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Summary

This experiment began in 1938 at a cool temperate site in
England. There are 3 soil series present on the experiment. Cottenham,
brown sand on Lower Greensand. Lowlands, colluvial brown earth in
sandy colluvium (SSEW). Flitwick, gleyic brown earth in sandy
colluvium. All classified as Cambic Arenosols (FAO) and under USDA
classification as ... Quartzipsammentic Haplumbrept, Cumulic Haplumbrept
and Aquic Haplumprept respectively.

The land use and treatments in this experiment are as follows: 3 main
types A (arable), L (ley-arable), LL (long ley-arable). A - 3 yrs
treatment crops followed by 2 test crops, subdivided F (fallow) and B
(barley) in the treatment crops [r (roots) and h (hay) before 1968]. L
- 3 yrs ley followed by 2 arable test crops subdivided n3 (grass+N)
and c3(grass/clover ley) [grass/clover ley+N or lucerne before
1968]. LL - similar to L but 8 year leys [before 1976 alternated
between arable and ley-arable rotations, ie ley for 3yrs out of 10].
Treatments: Until 1967 38 t/ha FYM tested on half-plots. Since 1968
half-plots split to test 4 N rates on test crops. Currently
0,70,140,210 kg N/ha on crop 1=winter wheat; 0,30,60,90 kg N/ha on
crop 2=winter rye. All plots receive chalk (currently Dolomitic
Limestone) every 5 years.

The measurements made (data available), frequency, and methodology are

as follows:

a) Vegetation measurements made and frequency

Yield: Annually (grain & herbage yields)
Nitrogen content of offtake: N in test crops (not in straw)
measured since about 1970. N in treatment ley crops measured since
1984.
P, K, Ca, Mg, Na measured in treatment ley crops since 1985 and in
test crops since 1990.

b) Soil sampling

Time zero soil measurements taken. Samples taken in 1938 from
each of the 5 blocks of the experiment - analysed for %C and
archived. Depth 0-23,23-46 cm.
Details of soil sampling method: Semi-cylindrical auger, 16 cores
per half-plot avoiding 1m at edges of plot. Soil is separated into layers.
Details of measuring depths and soil layers: All 80xhalf-plots
sampled 0-25,25-50 cm in 1957 and again in 1960-65. Since 1963 one
block (16xhalf-plots) sampled 0-25 cm each year.

c) Soil measurements made and frequency

Total carbon: Every year since 1957
Method of measuring total carbon: Tinsley
Soil bulk density or weight: Once only
Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Using 6x6x9 inch
(15.2x15.2x22.9 cm) oopen ended metal box.
Other nutrients: Bicarbonate soluble P (Olsen); exchangeable K, Ca,
Mg, Na (Metson); pH in water.
Atmospheric inputs: Current estimates for N deposition at Woburn
are 30-40 kg N/ha/yr. See Goulding (1990) S.U.M. 6.2 p61-63.
Other measurements: Concentrations of NO3-N in soil water, using
porous cups. Selected treatments 1993-94.

d) Details of the meteorological station

Nearest meteorological station to the site: Woburn. Total N by
combustion (LECO) 1980 onwards. which is 2 km from the site at
coordinates 0deg36min W, 52deg2min N. The meteorological station is manual.

e) Meteorological data available and frequency

Rainfall: Read daily
Air temperature: Continuous
Soil temperature: Read daily at 10 cm depth
Wind speed: Continuous
Net Radiation: Continuous
Sun hours: Continuous
Relative humidity: Calculated
Potential evapotranspiration: Calculated measured/calculated by
Evaporation from open pans. Potential Soil Moisture Deficit calculated
using Penman equation.

f) Isotope measurements available and frequency

Nitrogen 15 measurements in vegetation: Once 1984
Total soil nitrogen 15 measurements: Once 1984
Total soil mineral nitrogen 15 measurements: Once 1984
Details of isotope measurements: Not yet published: N-15 uptake by 1st
test crop w.wheat, in grain, straw, chaff, stubble, and N-15
remaining in soil.

g) Archived samples available

Archived soil samples: Each year from 1957 (plus 1938) dating from
1938
Archived crop samples: All dating from 1938


DATA AVAILABLE IN ELECTRONIC FORMAT

Yield data available in electronic format from 1970
Nitrogen content of offtake data available in electronic format
from 1980
Data available in electronic format for rainfall from 1853
Data available in electronic format for air temperature from 1878
Data available in electronic format for soil temperature from 1931
Data available in electronic format for wind speed from 1946
Data available in electronic format for net radiation from 1931
Data available in electronic format for sun hours from 1890
Data available in electronic format for relative humidity from 1925

This information was compiled for the GCTE-SOMNET Database, Pete
Smith, Pete Falloon, David Powlson, and Jo Smith. Soil Science
Department, IACR-Rothamsted, UK.

Geographic Coverage Spatial coordinates   

N: 52.04		S: 52.03		E: -0.5		W: -0.7
Min Depth: SURFACE Max Depth: 50 CM

Data Set Citation

Dataset Creator: P.R. Poulton Dataset Title: Woburn Ley-Arable Online Resource: http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/aen/eusomnet/expts/woburnla.html

