Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog.
Note: Contents data are machine generated based on pre-publication provided by the publisher. Contents may have variations from the printed book or be incomplete or contain other coding.
CONTENTS VOLUME 1 Domestic Water Supply The Arsenic Drinking Water Crisis in Bangladesh Bottled Water Corrosion Control in Drinking Water Systems Economics of Residential Water Demands Gray Water Reuse in Households Water and Human Health Nitrate Health Effects Domestic Water Supply-Public-Private Partnership Methods of Reducing Radon in Drinking Water Water Reuse Roof Drainage Hydraulics Septic Tank Systems Domestic Solar Water Heaters Household Drinking Water Treatment and Safe Storage Virus Transport in the Subsurface Windmills Municipal Water Supply Mixing and Agitation in Water Treatment Systems Arsenic in Natural Waters Evaluation of Microbial Components of Biofouling Threat Agents and Water Biosecurity Granular Activated Carbon Competitive Adsorption of Several Organics and Heavy Metals on Activated Carbon in Water A Real-Time Hydrological Information System for Cities Chlorine and Chlorine Residuals Modeling Chlorine Residuals in Urban Water Distribution Systems Particulate Matter Removal by Coagulation Selective Coagulant Recovery from Water Treatment Plant Residuals Using the Domain Membrane Process Physical Water Conditioning Consumer Confidence Reports Water Conservation Measures Preventing Well Contamination Corrosion Control Cross Connection and Backflow Prevention Molecular-Based Detection of Cryptosporidium Parvum in Water Cryptosporidium Measuring Cryptosporidium Parvum Oocyst Inactivation Following Disinfection With Ultraviolet Light Dechlorination Desalination Diatomaceous Earth Filtration for Drinking Water Emerging Waterborne Infectious Diseases Improving Waterborne Disease Surveillance Disinfectants Disinfection Water Distribution System Operation Water Quality in Distribution Systems Design of Water Distribution Systems What is in Our Drinking Water? The Economics of Water Resources Allocation Answering the Challenge Key Causes of Drinking Water Quality Failure in a Rural Small Water Supply of South Africa Filtration Water Filtration Filtration With Granular Media Slow Sand Filtration and the Impact of Schmutzdecke Multistage Drinking Water Filtration Multistage Filtration: An Innovative Water Treatment Technology Particulate Matter Removal by Filtration and Sedimentation Filtration Water Treatment Synthetic and Natural Organic Removal by Biological Filtration Granular Bed and Precoat Filtration Flocculation Fluoridation Giardiasis Gravity Separation/Sedimentation Water Hammer Health Effects of Commonly Occurring Disinfection Byproducts in Municipal Water Supplies Health Effects of Microbial Contaminants and Biotoxins in Drinking Water Drinking Water and Public Health Protection 1962 U.S. Public Health Service Standards Ion Exchange and Demineralization The State of the Water Industry-2004 Iron and Manganese Removal Extraterritorial Land Use Control to Protect Water Supplies Leak Detection and Water Loss Control Lime-Soda Ash Processes Lime Softening Ion Exchange-Use of Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin For Doc Removal Membrane Filtration Water Meters Microbiological Concerns of Drinking Water Distribution Systems Nitrification of Potable Water Using Trickling Filters Organic Removal Ozone Ozone With Activated Carbon for Drinking Water Treatment Ozone-Bromide Interactions Municipal Water Supply: Ozonation Review of Parasite Fate and Transport in Karstic Aquifers Particulate Removal Pharmaceuticals in Water Systems Point-of-Use/Point-of-Entry Systems (POU/POE) Assessing the Bactericidal Efficiency of Polydex for the Disinfection of Drinking Water in Rural Areas of South Africa Private Sector Participation, Marketing and Corporate Strategies in Municipal Water Supply and Sewerage Pumps Radionuclides Use of Redox Potentials in Wastewater Treatment Repairing Distribution Line Breaks Role of Small Water Reservoirs in Environment Reservoirs, Towers, and Tanks Drinking Water Storage Facilities Water Treatment Plant Residuals Management Reverse Osmosis, Process Chemistry Reverse Osmosis, Membrane Foulants Reverse Osmosis, Membrane Cleaning Application of Risk Assessments in Crafting Drinking Water Regulations PotentialRisks of Waterborne Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Slow Sand Filtration Approaches for Securing a Water Distribution System Water Security: An Emerging Issue Guide to Selection of Water Treatment Processes Source Water Assessment Hydraulic Design of Water Distribution Storage Tanks System Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Settling Tanks Treatment for Technologies for Small Drinking Water Systems Ultraviolet Disinfection Ultraviolet Irradiation Water Disinfection Using UV Radiation-A Sri Lankan Experience Drinking Water Quality Standards (DWQS)-United States Valves Removal of Pathogenic Bacteria, Viruses, and Protozoa Water Meter Municipal Watersheds Public Water Supply World Ten Key Trends That Will Shape the Future of the World Water Industry Zebra Mussel Control Without Chemicals Package Plants Anaerobic Sewage Treatment Persistence of Pathogens in Water Well Head Protection Chemical Drinking Water Standards, Past, Present, and Future Industrial Water Magnetic Water Conditioning Water Impacts from Construction Sites Industrial Cooling Water-Biofouling