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1. A Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial of a Cognitive Remediation Program for Childhood Survivors of a Pediatric Malignancy (EJ798547)
Author(s):
Butler, Robert W.; Copeland, Donna R.; Fairclough, Diane L.; Mulhern, Raymond K.; Katz, Ernest R.; Kazak, Anne E.; Noll, Robert B.; Patel, Sunita K.; Sahler, Olle Jane Z.
Source:
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, v76 n3 p367-378 Jun 2008
Pub Date:
2008-06-00
Pub Type(s):
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Intervention; Injuries; Academic Achievement; Cancer; Pediatrics; Children; Anatomy; Effect Size; Brain; Remedial Instruction; Achievement Tests; Cognitive Tests; Rehabilitation; Attention Deficit Disorders; Evaluation Methods
Abstract: Survivors of childhood cancer whose malignancy and/or treatment involved the central nervous system may demonstrate a consistent pattern of neurocognitive deficits. The present study evaluated a randomized clinical trial of the Cognitive Remediation Program (CRP). Participants were 6- to 17-year-old survivors of childhood cancer (N = 161; 35% female, 18% Hispanic, 10% African American, 64% Caucasian, 8% other) who were at least 1 year off treatment and who manifested an attentional deficit. They were enrolled at 7 sites nationwide. Two thirds of the participants were randomly assigned to cognitive remediation. All participants were assessed using a battery of academic achievement/neurocognitive tests and parent/teacher measures of attention. The CRP resulted in parent report of improved attention and statistically significant increases in academic achievement. Effect sizes were modest but were comparable with those for other clinical trials of brain injury rehabilitation and for psychological interventions in general. The CRP is presented as a potentially beneficial treatment for many survivors of pediatric cancer. Long-term clinical significance remains unproven. Further work is needed to improve effect sizes and treatment compliance and to address the needs of other populations with pediatric brain injury. (Contains 1 figure and 4 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. Understanding Distributions by Modeling Them (EJ785421)
Konold, Cliff; Harradine, Anthony; Kazak, Sibel
International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning, v12 n3 p217-230 Dec 2007
2007-12-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Middle School Students; Computer Software; Statistical Inference; Statistical Distributions; Secondary School Mathematics; Error of Measurement; Computer Assisted Instruction; Mathematical Models; Body Height
Abstract: In current curriculum materials for middle school students in the US, data and chance are considered as separate topics. They are then ideally brought together in the minds of high school or university students when they learn about statistical inference. In recent studies we have been attempting to build connections between data and chance in the middle school by using a modeling approach made possible by new software capabilities that will be part of "TinkerPlots 2.0" ("TinkerPlots" is published by "Key Curriculum Press" and has been developed with grants from the National Science Foundation (ESI-9818946, REC-0337675, ESI-0454754). Opinions expressed here are our own and not necessarily those of the Foundation.). Using a new Sampler object, students build "factories" to model not only prototypical chance events, but also distributions of measurement errors and of heights of people. We provide the rationale for having students model a wide range of phenomena using a single software tool and describe how we are using this capability to help young students develop a robust, statistical perspective. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
3. Pre-Linguistic Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Adapted for Older Individuals with Severe to Profound Mental Retardation: A Pilot Study (EJ735688)
Berument, Sibel Kazak; Starr, Elizabeth; Pickles, Andrew; Tomlins, Megan; Papanikolauou, Katerina; Lord, Catherine; Rutter, Michael
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v35 n6 p821-829 Dec 2005
2005-12-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Older Adults; Severe Mental Retardation; Pilot Projects; Language Skills; Clinical Diagnosis; Autism; Interpersonal Relationship; Play; Interpersonal Communication; Reliability; Validity; Measures (Individuals)
Abstract: The Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule (ADOS) is a semi-structured observational scale developed to assess social interaction, communication and play in individuals who are suspected to have autism. Since the ADOS is not suitable to be used with severely or profoundly mentally retarded adolescents and adults with very limited language skills, materials and some of the tasks of the PL-ADOS and the original ADOS (the former versions of the current ADOS) were adapted. Results indicated that almost all of the overall ratings showed good reliability and discriminative diagnostic validity. Furthermore, the combination of codings into an overall algorithm score on social/communicative behavior resulted in a sensitivity of 0.82 and a specificity of 0.85 when using a cut-off score of 15. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
4. Brief Report: Autism in Individuals with Down Syndrome (EJ735677)
Starr, Elizabeth M.; Berument, Sibel Kazak; Tomlins, Megan; Papanikolaou, Katerina; Rutter, Michael
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v35 n5 p665-673 Oct 2005
2005-10-00
Descriptors: Autism; Down Syndrome; Intelligence Quotient; Reliability; Validity; Diagnostic Tests; Measures (Individuals); Evaluation Criteria; Evaluation Methods
Abstract: As an off-shoot of a study examining the reliability and validity of an adapted version of the Pre-Linguistic Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (A-PL-ADOS), 13 individuals with Down syndrome with IQs ranging between 24 and 48 were administered the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the A-PL-ADOS, which are well-validated interview and observational diagnostic measures. Three out of 13 met lifetime criteria on the ADI-R, but none of these three showed behavior that met the criterion for autism on the A-PL-ADOS (although two nearly did so). However, two individuals did meet the A-PL-ADOS criterion and showed behavior that fell only just short of meeting lifetime criteria on the ADI-R. Altogether, 5 individuals with Down syndrome may be considered to show an autism spectrum disorder. Of the remaining 8, some showed a few autistic features, and some showed none. The findings raise both methodological and conceptual issues. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
5. A Family Genetic Study of Autism Associated with Profound Mental Retardation. (EJ645107)
