THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
The Committee is concerned with the large number of blind and visually and hearing impaired children and adults in Southeast Asia. The Committee is aware that organizations such as Helen Keller Worldwide have initiated cost-effective programs to address these needs in Vietnam and Cambodia. The Committee urges USAID to expand funding for similar programs in the region.
ORPHANS AND DISPLACED CHILDREN FUND
The Committee recommends $12,000,000 for the Displaced Children and Orphans Fund. The Committee has again provided authority to use up to $25,000 in program funds for displaced and orphaned children and victims of war, to enable the USAID office responsible for the design and management of these programs to monitor and oversee their implementation. USAID is also encouraged to use other operating expense funds, as necessary, to further the effectiveness of the oversight of these programs.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
The Committee has provided $450,000,000 for family planning/reproductive health programs within the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund. The Committee notes that this is $25,000,000 above the Administration's request and equal to the amount provided in fiscal year 1995. The Committee believes that it is important for the United States to provide more support for family planning services in developing countries, where 95 percent of new births will occur. This support should include expanding access to and the use of quality family planning information and services, to enable individuals and couples to avoid unintended pregnancies and other risks to reproductive health, including those associated with pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. Of this amount, $395,000,000 is to come from the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund, and $55,000,000 from the ESF, SEED, and FSU accounts. In the past, funds designated for family planning/reproductive health from the ESF, SEED, and FSU accounts have been obligated and disbursed on an exceedingly slow timetable. The Committee expects that the rate of expenditures will improve dramatically, and that funds will be disbursed rapidly this year.
The Committee recognizes that unchecked population growth is a major cause of environmental degradation, and urges USAID to develop performance goals and indicators which promote cross-sectoral collaboration on community-based population-health-environment programs.
The Committee supports organizations such as the Population Media Center, which promotes the use of mass media to educate people in developing countries about the personal benefits of family planning, encourage the use of effective measures to prevent transmission of HIV, and adopt other health measures.
MATERNAL HEALTH
The Committee is aware that pregnancy-related deaths exceed 600,000 annually, most of which are preventable. Like last year, the Committee recommends $50,000,000 for maternal health activities, and that additional funding be made available specifically to reduce pregnancy-related deaths. The Committee is aware of the efforts of the Haitian Health Foundation (HHF) to provide health care, including the treatment of women with high risk pregnancies, to over 200,000 people in Haiti. The Committee recommends that USAID support its work.
MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
The Committee supports efforts by organizations, including International Medical Equipment Collaborative, to deliver donated medical equipment and supplies to under-served clinics in developing countries. The Committee urges USAID to give serious consideration to proposals for funding from these organizations.
The Committee recognizes the work of Mobility International USA to develop a disability inclusive policy in Vietnam, and recommends that USAID consider supporting such an initiative with up to $300,000.
The Committee supports the work of the International Foundation for the Reduction of Infectious Diseases to provide hospitals in developing countries with technologies to protect hospital workers against a dangerous viruses.
DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
| Appropriations, 2001 | $1,305,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 1,325,000,000 |
| House allowance | 1,098,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 1,235,000,000 |
The Development Assistance account consists of a wide variety of poverty-reduction and long-term development activities including free market development, agriculture and rural development, urban programs, environment and energy, basic education, micro-credit, and democracy and the rule of law.
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT ALLIANCE
The Committee is aware of the preliminary outlines of USAID's `Global Development Alliance' (GDA) proposal, which builds on recent USAID experience of partnering with private organizations (including private companies, foundations, and private and voluntary organizations) to accomplish development objectives.
The Committee generally supports the concept of linking Federal and private resources to achieve development goals. USAID's financial and human resources, particularly the expertise of its field missions, have the potential, when coupled with resources from non-Federal sources, to greatly increase the amount of assistance the United States can provide to advance development goals. The Committee believes that USAID needs to do more in investigating the management and policy implications of this approach before it is accepted as a model for USAID. The Committee encourages USAID to consult with the Committee on its plans for this initiative before procedures and policy are finalized. Until sufficient details about the scope and functions of the GDA proposal are provided to the Committee for its review and further consultations occur, no program funds are to be reserved or used from the fiscal year 2002 or prior year Acts to fund GDA activities.
WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT
The Committee recommends $15,000,000 in fiscal year 2002 for USAID's Office of Women in Development (WID). In addition to providing adequate funding, the Committee requests the USAID Administrator to seriously consider strengthening the WID Office. The Office plays a key role in integrating gender perspectives into USAID's programs and policies, and providing technical support, research and implementation of initiatives focused on women's economic status and legal rights, and girls' education. Possible actions include appointing a person at the Deputy Assistant Administrator level to head the office; creating a WID Working Group, with membership at the Deputy Assistant Administrator level to monitor and assist with the implementation of the Gender Plan of Action; and increasing the WID office budget to enhance its effectiveness.
The Committee strongly supports the work of Women's Campaign International (WCI), which works to enhance the status of women through media, leadership, business, organizational, and public-service training in developing countries. The Committee recommends at least $600,000 for WCI in fiscal year 2002.
The Committee is aware of Vital Voices Global Partnership's efforts to support women leaders who are working to increase economic opportunities for women and strengthen civil society in emerging democracies, and recommends $100,000 to support the Partnership's work.
CHILDREN'S BASIC EDUCATION
Educating children in developing countries is fundamental to long term development. The Committee believes that USAID should significantly broaden its support for these activities, and recommends $135,000,000 for children's basic education in fiscal year 2002. The Committee expects USAID to emphasize programs that expand access and quality of education for girls, enhance community and parental participation in schools, improve teacher training, and build local management capacity. USAID should ensure that it has sufficient education specialists to manage this increased emphasis on basic education.
AMERICAN SCHOOLS AND HOSPITALS ABROAD
The Committee recognizes the important contributions made to U.S. foreign policy by institutions funded by the American Schools and Hospitals Abroad (ASHA) program, and has provided not less than $19,000,000 to support these institutions in fiscal year 2002, which is $2,000,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level. The Committee also expects USAID to allocate sufficient sums to administer the ASHA program from funds provided for Operating Expenses, so it will not be necessary to expend any program funds for administrative purposes.
The Committee understands that ASHA funds are available for a variety of purposes, such as construction and equipment, libraries, computer technology, curriculum and staff support, and related expenses. However, the Committee does not intend this assistance to be presumed to offer permanent budget support to ASHA recipients. The Committee encourages ASHA to give priority to organizations which demonstrate a commitment to private fundraising to match government support.
By increasing ASHA funding to $19,000,000, the Committee intends to ensure that support is provided to institutions that are particularly effective demonstration centers of American educational and medical practices. The Committee continues to be impressed with the contributions to U.S. interests made by several institutions and believes that they warrant further support, including Lebanese American University, International College; The Johns Hopkins University's Centers in Nanjing, China and Bologna, Italy; the Center for American Studies at Fudan University, Shanghai; the Hadassah Medical Organization; the American University of Beirut; and the Feinberg Graduate School of the Weizmann Institute of Science. The Committee is also aware of the American University in Kyrgyzstan, which opened in 1993. The university serves as a model Western-style liberal arts university in the region.
VICTIMS OF TORTURE
The Committee is informed that USAID has provided $1,500,000 to foreign treatment centers for victims of torture during fiscal years 2000-2002. The Committee recommends that USAID provide up to $5,000,000 in fiscal year 2002 for these centers consistent with the goals of the Torture Victims Relief Reauthorization Act of 1999.
The Committee has reviewed USAID's `Report to Congress on Victims of Torture and USAID Assistance for fiscal year 2000,' and is concerned that USAID appears to include within its definition of `torture' such activities as assisting `victims displaced by violence' and `families adversely affected during armed conflict,' and the `reintegration of war-affected youth.' While these may or may not involve torture victims, the Committee emphasizes that funds appropriated for victims of torture are intended for the unique category of persons who have been subjected to torture, or to support programs specifically to prevent torture.
PATRICK LEAHY WAR VICTIMS FUND
The Committee strongly supports the Leahy War Victims Fund, which, since 1989, has provided essential orthopedic and related medical, surgical, and rehabilitation assistance for civilians who are disabled as a direct or indirect result of civil strife or armed conflict. In addition to enabling amputees and other people with disabilities to regain mobility, the Committee supports USAID's efforts to increase their accessibility to mainstream educational, recreational and economic opportunities. The Committee expects USAID to provide $12,000,000 for this program in fiscal year 2002. The Committee encourages the Fund to increase its support for initiatives in conflict-affected countries that will lead to appropriate disability laws and policies, and improvements in and the expansion of appropriate services and programs that are needed by people with conflict-related, physical disabilities.
The Committee expresses its appreciation to the USAID employees who manage this program, and who have earned the respect of disability experts around the world.
U.S. TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRAINING INSTITUTE
The Committee has provided not less than $500,000 for the U.S. Telecommunications Training Institute (USTTI). USTTI is a nonprofit joint venture between the public and private sectors dedicated to providing tuition free communications and broadcast training to professionals from around the world.
COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION FOR STATES FOR SCHOLARSHIPS
The Committee supports the work of the Cooperative Association for States for Scholarships and expects USAID to continue funding this program.
PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS
The Committee has again included language to ensure that the level of funding to private and voluntary organizations (PVOs) is maintained at a high level. This is consistent with current law and USAID's commitment to enhance support for PVOs, as they are increasingly called upon to implement U.S. foreign assistance programs. In addition, the Committee urges the Office of Private Voluntary Cooperation to maintain funding at $6,000,000 for cooperative development organizations in fiscal year 2002 in order to enhance their technical capacities and build business alliances for overseas activities with U.S. cooperatives.
MICRO-CREDIT PROGRAMS
The Committee strongly supports micro-credit programs for very poor people and funding for other micro-credit activities in accordance with Public Law 106-309. The Committee supports at least the funding level in that Act.
NAVSARJAN TRUST
The Committee is aware of the important role the Navsarjan Trust is playing to build civil society in India by promoting the rights of the Dalit community. Navsarjan has representatives in more than 2,000 villages. The Committee requests USAID to seriously consider providing funding to the Navsarjan Trust.
INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE SERVICE CORPS
The Committee supports the excellent work of International Executive Service Corps (IESC) volunteers who, over the past four decades, have assisted in business development, economic growth, and technology transfer in some 120 countries. The Committee is concerned that USAID has underutilized the IESC as a development partner in recent years, and calls on USAID to renew its commitment to the IESC to enable expansion of its projects in Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The Committee recommends that USAID provide $5,000,000 to support additional work by the IESC.
AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
The Committee welcomes the USAID Administrator's strong support for agriculture development, and expects USAID to provide at least $310,000,000 for these activities in fiscal year 2002.
Agriculture remains the only means of survival for the majority of people in developing countries, and support for agriculture will help slow the migration of people to cities, many of which are already overcrowded and incapable of providing even basic services. The Committee believes that, in addition to continuing programs to improve farming techniques and increase crop yields, more emphasis should be given to strengthening the business skills of small farmers, building links between private farmers and agriculture processors, and creating markets for agriculture products. These activities should be a priority in countries with a tradition of centralized control over agricultural production, as well as in countries where geography and a lack of infrastructure impede access to markets. Like last year, the Committee has provided that not less than $30,000,000 should be made available for plant biotechnology programs. In addition, USAID should consider allocating a substantial portion of these funds through the Global Bureau. The Committee notes that the American University of Beirut has designed a plant biotechnology program to enhance agricultural, industrial, and research opportunities in the Middle East. The Committee requests USAID to consider funding this program.
The Committee urges USAID to seriously consider a proposal by Sustainable Harvest International to provide $100,000 for long-term training and support for subsistence farmers in Central America.
COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
The Committee is disappointed by the decline in funding for the U.S./Israel Cooperative Development Program (CDR) and Cooperative Development Research Program (CDR). The Committee supports funding for CDP/CDR, which has particularly benefitted developing countries and the emerging democracies of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.
FARMER-TO-FARMER
The Committee continues to support the Farmer-to-Farmer (FTF) program in the former Soviet Union and elsewhere, and again recommends that USAID support these exchanges directly, in addition to the funding FTF receives from the Department of Agriculture. The Committee notes that this program is a cost-effective form of technical assistance because the American participants volunteer their time.
CREDIT PROGRAMS
The Committee is aware of the efforts of the World Council of Credit Unions to further develop credit union systems in South Africa and Mexico in order to promote free-market principles and increase the ability of poor people to access credit and other banking services. The Committee recommends up to $2,000,000 for this initiative.
MAINTENANCE OF PROTEA GERMPLASM
The Committee recognizes the need to safeguard the protea germplasm maintained in South Africa, as protea production and marketing is an important economic component of the tropical ornamental plant industries of South Africa and the United States. The Committee requests USAID to provide sufficient funds in order to sponsor an international conference for the purpose of finalizing and initiating a comprehensive plan to sustain the protea industries in South Africa and the United States.
INTERNATIONAL FERTILIZER DEVELOPMENT CENTER
The Committee continues to support the work of the International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) and has provided that not less than $2,300,000 should be made available for its core grant. The Committee also recommends that an additional $1,700,000 be made available to further support the research and development activities of IFDC.
DAIRY DEVELOPMENT
The Committee continues to place a priority on dairy development and recommends that USAID actively pursue opportunities to increase funding above the current level, with a goal of providing $6,000,000 in fiscal year 2002.
ENVIRONMENT, CLEAN ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS FUND
The Committee has established a fund to support programs that address a wide range of environmental conservation and energy issues through the protection of tropical forests, biodiversity and wildlife; the promotion of cleaner and renewable energy technologies; and conservation. The Committee does not believe these programs have received adequate support at a time when the environment is under siege in many developing countries due to unchecked population growth, illegal logging, the burning of fossil fuels in antiquated power plants and other manufacturing processes, slash and burn agriculture, and other destructive activities.
The Committee has provided that $295,000,000 in Development Assistance funds should be made available for these programs in fiscal year 2002, an increase of $23,000,000 above the current level. The Committee expects $175,000,000 from all accounts in the bill for programs to assist developing countries measure, monitor, report, verify, and reduce greenhouse gases and related activities, an increase of $10,000,000 above the current level.
Biodiversity- The Committee expects USAID to provide $100,000,000 for biodiversity programs, including initiatives to enhance biodiversity in marine environments. The Committee encourages USAID to work with other nations to hold a conference on second generation fisheries in order to develop a blueprint for preserving marine biodiversity and meeting the growing demands for fish protein. The Committee encourages USAID to coordinate its efforts in this field with the Pacific International Center for High Technology Research.
Environment Offices- The Committee requests USAID to consult the Committee on the future role and funding for its Office of Environment and Natural Resources and Office of Environment and Urban Programs.
Cleaner and renewable energy- The Committee notes that the demand for energy in developing countries is rapidly increasing, and requests USAID to consult with the Committee regarding the unique programs of USAID's Office of Energy, Environment, and Technology to promote the use of U.S. cleaner and renewable energy technology.
The Committee continues to support the application of renewable-energy technologies for Pacific Island nations and recommends up to $500,000 for the Pacific International Center for High Technology Research to initiate a demonstration program on sustainable renewable energy systems.
The Committee expects the Office of Energy, Environment, and Technology to explore ways to promote the use of small wind turbines as a renewable energy source, and requests USAID to submit a report by April 1, 2002, describing its efforts to promote the use of renewable energy technology and include a list of renewable energy projects that have been funded over the past 3 years.
The Committee encourages the Office of Energy, Environment and Technology, through its partnership with the U.S. Hydropower Council for International Development, to work with foreign governments to remove market barriers and influence policy reform, in order to enable U.S. energy companies and financing organizations to invest in improvements in energy infrastructure in emerging markets. The Committee expects USAID to continue to play a leading role in the multi-agency Clean Energy Technology Exports Initiative, which is now underway to promote and deploy a range of U.S. cleaner and renewable energy technologies in developing countries and countries in transition.
TROPICAL PLANT AND ANIMAL RESEARCH INITIATIVE
The Committee urges USAID to consider funding a joint application from Israel and Hawaii to collaborate on a research and development project relating to the rapidly expanding tropical fish and plant global market.