Industrial Cooling Water-Corrosion Industrial Cooling Water-Scale Formation Economics of Industrial Water Demands Electric Generating Plants-Effects of Contaminants Energy Dissipation Water Use in Energy Production Evaluation of Toxic Properties of Industrial Effluents by On-Line Respirometry Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbon Treatment Techniques Use of Anaerobic-Aerobic Treatment Systems for Maize Processing Plants Bonding of Toxic Metal Ions Application of Microfiltration to Industrial Wastewaters Water Treatment in Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Industrial Mine Use: Mine Waste Sugarcane Industry Wastewaters Treatment Estimated Use of Water in The United States in 1990 Industrial Water Use Waste Water Treatment Aeration Fine Bubble Diffused Air Aeration Systems Air Stripping Land Applications of Wastewater in Arid Lands: Theory and Case Studies Technologies for Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Water Sources Biochemical Oxygen Demand Molecular Biology Tools for Monitoring Biodiversity in Wastewater Treatment Plants Biosolids Integrated Capacity Building Needs for Water Supply and Wastewater Sanitation Wastewater Characterization Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment of Wastewater Getting Our Clean Water Act Together Inadequate Treatment of Wastewater: A Source of Coliform Bacteria in Receiving Surface Water Bodies in Developing Countries-Case Study: Eastern Cape Province of South Africa Denitrification in The Activated Sludge Process Detergents Ecological Wastewater Management Waste Treatment in Fish Farms Flotation as A Separation Process Degradation of Chloro-Organics and Hydrocarbons Landfill Landfill Leachates, Part I: Origin and Characterization Landfill Leachates: Part 2: Treatment Macrophytes as Biomonitors of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Wastewater Management for Developing Countries Mercury Removal From Complex Waste Waters Metal Speciation and Mobility as Influenced by Landfill Disposal Practices Microbial Foaming in the Activated Sludge Process Introduction to Wastewater Modeling and Treatment Plant Design Practical Applications of Wastewater Modeling and Treatment Plant Design New York City Harbor Survey Nitrification in the Activated Sludge Process Effluent Limitations and the NPDES Permit Odor Abatement in Wastewater Treatment Plants Aqueous Reactions of Specific Organic Compounds with Ozone The fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in The wastewater Treatment Process The Role of Organoclay in Water Cleanup Combined Sewer Overflow Treatment Biological Phosphorus Removal in the Activated Sludge Process Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors in Water Purification EPA's National Pretreatment Program, 1973-2003: Thirty Years of Protecting The Environment Problems Encountered During Pipe Repair and Renewal Radioactive Waste Reclaimed Water Wastewater Treatment and Recycling Technologies Wastewater Treatment Processes and Water Reuse Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse Research Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse Treatment Technology Sewage Domestic Sewage Solidification/Stabilization of Hazardous Solid Wastes Wastewater Treatment-Small Scale Microbial Foaming and Bulking in Activated Sludge Plants Aqueous Behavior of Elements in a Flue Gas Desulfurization Sludge Disposal Site Sludge Treatment and Disposal Wastewater Sludge Processing of Sludge Municipal Storm Water Management What Wastewater Utilities Can Do Now to Guard Against Terrorist and Security Threats Wastewater Treatment Techniques-Advanced Trenchless Repair and Rehabilitation Techniques Basics of Underground Water and Sewer Pipeline Assessment, Repair, and Rehabilitation Water Hammer: Quantitative Causes and Effects Constructed Wetlands Using Ecosystem Processes in a Constructed Wetland to Treat Mine Wastewater in Ireland Water and Wastewater Properties and Characteristics Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Sewerage Odors-How to Control Ultrafiltration-Complexation in Wastewater Treatment CONTENTS VOLUME 2 Water Quality Control Acid Mine Drainage-Extent and Character 1 The Control of Algal Populations in Eutrophic Water Bodies 2 Arsenic Compounds in Water 7 Arsenic Health Effects 15 Background Concentration of Pollutants 18 Waterborne Bacteria 20 Water Assessment and Criteria 24 Physiological Biomarkers and the Trondheim Biomonitoring System 28 Biomarkers, Bioindicators, and the Trondheim Biomonitoring System 29 Active Biomonitoring (ABM) by Translocation of Bivalve Molluscs 33 Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Other Organic Pollution Measures 37 Biodegradation 41 Bioluminescent Biosensors for Toxicity Testing 45 Biomanipulation 50 Genomic Technologies in Biomonitoring 58 Macrophytes as Biomonitors of Trace Metals 64 Biosorption of Toxic Metals 68 Bromide Influence on Trihalomethane and Haloacetic Acid Formation 74 Activated Carbon: Ion Exchange and Adsorption Properties 79 Activated Carbon-Powdered 86 Chlorination 88 Chlorination By-Products 91 Classification and Environmental Quality Assessment in Aquatic Environments 94 Coagulation and Flocculation in Practice 98 Colloids and Dissolved Organics: Role in Membrane and Depth Filtration 99 Column Experiments in Saturated Porous Media Studying Contaminant Transport 103 Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase as an Indicator of