598 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. APRIL, 1913 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA FOR APRIL, 1913. DISTRICT NO. 8, TEXAS AND RIO GRANDE VALLEY. B. BUNNEMEYER, District Editor. GENERAL SUMMARY. April added largely t,o t,he temperature deficiency that hacl accumulated during the preceding four months, both mean and extreme temperatures being well below the normal. Warm days and abnornially cool nights were the rule during nearly the entire mont>h. The injurious effect of the cool nights on vegetation was intensified by excessive sunshine and low relative humidity; aiid a t the close of the month the staple crops were below the aver- age in growth and stand. Precipitation averaged above the normal iu the western portion of the district and below the normal in Texas, except in ortions of Newton, Jasper, Sabine, Tyler, Hardin, an CQ Orange Counties, where excessive rains on the 23d-24th caused great damage, of which a special report appears elsewhere in this summary. The weather was unsettled during tjhe first, decade, with local rains on several clat,es, but the amount,s were light., excep t in the northeas t,erii portion of Texas. -4t the end of the second dec,ade c.ontlit,ions lind become droughty, as t,here was pra.ctically no precipita- tion during .this period, and evaporat8ion wns increased by nearly cloudless clays with dry i~ortherly winds. Heavy and geuerd rains occurred on the 23tl-24trh, which gave abundant soil moisture, exce ,t in extreme south Texas and in the lower Rio Grnnde 4 alley, where more iiioisture was needed. The average snowfa.11 for the month was below the normal? nlt,hough for thc wint.er season it aver- aged above t)he normiil. The hetivies t amount reported was 26 inches a t Anc.hor Mine, N. Mes. Precipitation was of less than the usual frequency, the average number of days with 0.01 inch or more being 4 in Colorado and New Mexico and 3 in Texas. The monthly amounts of recipitation ranged in Colorado from 0.47 Mexico from a trace a t Bluewater and Laguna to 2.56 inches a t Fort Sumner; and in Tesas from none a t Encinal to 6.81 inches a t San Augustine. Amouiits of 2.50 inches or more in 34 consecutive hours were reported from 3 stations in Texas, the heaviest being 3.21 inches a t Marshall on the 9th. inch at, Cum B res to 1.40 inches a t La Veta Pass: in New TEMPERATURE. The temperature deficiency averaged 0.2 O in Colorado, 1 .5 O in New Mexico, and 1.6' in Texas. It was least in the northern portion of t,he district and greatest along the Tesas coast'. Well-defined periods of cool weather occurred from the 6th to 13th and from the 24th to 36th. The former gave freezing tenipern.tures throughout the northwestern half of the district. and the latter killing frosts nearly to t,he southern border of New Mexico. The warmest da s of the nioiit,h occurred generally froiii the 16th to 1St,l, alt,hougli high day teni~~crat~ures were also recorded on t,he 1st nnd from the 3St,h to 30th. The average daily range of t eniperat,ure was large, varying from 10' on the Texas coa.st, to 40' in portions of New Mcxico. The highest and lowest temperatures reported were, respectively, in Colorado 75' a t Saguache on the 28th, aiid -3' a t Hermit on the 9th: in New Mexico 92' a t Carlsbad on the 1st and lSth, a t Artesia on the 16th, and a t Bonz on the 17th, and 1' a t Red River Canyon on the 24t.h; and in Texas 100" a t Graham on the 17th and a t Fort McIntosh on the Xd, and 24' a t Mount Blanco on the 11th. The local monthly means ranged from 31.1' to 44..5' in Colorado, from 39.4' to 62.5' in New Mexico, and from 57.3' to 79.3' in Texas. PRECIPITATION. The average monthly precipitation for the Rio Grande watershed was 033 inch, which is 0.10 inch less than nor- mal. In the Colorado and New Mexico portions of the watershed the timounts averaged above the normal, although there were deficiencies in scattered localities. In the Texas portion there was a general and pronounced deficiency. Good excesses of precipitation