PARKS IN PERIL
The Committee continues to strongly support the Parks in Peril program, which matches USAID funds with private contributions to support conservation of imperiled ecosystems in Latin America and the Caribbean.
FOUNDATION FOR SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY
The Committee continues to support the work of the Foundation for Security and Stability, a public foundation chartered to further the understanding of resource scarcity and environmental problems that play a significant role in causing regional instability. The Committee recommends $2,500,000 for the Foundation.
THE PEREGRINE FUND
Although best known for its efforts to recover the Peregrine Falcon, The Peregrine Fund is building a record of conserving birds of prey worldwide. The group has worked to protect many species including the California Condor, Aplomado Falcon, Hawaiian Crow, and the Mauritius Kestrel. A significant undertaking in the pursuit of preservation is the establishment of The Peregrine Fund's Neotropical Raptor Center in Panama. The Committee recommends $500,000 to support this goal, which the Committee understands will be matched by private contributions.
MOUNTAIN GORILLAS
The Committee is concerned with the survival of mountain gorillas which inhabit the high altitude jungles of Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This magnificent species, once an important source of income for these countries from eco-tourism, has been devastated by poaching and civil conflict in the region. Like last year, the Committee expects that $1,500,000 will be provided to support groups that protect these animals, such as the Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International and other nongovernmental organizations whose mission it is to deter poaching and protect the mountain gorillas' habitat.
ORANGUTANS
The Committee remains concerned about the destruction of orangutan habitat in Borneo and Sumatra, and expects USAID to provide $1,500,000 for continued support through nongovernmental organizations, including the Orangutan Foundation and others, for activities to save the orangutan from extinction. The Committee requests to be consulted regarding the use of these funds.
The Committee is aware of a proposal to UNESCO to declare Tanjung Puting National Park a World Heritage Site, and urges the State Department to support this proposal which could greatly enhance the preservation of this endangered area that is home to many of the last surviving orangutans.
WATER CONSERVATION
The Committee is aware that the scarcity of water, both for drinking and irrigation, is reaching crisis proportions in some regions of the world. It is also increasingly a cause of civil unrest, particularly in the Middle East. The Committee urges USAID, in coordination with the State Department and other appropriate Federal departments and agencies, to develop a long-term strategy for working with other industrialized and developing countries, international organizations, and NGOs, to address this serious global problem. The Committee requests USAID to submit the outline of such a strategy for the Committee's consideration by April 1, 2002.
The Committee also notes that International Project WET has been working for nearly two decades in the field of international water resources management and encourages USAID to support International Project WET's efforts to provide training models and educational materials to a number of countries.
DESERTIFICATION
Desertification threatens as many as 1 billion people worldwide and is a serious impediment to economic development in many poor nations, particularly in Africa. Last year the Senate ratified the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) which encourages the coordination of international efforts to address the causes, impacts, and potential solutions to desertification in developing countries. The Committee requests USAID, and the State and Treasury Departments, to evaluate their programs and report to the Committee by April 1, 2002, on their progress in implementing the UNCCD, raising the profile of United States efforts to combat desertification and generating opportunities for American businesses.
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH SUPPORT PROGRAMS
The Committee continues its strong support for the Collaborative Research Support Programs (CRSPs). Recognizing the important research and training functions of these programs, the Committee recommends that funding above the fiscal year 2001 level be provided for the CRSPs, and that the CRSPs be considered for funding for a broad range of development-related activities.
The Committee continues its support for the Soils Management Collaborative Research Support Program (SM-CRSP) and the application of SM-CRSP's decision support system to assess and enhance the ability of plants and soil micro-organisms to remove carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and enhance soil productivity by storing carbon in the soil. The Committee recommends that USAID provide $3,000,000 for the SM-CRSP to continue ongoing activities and initiate work on carbon storage.
The Committee also continues to support the Peanut CRSP, which has been providing benefits of peanut-related research to both the United States and developing countries since its inception in 1982. The Committee is informed that a recent USAID review confirmed the high quality of the peanut CRSP, and the Committee recommends that USAID increase funding for this program.
UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS
The Committee has received a large number of requests to fund specific programs, projects, and activities at or through American institutions of higher education. The Committee strongly supports the funding of activities that advance U.S. international development assistance and foreign policy goals. The Committee has reviewed many of the concepts proposed for funding, and recommends that USAID and/or the Department of State (as appropriate for the proposed project) actively consider proposals submitted by the following organizations. In doing so, the Committee expects that competitive procedures will be followed with regard to each to the maximum extent possible. Unless a proposal demonstrates a unique, innovative, or proprietary capability, or demonstrates special considerations that justify limited or non-competitive treatment, the Committee expects that competitive procedures will be applied with regard to the proposals on the list that follows. The Committee also expects USAID to give priority to proposals that are well conceived, including those with realistic budgets and achievable objectives.
Within 60 days after the submission of the initial report required by section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act, USAID should submit a report to the Committee on the status of each activity identified below. Such a report should include: (1) the status of a funding proposal by the organization associated with each activity; (2) the degree to which the proposal is consistent with and would advance United States development assistance and foreign policy goals for the country or region in which the activity would take place; (3) the degree to which matching or other funds would be provided by the organization to complement the Federal contribution; (4) to the extent known at the time, any decision by USAID or the Department of State on funding the activity, including the proposed funding level; and (5) any other relevant information deemed important by USAID or the Department of State. The Committee also expects to receive a second report on the status of these proposals no later than May 1, 2002. In addition, the Committee expects USAID to identify an office or organization within USAID, or within the State Department if appropriate, to which inquiries can be directed on the status of these proposals.
The Committee notes that, in the past, USAID has not been responsive to a number of proposals put forward by universities. While the Committee intends that USAID will judge these proposals on their merits, it expects USAID's responsiveness to dramatically improve and to consult with the Committee and interested Members of Congress on these proposals.
With the foregoing in mind, the Committee recommends the following proposals for USAID's active consideration:
Africa-America Institute- The African Technology for Education and Workforce Development Initiative, which is a project to establish distance learning programs between several universities in the United States and Africa.
Alliance of Louisiana Universities- A proposal of the Louisiana/Honduras Alliance, composed of five Louisiana Universities (University of New Orleans, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Loyola University, Tulane University, and Southeastern Louisiana University) and entities in Honduras, to develop a plan to deliver long-term capacity-building assistance in Honduras.
Atlanta-Tbilisi Partnership- A proposal of the Atlanta-Tbilisi Partnership's Sustained Healthcare Initiative in the Republic of Georgia, which includes Emory University, Georgia State University, Moorehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Grady Memorial Hospital, to improve health care systems.
City University- A proposal by City University to improve distance learning opportunities in Eastern Europe.
Columbia University- A proposal for drought monitoring centers in Kenya and South Africa to assist in climate monitoring and long-range forecasting.
Columbia University- A program at Columbia University's Center for Health and Food Security that focuses on disease and famine issues associated with climate forcing agents across Africa.
Connecticut State University System- A proposal to work with Mico and Sam Sharpe Colleges to enhance teacher education programs in the Carribean region.
Dakota Wesleyan University- A program to establish the Hunger Project at the George McGovern Center for Public Service in order to cultivate global leadership and public service to combat hunger around the world.
Dartmouth Medical School- A proposal on behalf of a Dartmouth Primary Heath Care Partnership with Pristina Medical School in Kosovo, to integrate primary health education into the Pristina curriculum and establish opportunities for local medical providers and lay people to plan for the provision of health services.
DePaul University College of Law- A project to promote Arab-Israeli discussions on arms control, initiatives to strengthen law enforcement cooperation, and compliance with international nonproliferation accords.
DePaul University College of Law- Implementation of a project, conducted in cooperation with the Inter-American Commission of Women and the Inter-American Children's Institute, to combat trafficking of women and children for sexual exploitation in the Americas.
EARTH University- A proposal to support EARTH University, an institution partnered with 23 universities in the United States, to further develop its Center for Sustainability and Biodiversity in Costa Rica, which is working on enhancing sustainable agriculture, developing medicines using tropical plants, and preserving natural resources in Central America.
Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University- A proposal for a collaborative effort with the University of Cape Coast in Ghana for a doctoral program for Ghanian scholars who conduct research specific to their country and assume educational leadership roles in Ghana.
Florida International University- A proposal to create a Colombian Studies Institute to support United States policymakers and Florida officials through the development of coordinated policy analysis, outreach, and educational programs on Colombia.
Green Mountain College- A proposal put forward, in conjunction with other institutions including the University of Vermont, to provide training for Israelis, Jordanians, and Palestinians in environmental studies and natural resource management.
Iowa State University- A proposal by the International Women in Science and Engineering Program at Iowa State University, to increase the number of women in science and engineering professions in developing nations and enhance the status of women within these professions.
Iowa State University- A proposal to support the International Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics at Iowa State University, which is principally focused on promoting international collaboration between scientists in the United States and developing nations.
Historically Black Colleges- A proposal to support the efforts of these institutions to conduct research into agriculture issues unique to African nations.
Johns Hopkins University- A proposal for a program at the School of Public Health to support ongoing research in Nepal, Bangladesh, and Tanzania that is designed to improve the understanding of the use of micronutrients to improve health in developing countries.
Kansas State University- A proposal for Kansas State University's Cereal Genome Initiative, which links the genetic stocks, knowledge, and experience of three International Agricultural Research Centers to identify existing cereal genomic research gaps, formulate research strategies, and conduct collaborative research projects.
La Roche College- A proposal to expand programs to educate young people from conflict, post-conflict, and developing regions of the world.
Louisiana State University- The LSU/Latin American Commercial Law project to jointly assist and train Central American, South American, and U.S. citizens to enhance understanding of the civil, commercial, and trade law systems of these regions.
Louisiana State University- A proposal to further develop an International Emergency Training Center at Louisiana State University.
Loyola University- A proposal to develop the Family Law Institute for Latin American Judges at Loyola University in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Marquette University- A proposal to expand HIV/AIDS programs by establishing an HIV/AIDS nursing training program in Kenya.
Mississippi State University- A proposal by the Office of International Programs for assistance in agribusiness project development and management, technical assistance, training, applied research, and technical information transfer.
Montana State University, Billings- A proposal to develop an online Master of Health Administration Degree Program with October 6 University in Egypt.
Montana State University, Billings- A proposal to expand programs in international business in order to enable MSU-Billings to offer additional courses in accounting and e-commerce in foreign countries.
St. Michael's College- A project between St. Michael's College and the Lake Net Institute to foster international cooperation on preserving freshwater lakes through education and technology transfer.
St. Thomas University- A proposal to expand programs that promote democratic principles in Africa and provide training in a number of areas including civic education, entrepreneurship, rule of law, public health, HIV/AIDS prevention, and conflict resolution.
South Dakota State University- A proposal to expand South Dakota State's involvement in the International Arid Lands Consortium, which provides an important mechanism for collaboration between scientists and researchers worldwide.
South Dakota State University- A proposal to support an initiative with Washington State University, Oregon State University and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center to promote food security in Central Asia and the Caucasus.
Temple University- A proposal in support of rule of law programs in the People's Republic of China to further enable American legal scholars, attorneys, judges, and government officials to work with their Chinese counterparts on a regular, organized basis to provide input into proposed or needed legislation and enforcement issues in the Chinese legal system.
Tufts University- A proposal for a collaborative project to provide diplomacy training to Albanians and ethnic-Albanians.
University of Alaska- A program with Alaska Pacific University and the North Slope Borough and the Northwest Arctic Borough to provide training and technical assistance to strengthen Chukotka's economy, develop market driven systems, and improve social conditions, particularly for indigenous people in the region.
University of Arkansas Medical School- A collaborative effort with the Volgograd City Health Department, Volgograd Medical Academy, and other public-private partners in the community to enhance various health care delivery systems in the region.
University of Dayton- A new program to enhance refrigeration technologies for the storage of medical supplies in developing countries.
University of Illinois-Chicago- A proposal to establish a Joint Center on the Baltics in conjunction with the University of New Orleans and the U.S. Baltic Foundation.
University of Indianapolis- A proposal for a cross-cultural educational exchange program with Intercollege in Cyprus to enhance skills in business, international relations, and computer information systems.
University of Iowa- A proposal for the Global Sweatshop Labor Initiative at the University of Iowa Center for Human Rights to conduct academic-based research on this issue to help build greater understanding and identify best practices to combat this problem.
University of Kentucky- A program relating to the development of crop insurance in Romania.
University of Louisville- A program in partnership with Rand Afrikaans University to work with impoverished communities in South Africa on economic reform issues, including increasing employment opportunities.
University of Louisville- A program in Georgia to enhance the capacity and professionalism of Georgian officials to attract and maintain private sector and multilateral institutional investments.
University of Louisville- A collaborative program with the University of Alabama-Birmingham, the Medical University of South Carolina, and Clemson University for research on plant materials in the Philippine rain forest which have potential for improved nutrition and disease prevention.
University of Miami- A proposal to establish, develop, and implement an institute in Cuban studies to provide research on transition issues related to Cuba.
University of Mississippi- A proposal for the National Center for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering for a program that transfers agricultural, environmental, and other technologies to the Polish Academy of Sciences.
University of Nebraska Medical Center- A pilot project to establish an Internet-based graduate nursing course in the former Soviet republics to enhance educational opportunities for health-care professionals.
University of New Orleans- A proposal for the Eastern Caribbean Project, a collaborative effort with the Government of Dominica, to provide education and technical expertise in order to protect ecosystems and enhance economic development in a number of locations, including Dominica, Grenada, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and the Grenadines.
University of Notre Dame- A proposal to support a collaborative effort with the University of Ulster to develop and implement a branch campus in the West Belfast neighborhood of Springvale.
University of Northern Iowa- A proposal for University of Northern Iowa's Orava Project that works to enhance democracy-building in Central and Eastern Europe through educational reform.
University of Northern Iowa- A proposal concerning the Global Health Corps program, which trains university students to conduct community health programs in under-served areas in developing countries.
University of Northern Iowa- A proposal of the Russo-American Institute for Mutual Understanding to deepen cultural understanding and promote professional collaboration through exchange programs.
University of Rhode Island- A proposal by the University of Rhode Island Coastal Resources Center to improve coastal management in order to enhance economic growth, public health, sustainable food security, and help minimize the impact of natural disasters.
University of San Francisco- A proposal by the University of San Francisco Center for Law and Global Justice, Cambodia Law and Democracy Project, to continue rule of law and democracy-building activities.
University of South Alabama- A proposal to enhance the Birth Defects Monitoring Program in the Rivine and Volyn oblasts in the Ukraine, which will allow the program to begin monitoring environmentally linked birth defects.
University of Vermont- A project to promote the transfer of sustainable agricultural practices to farmers in Honduras through the Vermont-Honduran partnership.
University of Vermont College of Medicine- A proposal to expand the Vermont Oxford Network database on high risk newborn infants' care outcomes, increase the number of participating international member institutions, and, support quality improvement collaboratives and patient safety projects.
Utah State University- A collaborative effort between Utah State University and the Arab-American University of Jenin to establish a College of Agriculture of Jenin, including an Agriculture Experiment Station and Extension Service, to assist agricultural industry in the region.
Utah State University- A proposal for the World Irrigation Applied Research and Training Center to improve the delivery of irrigation technology.
Vermont Law School- A proposal to further the work of Vermont Law School in promoting environmental standards in the former Soviet republics by establishing a Center for International Environmental Law.
Yale University- A proposal by Yale University's Child Study Center, operated in conjunction with the Tel Aviv Mental Health Center, to continue programs to treat traumatized children and their families.
Western Kentucky University- A collaborative program with a media support organization to join in-the-field training with practical, hands-on experience with broadcast and print journalism expertise.
COUNTRY ISSUES
BURMA
The Committee continues to strongly support funding for building democracy and protecting human rights in Burma, and to address the serious humanitarian needs that exist on the borders of Thailand and India as a direct result of the oppressive policies of the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC). The Committee is deeply concerned with continued military incursions by Burmese forces and their surrogate militia into Thailand, and notes the SPDC's recent purchase of MiG-29 fighter aircraft from Russia.
