Table 3.--U.S. reported consumption of cobalt, by end use (Metric tons, cobalt content) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- End use 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Steel: Full-alloy----------------------------------- 62 89 98 103 113 84 High-strength low-alloy---------------------- (1/) (1/) 3 20 4 1 Stainless and heat-resisting----------------- 52 23 18 15 18 17 Tool----------------------------------------- 242 144 164 235 313 132 Superalloys------------------------------------ 1,053 899 1,366 1,489 1,855 1,023 Alloys (excludes alloy steels and superalloys): Cutting and wear-resistant materials-------- 633 558 577 1,139 1,169 636 Magnetic alloys------------------------------ 1,077 1,033 1,561 1,951 1,568 922 Nonferrous alloys---------------------------- 249 241 295 358 354 315 Welding materials---------------------------- 82 112 90 177 192 215 Other alloys--------------------------------- 445 213 307 342 290 179 Mill products made from metal powder----------- W W W W W W Chemical and ceramic uses: Catalysts------------------------------------ 182 215 318 522 625 504 Drier in paint or related usage-------------- (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) Feed or nutritive additive------------------- (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) Glass decolorizer---------------------------- 31 27 28 29 23 19 Ground coat frit----------------------------- 59 62 65 75 60 38 Pigments------------------------------------- 70 66 75 98 87 59 Miscellaneous chemical and ceramic uses3/---- 1,190 1,291 1,299 1,708 1,717 1,398 Miscellaneous and unspecified------------------ 636 695 144 239 167 257 -------------------------------------------------------- Total4/------------------------------------ 6,063 5,670 6,409 8,501 8,555 5,800 -------------------------------------------------------- 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 -------------------------------------------------------- Steel: Full-alloy----------------------------------- 107 163 113 103 53 64 High-strength low-alloy---------------------- W W 5 W W W Stainless and heat-resisting----------------- 19 34 61 62 21 16 Tool----------------------------------------- 101 139 172 187 146 77 Superalloys------------------------------------ 1,260 1,684 1,950 2,393 2,851 1,903 Alloys (excludes alloy steels and superalloys): Cutting and wear-resistant materials-------- 719 648 833 963 610 488 Magnetic alloys------------------------------ 1,599 1,578 1,709 1,481 1,028 765 Nonferrous alloys---------------------------- 368 295 268 178 68 59 Welding materials---------------------------- 235 200 329 201 281 221 Other alloys--------------------------------- 297 125 171 124 95 56 Mill products made from metal powder----------- W W W W W W Chemical and ceramic uses: Catalysts------------------------------------ 656 583 736 5/854 751 580 Drier in paint or related usage-------------- (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) 604 625 Feed or nutritive additive------------------- (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) 34 26 Glass decolorizer---------------------------- 14 12 10 5/20 18 18 Ground coat frit----------------------------- 41 35 44 5/251 219 200 Pigments------------------------------------- 94 85 90 5/90 128 149 Miscellaneous chemical and ceramic uses3/---- 1,811 1,716 2,451 5/812 -- -- Miscellaneous and unspecified------------------ 156 222 126 173 43 49 -------------------------------------------------------- Total4/------------------------------------ 7,476 7,519 9,069 7,893 6,949 5,298 ----------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. Table 3.--U.S. reported consumption of cobalt, by end use--Continued (Metric tons, cobalt content) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- End use 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Steel: Full-alloy----------------------------------- 52 W W W W W High-strength low-alloy---------------------- W W W W W W Stainless and heat-resisting----------------- 23 24 34 28 34 26 Tool----------------------------------------- 73 112 160 92 116 174 Superalloys------------------------------------ 1,505 1,830 2,162 2,418 6/2,924 2,873 Alloys (excludes alloy steels and superalloys): Cutting and wear-resistant materials-------- 289 302 377 7/566 518 8/428 Magnetic alloys------------------------------ 700 776 1,002 660 699 675 Nonferrous alloys---------------------------- 66 77 80 8/W W W Welding materials---------------------------- 202 214 181 W W 6/256 Other alloys--------------------------------- 25 33 7 8/55 54 43 Mill products made from metal powder----------- W W W W W W Chemical and ceramic uses: Catalysts------------------------------------ 358 483 588 497 656 W Drier in paint or related usage-------------- 505 682 571 517 674 797 Feed or nutritive additive------------------- 24 23 26 21 21 W Glass decolorizer---------------------------- 15 19 19 19 18 W Ground coat frit----------------------------- 216 295 280 328 350 W Pigments------------------------------------- 173 166 189 182 210 W Miscellaneous chemical and ceramic uses3/---- -- -- -- -- -- -- Miscellaneous and unspecified------------------ 67 98 197 233 210 1,396 -------------------------------------------------------- Total4/------------------------------------ 4,295 5,134 5,871 7/5,616 6/6,483 6,666 -------------------------------------------------------- 1988 1989 1990 ----------------------------- Steel: Full-alloy----------------------------------- W W W High-strength low-alloy---------------------- W -- -- Stainless and heat-resisting----------------- 26 74 41 Tool----------------------------------------- 180 219 123 Superalloys------------------------------------ 2,865 2,860 3,345 Alloys (excludes alloy steels and superalloys): Cutting and wear-resistant materials-------- 522 538 541 Magnetic alloys------------------------------ 878 870 710 Nonferrous alloys---------------------------- 64 27 31 Welding materials---------------------------- 206 136 180 Other alloys--------------------------------- 86 52 74 Mill products made from metal powder----------- W W W Chemical and ceramic uses: Catalysts------------------------------------ W W W Drier in paint or related usage-------------- 892 718 5/751 Feed or nutritive additive------------------- W W W Glass decolorizer---------------------------- W W W Ground coat frit----------------------------- W W W Pigments------------------------------------- W W W Miscellaneous chemical and ceramic uses3/---- -- -- -- Miscellaneous and unspecified------------------ 1,590 1,680 1,717 -------------------------------------------------------- Total4/------------------------------------ 7,308 7,172 7,512 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data; included with "Miscellaneous and unspecified." 1/Included with "Full-alloy." 2/Included with "Miscellaneous chemical and ceramic uses." 3/Driers in paint and related products, pigments, enamel ground coats, feed, electroplating, etc. 4/Data may not add to totals shown because of independent rounding. 5/Data not comparable with those of previous years because of a change in reporting. 6/Data not comparable with those of previous years because of the addition of statistical canvass coverage of the superalloy recycling industry. 7/Data not comparable with those of previous years because of the addition of an estimate for the cemented carbide industry. 8/Data not comparable with those of previous years because of a change in end-use definition.