PCB/Dioxin-Like Compounds in Fish 106 Water Related Diseases 111 Dishwashing Water Quality Properties 112 Disinfection By-Product Precursor Removal from Natural Waters 115 Alternative Disinfection Practices and Future Directions for Disinfection By-Product Minimization 118 Water Quality Aspects of Dredged Sediment Management 122 The Economics of Water Quality 127 Understanding Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and the Need for Rapid Detection in Water 136 Eutrophication and Organic Loading 142 Trace Element Contamination in Groundwater of District Hardwar, Uttaranchal, India 143 Iron Bacteria 149 Cartridge Filters for Iron Removal 152 Irrigation Water Quality in Areas Adjoining River Yamuna At Delhi, India 155 Water Sampling and Laboratory Safety 161 Municipal Solid Waste Landfills-Water Quality Issues 163 Land Use Effects on Water Quality 169 Monitoring Lipophilic Contaminants in the Aquatic Environment using the SPMD-TOX Paradigm 170 Use of Luminescent Bacteria and the Lux Genes For Determination of Water Quality 172 Water Quality Management 176 Water Quality Management and Nonpoint Source Control 184 Water Quality Management in an Urban Landscape 189 Water Quality Management in the U.S.: History of Water Regulation 193 Water Quality Management in a Forested Landscape 199 Trace Metal Speciation 202 Metal Ion Humic Colloid Interaction 205 Heavy Metal Uptake Rates Among Sediment Dwelling Organisms 211 Methemoglobinemia 219 Microbial Activities Management 223 Microbial Dynamics of Biofilms 228 Microbial Enzyme Assays for Detecting Heavy Metal Toxicity 233 Microbial Forms in Biofouling Events 239 Microbiological Quality Control in Distribution Systems 243 Water Quality Models for Developing Soil Management Practices 248 Water Quality Modeling-Case Studies 255 Field Sampling and Monitoring of Contaminants 263 Water Quality Models: Chemical Principles 269 Water Quality Models: Mathematical Framework 273 Environmental Applications with Submitochondrial Particles 278 Interest in the Use of an Electronic Nose for Field Monitoring of Odors in the Environment 281 Oil-Field Brine 284 Oil Pollution 290 Indicator Organisms 292 pH 294 Perchloroethylene (PCE) Removal 299 A Primer on Water Quality 301 Overview of Analytical Methods of Water Analyses With Specific Reference to EPA Methods for Priority Pollutant Analysis 304 Source-Water Protection 311 Protozoa in Water 313 Water Quality 314 Water Quality 316 Emerging and Recalcitrant Compounds in Groundwater 316 Road Salt 319 Review of River Water Quality Modeling Software Tools 325 River Water Quality Calibration 331 Salmonella: Monitoring and Detection in Drinking Water 337 Lysimeter Soil Water Sampling 340 Regulatory and Security Requirements for Potable Water 343 A Weight of Evidence Approach to Characterize Sediment Quality Using Laboratory and Field Assays: An Example For Spanish Coasts 350 Remediation and Bioremediation of Selenium-Contaminated Waters 355 Shellfish Growing Water Classification 360 Sorptive Filtration 362 Quality of Water in Storage 367 Quality of Water Supplies 370 The Submitochondrial Particle Assay as a Biological Monitoring Tool 376 Microscale Test Relationships to Responses to Toxicants in Natural Systems 379 Toxicity Identification Evaluation 380 Whole Effluent Toxicity Controls 382 Development and Application of Sediment Toxicity Tests for Regulatory Purposes 383 Algal Toxins in Water 387 Ground Water Quality in Areas Adjoining River Yamuna at Delhi, India 392 Chlorine Residual 398 Source Water Quality Management 399 Dose-Response of Mussels to Chlorine 401 Metallothioneins as Indicators of Trace Metal Pollution 406 Amphipod Sediment Toxicity Tests 408 Ciliated Protists as Test Organisms in Toxicity Assessment 413 SOFIE: An Optimized Approach for Exposure Tests and Sediment Assays 418 Passive Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage (Wetlands) 423 Biomarkers and Bioaccumulation: Two Lines of Evidence to Assess Sediment Quality 426 Lead and its Health Effects 432 Microbial Detection of Various Pollutants as an Early System for Monitoring of Water Quality and Ecological Integrity of Natural Resources, in Russia 440 Luminescent Bacterial Biosensors for the Rapid Detection of Toxicants 453 Development and Application of Sediment Toxicity Test for Regulatory Purposes 458 Water Resource Development and Management Water Resources Challenges in the Arab World 470 Effluent Water Regulations in Arid Lands 475 California-Continually the Nation's Leader in Water Use 478 Lessons from the Rising Caspian 480 Institutional Aspects of Water Management in China 484 Will Water Scarcity Limit China's Agricultural Potential? 