The Committee continues to condemn the actions of the SPDC for its denial of basic freedoms, gross human rights violations, child and forced labor practices, drug trafficking, and money laundering. While noting that discussions have taken place between the SPDC and the National League for Democracy (NLD), the Committee calls upon the SPDC to immediately release all political prisoners, cease its abusive practices, and restore to power the legitimately elected leaders of Burma.
The Committee supports and commends the efforts of NGOs working with Burmese democrats, including a recent effort to build media capacity within the pro-democracy movement. The Committee has provided $6,500,000 in ESF assistance for democracy building and humanitarian assistance for Burma.
BURUNDI
The Committee notes that the ongoing conflict in Burundi continues to destabilize the Great Lakes region and exacerbate the country's humanitarian crisis. The Committee urges all parties to the conflict to participate in the ongoing peace process and support efforts to involve the Burundian people in negotiations about their political future.
CAMBODIA
The Committee continues to be concerned with human rights abuses, political intimidation, and the absence of the rule of law in Cambodia. In particular, the Committee notes that Cambodia was recently designated by the United Nations as the world's leading producer of marijuana, and that limited progress has been made on combating illegal logging practices and bringing to trial former Khmer Rouge leaders. The Committee calls for greater vigilance by international financial institutions in the oversight and use of donor funds, particularly those supporting economic and legal reforms and the demobilization of Cambodian military personnel.
The Committee recognizes the Documentation Center of Cambodia as an invaluable resource for information on war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity committed in Cambodia. The Committee recommends that the Center receive adequate funds to carry on its important work when its current grant expires, including, if appropriate, the purchase of a vehicle suitable to conduct investigations in rural areas. The Committee requests the State Department to consult the Committee regarding funding for the Center in fiscal year 2002.
The Committee appreciates the importance of commune council elections scheduled for next year, but notes the dominance of the ruling party on national and local election commissions and its control of media outlets. The Committee strongly condemns acts of political violence and intimidation. In anticipation of these polls, the Committee expects the Administration to provide not less than $3,000,000 to support the democratic opposition in Cambodia, and not less than $2,000,000 to support the efforts of civil society in Cambodia to monitor the elections.
With the exception of HIV/AIDS programs, the Committee does not support the provision of any assistance to the Central Government of Cambodia unless and until the Secretary of State determines that Cambodia has met the certification requirements contained in section 560 of the bill.
CHINA
The Committee has provided $10,000,000 for programs to promote political and legal changes in China. The Committee expects that of these funds, not less than $5,000,000 will be provided for programs in China to be administered by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor at the State Department, and not less than $5,000,000 will be provided to the National Endowment for Democracy to support programs and activities relating to China and Tibet. The Committee recommends that ongoing programs be supported that promote democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. The Committee also supports funding for activities conducted by the United States-Asia Environmental Partnership in China.
CYPRUS
The Committee has provided $15,000,000 from the ESF account for Cyprus to be used for scholarships, bicommunal projects, and measures aimed at reunification of the island and designed to reduce tensions and promote peace and cooperation between the two communities on Cyprus. The Committee intends that these resources be made available to maximize leverage to improve prospects for a peaceful settlement in Cyprus.
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
The Committee is deeply concerned with the humanitarian crisis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DROC) and neighboring countries, where conflict has resulted in widespread suffering and the massive displacement of civilian populations. Moreover, a number of African nations continue to expend scarce resources to maintain military forces in the DROC that are involved in violent and destructive activities, including the abuse of Congolese civilians and the exploitation of natural resources. The Committee urges all parties in the conflict to comply with the Lusaka Accord and not undermine the inter-Congolese dialogue. The Committee supports the Administration's budget request for the DROC which includes improvements to the delivery of health care services. The Committee has also increased the budgets for the International Disaster Assistance and Migration and Refugee Assistance accounts to help meet these humanitarian needs.
EAST TIMOR
The Committee provides not less than $25,000,000 in ESF assistance for East Timor. The Committee congratulates the people of East Timor as they move toward the election of their first Constituent Assembly. The first years of independence and self-government will be critical in setting a solid foundation for a stable, democratic, and prosperous Timorese nation. The Committee recognizes the work of USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives, and the efforts of numerous American nongovernmental humanitarian, educational, and democracy-building organizations that are making a vital contribution to East Timor's development. The Committee expresses strong support for continued funding of these activities.
The Committee is deeply disappointed by the failure of the Indonesian Government, despite repeated assurances, to prosecute and punish military officers and militia leaders responsible for planning and carrying out atrocities in East Timor. The Committee is dismayed that tens of thousands of East Timorese refugees are still controlled by militias in West Timor.
The Committee is concerned about reports of a rising HIV/AIDS infection rate caused by the large presence of foreign nationals in East Timor, and is dismayed by rising incidences of prostitution. The Committee intends to consult with USAID on an effective response to this problem.
ETHIOPIA
The Committee is concerned about human rights in Ethiopia, particularly the intimidation and persecution of human rights activists, journalists, and opposition groups. The Committee calls on the State Department to continue to raise these issues at the highest levels of the Government of Ethiopia.
GUATEMALA
Last year the Committee commended the Portillo Government for its commitment to dismantle the Estado Mayor Presidential (EMP), which has been responsible for some of the worst atrocities in the country's history. Since that time, little has been done, and the Committee is disappointed that the Guatemalan Government has not fulfilled its commitment. The United States has offered to help fund the establishment of civilian security and intelligence services, if the EMP is dismantled.
Also last year, the Committee commended steps by the Portillo Government in support of human rights. Unfortunately, the situation subsequently deteriorated, and the government has failed to respond. Moreover, common crime is rampant, and there have been attacks against judicial personnel, witnesses, human rights and labor activists, and journalists. The Committee is also aware of reports of official complicity in the smuggling of contraband into Guatemala from El Salvador and elsewhere. The Committee has continued the prohibitions on Foreign Military Financing and International Military Education and Training (IMET) assistance, with the exception of Expanded IMET, and expects the Expanded IMET program to emphasize civilian control of the military and human rights, and to include civilian participation.
INDONESIA
The Committee continues to be concerned with the political situation in Indonesia, as that country struggles to consolidate its recent democratic transition. While mindful of the many difficult and complex challenges Indonesia faces, the Committee is nonetheless heartened by certain positive developments. The vigorous debate and activist approach of the current, democratically elected parliaments at the national and local levels, and the effort to decentralize power and enfranchise the lower levels of government are deserving of particular recognition.
In recognition of Indonesia's immense economic challenges and development needs, the Committee recommends $135,000,000 for Indonesia in fiscal year 2002, a $15,000,000 increase above the 2001 level and the 2002 budget request. The Committee expects the Administration to increase support for democracy-building activities, rule of law and legal reform, environmental protection, human rights monitoring and education, and civil society development in Indonesia. The Committee also supports technical assistance to encourage greater media freedoms in Indonesia, as well as programs to promote responsible broadcasting, sound management, and transparency.
The Committee is acutely aware of continued reports of violence waged by the Indonesian military and police against citizens in Aceh, Papua New Guinea, and other troubled areas of the country, and strongly condemns these human rights violations. The Committee notes that human rights monitoring groups have documented over 1,000 deaths, overwhelmingly civilian, in Aceh since the beginning of the year. The Committee condemns the actions taken by Indonesia to arm militias in Central Aceh that have led to recent massacres of civilians. The Committee is deeply concerned with reports of increased intimidation, harassment, and arbitrary arrest of human rights workers, lawyers, and peace negotiators, and supports a negotiated solution to the conflict. The Committee recommends that $10,000,000 be made available for humanitarian, economic rehabilitation, and related activities in Aceh, West Papua and Maluka.
While the Committee commends the Indonesian military's refusal to inject itself into the current turmoil of Indonesian politics, there is a paucity of evidence that the military is committed to real reform, including holding its members accountable for abuses in East Timor--both before and after the 1999 referendum--and elsewhere in Indonesia. The Committee expresses its dismay and frustration with the failure of Indonesian authorities to deliver justice for the September 6, 2000, murders of three United Nations humanitarian workers in West Timor, including American Carlos Caceres. The Committee is also concerned about the Indonesian military's continued involvement in illegal business practices and other activities, including illegal logging that threatens to undermine Indonesian ecosystems.
The Committee has continued restrictions on U.S. assistance and training for the Indonesian military, and expects to be consulted on a regular basis regarding the Administration's efforts to renew military-to-military ties, primarily on a multilateral basis. It is the Committee's understanding, after consultations with the State Department, that the purpose of this modest effort to re-engage with the Indonesian military is to encourage reform. The Committee expects U.S. officials to use these opportunities to press for improvements on human rights and accountability issues. If, over the coming year, there is no convincing indication that the military is moving forward with serious reforms, even these limited activities could be curtailed. The Committee believes that such reforms would include opening its budget to public scrutiny, reorienting its mission from internal security to defense against external threats, curtailing involvement in such activities as illegal logging, prostitution and contraband smuggling, and upholding the rule of law including accountability for military personnel who commit abuses. In an effort to encourage civilian control of the military, which is a first step toward reform, the Committee has modified the restrictions in current law to enable Indonesian civilians to participate in Expanded IMET courses.
LEBANON
The Committee believes that economic development in Lebanon should be a priority for U.S. foreign policy, and expects that not less than $35,000,000 in ESF assistance will be made available for Lebanon.
The Committee is deeply disappointed that past efforts to secure the return of American children abducted to Lebanon have been unsuccessful. The Committee is aware that in some cases the Lebanese Government has failed to enforce the orders of the Lebanese civil courts. The Committee calls on the Lebanese Government to ensure that the rule of law is upheld.
MEXICO
The Committee is encouraged by recent political developments in Mexico. In addition to addressing more effectively long-standing concerns such as drug trafficking, immigration, and trade, the Committee supports the Mexican Government's efforts to resolve peacefully the conflict in Chiapas. This rural, mountainous region is inhabited by indigenous groups who have suffered for generations from extreme poverty and discrimination. The Committee believes that expanding job opportunities is key to ending the conflict.
The Committee is aware of a proposal by an organization named Xanvil, located in San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas, to work with nearby Mayan highland communities to develop a number of small museums devoted to preserving and supporting Mayan culture, textiles, pottery and other crafts. These museums, several of which already exist but are in need of technical assistance and other support, would be coupled with stores for marketing the diverse work of local Mayan artisans and a tourist guidebook to the highland museums. The Committee believes that USAID should give serious consideration to supporting this community-based, income generating project to preserve unique cultural traditions in an impoverished region.
MONGOLIA
The Committee has provided $12,000,000 in ESF assistance for Mongolia. The Committee recognizes Mongolia's achievements in consolidating its democratic transition, and commends the people of Mongolia for their participation in recent presidential elections. The Committee encourages the continued development of democratic institutions and privatization of state-owned enterprises, including the media. The Committee is concerned that constitutional guarantees of free speech be respected for all Mongolians, regardless of political affiliation.
TIBET
The Committee recommends $2,500,000 in ESF assistance for programs that provide training and education to Tibetans on democracy and human rights, preserve cultural traditions, and promote economic development and environmental conservation in Tibetan communities. The Committee is aware of the valuable assistance the Bridge Fund has provided to promote Tibetan-owned and operated businesses and educational, cultural, and natural resource conservation projects in Tibet.
SUDAN
The Committee regards the situation in southern Sudan as among the most serious humanitarian crises in the world, along with Afghanistan and the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DROC). Like the DROC, the Sudan disaster is largely man-made. With the discovery of large oil reserves in southern Sudan, the Sudanese Government appears to be determined to wrest control of the area regardless of the cost in civilian lives. Indiscriminate bombing has resulted in the deaths and displacement of large numbers of people, which has been the norm in that region for decades.
The Committee welcomes the efforts by the Secretary of State and the USAID Administrator to focus attention on the Sudan crisis and seek solutions. Like last year, the Committee has included up to $10,000,000 in ESF assistance to the National Democratic Alliance of Sudan to enable indigenous civil administrations in the opposition-controlled areas of Sudan, including but not limited to Bahr el Ghazal, to improve the welfare of their people and protect villages from slavery raids and forced displacement. These funds may be used for humanitarian and development activities, and for communications equipment, transportation and other support for inter-communal peace agreements between indigenous African and Arab groups.
SIERRA LEONE
The Committee is encouraged by recent developments in Sierra Leone, including the ability of United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) to deploy in the diamond areas and disarm members of Revolutionary United Front and pro-government militias. It is critical that the international community move quickly to strengthen disarmament efforts and peacekeeping operations in the region.
To build a lasting peace, the Committee believes that it is imperative for the international community to support a tribunal in order to bring to justice those responsible for war crimes and other atrocities committed in Sierra Leone, irrespective of where they currently reside. The Committee commends the Administration's decision to provide $15,000,000 for the tribunal in Sierra Leone, and expects the Administration to contribute at least a total of $10,000,000 in ESF for this purpose by the conclusion of fiscal year 2002, if the tribunal meets international standards of justice. Assuming the tribunal is performing according to expectations, the Committee recommends the remaining $5,000,000 to be provided in fiscal year 2003. This accelerated funding will provide greater incentive to other donors to support the tribunal in the third year. The Committee has provided sufficient funding in the ESF account and drawdown authority to accommodate this schedule.
The Committee recognizes the humanitarian crisis in West Africa involving refugees and displaced persons from Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Liberia, and has provided additional funds under the International Disaster Assistance and Migration and Refugees Assistance accounts to help enhance the response of the international community to this crisis.
The Committee is concerned about the widespread use of rape and sexual violence by combatants in Sierra Leone, which has victimized an estimated 20 percent of women and girls in the country. Only a small fraction are receiving health care and other services needed for their recovery, and these women and girls are further at risk of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases as combatants demobilize and return to their communities. The Committee urges USAID to expand services to rape victims through NGOs, and requests the State Department to develop and support a public education program on women's rights for both men and women.
ZIMBABWE
The Committee is alarmed by the continuing political, economic, and social crisis in Zimbabwe, including the collapse of the rule of law. Since the June 2000 election, in which the opposition party, Movement for Democratic Change, won more than one-third of the seats in the parliament, the government has become increasingly autocratic and continues to deploy its armed forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, sponsor violence against its citizens, and contribute to the economic decline of the nation--where at least 70 percent of the population is impoverished.
The Committee has included a provision that requires U.S. executive directors to international financial institutions to vote against loans, except those for basic human needs or democracy-building purposes, to the Government of Zimbabwe, unless the Secretary of State determines and reports that the rule of law has been restored. The Committee continues to support assistance to strengthen civil society that is not affiliated with the ruling party, and encourages the State Department to financially support international monitoring of the 2002 elections in Zimbabwe.
INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE
| Appropriations, 2001 | $165,000,000 |
| Emergency supplemental | 135,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 200,000,000 |
| House allowance | 201,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 255,000,000 |
The Committee notes that during fiscal years 1999, 2000, and 2001 a total of $348,000,000 in supplemental funding was provided for the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) to deal with crises in Africa, Eastern Europe, and Latin America. With ongoing humanitarian emergencies in Afghanistan, Colombia, El Salvador, India and sub-Saharan Africa, the demands are even greater this year. The Committee believes that the fiscal year 2002 request is inadequate to effectively respond to these emergencies, and has provided $255,000,000, which is $55,000,000 above the budget request and $90,000,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level. The Committee recognizes, however, that even this increase may fall far short of what is needed to meet these critical humanitarian needs.
AFGHANISTAN
The Committee believes that the situation in Afghanistan is perhaps the most urgent, massive humanitarian crisis anywhere. The Committee commends OFDA and the Bureau for Migration and Refugee Affairs for the efforts they have made to respond to the Afghan emergency, and urges them to make every effort to provide additional relief to Afghans who have been displaced within their own country, and Afghan refugees in Pakistan and elsewhere.
