This appendix contains an example of general instructions that could be used in
conjunction
with a well written procedure and a simple JPM or equivalent (that contains
task-specific
learning objectives, standards of acceptable performance, and questions to
assess trainee
knowledge). These documents should be sufficient to guide training and trainee
evaluation
in the formal OJT setting. These general instructions may be modified to meet
facility-specific needs.
Conduct training using techniques from OJT instructor training and in
accordance with the
task's procedure and JPM. Do not count a successful practice as an OJT
evaluation. The
higher levels of OJT require evaluation to be a separate activity.
- 1. Ensure that all materials are available, plant conditions are
appropriate for OJT, and the
trainee has completed prerequisite training.
- 1. Review the initial conditions for the procedure/JPM with the
trainee. Explain how to
perform the task. Emphasize the knowledge requirements contained in the
JPM.
- 2. Demonstrate and explain the task until the trainee understands what to
do, why to do it,
and how to do it.
- 3. Allow trainee practice under direct supervision until proficiency is
achieved.
- 4. Review the trainee's performance and answer any questions. Document
completion of
the training.
Note the level of performance required for the task as specified in the
qualification
card/checklist or JPM. Levels of performance are perform (P), simulate (S),
observe (O),
or discuss (D). These levels are defined as:
- P - Perform the specified task using approved procedures and
observing all applicable
safety and administrative requirements. Include a thorough discussion (usually
prior to
performing the task) that addresses safety implications, critical steps, the
elements involved,
the effects on associated equipment or systems, and abnormal situations that
may arise
while performing the task.
- S - Simulate performance of the specified task. Using approved
procedures, "walk
through" the task and simulate all actual manipulations (valves, switches,
tools, etc.).
Describe applicable safety and administrative requirements and the parameters
(meters,
charts, measurements, etc.) that would be observed/monitored during actual task
performance. Conduct the same discussion as required for a perform level
signature.
- O - Observe an individual performing the specified task. Conduct the
same discussion as
required for a perform level signature.
- D - Discuss the specified task using applicable procedures, piping and
instrumentation
drawings, blueprints, etc., including the discussion as required for a perform
level signature.
Demonstrate knowledge of the task by describing the manipulations required and
the
parameters that may be expected to change.
Perform is the highest and preferred level of task performance. However,
facility
conditions may require that the next most appropriate level be selected to
conduct the
training. When the level of accomplishment is specified on the qualification
card or JPM,
conduct the training at that level. If conditions are not appropriate to
perform a task, the
training must be rescheduled or training and line management must agree to
reduce the
required level of accomplishment. Any reduction in level of accomplishment
should be
approved and documented.
- 1. Trainees are not allowed to operate any equipment except under the
direct supervision
of a qualified OJT Instructor.
- 2. All equipment operation is conducted in accordance with approved
facility procedures.
- 3. Trainee operation of equipment shall be immediately suspended during
unanticipated or
abnormal events, accident conditions, or whenever the OJT Instructor determines
that
suspension is necessary to ensure safe and reliable facility operation.
- 4. During abnormal or accident conditions, the trainee may provide
assistance at the
discretion and direction of the qualified operator.
Prepare for OJT by participating in prerequisite training and by reviewing the
task's JPM or
equivalent. Study reference(s) and become familiar with all requirements for
passing the
JPM. Ask questions while the instructor is training you to perform the task.
Make sure
you understand. Do not practice or perform any task or operate any equipment
unless
directed to do so by your instructor.
- 1. The purpose of the OJT session is to provide you with task-specific
knowledge and
skills in your job/work area. The knowledge and skills presented during
on-the-job training
are directly related to those you will perform on the job.
- 2. Before starting OJT, the OJT Instructor will state and discuss the
learning objectives and
answer any questions you may have. The OJT instructor will discuss the JPM
with you so
that you know the acceptable standards of knowledge and performance.
- 3. Before starting the training, the instructor will review the initial
conditions for the
procedure/JPM. The instructor will explain how to perform the task.
- 4. The instructor will demonstrate correct performance of the task. The
instructor will
answer questions and continue to explain and/or demonstrate performance until
you
understand what to do, when and why to do it, and how to do it.