488 Water and Coastal Resources 489 Water Use Conservation and Efficiency 489 Conservation of Water 495 The Development of American Water Resources: Planners, Politicians, and Constitutional Interpretation 498 Water Markets: Transaction Costs and Institutional Options 499 Averting Water Disputes 501 Water Supply and Water Resources: Distribution System Research 509 Drought in the Dust Bowl Years 511 Drought Management Planning 514 Drought and Water Supply Management 515 Assessment of Ecological Effects in Water-Limited Environments 516 Reaching Out: Public Education and Community Involvement in Groundwater Protection 518 Integration of Environmental Impacts into Water Resources Planning 520 The Expansion of Federal Water Projects 522 Flood Control History in the Netherlands 524 Food and Water in an Emergency 526 Water Demand Forecasting 529 Remote Sensing and GIS Application in Water Resources 531 Globalization of Water 536 Water Science Glossary of Terms 541 Harvesting Rainwater 548 Urban Water Resource and Management in Asia: Ho Chi Minh City 552 Hydropower-Energy from Moving Water 554 Water Markets in India: Economic and Institutional Aspects 555 Water Resources of India 559 Water Infrastructure and Systems 567 Overview and Trends in the International Water Market 568 Best Management Practices for Water Resources 570 Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) 574 Management of Water Resources for Drought Conditions 576 Water Resources Management 586 NASA Helping to Understand Water Flow in the West 587 Transboundary Water Conflicts in the Nile Basin 590 Planning and Managing Water Infrastructure 594 Application of the Precautionary Principle to Water Science 595 Water Pricing 603 Spot Prices, Option Prices, and Water Markets 606 Water Managed in the Public Trust 608 Water Recycling and Reuse: The Environmental Benefits 610 State and Regional Water Supply 613 River Basin Decisions Support Systems 619 Water Resource Sustainability: Concepts and Practices 624 The Provision of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries 630 Sustainable Management of Natural Resources 633 Sustainable Water Management On Mediterranean Islands: Research and Education 638 Meeting Water Needs in Developing Countries with Tradable Rights 643 Water Use in the United States 645 How We Use Water in These United States 650 Valuing Water Resources 653 Water-Here, There, and Everywhere in Canada 656 Water Conservation-Every Drop Counts in Canada 660 Ecoregions: A Spatial Framework for Environmental Management 667 Flood of Portals on Water 668 Fuzzy Criteria for Water Resources Systems Performance Evaluation 674 Participatory Multicriteria Flood Management 678 Water Resources Systems Analysis 683 CONTENTS VOLUME 3 Surface Water Hydrology Acidification-Chronic 1 Episodic Acidification 5 Acidification of Freshwater Resources 7 Geochemistry of Acid Mine Drainage 13 The Aral Sea Disaster: Environment Issues and Nationalist Tensions 15 Lake Baikal-A Touchstone for Global Change and Rift Studies 20 Base Flow 22 River Basins 28 River Basin Planning and Coordination 33 Bioaccumulation 34 Biotic Integrity Index to Evaluate Water Resource Integrity in Freshwater Systems 36 Reversal of the Chicago River 41 Flood Control in the Yellow River Basin in China 45 Chrionomids in Sediment Toxicity Testing 50 Cienega 57 Time-Area and The Clark Rainfall-Runoff Transformation 60 Stream Classification 65 Coastal Wetlands 71 Freshwater Colloids 74 Culvert Design 75 Dilution-Mixing Zones and Design Flows 78 Drainage Ditches 87 Drainage Networks 93 Dyes As Hydrological Tracers 95 Flow-duration Curves 102 Environmental Flows 106 Eutrophication (Excessive Fertilization) 107 Cultural Eutrophication 114 Fish Cells in the Toxicological Evaluation of Environmental Contaminants 115 Fish Consumption Advisories 118 Fisheries: History, Science, and Management 121 Factors Affecting Fish Growth and Production 129 Water Needs for Freshwater Fisheries Management 133 An Outline of the History of Fishpond Culture in Silesia, the Western Part of Poland 135 Floods 142 Flood Control Strucutres 150 Floods as a Natural Hazard 153 Flood Source Mapping in Watersheds 155 Urban Flooding 159 Floodwater Spreading 163 Minimum Environmental Flow Regimes 166 Forensic Hydrogeology 168 Forests and Wetlands 170 Rock Glacier 174 Great Lakes 175 Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Hydroelectric Reservoirs 180 Gully Erosion 183 Potential Health Issues Associated With Blue-Green Algae Blooms in Impoundments, Ponds and Lakes 188 Heat Balance of Open Waterbodies 190 Hydraulics 194 Hydraulics of Pressurized Flow 196 Hydroelectric Power 199 Hydroelectric Reservoirs as Anthropogenic Sources of Greenhouse Gases 203 Hydrologic Persistence and The Hurst Phenomenon 210 Unit Hydrograph 221 Hydrological Processes and Measured Pollutant Loads 222 Hydrologic Thresholds 229 Ganga River, India 232 Interception 235 Kinematic Shock 239 Kinematic Wave Method For Storm Drainage Design 242 Kinematic Wave and Diffusion Wave Theories 246 Kinematic Wave Flow Routing 253 Reliability Concepts in Reservoir Design 259 Lakes 265 The Theory of Alternative Stable States in Shallow Lake Ecosystems 272 NOAA Lake Level Forecast for Lake Michigan Right on Target 274 Submerged Aquatic Plants Affect Water Quality in Lakes 275 Lakes-Discharges To 281 Lasers Scan Levees from the Air 284 Levees for Flood Protection 286 Limnology 291 Adsorption of Metal Ions On Bed Sediments 295 Microbiology of Lotic Aggregates and Biofilms 305 Microorganisms in Their Natural Environment 309 Calibration of Hydraulic Network Models 313 Numerical Modeling of Currents 320 Uncertainty Analysis in Watershed Modeling 325 Watershed Modeling 327 Modeling of Water Quality in Sewers 331 Modeling of Urban Drainage and Stormwater 337 Modeling Ungauged Watersheds 342 Corps Turned Niagara Falls Off, On Again 345 Open Channel Design 346 Organic Compounds and Trace Elements in Freshwater Streambed Sediment and Fish from the Puget Sound Basin 349 Impervious Cover-Paving Paradise 363 Phytoremediation By Constructed Wetlands 364 Unrecognized Pollutants 371 Pollution of Surface Waters 373 Pond Aquaculture-Modeling and Decision Support Systems 375 Pumping Stations 379 