EL SALVADOR
The Committee shares the House's concern about the need for larger amounts of relief and reconstruction assistance for victims of the devastating earthquakes in El Salvador. The Committee expects USAID to utilize funds from International Disaster Assistance, Transition Initiatives, and other appropriate accounts in the bill, to provide assistance that is additional to the amount requested by the Administration for El Salvador in fiscal year 2002.
The Committee encourages USAID to seriously consider a proposal of $100,000 by Unified Salvadorians to construct homes in El Salvador for families left homeless from the earthquakes.
DISASTER RELIEF TECHNOLOGIES
The Committee strongly supports the public-private partnership between the International Organization for Migration and United States firms working to develop the Colombian Digital Information Program (CDIP), an Internet-based communications tool capable of delivering visual reporting on efforts to assist refugees and internally displaced people. The Committee recommends funding from the Andean Counterdrug Initiative for CDIP to assist with the humanitarian needs in the region.
TRANSITION INITIATIVES
| Appropriations, 2001 | $50,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 50,000,000 |
| House allowance | 40,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 52,500,000 |
The Committee commends the work of USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives, which is on the ground in countries around the world providing essential assistance to bridge the gap between emergency relief and long-term development.
DEVELOPMENT CREDIT AUTHORITY
SUBSIDY APPROPRIATION
| Appropriations, 2001 | $1,500,0000 |
| (By transfer 2001) | (5,000,000) |
| Fiscal year 2002 request | ........................... |
| (By transfer) | (25,000,000) |
| House allowance | ........................... |
| (By transfer) | (12,500,000) |
| Committee recommendation | ........................... |
| (By transfer) | (25,000,000) |
In addition to other uses of the Development Credit Authority, the Committee expects USAID to direct greater resources to the acute needs of the urban poor whose numbers are growing at an alarming rate. It is estimated that soon half the world's population will be urban, and almost the entire 2.5 billion increase in population in the next 25 years will occur in cities in the developing countries. Poverty, malnutrition, and chronic disease are prevalent in these areas, where slum conditions adversely affect health, security, economic progress, and the environment.
OPERATING EXPENSES
| Appropriations, 2001 | $4,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 7,500,000 |
| House allowance | 7,500,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 7,500,000 |
PAYMENT TO THE FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY FUND
| Appropriations, 2001 | $44,489,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 44,880,000 |
| House allowance | 44,880,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 44,880,000 |
The Foreign Service retirement and disability fund is a mandatory expense of USAID.
OPERATING EXPENSES OF THE UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
| Appropriations, 2001 | $520,000,000 |
| Emergency funding | 13,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 549,000,000 |
| House allowance | 549,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 549,000,000 |
The Committee provides an appropriation of $549,000,000 for operating expenses of the United States Agency for International Development.
The fiscal year 2002 increase for operating expenses is, in part, the result of mandatory cost increases in such items as salaries and rents, as well as a reduction in the availability of non-appropriated sources of funds such as prior year recoveries that can be used to pay USAID administrative costs.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND MANAGEMENT REFORMS
The Committee strongly supports the USAID Administrator's efforts to reform USAID's procurement, personnel, information technology and financial management systems. Unless these systems are streamlined and brought into efficient, working order, USAID will be unable to make the best use of appropriated funds. Despite the assurances of former USAID Administrators that these broken systems would be fixed, they have continued to plague USAID's employees, contractors and grantees, the Congress, and at least indirectly, USAID's intended beneficiaries. The Committee believes that there are few, if any, higher priorities for USAID and expects the Administrator to keep the Committee informed about the status of these efforts.
OPERATING EXPENSES OF THE OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
| Appropriations, 2001 | $27,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 32,000,000 |
| House allowance | 30,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 32,000,000 |
The Committee provides an appropriation of $32,000,000 for operating expenses of the Office of the Inspector General.
OTHER BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
ECONOMIC SUPPORT FUND
| Appropriations, 2001 | $2,295,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 2,249,000,000 |
| House allowance | 2,199,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 2,239,500,000 |
MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
In 1998, the United States reached agreements with the Governments of Israel and Egypt to reduce the levels of ESF assistance for these countries over a 10-year schedule. In accordance with this schedule, the Committee has included $720,000,000 for Israel and $655,000,000 for Egypt for fiscal year 2002. The Committee provides $150,000,000 for assistance for Jordan, which is the request level.
The Committee has included bill language in past Foreign Operations Appropriations Acts providing that economic assistance to Israel not cause an adverse impact on the total level of nonmilitary exports from the United States, and has not changed its position on this issue. The Committee does understand that the Government of Israel intends to act consistently with past agreements in this regard and appreciates this expression of good will and good faith.
The Committee recognizes that Egypt is a vital and strategic ally of the United States and continues to play a key role in the Middle East peace process. However, the Committee notes, with concern, several challenges to the rule of law, human rights, and democracy in Egypt. These include the arrest of human rights advocate Dr. Saad Eddin Ibrahim and repeated attacks on the United States in the Egyptian press. The Committee is also concerned about reports regarding the procurement of missile technology from North Korea by the Government of Egypt. The Committee recognizes that the Government of Egypt has denied those reports. The Committee requests the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Director of Central Intelligence, to submit a report to the Committees on Appropriations not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of the Act in classified and/or unclassified form, describing Egypt's assistance in the Middle East peace process and the possible proliferation of weapons or missile technology from North Korea to the Middle East.
The Committee has learned of the near epidemic incidence of diabetes in Egypt. The Committee is also aware of a proposal requesting that financial assistance be provided through the Joslin Diabetes Center in Boston, Massachusetts, to construct a diabetes unit at Mansoura University in Egypt. The Committee encourages USAID to give serious consideration to supporting this initiative.
MIDDLE EAST REGIONAL COOPERATION
The Committee supports the Middle East Regional Cooperation (MERC) program, which fosters mutually beneficial technical cooperation between experts from Israel and neighboring Arab countries. The Committee also supports the Galilee Society and Arava Institute for Environmental Studies, and urges the Administration to seriously consider funding proposals by these organizations.
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
The Committee recommends at least $2,000,000 from the Development Assistance, SEED, and ESF accounts to support conflict resolution programs, including those which bring together teenagers of different ethnic, religious, and political backgrounds from areas of civil conflict and war. The Committee believes that the following programs are among those deserving financial support--
--Seeds of Peace, a widely respected organization which promotes understanding between teenagers in the Middle East, Cyprus, and the Balkans;
--The International Crisis Group, whose analysts in the field identify potentially explosive problems, produce objective assessments, and prescribe coherent and effective policy responses to prevent or reduce the level of violence resulting from complex crises;
--A production on Israel Educational Television and Al-Quds Educational Television, involving Israeli and Palestinian participants, which has been a catalyst for conflict resolution, changing attitudes, and breaking down stereotypes among children of different backgrounds in the region; and
--The School for International Training's Conflict Transformation Across Cultures Program.
WAR CRIMES TRIBUNALS
The Committee commends the Administration's decisions to maintain the Office of War Crimes Issues and to support the war crimes tribunals in Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and Sierra Leone. The Committee expects the Administration to ensure that the tribunals have sufficient budgets, staff, and equipment, and has provided an additional $5,000,000 in drawdown authority for war crimes tribunals established or authorized by the U.N. Security Council with U.S. support, including the tribunal in Sierra Leone. The Committee also urges the Administration, where appropriate, to support commissions or judicial bodies that complement the activities of these tribunals.
The Committee notes that drawdowns made under this section are unrelated to the establishment of an international criminal court.
GREAT LAKES JUSTICE INITIATIVE
The Committee notes that the recent history of the African Great Lakes Region has included massive starvation and ethnic violence, including genocide. There is an absence of accountability for human rights abuses and other crimes that inhibits reconciliation, conflict resolution, and long-term prospects for peace. The Committee supports full funding of the budget request from the ESF account for the Great Lakes Justice Initiative (GLJI), and encourages the Administration to direct a higher proportion of GLJI funds to programs traditionally defined as justice activities, including the support of court systems, training of judicial personnel, and promoting public awareness of laws.
REGIONAL DEMOCRACY PROGRAMS IN ASIA
The Committee supports funding for programs and activities conducted in Asia on a regional basis that promote democracy, human rights, the rule of law, press freedoms, and good governance. The Committee commends the efforts of the Alliance for Reform and Democracy in Asia (ARDA), a grouping of Asian democrats from Australia, Burma, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Singapore, and Thailand. The Committee also applauds the recent actions taken by the ARDA in Malaysia to secure the release of jailed democracy activists. The Committee recognizes Taiwan's democratic achievements, and believes that Taiwan has relevant experiences to share with regional democrats and reformers.
ASSISTANCE FOR EASTERN EUROPE AND THE BALTIC STATES
| Appropriations, 2001 | $600,000,000 |
| Emergency funding | 75,825,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 605,000,000 |
| House allowance | 600,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 603,000,000 |
The Committee has provided $603,000,000 for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States, which is $3,000,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level.
INSTITUTIONALIZED CHILDREN IN ROMANIA
The Committee is aware that approximately 150,000 Romanian children reside in destitute child-care institutions where they suffer from severe medical, nutritional, and psychological neglect. The Committee encourages USAID to support organizations with expertise in this field, such as Care for Children International, to combat this problem in Romania and around the world.
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY IN ALBANIA
The Committee is aware of an initiative to establish an American University in Albania that will utilize distance learning technologies to provide graduate courses to Albanian students, who might otherwise emigrate for opportunities abroad. The Committee is informed that several American universities and corporations have pledged support, and that the Albanian Government has donated a facility to house the university. The Committee encourages USAID to consider supporting this initiative with ASHA or SEED funds.
INTERNATIONAL CRIME
The Committee continues to support the Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI), which is designed to promote regional cooperation to more effectively combat transnational crime, and recommends that the State Department provide additional technical assistance funds to SECI of up to $1,000,000.
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INITIATIVES
The Committee commends the efforts by the American Bar Association (ABA) to strengthen democracy through programs that promote the rule of law in Central and Eastern Europe. The Committee expects USAID to maintain funding for these projects, and requests USAID to seriously consider providing up to $500,000 for an ABA-CEELI project with the Academic Consortium for Global Education (ACGE), to develop a database of ongoing legal reform efforts by Federal agencies in CEE/FSU countries and to implement a multimedia distance learning network that will complement these efforts.
COUNTRY ISSUES
BULGARIA
The Committee expects that, of the funds made available for assistance for Bulgaria, $4,600,000 will be provided to complete the full-scope simulator for the Kozludoy Plant (Units 3-4). The Committee is pleased that the National Electric Company of Bulgaria has provided the majority of funds necessary for installation of this simulator for operator training.
SERBIA
The Committee has provided up to $115,000,000 to help the Serbian people recover from the economic collapse, political violence, and social upheaval of the Milosevic period. The Committee recognizes the courage of Serbian democrats in facilitating the historic transfer of Slobodan Milosevic to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), and commends the people of Serbia for acknowledging the crimes against humanity committed by Milosevic and others under his command. The Committee strongly supports the efforts of the ICTY to deliver justice for war crimes and other violations of international humanitarian law committed in the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991. The Committee encourages the efforts of Serbian democrats and reformers to implement political, legal, and economic reforms necessitated by years of corruption and warfare. The Committee has conditioned assistance that may be made available after March 31, 2002, to Serbia on continued cooperation with the ICTY, the termination of financial support to the Bosnian Serb entity's military and intelligence services, and respect for the rule of law. The Committee is concerned that, while many of the Kosovar Albanians imprisoned by the Milosevic regime have been released, some political prisoners remain incarcerated in Serbia. The Committee calls for their immediate release.
MONTENEGRO
The Committee expects that not less than $45,000,000 will be made available for assistance for Montenegro, and strongly supports Montenegro's efforts to implement political, legal, and economic reforms. The Committee commends the people of Montenegro for their participation in recent parliamentary elections, and believes that Montenegro, alone and in consultation with Serbia, must decide its own fate regarding independence.
The Committee is aware of a proposal to strengthen and modernize the Parliament of Montenegro by improving access to independent information and enhancing its capacity to perform research and analysis. The Committee encourages USAID to seriously consider supporting this initiative.
MACEDONIA
The Committee believes that a unified and independent Macedonia is in United States national security interests and requires high level U.S. involvement. The Committee supports the negotiation of a political solution to the current crisis, and applauds the efforts of ethnic Macedonian and Albanian leaders, as well as the United States and European officials, who worked tirelessly in support of the recent agreement to end the conflict. The Committee is aware that the situation remains fragile, and will closely monitor the implementation of the agreement by both sides. The Committee condemns the use of violence against any citizens in Macedonia, and notes with concern the displacement of ethnic Albanians and Macedonians within Macedonia and in neighboring countries. The Committee believes that the Government of Macedonia must address the concerns of all Macedonian citizens, including ethnic Albanians, in a fair and equitable manner, and ensure the protection of lives and property of all citizens of Macedonia. The Committee expects USAID and the State Department to provide assistance to Macedonia relating to decentralization, education, census, electoral and parliamentary reform, institution building, and accountability and transparency in governance.
ASSISTANCE FOR THE INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION
| Appropriations, 2001 | $810,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 808,000,000 |
| House allowance | 768,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 800,000,000 |
The Committee provides $800,000,000 for Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union for fiscal year 2002.
LEGAL EDUCATION
The Committee is concerned about the quality of education for lawyers, judges, and others responsible for interpreting new laws in the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern Europe. The Committee recommends that USAID consider funding a distance learning project to deliver a high quality program of instruction in basic legal principles.
HEALTH CARE PARTNERSHIPS AND MEDICAL EDUCATION
The Committee is concerned that the current funding level for health partnerships in the five former Soviet republics in Central Asia is inadequate to meet the pressing health care needs in the region, and recommends that USAID increase funding above the current level for these programs. The Committee also supports the continuation of the North Dakota-Turkmenistan Health Partnership and other health partnerships in the former Soviet republics that are managed through a cooperative agreement with the American International Health Alliance.
The Committee has followed the work of the Eurasian Medical Education Program of the American College of Physicians in continuing the medical education of Russian physicians in the treatment of tuberculosis, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. This exchange program has been carried out in four regions of the Russian Federation, and volunteer American physicians have shared experience and knowledge with their Russian colleagues to the benefit of the Russian medical profession and the Russian population. The Committee supports this program and requests to be consulted regarding future funding for it.
TRAINING AND EXCHANGES IN THE FORMER SOVIET UNION AND CENTRAL EUROPE
As in past years, the Committee recommends funding for the Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research and Training Program (Title VIII) of at least $5,000,000. This will continue the existing program from funds in the SEED and FSU accounts. The Committee strongly recommends that the existing administrative mechanism within the State Department for the Title VIII program be preserved. The Committee also supports other education and training programs in both regions, such as the East Central European Scholarship Program (ECESP). The Committee requests USAID to continue to support the Moscow School of Political Studies' efforts to teach democratic and free market principles to Russian students and other community leaders.
ORPHANS
The Committee continues to support USAID's Russian orphans strategy, which focuses on programs to reduce the number of children entering state orphanages and works with orphanage officials to meet the immediate medical and basic needs of these children. The Committee applauds the work of Holt International Children's Services and Mercy Corps International and encourages USAID to also consult with Rotary International, the Anchorage Interfaith Council, and the Municipality of Anchorage to enhance programs for orphans in the Russian Far East. The Committee recommends $3,500,000 for this program in fiscal year 2002.
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
The Committee commends the efforts by USAID, the State Department, and the Justice Department to implement programs to combat domestic violence in Russia. The Committee believes the Administration should continue to consult closely with and provide direct support to the Russian Association of Crisis Centers for Women to further strengthen local capacity to respond to this endemic problem. Emphasis should be given to strengthening police and prosecutorial capacity to prevent and punish abuses. In addition, American grant recipients, including police trainers, should have expertise in domestic violence issues, and Russian NGOs should be consulted in the design, evaluation, and monitoring of these programs. The Committee recommends funding for these activities at not less than the current level, and requests the State Department to submit a report by April 1, 2002, summarizing the actions taken, results to date, and future plans for this initiative.