Temporal Coverage

Start Date: 1938-01-01

Location Keywords

CONTINENT > EUROPE > NORTHERN EUROPE > BRITISH ISLES > UNITED KINGDOM

Science Keywords

AGRICULTURE > AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS > FERTILIZERS AGRICULTURE > AGRICULTURAL PLANT SCIENCE > CROP/PLANT YIELDS AGRICULTURE > SOILS > CALCIUM AGRICULTURE > SOILS > CARBON > TOTAL CARBON AGRICULTURE > SOILS > MAGNESIUM AGRICULTURE > SOILS > NITROGEN > MINERAL N 15 ISOTOPE AGRICULTURE > SOILS > NITROGEN > NITROGEN DEPOSITION AGRICULTURE > SOILS > NITROGEN > TOTAL NITROGEN 15 ISOTOPE AGRICULTURE > SOILS > NITROGEN AGRICULTURE > SOILS > ORGANIC MATTER AGRICULTURE > SOILS > PHOSPHORUS AGRICULTURE > SOILS > POTASSIUM AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL SALINITY/SOIL SODICITY AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL BULK DENSITY AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL PH AGRICULTURE > SOILS > SOIL TEMPERATURE ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > NITROGEN COMPOUNDS > MOLECULAR NITROGEN > NITROGEN DEPOSITION ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > AIR TEMPERATURE ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > HUMIDITY ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > WATER VAPOR ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > WIND SPEED ATMOSPHERE > PRECIPITATION > RAIN ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION > NET RADIATION ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION > SUNSHINE BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > BIOMASS BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > CARBON BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > NITROGEN > NITROGEN 15 ISOTOPE BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > NITROGEN BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > NUTRIENTS BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > PHOSPHORUS LAND SURFACE > SOILS > CALCIUM LAND SURFACE > SOILS > CARBON > TOTAL CARBON LAND SURFACE > SOILS > MAGNESIUM LAND SURFACE > SOILS > NITROGEN > MINERAL N 15 ISOTOPE LAND SURFACE > SOILS > NITROGEN > NITROGEN DEPOSITION LAND SURFACE > SOILS > NITROGEN > TOTAL NITROGEN 15 ISOTOPE LAND SURFACE > SOILS > NITROGEN LAND SURFACE > SOILS > ORGANIC MATTER LAND SURFACE > SOILS > PHOSPHORUS LAND SURFACE > SOILS > POTASSIUM LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL SALINITY/SOIL SODICITY LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL BULK DENSITY LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL PH LAND SURFACE > SOILS > SOIL TEMPERATURE

ISO Topic Category

FARMING ECONOMY GEOSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE BIOTA

Project

GCTE > Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems, IGBP

Quality

a) Details of the plots

Width of smallest plot is 4.25 m
Length of smallest plot is 9.1 m
Width of largest plot is 8.5 m
Length of largest plot is 40.7 m
Slope: 2 deg . Shape: Uniform
Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel
Width of Bare Strip around plot: See plans
Width of Discard Strip around plot: 0.75 m
Details ... of homogeneity of the plots: Johnston (1973) comments on
initial variability between the 5 blocks

b) Details of replication, randomization and controls

There are at least 5 replicates in the experiment. The experiment
has a restricted randomized plot design. Expt. has 5 blocks, each
block is in a different phase. There is only one replicate present
each year. True replication would come over a 5 year period (for all
arable and 3 yr ley/arable sequences) and 10 years for the 8 yr
ley/arable sequences. Because the effect of FYM has now virtually
disappeared the half-plots could be regarded as giving some sort of
replication within any one year. described as follows:

The experiment was set up to evaluate the effects of different
arable or ley-arable rotations on crop yield. There are no "control"
plots as such, although the AF treatment with no FYM is regarded as a
baseline against which the other rotations are compared. Inorganic N
fertilizer is applied to subplots of all the treatments/land uses.

Access Constraints
none

Use Constraints
Link to the following location to view data use policy of SOMNET members:
http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/aen/somnet/index.htm

Ancillary Keywords

CLOVER GCTE GLOBAL CHANGE AND TERESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS IGBP INTERNATIONAL GEOSPHERE BIOSPHERE PROGRAM LONG TERM SOIL ORGANIC MATTER RYE SECALE CEREALE SOIL ORGANIC MATTER NETWORK TRIFOLIUM TRITICUM AESTIVUM WHEAT

Data Set Progress

IN WORK

Data Center

European Soil Organic Matter Network, Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems Soil Organic Matter Network, Rothamsted Research Data Center URL: http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/aen/eusomnet/ Data Center Personnel Name: PETER FALLOON Phone: +44 (0)1582 763133 x2110 Fax: +44 (0)1582 760981 Email: Pete.Falloon at bbsrc.ac.uk Contact Address: Agriculture & Environment Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts. AL5 2JQ UK.

Personnel

PAUL R. POULTON Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT Phone: +44 (0)1582 763133 Fax: +44 (0)1582 760981 Contact Address: IACR-Rothamsted AL5 2JQ. City: Harpenden Province or State: Hertfordshire Country: UNITED KINGDOM TYLER B. STEVENS Role: DIF AUTHOR Phone: (301) 614-6898 Fax: 301-614-5268 Email: Tyler.B.Stevens at nasa.gov Contact Address: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Global Change Master Directory City: Greenbelt Province or State: MD Postal Code: 20771 Country: USA

Related URL

Link: View Related Information Description: This url links to the GCTE-SOMNET home page where additional project information and methodology can be obtained. This site is currently in a datasharing phase of the network where actual data will become available shortly, at different levels of accessibility. Please follow this link for more information.

Publications/References

Catt, J.A., Wier, A.H., Norrish, R.E., Rayner, J.H., King, D.W., Hall,
D.G.M. & Murphy, C.P. (1980) The soils of Woburn Experimental
Farm. III. Stackyard. Rothamsted Experimental Station, Report for 1979,
part 2: 5-39.

Johnston, A.E. (1973) The effects of ley and arable cropping systems on
the amounts of soil organic matter in the Rothamsted and Woburn
Ley-arable experiments. Rothamsted Experimental Station, Report for
1972, part 2: 131-159.

Creation and Review Dates

DIF Creation Date: 2000-02-28 Last DIF Revision Date: 2006-05-11 Future DIF Review Date: 2001-02-28

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