occurred throughout the rLio Pecos watershed. and the average for the month was 1.33 inches, or nearly double the normal amount. The Texas watersheds received less than the normal amount of precipitation, except the Neches, which had an excess of 0.19 inch. The deficiencies ranged from 0.30 uich for the Sabine drainage basin to 3.14 inches for that of the Snn Antonio. The following are the monthly amounts, in inches nnd hundredths, for the various water- sheds: Nueces, 0.96; San Antonio, 0.S9; Guadalupe, 1.M; Lavaca, 2.31; Colorado, 1.69; Brazos, 2.23; Trinity, 2.57; Neches, 4.46; Sabine, 3.83; and coastal plains, 1.6s. RIVER CONDITIONS. The streams of the district hacl less than the normal flow, although sharp riqes occurred in the three eastern streams. The Brazos nnd streams to the westward had no rises of coiisequeiice during the month, while the stages of the Guaclalupe were the lowest of record for April. Heavy rains in northenst Texas 011 the 8th-9th gave good flows in thc Trinity, Neches, aiid Sabine dur- ing the first half of the second decade. Torrential rains on the 23d-24th centered over Newton and Jasper Counties in the southenstein portion of Texas between the Neclies aiid Snhine, rixpidly flooded creeks arid small strrains m d all lo~~~lit~ids in that section, nnd caused dam- ngcs cstiniatetl at over $1,113,000. The run-off raised the lower portions of the Ncchcs am1 Sabirie nearly to flood stngr. A TORREVTIAL DOWNPOVR OF RAIN I N SOUTHEAST TEXAS. On April ?:<-2 4 osc wsiv,,lv h1.n VJ- rnius wprc rq)!)rt .cl f 1-0 ni Newt ( )ii :I 11 t 1 Jn.;l> VF CC mi 11 t i. hs n 11 d fro in at lj t ) 1 ti i 11 g portioiis of Snhinr, T y l ~r , Hnrcliii, and Or:iiiq> C'ountiw. aiicl til1 luwlniitls in this region were flooded. L4ppar- ently the center of the clownpour was over Newton APRIL, 1913. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. 599 Count , which borders on the Sabine River, and suffered in that section, it is impossible to give the amounts of precipitation; but that the downpour was torrential is evident from the havoc wrought. From in uiries made lected in tubs, barrels, and other receptacles were vnr- iously estimated at from 5 to 36 inches. At Newton, the county seat of Newton County, the total amount given was 36 inches. This seems largely overestimated, but as the amounts given were decreasmg radially from this point it appears to have been in the center of the deluge. The nearest rainfall stations surrounding the flooded area report the followin amounts for the 23d-24th: San Augustine, 2.06; Lufkin, 1.07; Rocldand, 3.55; Carmonn, 1.98; Liberty, 3.29; and Beaumont, 2.43 inches. The flooded area is traversed b numerous small streams The land is level in tlie south and becomes rolling and hilly in the north and forms part of the timber district of Tesas. The damnge from the rains affected all industries. Fnrm lands were badly washed and had to be replanted and some were entirely ruined for the season, buildings aiicl fences and numerous bridges were swept away, electric wires were prostrated, and traffic was interrupted. Many iiiiles of railroad tracks were under water and badly claniagcd or washed away, and lumber ndls had to sus- pend operations. The rains began on the evening of Apiil 23 and before midnight small streams arid crcelrs were overflowing and all low places flooded. Two negro children perished in the flood and a large number of horses, cflttle, niid pigs were drowned. So far as reported the aggregate loss is estimated a t $1,143,000, dlstribiited as follows: Sabine County, $5,000; Newton County, $1,005,000; Jasper Count-, $103,000; and Hardin County, $30,000. The loss is probably much greater, as the damawe extended into other counties, and a hrge number 07 correspondents, while conceding heavy damage, did not venture to give an estimate. The ruins occurred in the southeastern quadrant of a general barometric depression that extended across the United States from the Rio Grande to Rfnnitoba the morning of April 23 and gave