Regulated Rivers 381 Reservoirs-Multipurpose 382 Dam Removal as River Restoration 387 Riparian Systems 390 Rivers 392 River and Water Facts 394 Sediment Load Measurements 397 Sedimentation 401 Sedimentation and Flotation 404 Reservoir Sedimentation 408 Water from Saturated River Sediment-Sand Abstraction 412 Sediment Transport 417 Stochastic Simulation of Hydrosystems 421 Storage and Detention Facilities 430 Urban Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Issues 432 Rivers and Streams: One-Way Flow System 437 Streamflow 439 Water Quality in Surburban Watersheds 441 Surface Water Pollution 444 Surface Runoff and Subsurface Drainage 451 Trace Elements in Water, Sediment, and Aquatic Biota-Effects of Biology and Human Activity 454 Innovative Pens Hatch Thousands of Trout 458 Watershed 460 Combustible Watersheds 461 Time of Concentration and Travel Time in Watersheds 469 Watershed Hydrology 472 Watershed Management for Environmental Quality and Food Security 479 Water Hyacinth-The World's Most Problematic Weed 479 Water Quality in Ponds 484 Water Turbine 487 Wetlands: Uses, Functions, and Values 489 Wetlands Overview 493 Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States 496 Urban Runoff 498 Urban Water Studies 501 Subglacial Lake Vostok 503 Water-The Canadian Transporter 507 Flood Prevention 510 Effects of DDT in Surface Water on Bird Abundance and Reproduction-A History 513 Instream Flow Methods 526 Floodplain 527 Fish Passage Facilities 529 Fishing Waters 532 Land Surface Modeling 533 Agricultural Water Animal Farming Operations: Groundwater Quality Issues 538 Aquaculture Technology for Producers 540 Biofuel Alternatives to Fossil Fuels 545 Soil Conservation 549 Landscape Water-Conservation Techniques 553 Crop Water Requirements 557 Agricultural Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and Productivity (WP) 558 Large Area Surface Energy Balance Estimation Using Satellite Imagery 560 Soil Erosion and Control Practices 565 Water Table Contribution to Crop Evapotranspiration 570 Crop Evapotranspiration 571 Water Pollution From Fish Farms 579 World's Major Irrigation Areas 581 Irrigation in The United States 586 Irrigation Wells 594 Agriculture and Land Use Planning 595 Waterlogging 599 Water Quality Management in an Agricultural Landscape 604 Classification and Mapping of Agricultural Land for National Water-Quality Assessment 608 Metal Tolerance in Plants: The Roles of Thiol-Containing Peptides 609 Microirrigation 615 Microirrigation: An Approach to Efficient Irrigation 620 Plant and Microorganism Selection for Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbons and Metals 628 Nitrate Pollution Prevention 637 Nitrification 640 Occurrence of Organochlorine Pesticides in Vegetables Grown on Untreated Soils from an Agricultural Watershed 643 Pesticide Chemistry in the Environment 647 Remediation of Pesticide-Contaminated Soil at Agrichemical Facilities 651 Pesticide Occurrence and Distribution in Relation to Use 655 Assessment of Pollution Outflow From Large Agricultural Areas 657 Deep-Well Turbine Pumps 664 Microbial Quality of Reclaimed Irrigation: International Perspective 667 Soil Salinity 673 Maintaining Salt Balance on Irrigated Land 677 Salt Tolerance 681 Groundwater Assessment Using Soil Sampling Techniques 688 Skimmed Groundwater 691 Soil Moisture Measurement-Neutron 692 Soil N Management Impact on The Quality of Surface and Subsurface Water 694 Soil Phosphorus Availability and Its Impact on Surface Water Quality 701 Soil Water Issues 706 Water Spreading 708 Sprinkler Irrigation 712 Stomates 714 Crop Water Stress Detection Using Remote Sensing 719 Vacuum Gauge Tensiometer 724 Tile Drainage 729 Tile Drainage: Impacts, Plant Growth, and Water Table Levels 731 Measuring and Modeling Tree and Stand Level Transpiration 732 Water Logging: Topographic and Agricultural Impacts 741 Weed Control Strategies 742 Screen Filters for Microirrigation 748 Xeriscape 750 Media Filters for Microirrigation 752 CONTENTS VOLUME 4 Oceanography Air-Sea Interaction 1 NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory 4 Laboratory Experiments On Bivalve Excretion Rates of Nutrients 6 Temporal Scaling of Benthic Nutrient Regeneration in Bivalve-Dominated Tidal Flat 11 Breakwaters 14 The Ocean in Climate 21 Coastal Waters 23 Marine Colloids 27 Deep Water Corals 32 Marine Debris Abatement 38 Larvae and Small Species of Polychaetes in Marine Toxilogical Testing 42 El Ni no: The Interannual Prediction Problem 43 Renewable Energies from the Ocean 44 Estuarian Waters 49 NOS/NMFS Cooperative Research on Coastal Fisheries and Habitats at the Beaufort Laboratory 55 Distribution and Dynamics of Gas Hydrates in the Marine Environment 57 Oceanographic Environment of Glacier Bay 61 NOS Sanctuaries Protect Nation's Maritime History 62 Quantification of Anoxia and Hypoxia in Water Bodies 64 Floating Ice 69 Technology Development: Hardware Development-Marine Instrumentation Laboratory (MIL) 70 Seasonal Coupling Between Intertidal Macrofauna and Sediment Column Porewater Nutrient Concentrations 73 Mapping the Sea Floor of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS) Offshore of New York City 77 NOAA and University Scientists Study Methyl Bromide Cycling in the North Pacific 80 Tidally Mediated Changes in Nutrient Concentrations 81 The Role of Oceans in the Global Cycles of Climatically-Active Trace-Gases 85 Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory-30 