Starr, Elizabeth; Berument, Sibel Kazak; Pickles, Andrew; Tomlins, Megan; Bailey, Anthony; Papanikolaou, Katerina; Rutter, Michael
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v31 n1 p89-96 Feb 2001
2001-00-00
N/A
Descriptors: Autism; Children; Family Characteristics; Family History; Family Influence; Genetics; Heredity; Incidence; Multiple Disabilities; Predictor Variables; Severe Mental Retardation
Abstract: A study involving 47 families of individuals (ages 4-34) with autism and severe mental retardation found the familial loading for autism and for the broader phenotype was closely comparable to that in a study of children with higher IQ autism, and different from that for children with Down syndrome. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)
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6. The Official National Language and Language Attitudes of Three Ethnic Minority Groups in China. (EJ599479)
Zhou, Minglang
Language Problems and Language Planning, v23 n2 p157-74 Sum 1999
1999-00-00
Descriptors: College Students; Ethnic Groups; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Language Attitudes; Language Minorities; Language Planning; Language Usage; Learning Motivation; Mandarin Chinese; Official Languages; Public Policy; Second Language Learning
Abstract: Uses an attitude/motivation battery and matched-guise procedure to examine Kazak, Uygur, and Yi subject's ratings of Putonghua (PTH) and Chinese ethnic minority nationality (EMN) languages and 12 variables in PTH learning. Shows among other things that integrative orientation of Beijing people are the best predictors of EMN's instrumental orientation, intensity, and desire for learning and using PTH. (Author/VWL) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
7. Issues in Post-Soviet Secondary School Reform: The Case of Kazakstan. (ED403104)
DeYoung, Alan J.; Balzhan, Suzhikova
1996-00-00
Information Analyses; Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Administrative Problems; Colonialism; Economic Change; Educational Change; Educational History; Equal Education; Financial Problems; Foreign Countries; Politics of Education; Rural Urban Differences; Secondary Education; Social Stratification
Abstract: The Republic of Kazakstan--the world's ninth largest country--is one of five central Asian nations created in 1991 upon the demise of the former Soviet Union. Never a separate political state in the past, Kazakstan now faces a myriad of curricular and educational organization problems related to contemporary economic and political developments, as well as to its particular history and culture. Ethnic Kazaks are trying to construct a national identity and sense of history for ideological and political socialization purposes. At the same time, however, their hoped-for "transition to a market economy" has the nation in a severe fiscal tailspin. This essay reviews Kazakstan's political and economic dynamics, effects on secondary education, and the emerging role of secondary education in social stratification. Following a description of Kazakstan's colonial legacy and the structure of schooling under Soviet control, educational reform movements of the late 1980s are described. These reform efforts have been disrupted by severe economic crisis and other factors, including the need for new curricular materials and teacher training; absence of experience in educational planning and administration; lack of computers, textbooks, and other resources; and lack of fluent speakers of the Kazak language. The new market economy has brought poverty and its attendant problems with it. Rural schools (80 percent of total) are particularly disadvantaged. Corruption and bribery are widespread, guaranteeing success in secondary school and admission to higher education; wealthier parents send their children to private schools; and no government policies address educational inequalities. At higher levels, political leaders are allowing schools to deteriorate, seemingly as a concession to private sector development. Contains references. (Author/SV) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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8. Young Adult Children of Alcoholic Fathers: Depressive Experiences, Coping Styles, and Family Systems. (EJ451080)
Jarmas, Audre L.; Kazak, Anne E.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, v60 n2 p244-51 Apr 1992
1992-00-00
Descriptors: Adult Children; Alcoholism; College Students; Depression (Psychology); Fathers; Higher Education; Parent Child Relationship; Student Attitudes
Abstract: Surveyed college students with (n=84) and without (n=123) alcoholic fathers regarding their perceptions of their families, depressive experiences, and coping styles within developmental model of depression that focuses on object representations. Subjects with alcoholic fathers exhibited greater introjective depression but no increase in anaclitic depression. Subjects with alcoholic fathers also relied more on aggressive defenses. (Author/NB) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
9. Family Functioning in Families with Older Institutionalized Retarded Offspring. (EJ405287)
Kazak, Anne E.
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v19 n4 p501-09 Dec 1989
1989-00-00
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment); Comparative Analysis; Family Characteristics; Family Relationship; Group Unity; Institutionalized Persons; Marital Satisfaction; Mental Retardation; Young Adults; Youth
Abstract: Psychological distress, marital satisfaction, family adaptability, and cohesion are explored in 41 families with mentally retarded (MR) institutionalized youth and 38 comparison families. Multivariate analyses found no differences between groups, but univariate analyses revealed greater cohesion in families with MR offspring and stressed the importance of adaptability in understanding family functioning. (Author/PB) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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10. Families of Chronically Ill Children: A Systems and Social-Ecological Model of Adaptation and Challenge. (EJ404829)
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, v57 n1 p25-30 Feb 1989
Journal Articles; Reports - General
Descriptors: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; Adjustment (to Environment); Children; Chronic Illness; Coping; Ecological Factors; Family Problems; Stress Variables; Systems Approach
Abstract: Presents family systems model for understanding adaptation and coping in childhood chronic illness. Provides overview of systems and social-ecological theories relevant to this population. Reviews literature on stress and coping in these families. Examines unique issues and discusses importance of these models for responding to families with children with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. (Author/NB) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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