general rains in Texas and the western cotton belt. most r rom the floods. As this service has no rain gages at 60 or more post offices the total depths o 9 rainfall col- and creeks drnining into the P? eches or Stibine Rivers. EFFECT OF DUST ON THE MELTING OF SNOW. By HARRIS A. JONES, Observer, Wagon Wheel Gap, Colo. Duiing the night of March 18-19, 1913, there was a fall of 0.6 inch of snow a t this station, but not proverbially pure, as there was much dust mixed with it. A 2-quart pan packed full of snow showed, after the snow had melted and the dust precipitated, about an eighth of an inch of sediment on the bottom of the pan. From the recorded direction of the wind it was evident that the dust had come across the Continental Divide from the desert plains of New Mexico. The storm continued for several days, without further deposit of dust, however, and the total depth of snowfall measured 8.9 inches. At the end of the storm the dust layer was about 6 inches 95111-13-7 beneath the surface. This dust blanket very effectively inte.rcepted insolation, whkh spends itself not a t the sur- face but pierces into tlie snow, decreasing in intensity with the uicrease of depth. Within two or three days after the st,orni? the upper layers of snow had melted and the dust blanket was ex osed a t the surface, and all fresh snow that, fell since nie P ted quickly into the lower layers and kept the dust, xrsistently a t the surface. No effect was fe i t on our streanis from surface run-off, as rtut,oniiEtic.ally recorded in our experimental work, until near t,he end of the month. The melting had had the effect mainly of increa.sing t,he density of the lower layers of snow: At t,he close of the mont>h, however, it was evident, that the melting season was near1 a month in t,eni eraturos were below the seasonal average; and much of t&s advance is att,rihuted to the presence of the dust blanke t,. advance of t,he normal, despite the fact t L a t the mean CLOUD-SHADOW PROJECTION. By HOWARD H. MARTIN, Asiistant Observer, Fort Worth, Tex. A peculiar nnd most interesting observation of the ro- ject,ion of c,loud shadows was made at Fort Worth, &x., on tbe, eveniii of April S, 1913. The. phenomenon con- sisted essenti, 3 ly of a distinct and vivid shadow of an unseen roniiiience of cloud, projected over the main body of whic$)i it, was a part, and screened upon a patch of clear skv a t about 35’ alt,itude. ’ The dav had been generally cloudy and sultry, with occasiond traces of >recipitation. During t’he mornin t’he higher clouds ha d moved steadily from the south an sout,hmest,, but t,he assage of a dry thunderstorm in the clouds moved from the southeast during the morning hours, changing to southwest and west by night. At, 6.30 p. m., local t h e , a great bank of cumulo- niiiihus preseiit,ed it,self in the western sky directly in the path of the sun. The top of this mass was of the usual “steam c~luiiiii” or t,liunderhead type, and to t’he south- ward dense st,reaks of fdling rain were to be seen: To the eastward lay a greater bank of alto-stratus, and this, together with the western cloud, formed an admirable backgrouiid for the phenomenon in the clear spot over- he ad. As the sun sank lower behind the cloud a shadow ti , surr0unde.d by a faint penumbra, forced ita way into t f e clear sky. At t,he moment of mnximum intensity the ghostly shadow reared fully 15’ above the arent cloud, was ti faint “glory,” daintily and lightly colored. henomenon was comparatively the cloud bank greatly diminished in size, but the streaks of falling rain had become more intensified and were now accompanied by a.n occasional flash of zigzag liehtnin . The sun set cloudy, sinking out of the cumdo-nimfus bank into a lower bank of dt>o-stratus. The henomenon and co ious precipitation. Although such phenomena are pro % ably not rare, yFt circumstances favorable to their observation are sufficiently so to render them worthy of note. 2 aft,ernoon changed t i e directmion to southeast. The lower a sight not to be forgotten. Surrounding t K e penumbra short. By 6.45 p. in. t R e shadow had disappeared and was followed within about two hours by a t E understorm The duration of this 600 >. *a >e > h g !: '5 5' 9b 9 7 4 6' 2 14 1 6 3 4 2 ... 