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
The Committee is aware of the Primary Health Care Initiative of the World Council of Hellenes, which was instituted in the former Soviet republics to provide desperately needed basic health care. This program, which is alleviating suffering of people through thousands of visits each month, is also beneficial to U.S. relations with these countries. The Committee recommends $2,000,000 in FSU funds for this program in fiscal year 2002.
INDEPENDENT MEDIA
The Committee recognizes that several governments in the former Soviet Union continue to undermine the work of independent media outlets and journalists. The Committee supports efforts to achieve a genuinely self-sustainable media, which operates in a fair and transparent legal environment.
COUNTRY ISSUES
RUSSIA
The Committee has again included language in the bill that withholds 60 percent of assistance for the Government of the Russian Federation unless the President determines and certifies to the Committees on Appropriations that the Government of the Russian Federation has terminated its nuclear relationship with Iran, is cooperating with international efforts to investigate war crimes and other atrocities in Chechnya, and is providing full access to international nongovernmental organizations to provide humanitarian relief to refugees and internally displaced persons in Chechnya.
CHECHNYA
The Committee is alarmed by the flagrant disregard for human life and the use of excessive force by Russian troops against Chechen noncombatants. In addition to the atrocities committed by the Russian military, the Government of the Russian Federation has repeatedly failed to investigate and hold accountable those responsible for these crimes. The Committee expects the Secretaries of State and Defense to urge their Russian counterparts to permit international humanitarian organizations to have unimpeded access to Chechnya. The Committee also requests the State Department to submit a report to the Committee 90 days after the date of enactment of the Act describing the response of the Russian Government.
ARMENIA
The Committee has provided $90,000,000 for Armenia, and urges the Armenian Government to continue to accelerate economic reforms. The Committee expects that not less than $5,000,000 of these funds will be provided to the Government of Armenia for an education initiative, including the provision of computers and Internet access to primary and secondary schools. The Committee is aware of the work of the Armenian Technology Group in assisting the Armenian private sector in a seed multiplication program. The Committee continues to support the expansion of these efforts in additional countries in the Central Asia region.
AZERBAIJAN
The Committee has included a provision which continues current law relating to section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act, by restating an exemption that allows for humanitarian and certain other types of assistance to the region, including for refugees and displaced persons.
UKRAINE
The Committee has provided $180,000,000 for assistance for Ukraine. The Committee firmly believes that the independence and sovereignty of Ukraine is of crucial strategic importance to the United States and stability in Europe. The Committee notes that the level of assistance for Ukraine takes on heightened significance as Ukraine prepares for parliamentary elections in March 2002, the outcome of which may determine the country's future direction. The Committee urges the State Department to support programs that encourage free and fair elections, strengthen the rule of law, support the next generation of Ukrainians, focus on private sector development (particularly agriculture), reform the commercial legal code, and help develop the nongovernmental sector of Ukrainian society.
The Committee is extremely concerned about the conditions under which journalists work in Ukraine. The recent murder of two journalists under questionable circumstances and the slow investigation of these two cases casts serious doubt on the commitment of the Government of Ukraine to an independent media, the rule of law, and the independence of the judicial system.
The Committee believes that assistance for Ukraine can only succeed if the government is committed to economic and democratic reforms. While Ukraine's economy has started growing, this trend cannot be sustained without a commitment to the rule of law. The Committee believes that prompt, thorough, and competent investigations and prosecutions of these murder cases would help to demonstrate such a commitment. Alternatively, the continued absence of such actions might suggest that a reduced level of assistance is warranted. The Committee encourages the U.S. Embassy in Kiev to extend an offer of the services of the Federal Bureau of Investigations through their Legal Officer to the Government of Ukraine to assist in the investigations into these murders.
The Committee expects that of the amount provided for nuclear safety not less than $21,500,000 will be provided for the installation of simulators for enhanced operator training. Specifically, $12,000,000 should be provided for a full-scope simulator at the Rivne reactor, $5,000,000 for Remote Shutdown Panels, $2,000,000 for two simulator Safety Parameter Display Systems, and $2,500,000 for an analytical simulator for the Sebastopol Institute which has become the primary source of training of engineers and operators for the Ukrainian nuclear industry.
The Committee recognizes the critical nature of a diverse energy supply and a comprehensive, viable energy policy to Ukraine's independent development and economic future. The Committee recommends that funds as necessary be provided for U.S. technical assistance to the Task Force established by Presidential Order (#42/2001) on February 27, 2001.
The Committee supports funding for successful community partnership programs and activities in Ukraine, such as those administered by the United States-Ukraine Foundation.
GEORGIA
The Committee provides $90,000,000 for assistance for Georgia. The Committee notes that continued support to Georgia is in United States national security interests and strongly encourages that programs relating to border and export controls, energy, and political, legal, and economic reform continue. The Committee remains concerned with the incidence of corruption in Georgia, and the limited progress by Russia in closing military bases in Georgia. The Committee supports programs implemented by the American Academy in Tbilisi, and recommends an increased level of funding for the Academy's activities. The Committee provides that not less than $3,000,000 should be made available for a small business development project relating to private sector technology start-ups for Georgia.
NAGORONO-KARABAGH
The Committee continues to be concerned about the plight of victims of the Nagorono-Karabagh conflict, and expects that the remainder of the $20,000,000 in humanitarian assistance, initially provided for in the fiscal year 1998 Act, will be promptly disbursed.
INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
PEACE CORPS
| Appropriations, 2001 | $265,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 275,000,000 |
| House allowance | 275,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 275,000,000 |
The Committee continues to strongly support the Peace Corps, which has volunteers in 76 countries, and has increased funding by $10,000,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level.
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION
| Appropriations, 2001 | ($16,000,000) |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | (16,042,000) |
| House allowance | 16,042,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 16,542,000 |
The Committee includes funding for the African Development Foundation (ADF) under the Independent Agencies account, and provides $16,542,000 for the ADF, which is $542,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level and $500,000 above the request.
INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION
| Appropriations, 2001 | ($12,000,000) |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | (12,108,000) |
| House allowance | 12,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 13,106,950 |
The Committee includes funding for the Inter-America Foundation (IAF) under the Independent Agencies account, and provides $13,106,950 for the IAF, which is $1,106,950 above the fiscal year 2001 level.
The Committee recognizes the progress the IAF has made in the past year in reforming its fiscal policies and practices. The IAF's decision to contract with the Bureau of Public Debt to maintain the general ledger is a positive step. However, while the use of an external entity for this purpose may be a sensible, partial solution, the Committee wants to be assured that internal oversight of fiscal and programmatic activities do not suffer. The Committee looks forward to reviewing the IAF's new plans to establish and implement procedures that ensure sound fiscal and programmatic management by its staff.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
| Appropriations, 2001 | $325,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 217,000,000 |
| House allowance | 217,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 217,000,000 |
The Committee has provided $217,000,000, the request level, for International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement programs.
TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS
The Committee provides $10,000,000 in INL funds for programs and activities to counter trafficking in persons. The Committee commends the Department of State for its `Trafficking in Persons Report', and believes that the ranking of nations in different tiers, according to compliance with standards outlined in Public Law 106-386, is an illustrative and effective means to highlight the efforts and deficiencies of countries to address this problem. The Committee urges continued and greater emphasis on programs and activities that directly address this endemic problem. The Committee remains strongly committed to assisting women and children who are often the most innocent victims of this gross human rights violation, which also contributes to the spread of HIV/AIDS. These funds should be used to provide social services to trafficking victims, educational and economic development programs to prevent trafficking, and technical assistance to government efforts to combat trafficking in countries of origin. The Committee requests to be consulted prior to the obligation of these funds.
MARITIME INTERDICTION
The Committee believes that both the Bahamas and Costa Rica play important roles in combating the flow of illegal narcotics, especially through maritime interdiction efforts. Therefore, not later than 90 days after enactment, the Committee expects the State Department to submit a report on the procurement needs of the governments of the Bahamas and Costa Rica to implement an effective counternarcotics strategy. This report is to examine these needs, including an assessment of the procurement of high speed boats, within the context of the projected budget for counternarcotics programs in fiscal year 2003.
ANDEAN COUNTERDRUG INITIATIVE
| Appropriations, 2001 | ........................... |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | $731,000,000 |
| House allowance | 675,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 567,000,000 |
The Committee has provided a total of $718,000,000 for the Andean Regional Initiative requested by the Administration, of which $567,000,000 is for the Andean Counterdrug Initiative.
FISCAL YEAR 2002 ANDEAN REGIONAL INITIATIVE
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Request Committee recommendation
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Andean Counterdrug Initiative:
Narcotics Programs $438,500,000 $367,000,000
Security Programs 4,000,000 4,000,000
Economic and Social Programs 292,500,000 200,000,000
Other Andean Assistance: Humanitarian and Development Programs 147,290,000 147,000,000
Total, Andean Regional Initiative 882,290,000 718,000,000
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When added to fiscal year 2001 bilateral assistance to the region and approximately $1,300,000,000 for Plan Colombia, this appropriation of $718,000,000 in fiscal year 2002 will bring total U.S. contributions to the Andean region to more than $2,000,000,000 over the last 2 years.
The Committee notes that Plan Colombia is a $7,500,000,000, 6 year effort, developed in conjunction with the Colombian Government, to combat drug trafficking and support democracy and economic development in Colombia. An unspecified portion of the non-United States funds for Plan Colombia are to be contributed by other donors, including the European Union (EU) and the international financial institutions, as well as the Colombian Government itself. So far, few if any funds have actually been provided by the EU. It is unclear how much the Colombian Government has provided above its regular budget for defense, law enforcement, and social programs.
Seventy-nine percent of the fiscal year 2001 U.S. funds were for military and police programs, including the purchase of Blackhawk helicopters, training Colombian counterdrug battalions, aerial fumigation of coca and poppy, and related activities. The remainder was for economic, social, and justice programs. Most of the military and police assistance has been committed. Although the first Blackhawks did not arrive in Colombia until July 27, 2001, the Colombian Government reports that a large portion of the coca crop has already been destroyed. In contrast, the economic, social, and justice programs have barely begun.
The Committee believes that because of the threats posed by drug traffickers, rebels, and paramilitaries in Colombia, the United States should strongly support Colombia and its neighbors. However, the Congress and Administration appear to share the view that unless the demand for illegal drugs is curtailed in the United States, the Andean Counterdrug Program will not succeed.
While it is too soon to pass judgment on the success or failure of this initiative, the Committee is concerned that far too little priority has been given to utilizing the fiscal year 2001 funds for economic, social, and justice programs. Although the fumigation effort has gone forward rapidly, paramilitary violence has increased sharply, hundreds of thousands of people are displaced in their own country, and little has been provided in the way of alternative sources of income for Colombian farmers whose coca crops, and in some instances their licit crops, have been destroyed. Similarly, few of the funds appropriated last year to strengthen the justice system, particularly the Colombian Attorney General's Human Rights Unit, have been spent.
The Committee believes that $718,000,000 for the Andean region is a substantial investment, on top of last year's $1,300,000,000 appropriation, and the most that can reasonably be provided given other demands on the budget and the lack of any evidence, to date, that this initiative will have an appreciable impact on America's drug problem. The Committee also notes that many Members have expressed concerns that this program is drawing the United States into a prolonged civil war that may pose grave risks to American personnel and further hardships for the Colombian people. At least $200,000,000 of the counterdrug funds are to be apportioned directly to USAID for economic and social programs, in order to facilitate faster disbursement of these funds. The Committee has retained limits imposed in fiscal year 2001 on the number of U.S. military on duty, and U.S. civilian personnel employed, in Colombia.
The Administration did not request funds to procure new aircraft for the Andean countries, as the costs involved would limit the allocation for economic and social programs. The Committee, however, is aware that certain types of aircraft could be used by these governments to enhance counternarcotics efforts. Therefore, no later than 90 days after enactment, the Committee expects the State Department to submit a report on the feasibility of procuring additional aircraft for Bolivia, Colombia, and Ecuador, within the projected budget for counternarcotics programs in fiscal year 2003.
The Committee is aware of the successful work of Aid To Artisans (ATA), which provides technical assistance and marketing support to artisans in poor countries. ATA has proposed an Andean Artisan Enterprise Initiative, to expand markets for artisans in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. The Committee believes that this type of program should be supported to provide viable, alternative sources of income to people in this region.
The Committee is supportive of biotechnology research at American institutions to promote the cultivation of alternative crops, including cocoa, in the Andean countries.
COLOMBIA
The Committee believes that a peaceful and prosperous Colombia is important to United States interests in the western hemisphere, and that the foundation for any successful counternarcotics strategy is economic development, a lasting resolution of civil strife and the implementation of meaningful political, legal, economic, and social reforms. The Committee recognizes some progress on human rights, but strongly condemns paramilitary and insurgent groups, and the Colombian military involved in committing atrocities against noncombatants. The Committee recommends an increased emphasis on support for programs that protect and promote human rights, the rule of law, and the economic welfare of the Colombian people.
Like last year, the Committee has included conditions on assistance to the Colombian military which emphasize respect for human rights and civilian justice. The Committee is particularly concerned about the surge in paramilitary violence, persistent reports of cooperation between the military and paramilitaries, and the impunity of military officers who order or commit atrocities. The Committee believes that far more aggressive action is needed, by the Colombian Government and military, to thwart it. This should also be a priority for United States policy.
The Committee is alarmed by the pattern of attacks against trade unionists; 112 were killed in 2000, and another 51 by June 2001. Little effort, if any, has been made to apprehend and bring to justice those responsible.
The Committee also deplores the ongoing abuses by the FARC, extensively documented by human rights organizations, including the forced recruitment of child soldiers, murder, kidnaping, and collusion with drug traffickers. The Committee calls on other nations, particularly Mexico and the Scandinavian countries, to exert greater influence on the FARC to repudiate these tactics and participate seriously in negotiations toward a settlement of the conflict.
Similar to last year, in order to continue to monitor the use of the funds made available for this initiative, the Committee expects that, not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of the Act and every 120 days thereafter, the Secretary of State will submit a report to the Committees on Appropriations containing--
--A description of the extent to which the Colombian armed forces have suspended from the armed forces those members, of whatever rank, who have been credibly alleged to have committed gross violations of human rights, and are providing to civilian prosecutors and judicial authorities requested information concerning the nature and cause of the suspension.
--An assessment of the extent to which the Colombian armed forces are cooperating with civilian authorities, including providing access to witnesses and relevant military information, in prosecuting and punishing in civilian courts those members, of whatever rank, who have been credibly alleged to have committed gross violations of human rights, or to have aided or abetted paramilitary groups.
--An assessment of the extent to which the Colombian armed forces are severing links, including intelligence sharing, at the command, battalion, and brigade levels, with paramilitary groups, and executing outstanding arrest warrants for members of such groups.
--A description of the extent to which attacks against human rights defenders, trade unionists and government prosecutors, investigators and civilian judicial officials, are being investigated and the alleged perpetrators brought to justice.
--A description of actions taken by the United States, the Colombian Government, and other countries to promote and support negotiations toward a settlement of the conflict in Colombia.
--An accounting of the financial support for Plan Colombia provided by the Government of Colombia (compared to its expenditures prior to fiscal year 2001) and the international community.
The Committee is aware of national security legislation passed by the Colombian Congress on June 20, 2001. The Secretary of State is requested to submit a report not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of the Act and 120 days thereafter, containing--
--An accounting of incidents of arbitrary and prolonged incommunicado detention by members of the Colombian armed forces and police, and whether those incidents have increased;
--An assessment of the effectiveness of investigations conducted by military personnel, as provided for in the security law, compared to those carried out by civilian authorities; and
--An analysis of the effects of the security law on Colombia's commitments under international treaties.
NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
The Committee is concerned about the spill-over of the narcotics trade from Colombia to its neighbors, and commends the Administration for its regional approach this year. It may only be a matter of time before Colombia's neighbors face large influxes of refugees, drug traffickers, and insurgents.