Years of Observing The Ocean 89 Seawater Temperature Estimates in Paleoceanography 92 Physical Oceanography 95 Coastal Water Pollutants 96 Trace Element Pollution 109 Coral Reefs and Your Coastal Watershed 113 Sea Level and Climate 117 The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level 118 Marine and Estuarine Microalgal Sediment Toxicity Tests 120 Marine Stock Enhancement Techniques 124 Physical and Chemical Variability of Tidal Streams 128 Black Water Turns the Tide on Florida Coral 133 Shallow Water Waves 135 Water Waves 138 Woods Hole: The Early Years 139 An Analysis of the International Maritime Organization-London Convention Annual Ocean Dumping Reports 144 Marine Sources of Halocarbons 149 Food Chain/Foodweb/Food Cycle 151 Plankton 154 Major Ions in Seawater 159 Tsunami 160 Meteorology Ballooning and Meteorology in the Twentieth Century 164 Barometric Efficiency 166 CERES: Understanding The Earth's Clouds and Climate 169 Chinook 170 Global Climate Change 171 Observations of Climate and Global Change from Real-Time Measurements 172 Overview: The Climate System 179 Climate and Society 183 What is Climatology? 186 Cloud Seeding 187 Condensation 188 Cosmic Water 189 The Water Cycle 191 Cyclones 194 Water Cycle 196 Degree Day Method 197 Desertification 199 Dew 200 Dew Deserts 201 Dew Point 207 Droughts 208 Drought Indices 209 The Earth Observing System: Aqua 214 Entropy Theory For Hydrologic Modeling 217 Evaporation 223 Evapotranspiration 226 Fog 229 Coastal Fog Along the Northern Gulf of Mexico 230 Rain Forests 239 Frost 240 Frost Damage 241 The Global Water Cycle 242 Ground-Based GPS Meteorology at FSL 244 Climate and Water Balance on the Island of Hawaii 255 Heat of Vaporization 263 Hydrologic History, Problems, and Perspectives 265 Humidity-Absolute 269 Relative Humidity 270 Hurricanes: Modeling Nature's Fury 274 Hydrologic Cycle 275 Hydrosphere 283 Hydrologic Cycle, Water Resources, and Society 287 Isohyetal Method 290 What About Meteorology? 292 Basic Research for Military Applications 295 Uncertainties in Rainfall-Runoff Modeling 297 Monsoon 304 African Monsoons 304 Permanent Frost 305 Radar Use in Rainfall Measurements 306 Rainfall 309 Rainfall and Runoff 315 Remote Sensing of Applications in Hydrology 319 Atmospheric Scientists 328 Rain Simulators 330 Snow Density 333 Flattop Mountain Snotel Snowpack: Water Year 2004 334 Snow and Snowmelt 336 Snow Surveys 337 A Statistical Approach to Critical Storm Period Analysis 338 Sublimation 343 Transpiration 345 Waterspout 347 United States Weather Bureau 347 Weather Forecasting Through The Ages 348 Overview of Weather Systems 352 Unit Hydrograph Theory 355 Weather and the Atmosphere 360 Vapor Pressure 362 Adiabatic Cooling 366 Rain and Rocks: The Recipe for River Water Chemistry 371 Physics and Chemistry of Water Acid Rain and Society 377 Adsorption Capacity of Activated Carbon for Water Purification 381 Adsorption of Organic Compounds 384 Age Dating Old Groundwater 388 Ammonia 390 Beryllium in Water 394 Dissolved Organic Carbon 399 Mechanisms of Water Adsorption on Carbons 400 The Effect of Carbon Surface Chemical Composition on the Mechanism of Phenol Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions 404 Carbonate Geochemistry 408 Carbonate in Natural Waters 413 Chlorine-36 and Very Old Groundwaters 416 Chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) 420 Coagulation and Flocculation 424 Conductivity-Electric 429 Conservation and the Water Cycle 433 Defluroidation 434 Deuterium 438 Distilled Water 441 Electricity as a Fluid 442 Analysis of Aqueous Solutions Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (esi ms) 443 Fenton's Reaction and Groundwater Remediation 445 Where Water Floats 448 Freshwater 449 Dissolved Gases 450 Hard Water 452 An Analysis of The Impact of Water on Health and Aging: Is All Water The Same? 455 Heavy Water 462 Henry's Law 466 Hofmeister Effects 468 Clathrate Hydrates 471 Hydration 475 The Mirage of The H2 Economy 477 Hydrogen Ion 480 The Hydronium Ion 482 Infiltration and Soil Moisture Processes 484 Ion Exchange and Inorganic Adsorption 490 Iron 496 Isotopes 499 Isotope Fractionation 500 Mariotte Bottle-Use in Hydrology 503 Mars Exploration Rover Mission 504 Removal of Organic Micropollutants and Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Activated Carbons 506 Molecular Network Dynamics 511 In Situ Chemical Monitoring 514 Nitrogen 517 Osmosis-Diffusion of Solvent or Caused by Diffusion of Solutes? 520 Partitioning and Bioavailability 521 Physical Properties 527 Environmental Photochemistry in Surface Waters 529 Isotope Exchange in Gas-Water Reactions 535 Radon in Water 541 Silica in Natural Waters 548 Sodium in Natural Waters 551 Soft Water 553 Solubility of Chemicals in Water 555 Solubility of Hydrocarbons in Salt Water 559 Solubility of Hydrocarbons and Sulfur Compounds in Water 561 Sorption Kinetics 564 Sound in Water 569 Water on the Space Station 572 Strontium Isotopes in Water and Rock 574 Technetium in Water 578 Water-Nature's Magician 583 Freezing and Supercooling of Water 585 Chemical Precipitation 586 Antimony in Aquatic Systems 589 Water Law and Economics The Clean Water Act 595 Clean Water Act, Water Quality Criteria/Standards, TMDLs, and Weight-of-Evidence Approach for Regulating Water Quality 598 The Constitution and Early Attempts at Rational Water Planning 604 Economic Value of Water: Estimation 605 Water Supply Planning-Federal 612 Flood Control