The utility of platinum compounds in the treatment of cancer was recognized in the 1970s with the development of cisplatin, which was approved by the FDA for use in testicular and ovarian cancer in 1978. Severe toxicities associated with cisplatin motivated efforts to find analogues with improved safety profiles. The greatest success in these early efforts was carboplatin which entered clinical trials in 1982 and was approved by the FDA for use in ovarian cancer in 1989. Carboplatin, like all the platinum compounds, is thought to act primarily as an alkylating agent, causing intrastrand crosslinks in DNA (Rabik and Dolan, Cancer Treat. Rev. 33(1):9-23 (2007)).
Solvent | Solubility (mg/mL) |
---|---|
Water | > 15 |
pH 4 Acetate Buffer | 5 - 10 |
pH 9 Carbonate Buffer | 5 - 10 |
10% Ethanol/H2O | 5 - 10 |
95% Ethanol/H20 | < 1 |
0.1 N HCl | 5 - 10 |
0.1 N NaOH | 5 - 10 |
Methanol | < 1 |
Chloroform | < 5 |
Dimethylsulfoxide | 5 |
Acetic Acid | < 1 |
Trifluoroacetic Acid | < 1 |
Species |
IC50 |
IC75 |
IC90 |
---|---|---|---|
mouse |
250 |
500 |
800 |
dog |
30 |
180 |
500 |
human |
150 |
550 |
2500 |