4 5 4 0 4 4 0 4 0 5 5 4 6 4 2 5 1 4 3 2 6 1 3 1 3 12 3 4 9 - ... 0 u 3 5 2 4 4 6 1 5 3 4 3 4 5 10 6 1 2 4 4 3 a 7 2 0 11 3 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. TABLE 1.-Climatological data for April, 1918. District No. 8. Texas mid RW Grcotde Vallev. *a .I . B g .s e tm :P I -__ w. sw. nw. w. sw. w. nw. sw. n. ...... sw. sw. w. w. w. ......... ......... se. ...... w. ......... nw. se. sw. w. sw. SW. sw. nw. sw. sw. w. se. ........ ..... s. w. sw. s. w. 9. w. sw. se. se. se. sw. w. sw. sw. sw. w. sw. s. sw. w. ......... e. ...... sw. e. e. se. sw. e. w. ......... w. ......... sw. w. sw. w. 8. ......... nw. e. nw. sw. w. ......... s\v. S SV APRIL, 1913 Garnett.. .............. Hermit ................. La Veta Pass ........... Manassa.. ............. - i a ' k 'E I f I .E !c j: 5 - 'C ~ 3 4 3 5 2 4 7 4 5 6 3 3 3 2 2 3 1 7 6 3 0 3 2 2 3 7 3 3 3 2 .. 1 .. 2 3 5 3 3 3 2 8 2 8 2 5 5 5 0 4 4 1 4 3 3 4 4 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 5 3 3 4 3 6 3 b 6 4 2 6 3 5 7 7 2 3 7 1 5 2 7 4 8 'J .. .. Costfils ............ 7,576 Hinsdale.. ........ 9.843 Costilla ............ 9,ooO Conejos ........... 7,700 - i - E 8 2 4 A - 4 6 a 6 3 7 6 21 22 14 52 16 4 3 37 4 2 5 4 4 2 11 4 4 18 5 1 15 11 4 4 4 4 4 4 15 8 36 5 4 6 3 4 4 3 3 8 8 8 1 14 26 24 8 2 8 4 11 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 6 19 23 2 8 19 16 16 40 3 12 1 21 4 3 18 4 4 4 3 4 10 4 3 4 3 1 17 ... ... Platoro.. ................... Sagusche ............... San Luis.. ............. Wagon Wheel Gap Ex- periment station. New Maico. a"..,"..,& ..-. 1 O..,,""" Temperature, in degees Fahrenheit. .do.. .......... 7.675 Saguache .......... 7,740 Costilla ............ 7,794 Mined.. ......... 9,235 TI...." I.." 1 ee9 Precipitnt.ion, iu inches. n IIc-UIbuLIII VUUG G ALmogordo (near?.: 1:: Alamogordo.. .............. Alamas Ranch.. ....... Albuquerque ........... Ancho.. ............... Anchor Mine.. ......... Artes ia... .............. -4spen Grove Ranch .... Bataman's Ranch.. ........ Berino. ................ Bluewater .............. Boar ................... Capitan.. .............. Carlsbad. .............. CarrIeOeo ............... Cerrlllos (near). ........ Chsma ................. Cloudcroft .............. Corona. ................ Coyote.. ................... Cundiyo.. ............. Demonstration Farm ... D u m .. ............... Sky. g -a uuun nun ......... Otero.. ........... .do. ........... Sandoval. ........ Bernalillo ......... Lincoln. .......... Taos. ............. Eddy.. ........... Rio Arriba.. ...... .do. ........... Dona Ana ......... Valencia .......... Chaves ............ Lincoln .... .,.. ... Eddy ............. Lincoln ........... Santa Fe .......... Rio Arriba ........ Otero ............. Lincoln ........... .do. ........... Santa Fe .......... San Miguel.. ...... Torrance .......... - - z . q b 5 + - 7.0 4.0 5.5 11.0 20.0 8.1 9.0 a. 9 9.0 .... 0 0 0 0 0 !6.0 0 7.6 8.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0 6.0 2. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO. 0 2.0 19.7 0 0 T. 0 0 0 0 0 0 U (I 10.0 0 T. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 T. E. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ' : .( 5 -. ti 3 1.5 1 5 5 0 3 1 4 In 11 3 1 11 1p A 4 12 6 (I 3 3 0 4 9 5 4 1 1 9 13 4 v b: 6 11 s 6 5 I5 r: 5 4 1 S 3 9 8 9 8 2 6 3 6 2 4 2 4 - Z i 2; 9: z: 0 : LI- r, . m ; :r - 5 2 1 3 5 5 3 \ 2 4 1 u 3 5 !l 3 0 1 !I 3 1 3 < 1 ... ... 1 2 3 B 1 2 s 12 4 o s 11 3 1 1 3 0 5 6 2 4 ... 1 li; 5 I 1 *i 1 1 1 1 1' 10 0 5 Y 6 2 1 12 11 12 11 6' 0 2 10 8 0 4 0 4 5 0 0 1 .. i n ... ... ... ... ... ... Observers. 19 11 12 1. n: n. 2; IJ. 9 (I. Y! 2. Ill 2.5% 1.6: 1.61 1. ?! 1. ti! 1. 1: 0.3( 2. li 0. 1; 0. 9: (I. s: 1. UI 1. ;I I). Yt 1.61 1. 0; 1. ;I 0.3; 0. I;! 0. 32 IJ. S* 11. 65 1. IJe 1 .x I). \;t 1. s2 2. 