Act of 1994 616 Great Lakes Governors' Agreement 617 U.S./Canadian Boundary Waters Treaty and the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement 620 Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative 621 Quantitative GroundWater Law 627 Islamic Water Law 634 Transboundary Waters in Latin America: Conflicts and Collaboration 636 United States-Mexico Border Waters: Conventions, Treaties, and Institutions 643 Negotiating between Authority and Polluters: An Approach to Managing Water Quality 647 Water Resource Organizations 648 A Brief History of the Water Pollution Control Act in the U.S. 651 The National Pollution Discharge Elimination System 655 Legal Protection for In-stream Flow 659 Water Quality 664 Interface between Federal Water Quality Regulation and State Allocation of Water Quantity 671 Regulatory Issues and Remediation: Risk, Costs, and Benefits 674 The Safe Drinking Water Act 676 Representing Geopolitics of (Hydro) Borders in South Asia 680 Water Transfers 685 Reserved Water Rights for Indian and Federal Lands 689 Wetlands Policy in the United States: From Drainage to Restoration 690 Water History, Art, and Culture Curious Uses of AgriculturalWater in the World 695 Water Between Arabs and Israelis: Researching Twice-Promised Resources 699 The Myth of Bad Cholesterol: Why Water Is A Better Cholesterol-Lowering Medication 701 Early Clocks 702 Water Clocks 704 Our Evolving Water Consciousness 707 Effective Water Education Strategies in a Nontraditional Setting 713 Evolution 715 History of Pond Fisheries in Poland 718 Water: The Key to Natural Health And Healing 722 Water in History 726 Hoover Dam History 732 Hydropsychology 733 Jacob's Well 735 Jaubert de Passa: The First World History of Irrigation in 1846 736 Benjamin Franklin: From Kite to Lightning Rod 741 Water and the History of Man 745 Water, Bacteria, Life on Mars, and Microbial Diversity 746 Canals in the Mekong Delta: A Historical Overview from 200 C.E. to the Present 748 Conflict and Water Use in the Middle East 753 Benjamin Franklin's Armonica: A Water Music Instrument 758 Water Transportation Occupations 762 A Concise Glimpse of Water in the History of Photography 766 Water as a Human Right 769 Ancient Water and Soil Conservation Ecosystems of Sri Lanka 772 Ben Franklin's Gulf Stream Weather and Swim Fins 780 Water Symbolism 785 Gordon and Franklin Rivers and the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area 788 The Mistake of Waiting to Get Thirsty 789 Water and Well-Being 791 Free Flowing Water: A Source of Wisdom 793 The Medicinal Properties of the Waters of Saratoga Springs 797 A History of Hawaiian Freshwater Resources 801 CONTENTS VOLUME 5 Preface ix Contributors xi Ground Water Acid Mine Drainage: Sources and Treatment in the United States 1 Aquifers 9 Artificial Recharge of Unconfined Aquifer 11 Groundwater and Arsenic: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 17 Treatment of Arsenic, Chromium, and Biofouling in Water Supply Wells 22 Artesian Water 29 Modeling Contaminant Transport and Biodegradation in Groundwater 30 Biofouling in Water Wells 35 In Situ Bioremediation of Contaminated Groundwater 38 Process Limitations of In Situ Bioremediation of Groundwater 42 Black Mesa Monitoring Program 48 Brine Deposits 51 Connate Water 54 Consolidated Water Bearing Rocks 55 Sensitivity of Groundwater to Contamination 56 Water Contamination by Low Level Organic Waste Compounds in the Hydrologic System 60 Darcy's Law 63 Groundwater Dating with Radiocarbon 64 Groundwater Dating with H-He 65 Dating Groundwaters with Tritium 69 Recharge in Desert Regions Around The World 72 Hydrologic Feasibility Assessment and Design in Phytoremediation 76 Well Design and Construction 87 Physical Properties of DNAPLs and Groundwater Contamination 91 Water Dowsing (Witching) 92 Subsurface Drainage 94 Drawdown 101 Water Level Drawdown 102 Water Well Drilling Techniques 105 Groundwater Dye Tracing in Karst 107 Earthquakes-Rattling the Earth's Plumbing System 111 In Situ Electrokinetic Treatment of MtBE, Benzene, and Chlorinated Solvents 116 Field Capacity 124 Groundwater Flow Properties 128 Fluoride Contamination in Ground Water 130 Rock Fracture 136 Geochemical Models 138 Geochemical Modeling-Computer Codes 140 Geochemical Modeling-Computer Code Concepts 142 Geological Occurrence of Groundwater 145 Geophysics and Remote Sensing 145 Geothermal Water 156 Ghijben-Herzberg Equilibrium 158 Groundwater Balance 162 Hydraulic Head 169 The Role of Heat in Groundwater Systems 172 Groundwater Flow in Heterogenetic Sediments and Fractured Rock Systems 175 Horizontal Wells 177 Horizontal Wells in Groundwater Remediation 178 Head 180 Well Hydraulics and Aquifer Tests 182 Hydraulic Properties Characterization 184 Mobility of Humic Substances in Groundwater 188 Assessment of Groundwater Quality in District Hardwar, Uttaranchal, India 192 Irrigation Water Quality in District Hardwar, Uttaranchal, India 204 Infiltration and Soil Water Processes 210 Infiltration/Capacity/Rates 212 Infiltrometers 214 Summary of Isotopes in Contaminant Hydrogeology 216 Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology 227 Water-Jetting Drilling Technologies for Well Installation And In Situ Remediation of Hydrocarbons, Solvents, and Metals 234 Karst Hydrology 235 Karst Topography 243 Detecting Modern Groundwaters with 85Kr 248 Land Use Impacts on Groundwater Quality 250 Groundwater Contamination From Municipal Landfills in the USA 253 Metal Organic Interactions in Subtitle D Landfill Leachates and Associated Ground Waters 258 Leaching 260 Well Maintenance 263 Megawatersheds 266 Mass Transport in Saturated Media 273 Soil and Water Contamination by Heavy Metals 275 Source, Mobility, and Remediation of Metals 280 Genetics of Metal Tolerance and Accumulation in Higher Plants 284 In Situ Groundwater Remediation for Heavy Metal Contamination 290 Methane in Groundwater 293 Fossil Aquifers 294 What is a Hydrochemical Model? 