Bolivia- The Committee is concerned that this spill-over effect may undermine the achievements of the Bolivian Government in eradicating coca growth within its borders. The Committee recognizes the success of alternative development activities in Bolivia, and commends the Bolivian Government for its counterdrug efforts. The Committee expects the State Department to provide sufficient funding to continue these activities. The Committee continues to be concerned with reports of unsolved cases of human rights abuses involving security forces that may receive U.S. assistance. The Committee expects that the U.S. Embassy will be more vigilant in pursuing human rights issues with the Government of Bolivia and determining if there is compliance with applicable U.S. laws governing the provision of assistance.
Ecuador- Ecuadoran law enforcement personnel have noted incursions by rebels and paramilitaries, cocaine laboratories, kidnappings of foreign employees, and coca cultivation within Ecuadoran territory. The Committee urges the State Department to give priority to programs that assist Ecuador in strengthening border security.
Peru- The Committee notes the success of the Government of Peru in reducing the country's domestic coca crop. The Committee recognizes that narco-traffickers in Colombia may seek to migrate to growing areas inside Peru, should counterdrug efforts prove effective in Colombia. The Government of Peru has brought to the Committee's attention its concern with new methods of cocaine production, new air trafficking routes, and increased land and maritime transportation that may weaken once successful interdiction efforts. The Committee expects the State Department to assess Peru's priority counterdrug needs, as well as programs to strengthen democracy, civil society, and the rule of law in Peru.
The Committee notes the tragic deaths of Veronica Bowers and Charity Bowers in the shooting down of their aircraft by the Peruvian military in April 2001, and expects the State Department to consult the Committee regarding any plan to resume a policy of shooting down suspected drug-trafficking aircraft.
MIGRATION AND REFUGEE ASSISTANCE
| Appropriations, 2001 | $700,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 715,000,000 |
| House allowance | 715,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 735,000,000 |
The Committee is aware that a number of urgent humanitarian crises around the world, including those in Afghanistan, Central and West Africa, Indonesia, and the North Caucasus, have left millions of individuals at risk of starvation, exposure, and disease. The Committee provides $735,000,000 for the Migration and Refugee Assistance account, which is $20,000,000 above the Administration's budget request and $35,000,000 above the amount provided in fiscal year 2001.
RESETTLEMENT IN ISRAEL
The Committee provides $60,000,000 for the resettlement of humanitarian migrants from the former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Ethiopia, and other parts of the world to Israel. This is equal to the amount appropriated in fiscal year 2001.
UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES
The Committee is aware that the fiscal year 2002 budget of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is projected to be $130,000,000 below the current level, due primarily to a dramatic decline in contributions from European countries. This has caused UNHCR to reduce expenditures by scaling back field operations at a time of increasing demands. The Committee is concerned by these developments and supports ongoing efforts by UNHCR to seek additional contributions from Europe. The Committee has increased funds for Migration and Refugee Assistance with the expectation that the State Department will continue its strong support for UNHCR in fiscal year 2002.
PROTECTION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN RELIEF WORKERS
The Committee recognizes that the rise of ethnic conflict and civil wars have required humanitarian relief workers to frequently operate in war zones where there is no functioning government and it is extremely difficult to differentiate between combatants and civilians. As a result, refugee and other disaster relief situations have become increasingly hazardous for international aid workers, resulting in a number of tragic deaths. The Committee is extremely concerned with these developments and expects that, no later than April 1, 2002, the State Department will submit a report describing the efforts the United States and international humanitarian organizations, including UNHCR and the International Committee of the Red Cross, are taking to improve the safety of relief workers and identify how additional U.S. financial, technical, or other forms of assistance could enhance these efforts.
TIBETAN REFUGEES
Like last year, the Committee supports continued funding to assist Tibetan refugees and recommends $2,000,000 for this purpose. The Committee requests the State Department to coordinate with USAID in determining responsibility for long term assistance for Tibetan refugees.
NORTH KOREAN AND MONTAGNARD REFUGEES
The Committee is deeply concerned with the reported increase in the number of North Korean refugees fleeing to China, and Montagnard refugees fleeing Vietnam to Cambodia. The Committee recognizes that oppressive political, social, and economic conditions in North Korea and Vietnam contribute to this movement of people. The Committee is appalled at reports of the forcible repatriation of refugees to North Korea and Vietnam, and calls upon the State Department and international relief organizations to ensure the adequate and safe treatment of refugees. The Committee requests the Secretary of State to report to the Committees on Appropriations, not later than 60 days after the date of enactment, on steps taken by the State Department, USAID, and international relief organizations to protect the human rights and dignity of refugees from North Korea and Vietnam, and on the policy implications that arise from the continued movement of people from North Korea to China, and from Vietnam to Cambodia.
EMERGENCY REFUGEE AND MIGRATION ASSISTANCE FUND
| Appropriations, 2001 | $15,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 15,000,000 |
| House allowance | 15,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 15,000,000 |
The Committee recommends $15,000,000 for the emergency refugee and migration assistance fund.
NONPROLIFERATION, ANTI-TERRORISM, DEMINING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS
| Appropriations, 2001 | $311,600,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 332,000,000 |
| House allowance | 311,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 326,500,000 |
The Committee has provided $326,500,000 for the NADR account for fiscal year 2002. The following chart indicates fiscal year 2001 funding for the programs in this account, the Administration's request for fiscal year 2002, and the Committee recommendations for fiscal year 2002:
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Program of activity 2001 enacted 2002 request Committee recommendation
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Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund $14,967,000 $14,000,000 $14,000,000
Export Control Assistance 19,100,000 17,000,000 17,000,000
Science Centers 35,000,000 37,000,000 37,000,000
IAEA Voluntary Contribution 47,000,000 49,000,000 50,000,000
CTBT Preparatory Commission 21,056,000 20,000,000 20,000,000
Korean Penisula Energy Development Organization 54,879,000 95,000,000 95,000,000
Nonproliferation Contingency 20,000,000
Anti-Terrorism Assistance 38,000,000 38,000,000 38,000,000
Terrorist Interdiction Program 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000
Lockerbie Trial Support 15,000,000 16,000,000 8,000,000
Humanitarian Demining Program 39,912,000 40,000,000 40,000,000
Small Arms Destruction 2,000,000 2,000,000 3,500,000
Rescission 686,000
Total Budget Authority 311,600,000 332,000,000 326,500,000
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TERRORIST INTERDICTION PROGRAM
The Committee has recommended $4,000,000 for the Terrorist Interdiction Program, which is designed to enhance border security overseas to reduce terrorism. The Committee supports the State Department's plans and looks forward to continued consultations on these activities.
ANTI-TERRORISM ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
The Committee supports the work of the Anti-Terrorism Assistance Program and recommends $38,000,000 for fiscal year 2002. The Committee notes that ATA would like to commence activities in support of Anti-Terrorism Instructor Training and Emergency Medical Responder Instructor courses and an expansion of the Dignitary Protection Training Program. The Committee supports these efforts.
HUMANITARIAN DEMINING
The Committee supports the State Department's Humanitarian Demining Program to clear landmines and other unexploded ordnance that continue to endanger people in countries around the world. The Committee has provided $40,000,000 for these activities.
The Committee notes that several country recipients of demining funds from the NADR account also receive large amounts of assistance from the ESF, SEED, or FSU accounts. The Committee is concerned about pressures on the NADR budget which contains a limited amount of humanitarian demining funds, and believes that future demining programs in these countries should be funded jointly from both NADR and these other accounts.
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BAN TREATY PREPARATORY COMMISSION
The Committee fully funds the request of $20,000,000 for a contribution to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Preparatory Commission. This contribution helps to leverage funds from other donor nations for the International Monitoring System, which is designed to collect data from seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasound, and radionuclide stations around the world, enhancing U.S. capabilities for detecting and monitoring nuclear tests.
LOCKERBIE
The Committee has provided $8,000,000 toward the United States share of the costs incurred for holding the trial for the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. The Committee understands that there will be a request in fiscal year 2003 for expenses related to the appeal process and other incidentals. The Committee is concerned about information relating to some of the costs that have been incurred, and understands that an audit will be performed by the Inspector General of the State Department. The Committee expects this review to be completed by October, 2001.
SCIENCE CENTERS
The Committee continues to be concerned about oversight of administrative programs and projects by the Science Centers. The Committee urges the State Department to investigate the possibility of expanding U.S. personnel at both of the sites to ensure that effective management practices are in place.
The Committee is also concerned about delays that occur between the time of submission of projects by the scientists to the time the grant is finally awarded. The Committee encourages senior officials at the science centers to work with their Russian and/or Ukrainian governmental counterparts to eliminate these interruptions to ensure prompt and efficient review and implementation of these projects.
SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS
The Committee understands that small arms and light weapons, including mortars, rocket propelled grenades, and heavy machine guns, have contributed to human rights violations, exacerbated conflicts, and impeded development efforts. The Committee recommends $3,500,000 in fiscal year 2002 for the Small Arms Destruction Initiative, which provides assistance to countries that have requested help in eliminating stockpiles of these weapons. This is $1,500,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level.
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
| Appropriations, 2001 | $6,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 6,000,000 |
| House allowance | 6,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 6,000,000 |
The Committee has provided $6,000,000 for International Affairs Technical Assistance. This amount is equal to the budget request and the fiscal year 2001 level.
GLOBAL FUND TO COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA, AND TUBERCULOSIS
| Appropriations, 2001 | ........................... |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | $100,000,000 |
| House allowance | ........................... |
| Committee recommendation | ........................... |
Like the House, the Committee has not established a separate account for a Global Fund to Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. The Committee's support for the Fund is described in the section of this report entitled Child Survival and Health Programs Fund.
DEBT RESTRUCTURING
| Appropriations, 2001 | $238,000,000 |
| Emergency funding | 210,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 224,000,000 |
| House allowance | 224,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 235,000,000 |
The Committee has provided $235,000,000 for debt restructuring for fiscal year 2002. Of this amount, the Committee expects that $224,000,000 will be for a United States contribution to the Heavily Indebted Poor Country Trust Fund (HIPC), which when added to $16,000,000 in fiscal year 2001 carryover funds, will fulfill the U.S. pledge.
The Committee expects that the remaining fiscal year 2002 debt restructuring funds of $11,000,000 will be used to implement the Tropical Forest Conservation Act of 1998 (TFCA). The Committee has also provided up to an additional $14,000,000 in carryover funds for this purpose.
The Committee was disappointed with the Administration's request of only $13,000,000 in transfer authority from the Development Assistance account for the TFCA, rather than a separate request under Department of Treasury programs. The Committee notes that the world's tropical forests are being destroyed at an alarming rate, and believes that the TFCA can be an effective mechanism for protecting endangered forests.
TITLE III
MILITARY ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION AND TRAINING
| Appropriations, 2001 | $55,000,000 |
| Emergency funding | 2,875,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 65,000,000 |
| House allowance | 65,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 75,000,000 |
The Committee provides $75,000,000 for the International Military Education and Training (IMET) program. The Committee believes that, by capitalizing on the worldwide respect for the U.S. armed forces, the IMET program offers a unique opportunity to establish valuable contacts with foreign militaries and promote American values, including civilian control of the armed forces and respect for the rule of law.
The Committee is also aware of the significance of the signal that IMET sends to governments that participate in these programs, its citizens, and other nations. The Committee notes that, rightly or wrongly, many perceive IMET participation as bestowing a degree of legitimacy from the United States on the actions of the foreign militaries and governments. Therefore, when making decisions to provide IMET, the Committee believes that the Administration should consider the effects that these signals will have on larger U.S. foreign policy goals and target this assistance accordingly.
The Committee is perplexed by the Administration's requests for regular IMET assistance for some countries whose armed forces have a recent history of actively undermining elected civilian authorities, corruption, and human rights abuses, and which have shown no commitment to reform. The Committee believes that these armed forces, at best, should be considered for Expanded IMET which focuses on civilian control and management of defense resources, military justice, human rights, and certain humanitarian activities.
The Committee strongly supports IMET assistance for emerging democracies in Central and Eastern Europe, including $3,000,000 for the Baltic States to continue the development of a well trained, professional corps of civilian defense officials and military officers.
The Committee is aware that the Security Assistance Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-280) authorized additional funding, above the Administration's fiscal year 2002 request, for IMET assistance for Greece and Turkey, for joint training of Greek and Turkish officers to the maximum extent practicable. The Committee is supportive of these initiatives, which could help strengthen ties between two important NATO allies, and encourages the Administration to fund these programs at the highest appropriate level.
FOREIGN MILITARY FINANCING
GRANT PROGRAM LEVEL
| Appropriations, 2001 | $3,545,000,000 |
| Emergency Funding | 31,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 3,674,000,000 |
| House allowance | 3,627,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 3,674,000,000 |
The Committee has included $3,674,000,000 for Foreign Military Financing, which is equal to the Administration's budget request and $129,000,000 over the fiscal year 2001 level.
MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
The Committee has provided the Administration's request of $2,040,000,000 in FMF for Israel and $1,300,000,000 for Egypt. The Committee has also provided the request level of $75,000,000 for Jordan.
BALTIC STATES
The Committee applauds the strides that Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia have made to bring their militaries in line with Western standards, and expects the Administration to provide a total of $21,000,000 in FMF to the Baltic States. The Committee is disappointed that the Administration may not provide $20,000,000 to the Baltic States in fiscal year 2001, despite a recommendation from the Committee to fund this amount.
FOREIGN MILITARY TRAINING REPORT
The Committee has included language similar to the last 2 years, requiring the State and Defense Departments to provide the joint report `Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement Activities of Interest.' The Committee is concerned that in the fiscal year 2000-2001 version of this report, the Administration classified a considerable amount of information, including U.S. Special Forces, JCET and section 1004 counterdrug training, that had been provided in unclassified form in fiscal year 1999. The Committee expects the fiscal year 2002 report to contain the maximum amount of information in declassified form, including information about foreign units trained; the location of training; U.S. trainers' units; course descriptions; the number of courses given and students trained; and estimates for next-year training in each category of training reported. The Committee requests to be consulted on the format and contents of the report.
LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE
The Committee has again included a provision, identical to last year, which seeks to ensure that U.S. assistance does not go to units of foreign security forces whose members have been credibly implicated in human rights violations, unless the foreign government is taking effective measures to bring the individuals responsible to justice. By effective measures, the Committee intends that the individuals face impartial criminal prosecution or appropriate and timely disciplinary action in accordance with local law. The purposes of this provision are to reduce the chance that U.S. training or equipment goes to human rights violators, uphold the rule of law, and promote accountability for political crimes of violence.
The Committee is aware that some U.S. embassies have expressed confusion about the meaning of `unit' for purposes of this provision. The Committee intends that `unit' is to be construed as the smallest operational group in the field that has been implicated in the reported violation. The Committee notes that in order to implement this provision, it is necessary for U.S. embassies to know which units are to receive U.S. assistance and to have in place the necessary agreements and mechanisms to monitor their use of the assistance.
The Committee is concerned about the failure of some U.S. embassies to put in place effective mechanisms for collecting evidence and implementing this provision, and therefore believes that a centralized system is clearly needed. Specifically, the Committee requests the Bureau for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor to establish and maintain an electronic database of credible evidence of gross violations of human rights by units of foreign security forces. Each U.S. embassy should designate an appropriate official to collect and submit data to the database from a wide range of sources on a regular basis. Such a database would be one important depository of evidence for making determinations regarding the implementation of this provision, and should be accessible to other appropriate government departments and agencies and the Congress.
LANDMINES
The Committee again includes language permitting demining equipment to be made available on a grant basis to foreign countries. The Committee supports the continued use of FMF funds for activities to assist in locating and destroying landmines and unexploded ordnance that maim and kill innocent people around the world.
PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS
| Appropriations, 2001 | $127,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 150,000,000 |
| House allowance | 135,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 140,000,000 |
The Committee has provided $140,000,000 to support peacekeeping operations in troubled regions, including Africa, the Middle East, and the Balkans. The amount is $13,000,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level.
TITLE IV
MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS SUMMARY
| Appropriations, 2001 | $1,146,879,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 1,209,796,000 |
| House allowance | 1,169,796,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 1,178,396,000 |
The Committee recommends the total level of paid-in capital funding shown above to provide for contributions to the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Development Association, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the Inter-American Development Bank's Inter-American Investment Corporation, the Asian Development, the African Development Bank and Fund, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the International Fund for Agriculture Development.