2: n. 4 i i.n> 64.4 59. 8 io. ? 0.0 - 4.2 -7 . S. Westher Bureau. V. L. Bartholomew. 1. hl. Boerum. H. B. Cowles. Uvin Japanese Nursery. Lone Star Canal. Paul Rudol h Bryant L i d Co. 4. Deusspti. E. hl. Euhank. F. P. Ingerson. E. C. Quereau. rohu Bender. L. E. Dickey. E. Reagan. 1. C. Crist. F. W. Schweppe. r. R . Booth. ..riig Anderson. 'rof. J. 0. Wallnee. Trs. M. 4. Stevens. iobt. E. Bo ett firs. B. F. sL~. Inud St.range. . H. Ritter. J. S. Weather Bureau. drs. Pfnrl Smith. R. H. Denis. . E. Watts. 6. S. Spitler. 4. E. Cook. Vm. L3ni11S. t. $1. Jones. . E . Stevens. 'ref. G. S. %raps. 1. &.I. Webb. 41% Sophie Bridge. t. V. Nabers. J. S. Weather Bureau. >. H. Winn. Iolland Agriculturnl Go. L. If. Rencher. f. R. Frobese. r . 4. Eisenlohr. I. P. He.rn?onsen. J. S. Weather Bureau. 6. 4 . Keller. ohm W. Miller. no. 0. Shafer. . L'. Etlcar. 'harles 'hrver. f. -4. Clap . M. B. McKnighL. 13 ............ 71.0 - 0.3 69.3 - 4.4 63.0 - 2.3 67.0 ....... 63.5 ....... ,0.1 ....... s.2 ....... anies A. Beard. t. L. Fairas. 7 . S. Weat.her Bureau. Yelter Pettit.. V. A. Gardener. ked W. Laus. p. (' C. Carter. 'ost. Hospital. !. H. Bird. p. (' C. Carter. 'ost. Hospital. !. H. Bird. I). 411 1 .X 63.6 tr4. i 67.2 ....... + 0.9 - 1.5 2.45 1 . ....... 1.51) . D. Brown: . L. Hickson. J. S. Weather Bureau. . W. Ctumineham. ............ 54.2 ....... 63.4 - 3.0 li 2 0 6h s. 4 ..... 2 s. 4k s. R s. s s. 3 se. 2 s. 7 s. 4 ..... 9 s. 5 se. 6 sa. 2 se. 3 9. u s ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .. I..:... L. L. Gaines. nhn Gorham. . W. Johnson. CT. A. White. 3s. Kirk. 1. J. Crowley. [E. L. A. Regan. lr. J . E . Lay. r. S. Carruthers. ,idsay Waters. hristian Fritz. '. D. Sanders. tenry Edds. H. Hancock. 1. Kangerga. H. Earle. ihn A. Eakins. i . Q Escott. [. E. Eaass. . 9. Weather Bureau. 7. Y. Barr. Tichita V e e y R. R. Co. arle Adklsson. idge John 8. Dust. ...__I ....... ii.0k + 1.5 h5.2 + 1.3 66.4 - 3.9 ..... 1 .... 602 2 16 16t 15 1tit at 16 16 17t 16 17 16 17 16 li 16 1 16 17 aw 2t 17 3 9 2 l t 16t 16 28 16 17t 9 16 16 1 16t 1;t :;t 1Gt 16t 1 R 16t 1s 2 ? 17 17 J MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. TABLE l.-Climatological dah for April, 1919. District .Vo. Y-Continued. G s i ? d S _- 37 31 21j ........ ........ ........ 33 ........ ........ ........ 39 36 4.2 37 37 39 3ti 31 ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ 35 38 36 ........ ........ ........ ........ 24 37 40 40 ........ ........ 39 25 42 39 40 ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ 4s 39 37 27 41 Z5 39 38 31 ........ ........ ..___ ........ ........ 34 ;; ;; ........ 32 ........ 30 37 39 ........ ........ ........ 36 42 39 32 35 35 ........ ........ ........ APRIL, 1913 12 13 llt 12t 13 12 ?ti 12 l2t 13 121 ?5 13 12 I l t 11 l l t 12 12 12 12 13t 14 12 ___ 12 12 l ?t gaahnan .............. Kaufman ......... 4 4 K-llle. .............. Kerr .............. 1,GO ,UnlrkerbdcKer.. ...... .I Tolh Green.. ..... 2.050 _--__ 35 3.40 - 1.04 4s 2.5ti - 1.09 56 2 .3 ....... ........ 2.06 - 1.55 ....... 1.52 ....... ........ 1.11 ....... 52 2.05 - 1.46 ........ 1.20 -0.69 ........ 0.01 ....... ........ 2.90 + 0.87 4) 5.44 ....... 40 ?.?ti - 0.44 54 T. ....... ........ 2.05 ....... 40 4.58 + 0.17 ........ 1.62 ....... 41 2.i5 ....... 41 1.9Y - 0.95 ........ 2.110 ....... 4.5 ?.(Q - 2.95 39 1.63 ....... ....... 1.65 ....... ....... 0.56 ....... 40 5.12 + 1.47 ....... 1.72 ....... 41 1.92 ........ 46 2.07 + 1.40 ........ 4.19 ....... ....... 2.11 ....... 48 1.00 - 0.87 42 4.42 - 0.97 3s 0.95 - 2.53 33 3.30 - 0.7E ........ 2.89 -0.39 ........ 1.02 ....... 39 1.04 ....... 47 1.67 - 0.13 33 0.79 - 2.38 ........ 1.lX ....... ........ 2.20 ....... 45 1.49 ....... 40 0.38 ....... ._._ 0.30 - 0.73 ....... 3.20 ....... ....... 6.36 ....... 22 0.50 - 1.30 3Y 0.51 ....... .................... ....... 46 0.34 0.54 - ....... 3.18' -per1 ............... Bosque ........... 576 a a ................ Dawson ........... 2.500 wgb.. . .. ......... Fayette. .......... I .. m D a s S a .............. L8llIPaSaS ......... I) ...... (I (I Lab68 ................ W W C y ........... 35 Laredo ................. Webb ............. 421 20 T a d l e a R w h ........ Nueces ............ I ~ 0 3 0 6 0 3 0 4 4 0 4 0 4 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 0 0 3 0 4 0 4 0 3 0 6 0 3 0 4 0 3 0 5 0 2 0 5 0 1 0 4 O B 0 4 O b 0 3 0 4 0 4 o s 5 li 0 3 Liberty.. .............. Liberty.. ......... 33 Llano.. ................ Llano.. ........... Llanoornude .......... Hidalgo ........... 1 "% Lonn Lake.. ........... i Anderson.. ....... 329 I s .? 69.6 64.6 b2.S Lonppiew .............. Gregg ............. 336 Lufkin.. ............... Annelina.. ........ 325 L q b ock ............. Lubbock - 1.2 - 2.9 ...... ........... ........... ........... - 2.9 ........... ........... Lullng ................. Calawell .......... 418 McQregor.. ............ McLennan.. ...... 713 YcKinney.. .......... Collin.. ........... 612 Marathon.. ........... Brewster.. ........ 4.013 Marble Falls ........... Durnctt. .......... 771 __ ~ 63.7 67.2 63.3 57.3 ................... Marfa .................. Presidio Marahall ............... Harrison .......... 375 Matamrda.. ........... Matanorda.. ...... 12 ........... ____._ - 2.5 ........... ...... ...... 63.7 64.2 6 .4 59.9 63.2 fb5.5 64.4 ........... ........... ...... ........... 1 .. .... ....... ........... ........... ........... - 0.2 - 1.9 - 3.1 - 1.5 ........... ~" ~~- Menie.. ................ MJdland ............... Yisslon ................ Moat Belvieu ......... Limestone.. ...... 537 Midland .................. Cham TS (;5 H i d a l e .......... 140 ......... - $ R m - i e E J - 14 17 9 lti 3 3 21 11 13 9 22 5 3 27 2 6 24 3 11 3 5 5 12 3 9 10 3 3 1 24 14 24 31 2-4 3 7 17 12 3 2 2 4 36 9 9 12 6 18 9 3 22 28 4 4 ?o 12 13 2 7 2 4 9 2 2 12 3 12 23 3 3 3 13 7 13 14 24 16 24 8 2 ... Yontell ................ Mount Blanco.. ....... Nwo dacha ........... P-tine.. ............. Panter ................. paarsaU ................ P i m ................. Phinvlew.. ............ Port Lavaw ........... Pant ................... Putnam.. ............. Raymondville ......... Rfeardo ................ Rb Orande.. .......... Rheraida.. ............ Rooklend .............. Roakport *z ........... Rcmville ............... Rungs ................. Babinal.. .............. Balado. ................ 6an Angelo.. .......... Ban Antonio.. ......... Ean Augustine.. ....... Ban Juanita.. .......... BanMaroos ............ Ban Baba. ............. &nta Anna.. .......... Banta Oertrudes. ...... W y .................. Seymour.. ............. Snyder.. ............... a m e m n i e .. ........... &mora ................. B u r ................... Efambrd ............... L3u land... .......... ButKrland ... Taboka.. .............. Taylor. ................ Temple. ............... Theodore. ............. NOW %raun,eb.. ....... Temperahue, in degrees Fahrenheit. I Precipitation, in inches. I gi -5 1 e ................. Uvalde.. Crosby.. .......... 2,750 Nscogdoches ...... 271 Comal.. .......... 720 Anderson.. ....... 510 Hood ............. 1,000 Frio .............. 629 Wharton .......... 102 Hale.. ............ 3,370 Calhoun .......... 20 Qarza ............. 2,700 Callahan.. ........ 1,591 Cameron .................. Nueces ............ 57 Starr.. .................... Walker.. ......... 169 Tyler ............. 136 Aransas.. ......... 12 Atawosa .......... 558 Karnes ........... 305 Uvalde.. ......... 964 Bell.. ..................... Tom Green.. ..... 1,347 Bexar.. ........... 701 Ban Augustine.. .. 360 Hidalgo.. ................. Hays ............. 553 8an Saba.. ....... 1,712 Coleman.. ........ 1,744 Nueces.. .................. Austin ............ 201 Bavlor.. .......... 1,3!20 6clin-y.. .................. Rurleson.. ........ 251 Button ............ 2.?oo I) 0 ..... I. ..... 0 1 0 4 0 4 0 1 0 .3 0 3 0 4 0 2 0 2 0 6 0 6 0 2 3 0 2 0 2 0 1 5 65.6 ....... 64.6 - 4.0 71.6 _.____ 10 12 Et 14 12 12 ..... I ...... 64.3 I- 0.5 ....... 1.62 ....... 49 1.65 - 0 .Z 38 1.32 - 1.G2 4.2 6.31 ....... 