295 Modeling Non-Point Source Pollutants in the Vadose Zone Using GIS 299 Modeling Techniques for Solute Transport in Groundwater 305 Ambient Groundwater Monitoring Network Strategies and Design 313 MtBE 318 Limiting Geochemical Factors in Remediation Using Monitored Natural Attenuation and Enhanced Bioremediation 319 Nitrate Contamination of Groundwater 322 Treatment for Nitrates in Groundwater 323 Nonpoint Sources 331 Organic Compounds in Ground Water 337 Overdraft 340 Chemical Oxidation Technologies for Groundwater Remediation 344 Particulate Transport in Groundwater-Bacteria and Colloids 349 Perched Groundwater 352 Permeability 355 Groundwater Vulnerability to Pesticides: An Overview of Approaches and Methods of Evaluation 357 High pH Groundwater-The Effect of The Dissolution of Hardened Cement Pastes 362 Phytoextraction and Phytostabilization: Technical, Economic and Regulatory Considerations of the Soil-Lead Issue 365 Phytoextraction of Zinc and Cadmium from Soils Using Hyperaccumulator Plants 369 Phytoremediation Enhancement of Natural Attenuation Processes 374 Bacteria Role in the Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals 376 Phytoremediation of Lead-Contaminated Soils 381 Phytoremediation of Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether 385 Phytoremediation of Selenium-Laden Soils 397 Soil Pipes and Pipe Flow 401 Low Flow Groundwater Purging and Surging 404 Groundwater Quality 406 Radial Wells 407 Recharge in Arid Regions 408 Sub-Surface Redox Chemistry: A Comparison of Equilibrium and Reaction-Based Approaches 413 Regional Flow Systems 417 Groundwater Remediation by Injection and Problem Prevention 421 Groundwater Remediation: In Situ Passive Methods 423 Groundwater Remediation by In Situ Aeration and Volatilization 426 Remediation of Contaminated Soils 432 Groundwater Remediation Project Life Cycle 436 Innovative Contaminated Groundwater Remediation Technologies 438 Resistivity Methods 443 Risk Analysis of Buried Wastes From Electricity Generation 448 Groundwater Contamination from Runoff 451 Saline Seep 453 Groundwater Sampling Techniques for Environmental Projects 454 Groundwater Sampling with Passive Diffusion Samplers 456 Specific Capacity 460 Soil Water 461 Soil and Groundwater Geochemistry and Microbiology 463 Characterizing Soil Spatial Variability 465 Deep Soil-Water Movement 471 Specific Gravity 473 Hot Springs 475 Squeezing Water from Rock 477 Storage Coefficient 480 Qanats: An Ingenious Sustainable Groundwater Resource System 483 Lysimeters 487 Steady-State Flow Aquifer Tests 491 Tidal Efficiency 497 Combined Free and Porous Flow in the Subsurface 498 Groundwater Tracing 501 Hydraulic Conductivity/Transmissibility 507 Groundwater Flow and Transport Process 514 Reactive Transport in The Saturated Zone: Case Histories for Permeable Reactive Barriers 518 Transport of Reactive Solute in Soil and Groundwater 524 Water in The Unsaturated Zone 531 Groundwater and Vadose Zone Hydrology 533 Vadose Zone Monitoring Techniques 538 Vapor Transport in the Unsaturated Zone 543 Applications of Soil Vapor Data to Groundwater Investigations 548 Groundwater Velocities 554 Viscous Flow 555 Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources 561 Water/Rocks Interaction 566 Ground Water: Wells 571 Well Screens 572 Well TEST 574 Safe Yield of an Aquifer 575 Specific Yield Storage Equation 576 Microbial Processes Affecting Monitored Natural Attenuation of Contaminants in the Subsurface 578 Groundwater Vulnerability to Pesticides: Statistical Approaches 594 Groundwater-Nature's Hidden Treasure 599 Pharmaceuticals, Hormones, and Other Organic Wastewater Contaminants in U.S. Streams 605 The Environmental Impact of Iron in Groundwater 608 Groundwater and Cobalt: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 610 Groundwater and Cadmium: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 613 Groundwater Modeling 619 Groundwater and Benzene: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 626 Groundwater and Nitrate: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 628 Groundwater and Perchlorate: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 631 Groundwater and Vinyl Chloride: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 634 Groundwater and Uranium: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 640 Groundwater and Mercury: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 642 Groundwater and Lead: Chemical Behavior and Treatment 645 Laminar Flow 649 Finite Element Modeling of Coupled Free and Porous Flow 655 Unconfined Groundwater 662 Modeling of DNAPL Migration in Saturated Porous Media 668 The Use of Semipermeable Membrane Devices (SPMDs) for Monitoring, Exposure, and Toxicity Assessment 672 River-Connected Aquifers: Geophysics, Stratigraphy, Hydrogeology, and Geochemistry 677 Volume Index 689
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Water-supply.
Water quality.
Water resources development.