BEEDE WASTE OIL
PLAISTOW, ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
NEW HAMPSHIRE
CONCLUSIONS
A public health hazard exists for the ingestion and inhalation
of volatile organic chemicals(VOCs) in residential drinking water.
VOCs in residential drinking water represent a low
potential for both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic adverse
health effects. No acute adverse health effects are anticipated.
Exposure to VOCs in drinking water is presently occurring, has
likely occurred in the past and will likely continue in the future
since there is no access to municipal drinking water in the area.
NH DES has limited exposure through the supply of bottled water to
the Howard Manor Condominiums and the recent installation of a
point-of-entry (POE) treatment device at this complex.
It should be noted that the levels of VOCs which constitute
this public health hazard are currently being detected at very low
levels. The small increased risk for adverse health effects is
based on a 30-year exposure to contaminated drinking water. The
chance of any health effects occurring will decrease or increase
depending on future levels of contamination and the duration of
exposure. Residents at the Howard Manor Condominiums who were
estimated to be at the highest risk from VOC exposure will be
effectively protected so long as the POE treatment system
continues to remove contaminants.
A public health hazard exists for those residents with
drinking water wells which tested positive for arsenic. To date,
three bedrock wells have tested positive for arsenic at levels
which represent a low increase in cancer risk. No
non-carcinogenic adverse health effects are anticipated to result
from arsenic levels detected in these wells. Arsenic is a
naturally occurring element commonly found in bedrock wells in New
Hampshire and is not thought to be site related.
No apparent public health hazard exists for residents from
exposure to VOCs off-gassing directly from overburden groundwater
into indoor air.
No apparent public health hazard exists for recreators who
come in direct contact with contaminants in soil, sediment and
surface water along Kelley Brook east of the BWO site.
An indeterminate health hazard exists for residents eating
Kelley Brook fish potentially contaminated with PCBs. This pathway
will be evaluated following biota sampling (fish and macro
invertebrates) in Kelley Brook to be conducted in the spring and
fall of 1996 by NH DES.
An indeterminate health hazard exists for former workers at
the Beede Waste Oil site. The extent of this exposure cannot be
determined due to the incomplete characterization of the site.
Documented contamination of soil and stored waste oil with PCBs,
buried drums of organic solvent waste, multiple surface spills
from storage tanks and free product located beneath the abandoned
building suggest the potential for past worker exposure via
contact with contaminated soil and waste oil and inhalation of
VOCs in indoor air in the abandoned building.
An indeterminate public health hazard exists for nearby
residents via ingestion of and dermal contact with residential
soil potentially contaminated with PCBs migrating from on-site
soil. On-site soil characterization is currently insufficient to
evaluate this pathway. Off-site residential soil sampling data is
not currently available. NH DPHS is exploring options for further
PCB soil sampling in order to better determine the potential for
off-site PCB migration.
An indeterminate health hazard exists for trespassers on the
site. Surface soil characterization is currently insufficient to
determine the extent of contamination and the subsequent risks to
frequent trespassers exposed via incidental ingestion of and
dermal contact with soil.
RECOMMENDATIONS
NH DPHS recommends that exposure to site related contaminants
in residential drinking water be reduced or eliminated. It is
understood that NH DES has been supplying the residents of Howard
Manor Condominiums with bottled water and that a point-of-entry
(POE) treatment device for this well is now operational and should
reduce all routes of exposure to VOCs below a level of concern.
Sample analysis has verified the effectiveness of this treatment
system and consequently, NH DPHS recommends no further
restrictions on the use of the Howard Manor treated water.
NH DPHS recommends that off-site monitoring of residential
drinking water wells for VOCs be continued along with
notifications to NH DPHS of any detected contaminants. A repeat
analysis for PCBs and lead is also recommended for nearby
residential drinking water wells due to high levels of these
contaminants in on-site monitoring wells. Residents with elevated
arsenic levels should follow the recommendations provided by NH
DPHS in previous evaluations. These recommendations did not
restrict use on the arsenic containing wells but did suggest
periodic monitoring.
NH DPHS recommends that the free product located in the
overburden aquifer on Parcel 1 be removed or contained. This
source of groundwater contamination is a likely contributor to
off-site residential well contamination. Also, migration of free
product through the interceptor trench and into Kelley Brook
should be contained.
NH DPHS recommends that PCB contamination in on-site surface
soil be better characterized particularly in areas along the
northern and southern borders of Parcel 1 that abut residential
properties. PCB surface soil contamination in this area would
indicate an increased potential for off-site migration to
residential soils. In the absence of this data, NH DPHS has
requested assistance from ATSDR to characterize off-site surface
soil in order to determine whether site abutting residents are
being exposed to PCBs in yard soil that may have migrated from on-
site areas.