48 1.10 ....... w 1.61 - 1.79 43 2.11 - 0.37 .... ....I :::: 1.40 ....... $?SI- 1.55 .....I 65.5 ..... 58. 1 1 - 1.3 68.0 1 - 1.7 73.2 M.9 64.0 64.4 60.2 66.0 ..... j ....... ...... - 2.1 - 1.8 ........... ........... ........... ...... ...... ...... ....... ....... 10.4 ....... Dickens. .......... Jones ..................... Fort Bend ........ Wilson. ........... illlamson.. ..... Bell. .............. LJn? .................... Winkler.. ............... Tivoll .................. Refnugio .................. Uvalde.. .............. Uvalde.. ......... Valentine.. ............ Jeff Davis.. ....... Valley Junction.. ...... Robertson.. ...... ............ 63.6 - 1.0 rfi.4 ....... 2; 300 79 424 553 630 937 4.421 239 6a.x[: : : : : : : 11 llt 12 11 13 ........... 64.0.- 1.0 66.9 - 2.1 63.6 ...... 52 0.77 ....... 44 2 57 ....... 31 2.1s - 1 34 ..... 0.50 ....... 47 1.M ....... 36 1 25 - 2.72 12 36 ........... 61.8 ....... 61.3 ...... 66.3 - 2.5 1.60 - 2.08 ........... 62.2 ...... 64.6 - 2.9 65.6 )- 0.8 .... I.... l2t 40 12 41 13 45 12 41 12 33 .... 1 .... ...... 1 ....... 2.35 - 1.71 2.47 - 0.74 3.40 - 1.16 3.73 + 0.59 2.19 - 0.83 2 15 1:G8 ::::::: - j $ z! B .- - 90 90 95 .. .. 93 .. 86 93 98 6s 61; 90 90 83 83 SE 93 ... .. 93 37 37 S6 65 92 83 95 94 .. ... ... ... ... 7s 86 94 95 90 87 97 69 94 90 97 93 37 95 90 36 94 90 90 95 93 90 92 52 87 .. .. 68.4 65.2 6 .9 63.0 62.8 ........... - 2.9 - 1.9 - 0.1 - 1.6 ...... 0 4 0 3 0 4 0 4 0 6 0 2 0 3 Vita-ris.. .............. Wac0 .................. Waxahschis ........... Weatherford.. ......... Will8 Point.. .......... WinteR. ............... ....... L .I L 1 ....... 12 -1.5 2.19 ...... :;,I : I ::;E I::::::: Victorla.. ......... 187 McLennan ........ 4% Ellis .............. 556 Parker.. .......... 861 Van Zsndt.. ...... 524 Runnels ................. ..:I.. . .I.. ... .I ........ 0.iO ....... ........ 1.40 ....... ........ 0.54 ....... 25 I l ! 49k 1.26 - 0.73 - -* N .I *$ 52 d E u __ 0.93 0.97 1.75 0. 60 0. PT 0.43 1. 13 1.20 0.01 1.60 2. 27 1.1s T. 1.25 1.63 0. s3 1. &3 0.70 1.10 I). 83 1.04 1. 20 0.55 3.21 1.72 0.95 1.10 2.14 1. 18 1.00 1.75 0.46 1.4" 1. 15 0.64 0.69 0.78 0.79 1.26 1.50 0.69 0.3s 0.30 1.50 2.05 0.50 0. .It; 0. 15 0.29 1.31 1.55 0.64 1. G 1.06 1.07 1.29 1.10 0.4x 1. 12 1. 26 1.47 1.40 0.71 1.40 1.25 0.50 0. 72 1.06 1.23 0.40 0.54 0.52 1.10 1.24 1.90 2. 00 0.83 1. 15 1.50 .... .... 1.05 .... - Sky. - 3 0 5 ,: 5 % : :.c ~ 19 17 23 19 23 21 ... .. 1s 21 21 20 2.5 23 20 15 24 ''2 16 1s 1F w 20 13' 20 16 2? 19 19 21 ... 15 17 22 21 11 15 14 24 20 20 16 14 23 23 16 21 3 17 20 ?2 19 11 21 36 21 yy 1s 15 16 20 ... ... ... ... ... ... 14f 23 19 20 20 22 21 ... ... - ~ L 4 :.c :'E ' P ,- - L 1 - ' > - 7 9 6 2 1 0 8 A 9 3 0 4 1 2 3 4 7 0 ... ; a 11' 5 6 3 4 I; lj ... 0 8 4 ti I4 5 6 2 3 8 LO 7 5 2 9 1 2 0 9 0 0 3 1 4 4f 7 12 IO 2 ... ... Gf 4 2 2 1 2 6 - -. ' u i 1: I5 ' e "c :c .= - 4 4 1 9 6 !J 4 3 !! k ; 3 9 13 4 L2 7 1 S 01 5 8 5 7 5 a ... 15 5 4 3 5 10 LO 4 7 2 4 9 2 5 5 8 !O 13 1 8 9 19 6 3 5 5 3 4 8 ... ... 91 ... ... ... 21 3 9 8 9 6 3 - 5. S. S. se . se. ..... 5. ..... ..... ..... n. se. nw. se. 3. S. S. S. S. sc. S. ..... ..... S. S. S. se. se. ..... S. S. S. S. S. ..... ..... S. S. S. S. SW. se. S. S. S. se. se. se. se. se. se . ..... S. S. ..... S. S. S. S, S. se . S. S. ..... ..... ..... n. ..... SB. S. ..... ..... ..... ..... S. S. S. S. S. S. ..... n. ..... Observers. B. J. Hubhard. Robert E. Home. Jos. Tweedy. T. A. Johnson. Au st Hemes. S. F A u s t i n . Mrs. K. 1. Webber. Jno. G. henedy. Mrs. A. H . Jackson. Matt Cody, Mrs. Fannie Sneed. E. W. Tomnce. Ed. D. Wardlow. Geo. W. Ellis. C. A. Propst.. A. L. Paschall. T. A. King. John Carter. W. H. Whitley. H. Killin worth. Rev. A. $1 Willis. B. E. Cochran. W. L. Jones. Lee Scott. W. E. McNabb. Miss Josephine Newman. J. Han.ey Clark. Myron J. Conway. A. R. Shearer. 4. G. Beecroft. Geo. W. Smith. Miss Mary Hofrnann. J. Giesecke. U. S. Weather Burroii. E. H. Snyder. Earnest b e Vilbiss. R. B. Pointer. J. F. Sanders. J. H. Bickford. W. T. M ~M . 9. M. Davis. C. H Pease. 