The Committee is disappointed that the request did not include arrears for several International Financial Institutions (IFIs), including $128,000,000 for the Asian Development Fund and $204,000,000 owed to the Global Environmental Facility. The Committee expects the Administration to budget the necessary funds in fiscal year 2003 to fully repay IFI arrears.
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
GRIEVANCE PROCESS REFORM AND GENDER ISSUES
World Bank.--The Committee has closely followed efforts by the World Bank to reform its internal grievance procedures, and recognizes that the success of these reforms depends on their implementation. While the Bank has made some progress, more remains to be done and the latest proposals for reforming the Administrative Tribunal fall short in several respects. As long as the Bank and the other IFIs are immune from the court process, they need to ensure that complaints are independently investigated and adjudicated according to due process standards and procedures, and that managers are punished for misconduct, especially retaliation, which has been a persistent problem. The Committee also suggests that the Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other IFIs examine the role that their Legal Departments play in workplace misconduct cases. The Bank's and IMF's lawyers have expended resources prolonging cases that should have been settled quickly, or defended management when it would have been in the interests of the institution to represent the complainants, who often cannot afford lawyers of their own. The response of the Bank and other IFIs to these recommendations will continue to bear on Congress' support for these institutions.
International Monetary Fund.--The Committee also has concerns about the IMF's internal grievance procedures, which in a recent case brought to the Committee's attention fell short at virtually every step. The Committee is also concerned about the IMF's failure to implement many of the recommendations of its 1994 Working Group on the Status of Women, especially those aimed at increasing the number of women in managerial positions. The Committee calls on the IMF to obtain a current regression analysis to determine what further steps are needed to correct the persistent gender disparities in hiring and promotion.
Domestic workers.--The Committee continues to receive reports of the mistreatment of foreign domestic workers in the homes of Bank and IMF employees. Some of these people, often young women, have been lured to the United States under false pretenses, had their passports taken from them, kept in virtual servitude, and forced to work long hours for little pay. The Committee requests the U.S. executive directors to the Bank and IMF to report to the Committee by April 1, 2002, on the steps being taken by these institutions to address this problem.
World Commission on Dams.--The Committee commends the World Bank for its role in helping to establish the World Commission on Dams (WCD), whose report, `Dams and Development,' addresses a complex, controversial subject in a balanced way, including proposing comprehensive, practical and innovative guidelines for future action. The Bank has a long and difficult history in this area, and the WCD guidelines offer opportunities for Bank investments in a wide range of sound development efforts, including existing dam improvements, alternatives to dams, and even new dam construction, as well as a blueprint for correcting and avoiding the costly mistakes of the past. The Committee urges the Bank to continue to engage with the full range of interested parties in the implementation of the WCD's report, and to integrate these guidelines to the fullest extent practicable into the Bank's relevant operational policies and directives, including those relating to resettlement, environmental assessment, and water and energy policies.
INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION [IDA]
| Appropriations, 2001 | $775,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 803,400,000 |
| House allowance | 803,400,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 775,000,000 |
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY
| Appropriations, 2001 | $108,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 107,500,000 |
| House allowance | 82,500,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 109,500,000 |
The Committee strongly supports the work of the Global Environment Facility, which helps developing nations address a number of important international environmental issues ranging from climate change to protecting biodiversity. Despite the fact that every dollar the U.S. contributes is matched by almost $15 in financing from other countries, multilateral institutions, the private sector, and NGOs, the United States is more than $204,000,000 in arrears to the GEF. The Committee notes that the shortage of funds is causing programs to be postponed and other nations to delay making their payments to the GEF. The Committee has provided the full amount for the U.S. contribution to the GEF for fiscal year 2002, plus an additional $2,000,000 as an initial payment of outstanding arrears.
MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY
| Appropriations, 2001 | $10,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 10,000,000 |
| House allowance | 0 |
| Committee recommendation | 9,500,000 |
INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
INTER-AMERICAN INVESTMENT CORPORATION
| Appropriations, 2001 | $25,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 25,000,000 |
| House allowance | 10,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 20,000,000 |
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT FUND
| Appropriations, 2001 | $72,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 103,017,050 |
| House allowance | 93,017,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 103,017,050 |
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
| Appropriations, 2001 | $6,100,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 5,100,000 |
| House allowance | 5,100,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 5,100,000 |
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FUND
| Appropriations, 2001 | $100,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 100,000,000 |
| House allowance | 100,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 100,000,000 |
EUROPEAN BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
PAID-IN-CAPITAL
| Appropriations, 2001 | $35,778,717 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 35,778,717 |
| House allowance | 35,778,717 |
| Committee recommendation | 35,778,717 |
INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
| Appropriations, 2001 | $5,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 20,000,000 |
| House allowance | 20,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 20,000,000 |
The Committee commends IFAD for its participation in the enhanced HIPC initiative and for working to ensure that debt relief translates into real gains against poverty and hunger in rural areas. IFAD's rural and agricultural development projects help to achieve the poverty reductions and economic growth that debt relief is also intended to promote. The Committee recommends that the Administration explore ways to ensure that HIPC participation does not diminish IFAD's future capacity to assist the world's poor. The Committee also urges the Administration to actively encourage other governments to increase contributions that minimize HIPC participation's impact on IFAD's level of operations.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS
| Appropriations, 2001 | $186,000,000 |
| Budget estimate, 2002 | 186,000,000 |
| House allowance | 196,000,000 |
| Committee recommendation | 217,000,000 |
The Committee has provided $217,000,000 for the `International Organizations and Programs' account. This amount does not include funding for the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization and the International Atomic Energy Agency which are provided for in the Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining, and Related Programs account.
UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
The Committee supports the efforts of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) to focus on key areas such as democratic governance, HIV/AIDS, conflict prevention and post-conflict reconstruction in developing and transition countries, as well as its work to coordinate U.N. development agencies at the country level. Like the House, the Committee recommends a U.S. contribution of $97,300,000 for UNDP in fiscal year 2002, which is $10,000,000 above the request.
UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR POPULATION ACTIVITIES
The Committee has provided $39,000,000 for the United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA). UNFPA is the world's largest organization that provides family planning services in some 140 countries, including many that do not receive assistance from USAID. The Committee notes that UNFPA does not support abortion, but rather promotes voluntary practices and improvements in reproductive health. The Committee further notes that although the amount provided for fiscal year 2002 is $14,000,000 above the Administration's request, it is $11,000,000 less than the United States contribution in fiscal year 1995. As in the past, no United States funds may be used in China.
WORLD FOOD PROGRAM
The Committee strongly supports the work of the World Food Program (WFP), which assisted 83 million of the world's poorest people during calendar year 2000. The Committee notes that 56 million of these people were forced to flee their homes due to natural or man-made disasters, and has provided an additional $1,000,000 for WFP to upgrade its response to these crises.
UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR VICTIMS OF TORTURE
The Committee continues to support the United Nations Fund for Victims of Torture and recommends a U.S. contribution of $5,000,000 in fiscal year 2002. The Committee is aware that this Fund supports nearly 100 treatment programs and projects for victims of torture in over 50 countries. The Committee urges the State Department to seek additional contributions from other governments for the Fund.
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM
The Committee notes the work of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and supports the request of $10,750,000 in fiscal year 2002, which is $750,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level.
TITLE V
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SEC. 501. Obligations During Last Month of availability.
SEC. 502. Private and Voluntary Organizations.
SEC. 503. Limitation on Residence Expenses.
SEC. 504. Limitation on Expenses.
SEC. 505. Limitation on Representational Allowances.
SEC. 506. Prohibition on Financing Nuclear Goods.
SEC. 507. Prohibition Against Direct Funding for Certain Countries.
SEC. 508. Military Coups.
SEC. 509. Transfers Between Accounts.
SEC. 510. Deobligation/Reobligation Authority.
SEC. 511. Availability of Funds.
SEC. 512. Limitation on Assistance to Countries in Default.
SEC. 513. Commerce and Trade.
SEC. 514. Surplus Commodities.
SEC. 515. Notification Requirements.
SEC. 516. Limitation on Availability of Funds for International Organizations and Programs.
SEC. 517. Independent States of the Former Soviet Union.
SEC. 518. OPIC and Export-Import Bank Restrictions.
SEC. 519. Export Financing Transfer Authorities.
SEC. 520. Special Notification Requirements.
SEC. 521. Definition of Program, Project, and Activity.
SEC. 522. Child Survival and Health Activities.
SEC. 523. Prohibition Against Indirect Funding to Certain Countries.
SEC. 524. Notification on Excess Defense Equipment.
SEC. 525. Authorization Requirement.
SEC. 526. Democracy Programs.
SEC. 527. Prohibition on Bilateral Assistance to Terrorist Countries.
SEC. 528. Debt-For-Development.
SEC. 529. Separate Accounts.
SEC. 530. Compensation for United States Executive Directors to International Financial Institutions.
SEC. 531. Compliance With United Nations Sanctions Against Iraq.
SEC. 532. Authorities For the Peace Corps, International Fund for Agriculture Development, Inter-American Foundation and African Development Foundation.
SEC. 533. Impact on Jobs in the United States.
SEC. 534. Special Authorities.
SEC. 535. Policy on Terminating the Arab League Boycott of Israel and Normalizing Relations With Israel.
SEC. 536. Administration of Justice Activities.
SEC. 537. Eligibility For Assistance.
SEC. 538. Earmarks.
SEC. 539. Ceilings and Earmarks.
SEC. 540. Prohibition on Publicity or Propaganda.
SEC. 541. Purchase of American-Made Equipment and Products.
SEC. 542. Prohibition of Payments to United Nations Members.
SEC. 543. Nongovernmental Organization--Documentation.
SEC. 544. Prohibition on Assistance to Foreign Governments That Export Lethal Military Equipment to Countries Supporting International Terrorism.
SEC. 545. Withholding of Assistance for Parking Fines Owed By Foreign Countries.
SEC. 546. Limitation on Assistance for the PLO for the West Bank and Gaza.
SEC. 547. War Crimes Tribunal Drawdown.
SEC. 548. Landmines.
SEC. 549. Restrictions Concerning The Palestinian Authority.
SEC. 550. Prohibition of Payment of Certain Expenses.
SEC. 551. Special Debt Relief for the Poorest.
SEC. 552. Authority to Engage in Debt Buybacks or Sales.
SEC. 553. Haiti Coast Guard.
SEC. 554. Limitation on Assistance to the Palestinian Authority.
SEC. 555. Limitation on Assistance to Security Forces.
SEC. 556. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Report.
SEC. 557. Zimbabwe.
SEC. 558. Central America Relief and Reconstruction.
SEC. 559. Enterprise Fund Restrictions.
SEC. 560. Cambodia.
SEC. 561. Foreign Military Training Report.
SEC. 562. Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization.
SEC. 563. Colombia.
SEC. 564. Illegal Armed Groups.
SEC. 565. Prohibition on Assistance to the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation.
SEC. 566. Iraq.
SEC. 567. West Bank and Gaza Program.
SEC. 568. Indonesia.
SEC. 569. Restrictions on Assistance to Governments Destabilizing Sierra Leone.
SEC. 570. Voluntary Separation Incentives.
SEC. 571. American Churchwomen and Other Citizens in El Salvador and Guatemala.
SEC. 572. Basic Education Assistance for Pakistan.
SEC. 573. Commercial Leasing of Defense Articles.
SEC. 574. War Criminals.
SEC. 575. Funding For Serbia.
SEC. 576. User Fees.
SEC. 577. Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Trust Fund Authorization.
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 7, RULE XVI OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE SENATE
Rule XVI, paragraph 7 requires that every report on a general appropriation bill filed by the Committee must identify each recommended amendment, with particularity, which proposes an item of appropriation which is not made to carry out the provisions of an existing law, a treaty stipulation, or an act or resolution previously passed by the Senate during that session.
Items providing funding for fiscal year 2002 which lack authorization are as follows:
| Export-Import Bank | $753,323,000 |
| Development assistance, including African Development Foundation | 1,251,542,000 |
| International disaster assistance | 255,000,000 |
| Debt restructuring | 235,000,000 |
| Treasury technical assistance | 6,000,000 |
| AID operating expenses | 549,000,000 |
| AID operating expenses, Office of Inspector General | 32,000,000 |
| Economic support fund | 2,249,000,000 |
| Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltics | 603,000,000 |
| Assistance for the Independent States of the former Soviet Union | 805,000,000 |
| International narcotics control | 217,000,000 |
| Migration and refugee assistance | 745,000,000 |
| Nonproliferation, antiterrorism, demining, and related programs | 326,500,000 |
| International military education and training | 75,000,000 |
| Foreign Military Financing Program | 3,674,000,000 |
| Peacekeeping operations | 150,000,000 |
| International organizations and programs | 222,000,000 |
| International Development Association Replenishment | 775,000,000 |
| Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency | 10,000,000 |
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 7(C), RULE XXVI, OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE SENATE
Pursuant to paragraph 7(c) of rule XXVI, the Committee ordered reported, en bloc, H.R 2506, the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs appropriations bill, 2002, and S. 1398, an original Treasury and General Government appropriations bill, 2002, each subject to amendment and each subject to its budget allocations, by a recorded vote of 29-0, a quorum being present. The vote was as follows:
| Yeas | Nays |
| Chairman Byrd | |
| Mr. Inouye | |
| Mr. Hollings | |
| Mr. Leahy | |
| Mr. Harkin | |
| Ms. Mikulski | |
| Mr. Reid | |
| Mr. Kohl | |
| Mrs. Murray | |
| Mr. Dorgan | |
| Mrs. Feinstein | |
| Mr. Durbin | |
| Mr. Johnson | |
| Mrs. Landrieu | |
| Mr. Reed | |
| Mr. Stevens | |
| Mr. Cochran | |
| Mr. Specter | |
| Mr. Domenici | |
| Mr. Bond | |
| Mr. McConnell | |
| Mr. Burns | |
| Mr. Shelby | |
| Mr. Gregg | |
| Mr. Bennett | |
| Mr. Campbell | |
| Mr. Craig | |
| Mrs. Hutchison | |
| Mr. DeWine |
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 12, RULE XXVI OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE SENATE
Paragraph 12 of rule XXVI requires that Committee report on a bill or joint resolution repealing or amending any statute or part of any statute include `(a) the text of the statute or part thereof which is proposed to be repealed; and (b) a comparative print of that part of the bill or joint resolution making the amendment and of the statute or part thereof proposed to be amended, showing by stricken-through type and italics, parallel columns, or other appropriate typographical devices the omissions and insertions which would be made by the bill or joint resolution if enacted in the form recommended by the committee.'
In compliance with this rule, the following changes in existing law proposed to be made by the bill are shown as follows: existing law to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new matter is printed in italic, and existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman.
TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
* * * * * * *
CHAPTER 39--ARMS EXPORT CONTROL
* * * * * * *
SUBCHAPTER III--MILITARY EXPORT CONTROLS
* * * * * * *
Sec. 2778. Control of arms exports and imports
* * * * * * *
LANDMINE EXPORT MORATORIUM
* * * * * * *
(a) FINDINGS- The Congress makes the following findings:
* * * * * * *
(c) MORATORIUM ON TRANSFERS OF ANTI-PERSONNEL LANDMINES ABROAD- [Struck out->][ During the 11-year period beginning on October 23, 1992 ][<-Struck out] During the 16-year period beginning on October 23, 1992--
* * * * * * *
FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 1996, PUBLIC LAW 104-107
* * * * * * *
TITLE IV--MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
* * * * * * *
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS
For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of section 301 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and of section 2 of the United Nations Environment Program Participation Act of 1973, $285,000,000: Provided, That none of the funds appropriated under this heading shall be made available for the United Nations Fund for Science and Technology: Provided further, That funds appropriated under this heading may be made available for the International Atomic Energy Agency only if the Secretary of State determines (and so reports to the Congress) that Israel is not being denied its right to participate in the activities of that Agency: Provided further, That none of the funds appropriated under this heading that are made available to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) shall be made available for activities in the People's Republic of China: Provided further, That not more than $30,000,000 of the funds appropriated under this heading may be made available to the UNFPA: Provided further, That not more than one-half of this amount may be provided to UNFPA before March 1, 1996, and that no later than February 15, 1996, the Secretary of State shall submit a report to the Committees on Appropriations indicating the amount UNFPA is budgeting for the People's Republic of China in 1996: Provided further, That any amount UNFPA plans to spend in the People's Republic of China in 1996 above $7,000,000, shall be deducted from the amount of funds provided to UNFPA after March 1, 1996 pursuant to the previous provisos: Provided further, That with respect to any funds appropriated under this heading that are made available to UNFPA, UNFPA shall be required to maintain such funds in a separate account and not commingle them with any other funds: Provided further, That funds may be made available to the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization (KEDO) for administrative expenses and heavy fuel oil costs associated with the Agreed Framework: Provided further, That no funds may be provided for KEDO for funding for administrative expenses and heavy fuel oil costs beyond the total amount included for KEDO in the fiscal year 1996 congressional presentation: Provided further, That no funds may be made available under this Act to KEDO unless the President determines and certifies in writing to the Committees on Appropriations that (a) in accordance with section 1 of the Agreed Framework, KEDO has designated a Republic of Korea company, corporation or entity for the purpose of negotiating a prime contract to carry out construction of the light water reactors provided for in the Agreed Framework; and (b) the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is maintaining the freeze on its nuclear facilities as required in the Agreed Framework; and (c) the United States is taking steps to assure that progress is made on (1) the North-South dialogue, including efforts to reduce barriers to trade and investment, such as removing restrictions on travel, telecommunications services and financial transactions; and (2) implementation of the January 1, 1992, Joint Declaration on the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula [Struck out->][ : Provided further, That a report on the specific efforts with regard to subsections (a), (b) and (c) of the preceding proviso shall be submitted by the President to the Committees on Appropriations six months after the date of enactment of this Act, and every six months thereafter ][<-Struck out] .
* * * * * * *
CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2000, PUBLIC LAW 106-113
* * * * * * *
APPENDIX B--H.R. 3422
* * * * * * *
TITLE V--GENERAL PROVISIONS
* * * * * * *
VOLUNTARY SEPARATION INCENTIVES FOR EMPLOYEES OF THE UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
- SEC. 579. (a) DEFINITIONS- For the purposes of this section--
* * * * * * *
- (c) AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE VOLUNTARY SEPARATION INCENTIVE PAYMENTS-
* * * * * * *
- (2) AMOUNT AND TREATMENT OF PAYMENTS- A voluntary separation incentive payment under this section--
- (A) * * *
* * * * * * *
- (D) may not be made except in the case of any employee who voluntarily separates (whether by retirement or resignation) on or before [Struck out->]
[ December 31, 2001 ][<-Struck out] December 31, 2002;* * * * * * *
FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2001, PUBLIC LAW 106-429
* * * * * * *
APPENDIX A--H.R. 5526
* * * * * * *
TITLE II--BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
BURMA
Of the funds appropriated under the headings `Economic Support Fund', `Child Survival and Disease Programs Fund', and `Development Assistance', not less than $6,500,000 shall be made available to support democracy activities in Burma, democracy and humanitarian activities along the Burma-Thailand border, and for Burmese student groups and other organizations located outside Burma: Provided, That funds made available for Burma-related activities under this heading may be made available notwithstanding any other provision of law: Provided further, That the provision of such funds shall be made available subject to the regular notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations.
* * * * * * *
TITLE VIII--INTERNATIONAL DEBT FORGIVENESS AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM
SEC. 801. DEBT RELIEF UNDER THE HEAVILY INDEBTED POOR COUNTRIES (HIPC) INITIATIVE.
- (a) * * *
* * * * * * *
- (b) CONTRIBUTIONS TO HIPC TRUST FUND-
- (1) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR CONTRIBUTIONS- There is authorized to be appropriated for the period beginning October 1, 2000, and ending September 30, 2003, [Struck out->]
[ $435,000,000 ][<-Struck out] $600,000,000 for purposes of United States contributions to the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Trust Fund administered by the Bank.* * * * * * *
BUDGETARY IMPACT OF BILL
PREPARED IN CONSULTATION WITH THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE PURSUANT TO SEC. 308(a), PUBLIC LAW 93-344, AS AMENDED
[In millions of dollars]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Budget authority Outlays
Committee allocation Amount of bill Committee allocation Amount of bill
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comparison of amounts in the bill with Committee allocations to its subcommittees of amounts in the First Concurrent Resolution for 2002: Subcommittee on Foreign Operations:
General purpose, non-defense discretion- ary 15,524 15,524 NA NA
General purpose NA NA 15,149 15,149
Mandatory 45 45 45 1 45
Projection of outlays associated with the recommendation:
2002 2 5,625
2003 4,953
2004 2,552
2005 1,020
2006 and future years 1,204
Financial assistance to State and local governments for 2002 NA NA
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COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF NEW BUDGET (OBLIGATIONAL) AUTHORITY FOR FISCAL YEAR 2001 AND BUDGET ESTIMATES AND AMOUNTS RECOMMENDED IN THE BILL FOR FISCAL YEAR 2002
[In thousands of dollars]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item 2001appropriation Budget estimate House allowance Committeerecommendation Senate Committee recommendation compared with (+ or -)
2001appropriation Budget estimate House allowance
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE I--EXPORT AND INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE
EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES
Subsidy appropriation 865,000 633,323 738,323 753,323 -111,677 +120,000 +15,000
(Direct loan authorization) (865,000) (152,000) (950,000) (950,000) (+85,000) (+798,000)
(Guaranteed loan authorization) (13,535,000) (11,335,000) (12,700,000) (12,700,000) (-835,000) (+1,365,000)
Administrative expenses 62,000 65,000 60,000 64,000 +2,000 -1,000 +4,000
Negative subsidy -15,000 -11,000 -11,000 -11,000 +4,000
Total, Export-Import Bank of the United States 912,000 687,323 787,323 806,323 -105,677 +119,000 +19,000
OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION
Noncredit account:
Administrative expenses 38,000 38,608 38,608 38,608 +608
Insurance fees and other offsetting collections -283,000 -290,000 -290,000 -290,000 -7,000
Subsidy appropriation 24,000 -24,000
(Direct loan authorization) (127,000) (45,000) (45,000) (45,000) (-82,000)
(Guaranteed loan authorization) (1,000,000) (1,152,000) (1,152,000) (1,152,000) (+152,000)
Total, Overseas Private Investment Corporation -221,000 -251,392 -251,392 -251,392 -30,392
TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
Trade and development agency 50,000 50,024 50,024 50,024 +24
Total, title I, Export and investment assistance 741,000 485,955 585,955 604,955 -136,045 +119,000 +19,000
(Loan authorizations) (15,527,000) (12,684,000) (14,847,000) (14,847,000) (-680,000) (+2,163,000)
TITLE II--BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
Agency for International Development
Child survival and disease programs fund 1,053,000 991,000 1,425,000 1,455,500 +402,500 +464,500 +30,500
Rescission of unobligated balances -20,000 +20,000
UNICEF (110,000) (110,000) (120,000) (120,000) (+10,000) (+10,000)
Subtotal, Child survival (net) 1,053,000 971,000 1,425,000 1,455,500 +402,500 +484,500 +30,500
Development assistance 1,305,000 1,325,000 1,098,000 1,235,000 -70,000 -90,000 +137,000
International disaster assistance 165,000 200,000 201,000 255,000 +90,000 +55,000 +54,000
Supplemental funding 135,000 -135,000
Transition Initiatives 50,000 50,000 40,000 52,500 +2,500 +2,500 +12,500
(By transfer) (5,000) (-5,000)
Micro and Small Enterprise Development program account:
Subsidy appropriation 1,500 -1,500
(Guaranteed loan authorization) (30,000) (-30,000)
Administrative expenses 500 -500
Development credit authority:
Subsidy appropriation 1,500 -1,500
(By transfer) (5,000) (25,000) (12,500) (25,000) (+20,000) (+12,500)
(Guaranteed loan authorization) (49,700) (355,000) (177,500) (355,000) (+305,300) (+177,500)
Administrative expenses 4,000 7,500 7,500 7,500 +3,500
Subtotal, development assistance 2,715,500 2,553,500 2,771,500 3,005,500 +290,000 +452,000 +234,000
Payment to the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund 44,489 44,880 44,880 44,880 +391
Operating expenses of the Agency for International Development 520,000 549,000 549,000 549,000 +29,000
(By transfer) (1,000) (-1,000)
Supplemental funding 13,000 -13,000
Operating expenses of the Agency for International Development Office of Inspector General 27,000 32,000 30,000 32,000 +5,000 +2,000
Total, Agency for International Development (net) 3,319,989 3,179,380 3,395,380 3,631,380 +311,391 +452,000 +236,000
Other Bilateral Economic Assistance
Economic support fund:
Camp David countries 1,535,000 1,375,000 1,375,000 1,375,000 -160,000
Other 750,000 879,000 824,000 864,500 +114,500 -14,500 +40,500
Rescission of unobligated balances -5,000 +5,000
Subtotal, Economic support fund (net) 2,285,000 2,249,000 2,199,000 2,239,500 -45,500 -9,500 +40,500
International Fund for Ireland 25,000 25,000 -25,000 -25,000
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States 600,000 605,000 600,000 603,000 +3,000 -2,000 +3,000
Supplemental funding 75,825 -75,825
Assistance for the Independent States of the former Soviet Union 810,000 808,000 768,000 800,000 -10,000 -8,000 +32,000
Total, Other Bilateral Economic Assistance (net) 3,795,825 3,662,000 3,592,000 3,642,500 -153,325 -19,500 +50,500
INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
Inter-American Foundation
Appropriation 12,000 13,107 +13,107 +13,107 +1,107
(By transfer) (12,000) (12,108) (-12,000) (-12,108)
African Development Foundation
Appropriation 16,042 16,542 +16,542 +16,542 +500
(By transfer) (16,000) (16,042) (-16,000) (-16,042)
Peace Corps
Appropriation 265,000 275,000 275,000 275,000 +10,000
Department of State
International narcotics control and law enforcement 325,000 217,000 217,000 217,000 -108,000
Andean Counterdrug Initiative 731,000 675,000 567,000 +567,000 -164,000 -108,000
Migration and refugee assistance 700,000 715,000 715,000 735,000 +35,000 +20,000 +20,000
United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000
Nonproliferation, anti-terrorism, demining and related programs 311,600 332,000 311,000 326,500 +14,900 -5,500 +15,500
Total, Department of State 1,351,600 2,010,000 1,933,000 1,860,500 +508,900 -149,500 -72,500
Department of the Treasury
International affairs technical assistance 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000
Global Fund to Fight HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and Tuberculosis 100,000 -100,000
Debt restructuring 238,000 224,000 224,000 235,000 -3,000 +11,000 +11,000
Supplemental funding 210,000 -210,000
United States community adjustment and investment program 500 -500
Subtotal, Department of the Treasury 454,000 330,500 230,000 241,000 -213,000 -89,500 +11,000
Total, title II, Bilateral economic assistance (net) 9,186,414 9,456,880 9,453,422 9,680,029 +493,615 +223,149 +226,607
Appropriations (8,752,589) (9,481,880) (9,453,422) (9,680,029) (+927,440) (+198,149) (+226,607)
Emergency appropriations (433,825) (-433,825)
Rescission (-25,000) (+25,000)
(By transfer) (39,000) (53,150) (12,500) (25,000) (-14,000) (-28,150) (+12,500)
(Loan authorizations) (79,700) (355,000) (177,500) (355,000) (+275,300) (+177,500)
TITLE III--MILITARY ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
International Military Education and Training 55,000 65,000 65,000 75,000 +20,000 +10,000 +10,000
Supplemental funding 2,875 -2,875
Foreign Military Financing Program:
Grants:
Camp David countries 3,280,000 3,340,000 3,340,000 3,340,000 +60,000
Other 265,000 334,000 287,000 334,000 +69,000 +47,000
Subtotal, grants 3,545,000 3,674,000 3,627,000 3,674,000 +129,000 +47,000
(Limitation on administrative expenses) (33,000) (35,000) (35,000) (35,000) (+2,000)
Supplemental funding 31,000 -31,000
Total, Foreign Military Financing 3,576,000 3,674,000 3,627,000 3,674,000 +98,000 +47,000
Peacekeeping operations 127,000 150,000 135,000 140,000 +13,000 -10,000 +5,000
Total, title III, Military assistance (net) 3,760,875 3,889,000 3,827,000 3,889,000 +128,125 +62,000
Appropriations (3,727,000) (3,889,000) (3,827,000) (3,889,000) (+162,000) (+62,000)
Emergency appropriations (33,875) (-33,875)
(Limitation on administrative expenses) (33,000) (35,000) (35,000) (35,000) (+2,000)
TITLE IV--MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
International Financial Institutions
World Bank Group
Contribution to the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development: Global Environment Facility 108,000 107,500 82,500 109,500 +1,500 +2,000 +27,000
Contribution to the International Development Association 775,000 803,400 803,400 775,000 -28,400 -28,400
Contribution to Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 10,000 10,000 9,500 -500 -500 +9,500
(Limitation on callable capital subscriptions) (50,000) (50,000) (50,000) (50,000)
Total, World Bank Group 893,000 920,900 885,900 894,000 +1,000 -26,900 +8,100
Contribution to the Inter-American Development Bank:
Paid-in capital
Contribution to the Inter-American Investment Corporation 25,000 25,000 10,000 20,000 -5,000 -5,000 +10,000
Contribution to the Enterprise for the Americas Multilateral Investment Fund 10,000 -10,000
Total, contribution to the Inter-American Development Bank 35,000 25,000 10,000 20,000 -15,000 -5,000 +10,000
Contribution to the Asian Development Bank:
Paid-in capital
Contribution to the Asian Development Fund 72,000 103,017 93,017 103,017 +31,017 +10,000
Contribution to the African Development Bank:
Paid-in capital 6,100 5,100 5,100 5,100 -1,000
(Limitation on callable capital subscriptions) (97,549) (79,992) (79,992) (79,992) (-17,557)
Contribution to the African Development Fund 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000
Total 106,100 105,100 105,100 105,100 -1,000
Contribution to the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development:
Paid-in capital 35,779 35,779 35,779 35,779
(Limitation on callable capital subscriptions) (123,238) (123,238) (123,238) (123,238)
Contribution to the International Fund for Agricultural Development 5,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 +15,000
Total, International Financial Institutions 1,146,879 1,209,796 1,149,796 1,177,896 +31,017 -31,900 +28,100
(Limitation on callable capital subscript) (270,787) (253,230) (253,230) (253,230) (-17,557)
International Organizations and Programs
Appropriation 186,000 186,000 196,000 217,000 +31,000 +31,000 +21,000
Total, title IV, Multilateral economic assistance 1,332,879 1,395,796 1,345,796 1,394,896 +62,017 -900 +49,100
(Limitation on callable capital subscript) (270,787) (253,230) (253,230) (253,230) (-17,557)
Grand total (net) 15,021,168 15,227,631 15,212,173 15,568,880 +547,712 +341,249 +356,707
Appropriations (14,553,468) (15,252,631) (15,212,173) (15,568,880) (+1,015,412) (+316,249) (+356,707)
Rescissions (-25,000) (+25,000)
Emergency appropriations (467,700) (-467,700)
(By transfer) (39,000) (53,150) (12,500) (25,000) (-14,000) (-28,150) (+12,500)
(Limitation on administrative expenses) (33,000) (35,000) (35,000) (35,000) (+2,000)
(Limitation on callable capital subscript) (270,787) (253,230) (253,230) (253,230) (-17,557)
(Loan authorizations) (15,606,700) (13,039,000) (15,024,500) (15,202,000) (-404,700) (+2,163,000) (+177,500)
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