NH DPHS recommends that access to Parcel 1 be
completely restricted in order to prevent any recurrence
of trespass. Although available data does not indicate soil
contamination at levels of concern for trespassers, current data
is not adequate to characterize risk to trespassers. There is also
a concern that vandalism could cause further release of and
exposure to stored hazardous waste. It is understood that the
abandoned building (target of previous vandalism and arson) and
the 800 55-gallon drums located behind the main building have been
secured by barbed wire fencing.
NH DPHS recommends that a community health education effort be
conducted in order to educate exposed and potentially exposed
residents as to the hazards posed by VOC contaminated drinking
water and PCB contaminated soil, sediment and fish.
HEALTH ACTIVITIES RECOMMENDATION PANEL
The Public Health Assessment for the Beede Waste Oil site,
Plaistow, Rockingham County, New Hampshire, was evaluated by the
Health Activities Recommendations Panel (HARP). Based on the
conclusions of the state health assessor and the Panel, we propose
that the following statement be included in the PHA for this site:
The data and information evaluated in the Public Health Assessment
for the Beede Waste Oil site, Plaistow, New Hampshire, has been
reviewed by ATSDR's Health Activities Recommendations Panel for
appropriate follow-up with respect to health activities. The panel
determined that community health education is indicated, as needed.
Based on current data and information, no health studies are
indicated at this time; however, the panel requested that they review
any evaluation of new data and information as they become available.
PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION PLAN
The Public Health Action Plan (PHAP) for the Beede Waste Oil site
is outlined below. The purpose of the PHAP is to ensure that this
health assessment not only identifies public health hazards, but
provides a plan of action designed to prevent or mitigate adverse
human health effects resulting from exposure to hazardous substances
in the environment. Included is a commitment on the part of ATSDR and
NH DPHS to ensure that these actions are taken.
Actions Taken:
NH DES is currently monitoring residential drinking water wells
in the area of the Beede Waste Oil site for VOC contamination.
NH DES supplied bottled water to the residents of Howard Manor
Condominiums from July, 1994 to May, 1995. NH DES installed a POE
treatment system on the bedrock well serving these residents in
February, 1995. Bottled water shipments ceased in May of 1995
following two separate sample analyses which detected no VOCs in this
well demonstrating the effectiveness of the POE system. Subsequent
VOC analyses on this well have confirmed this result.
NH DPHS is continuing to evaluate the results of residential
well drinking water analyses performed by NH DES on samples taken
from wells near the Beede Waste Oil site. These evaluations are
communicated to residents with appropriate recommendations on water
use.
NH DES is currently conducting an investigation to further
characterize on-site conditions. Activities include full media
sampling, monitoring well installations and surface geophysics. Data
from this investigation were presented in a report released in
September, 1995 and have been incorporated into this public health
assessment.
EPA is currently designing a free product recovery system for
the site. This system is expected to be operational in early 1997.
EPA has completed a Hazard Ranking System (HRS) package to
determine if the site is eligible for the National Priorities List
(NPL). The site is expected to be formally proposed for listing on
the NPL in the spring of 1996.
Actions Proposed:
NH DPHS plans to conduct a community health education effort in
order to help affected local residents better understand the nature
and degree of the hazards posed by VOC contamination of residential
drinking water and PCB contamination of soil, sediment and fish.
NH DPHS plans to conduct further PCB surface soil sampling in
conjunction with ATSDR and NH DES in order to better characterize the
potential for exposure to PCBs in soil migrating from on-site source
areas into abutters yards.
NH DES plans to conduct biota sampling for PCBs in Kelley Brook
macro invertebrates (summer 1996) and fish (fall 1996). The results
of this sampling will allow a better estimation of the potential for
exposure to PCBs via fish ingestion.
New environmental, toxicological or health outcome data as well as
results from the implementation of the above proposed actions may
determine the need for additional actions at the site. Therefore,
ATSDR will re-evaluate and expand the PHAP as needed and provide
annual follow-up outlining the actions completed and those in
progress.
This report will be made available to the public through local
libraries and upon request.
PREPARERS OF REPORT
Robert M. Duff
Environmental Health Analyst
New Hampshire Division of Public Health Services
Bureau of Health Risk Assessment
ATSDR REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVES
Louise House
Senior Regional Representative
Office of Regional Operations
ATSDR TECHNICAL PROJECT OFFICER
Gregory V. Ulirsch
Environmental Health Engineer
Superfund Site Assessment Branch
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation
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