5. 9. Lehman. D. N. Garea. Mrs. C. W. Higdon. Mack Dunkin. Mrs. 0. Grewe. W. F. M. Ross. ReifTert b. Frubeae. H. W. Reily. L. M. Crockett. Sam Crowther. U. 6 . Weat.her Bureau F. A. Wilson. J. B. McAllcn. Miss L. C. Ford. Jas. Bims. L. L. Shield. 5. B. Wright jr. 0. H. Albert: 9. C.Loe. J Allen Weaver. Ed. Herbst. C. R. Myers. Paul C. Rudat. W. W. Craft. H. C. Crie. U. 9. Weather Bureau. W. Goodrich Jones. W. J. K. B. Ball. Oates. W. E. Qisler. J. C. McBride. Valentine Develo ment Co. Frank Fjtz atric!?. C. C. ZirpcL.. E. H. Hall. C. D. Longserre. Miss J. Btickrort. N. W. Oibbard. Ed. P. Eason. kDi. 23P. m, b, 0, etc., indicate respectively 1,2,3, etc., days missing from the record. #Temperature extremes are from observed readings of the dry bulb; means 81% computed from observed readings. t A h on oper datea. T. Precipitation is less than 0.01 inch rain or melted snow. APRIL. 1913 . MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW . TABLE P.-D~ily precipitntion for April, 1919 . District No . 8. Texas and Rio Grande Valley . 603 MONTHLT WEATHER REVIEW. TABLE 2.-Daily precipitation for April, 1913. District No. 8-Continued. Stations. APRIL, 1013 Watershed. I Tfzas. Hico.. ............. .. .do.. ..... ~ Hillsborn.. ............. ..do. ....... Hondo 11.. ......... Nuecrs.. Houston.. .......... Coast.. ....... Euntsville I R ........ Trinitv ....... ..... Jayton .............. Rrazoi ....... Jiinction. ........... Colorado. .... gnicbrbocker ._..__ Colorado ____. Jewett 11 ........... Trinity ....... K a u h a n . .......... Trinity ....... Kerrville 11.. ....... Guadalupe.. . I I I I I j ~ i .I j I I I I 1 I I l -~-~-l -~-l ~l ~-l -~-~-I -l - .... T. 1.03 ................ 1 ! ........ 1.57 .... T. .go ............................ 1.11 ........................ .......................... ................ .77 .................... 0.25 ........... .L .......... .......................... ........................................ 0.95 ....... T ............. .......................... .202.(XI ........................... 3.64 1 .G i T. 2.55 ....... T ......... T. .......................... ........ 1.30 ............................ 1.41 ....................... .......................... ..:.l.65 T. 1 .G ....................... .......................... 1.12 ............................ .1il .... 1.22 ........... T ......... .......................... ............. 10 .30 .................... 0.52 ....................... .......................... ............. ?i 2.15 4. 05 .... T. .... .02 T. .................... 0.14 ................... T. .......................... .37 T. .95 .06 ........................ 1.44 ........... .25 ........ .......................... ........ .65 ............................ 1.46 ....... .a ......... O i .......................... .... 1.w) .02 ............................ 1.94 ....................... .......................... ............ 1.70 .65 .................... 3.21 ....................... .MI .............................................. 96 1.54 T. T. .03 .0 2 li ........ .44 .35 .02 .................... 1.03 ....... .05 .3Y .05 ........ 1.05 .37 ........................ 1.91 ....... .O? . 10 ............ .OS .04 1. i 3 .................................. ............ 1.33 .03 .................... 3.30 ........... T. ............ .48 .......................................... 1.45 .S i 10 ................................... T ................................... .... T. .... .33 .03 .................... 0.38 ....... .20 .................... .i o ...................................... ......... 8s .ll ........................ 1.89 ........................... .5i .......................................... .@I, .19 .20 ............................ 1.65 ... T. .05 ............ .05 .33 . 01 ...................................... ........ 1. M .O l ........................ 1.51 ... T. .95 .03 ............ T. 1.59 ...................................... ........ 1.90 .OS T. .................... 4.55 ....................... T. .65 .