- 5. You will be allowed time to practice the task until you can safely
perform at the desired
level of proficiency.
- 6. When you believe that you can perform the task safely and proficiently,
you may
request a performance evaluation. (Facility policy should specify whether the
same OJT
instructor can conduct the performance evaluation or if a separate evaluator or
evaluation in
necessary.)
After the trainee has practiced performing the task, a performance evaluation
is conducted.
A successful practice does not count as an OJT evaluation. The OJT evaluation
is a
separate activity.
- 1. Ensure the trainee has completed all prerequisite training.
- 2. Ensure that the materials required to perform the procedure/JPM (or
equivalent) are on
hand and available for use.
- 3. Before administering the performance evaluation, discuss the
"Performance Evaluation
Instructions" with the trainee. Provide a copy of the evaluation instructions
as a reference.
Review the initial conditions for the procedure/JPM with the trainee.
- 4. Review the criteria for passing the performance evaluation. The
evaluator and the
trainee must clearly understand what is expected.
- 5. The standard of acceptable performance may be written in the JPM,
implied in the
action statement, or stated in the procedure. The trainee is expected to
perform the steps of
the task in sequence unless the JPM indicates differently. Document trainee
performance
deficiencies on the JPM.
- 6. If a knowledge question is linked directly to a procedural step, ask
the question before
moving on to the next step. If it is not linked, ask the listed questions
prior to or at the
completion of the procedure/skills portion of the JPM. Compare the trainee's
answer with
the expected answer from the JPM, mark each question as "Satisfactory" or
"Unsatisfactory" and briefly record the trainee's answer if the response was
unsatisfactory.
- 7. Terminate the performance evaluation if the trainee's actions may
result in danger to
personnel or damage to equipment or the environment. Do not allow the trainee
to commit
an unsafe act. Intervene immediately to prevent or stop unsafe performance.
The evaluator
is fully responsible for the trainee and is required to take control of
systems/equipment
during an emergency.
- 8. Evaluate only one trainee at a time. Do not "coach" the trainee during
the performance
evaluation. Coaching is providing help, prompts, or suggestions that would not
be available
during normal task performance.
- 9. The OJT performance evaluation is conducted on a pass/fail basis. If
the trainee does
not perform according to the JPM requirements, he/she fails. The trainee is
expected to
satisfactorily answer 80% of the knowledge questions.
- 10. Review the performance evaluation (covering strengths and weaknesses)
with the
trainee.
- 11. Document JPM results.
- 12. Provide feedback to appropriate management regarding any difficulties
encountered
using the procedure/JPM and generic instructions for the performance
evaluation.
During the OJT performance evaluation, you will not be allowed to ask
questions, and the
OJT instructor/evaluator is not allowed to give hints or help. The OJT
evaluation is scored
on a pass-fail basis. To pass, you must perform the task according to the
procedure/JPM
(or equivalent). In addition, you must pass the knowledge portion by
satisfactorily
answering the questions in the JPM with 80% accuracy.
- 1. The purpose of this JPM is to evaluate your knowledge and operating
ability. The
knowledge and skills evaluated by this JPM are directly related to those
required on the job.
- 2. Before starting the JPM, the evaluator will state the objective,
provide you with required
information, and answer any questions.
- 3. At any point, the evaluator may stop the evaluation and ask questions
regarding the
steps, sequence, acceptance criteria, or the effects of actions.
- 4. If any critical steps (a procedural/JPM step or action that, if
performed improperly
during the actual performance of a task, could cause damage to equipment, the
environment, or injury to personnel) or any two non-critical steps are not
performed
properly, or you perform a step out of the proper sequence when required, you
will fail the
JPM. If you fail to achieve a minimum score of 80% of the knowledge questions
asked,
you will also fail the JPM.
- 5. If you violate a Technical Safety Requirement or compromise facility
safety or
personnel safety, the evolution will be terminated. If the evaluation is
terminated, you will
be given remedial training and must retake the evaluation.
- 6. When instructed to by the evaluator, you will perform the task
according to the
procedure/JPM.
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